Blood Vessels Circulation
血液循环机制英文作文
血液循环机制英文作文英文：Blood circulation is a fundamental process in the human body that ensures the distribution of oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to tissues and organs while removing waste products like carbon dioxide. It involves the heart, blood vessels, and blood itself.The process starts in the heart, where deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is released, and oxygen is absorbed into the blood. This oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart through the pulmonary vein.Once oxygenated, the blood is pumped out of the heart's left ventricle into the aorta, the body's largest artery. From there, it travels through smaller arteries and arterioles, reaching various tissues and organs. Along the way, oxygen and nutrients are delivered to cells, whilewaste products are collected.After passing through the arterioles, the blood enters tiny vessels called capillaries, where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs with surrounding cells. This exchange is vital for cellular function and tissue health.Following the exchange in the capillaries, the blood, now deoxygenated, enters venules and then veins, eventually returning to the heart's right atrium. The cycle repeats as the blood is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation and then back to the body.The circulatory system also plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature and maintaining homeostasis. For example, during exercise, blood flow increases to deliver more oxygen to muscles and remove heat generated by metabolism.Overall, blood circulation is a dynamic process that keeps the body functioning properly, ensuring cells receivethe necessary oxygen and nutrients while efficiently removing waste products.中文：血液循环是人体的基本过程之一，它确保了氧气、营养和激素被输送到组织和器官，同时排除像二氧化碳这样的废物。
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM11 - 副本(1)
Blood Pressure
• Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood againt the wall of a blood vessel. • It is commonly measured in a large artery with a sphygmomanometer.Both systolic and diastolic pressure are measured and reported as systolic then diastolic separated by a slash,such as 120/80. • Blood pressure is a valuable diagnostic measurement that is easily obtained. • 血压是血液的流动时，撞击血管壁的所产生的力。 • 它通常用血压计测量在一个大的动脉。收缩压和舒张 压都是测量和报告为收缩压舒张压一个斜杠隔开,如 120/80。 • 血压是一种有价值的诊断测量,很容易获得。
心脏四腔,双泵,由上面的右 和左心房和左、右心室。 从右边距心脏右心房。接 收来自上腔静脉血液,下腔 静脉和冠状静脉窦。 右心室血液从右心房通过 三尖瓣填补右心室。 左心房位于心脏的后部,接 收来自肺静脉血液 左心室左心室接收血液从 左心房。这两个房间是分 开的僧帽(二尖瓣)阀。
1.Superior vena cava 2.Inferior vena cava 3.Right atrium 4.Tricuspid valve 5.Right ventricle 6.Pulmonic valve 7.Pulmonary artery 8.Right pulmonary artery 9.Left pulmonary artery 10.Left pulmonary vein s 11.Right pulmonary veins 12.Left atrium 13.mitral(bicuspid)valve 14.Left ventricle 15.Aortic valve
血液的英文单词
血液的英文单词全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：血液是人体内一种重要的液态组织，它通过血管系统流动在全身，将氧气和养分输送到各个组织和器官中，同时排出代谢产物和二氧化碳。
血液中含有红细胞、白细胞、血小板和血浆等成分，每种成分都扮演着不同的角色，维持着人体内部的平衡。
下面将介绍一些关于血液的英文单词，帮助大家更好地了解这个神奇的液体。
1. Blood：血液，人体内循环系统中运输氧气和营养物质的液体。
2. Red blood cells：红细胞，负责携带氧气到身体组织和器官中的细胞。
3. White blood cells：白细胞，是免疫系统的一部分，负责消灭病原体和维持免疫功能的细胞。
4. Platelets：血小板，起着止血和修复损伤血管的作用。
5. Plasma：血浆，是血液中含有水、盐和蛋白质等物质的液体部分。
6. Hemoglobin：血红蛋白，是红细胞中负责结合氧气并将其输送到身体各个部位的蛋白质。
7. Blood vessel：血管，是血液通过的管道，包括动脉、静脉和毛细血管等。
8. Circulation：循环，指血液在人体内部不断流动的过程。
9. Coagulation：凝血，是血液在受伤时形成血块的过程，起着止血的作用。
10. Blood type：血型，根据红细胞表面的抗原种类将血液分为A 型、B型、AB型和O型等。
11. Hematopoiesis：造血，是骨髓中生产血液细胞的过程。
12. Anemia：贫血，是由于缺乏血红蛋白或红细胞数量不足导致的一种疾病。
13. Leukemia：白血病，是一种骨髓造血系统恶性肿瘤，导致白细胞异常增生。
14. Thrombosis：血栓，是在血管内形成的血块，可能导致血管堵塞和缺血。
15. Transfusion：输血，是将捐赠者的血液输送到接受者体内的过程，用于治疗失血等情况。
以上就是关于血液的一些英文单词，希望能够帮助大家更好地理解血液的结构和功能，保持身体健康。
体循环的流程
体循环的流程The circulatory system is a crucial part of the human body, responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells throughout the body. 体循环是人体的一个关键部分，负责将氧气、营养和激素输送到全身的细胞中。
One of the most important components of the circulatory system is the heart, which acts as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body. The heart is a powerful organ that contracts and relaxes to push blood through the blood vessels. It is made up of four chambers, each playing a specific role in the circulation process. The left and right atria receive blood from the body and lungs, while the left and right ventricles pump blood out to the body and lungs. Once the blood has been oxygenated in the lungs, it is pumped back to the heart to be distributed to the rest of the body. 循环系统中最重要的组成部分之一是心脏，它起着泵的作用，将血液在全身循环。
血液循环英文版
2 Cardiac contractility
The intrinsic property of myocardium to change its contraction Performance not depending on the preload and after-load is called myocardial contractility (inotropicstate).
Close
Open
isovolumic systole 0.05s
ejection period 0.5s
rapid ejection period
reduced ejection period
Ventricular
Atrial Ventricular Arterial
Atrial pressure
Chapter 4
Blood Circulation
Section One
Functions of heart as pump
Definition：the period from the beginning of heart contraction to the beginning of next consisting of a period of contraction called systole followed by a period of relaxation called diastole
NORMAL ECG
Significance of the typical normal ECG
P wave：
Derived from depolarization of the atria
QRS wave Signifies the depolarization of the ventricles T wave
血塞通软胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床应用
血塞通软胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床应用发表时间：2019-03-25T16:50:47.997Z 来源：《医药前沿》2019年2期作者：申劲锋[导读] 冠心病是冠状动脉粥样硬化使血管腔狭窄或阻塞，或因冠状动脉痉挛导致心肌缺血缺氧、甚或坏死而引起心前区疼痛、憋闷为主要表现的心脏病。
（云南昆明华润圣火药业有限公司云南昆明 650217）【摘要】血塞通软胶囊具有活血祛瘀，通脉活络功效，临床上治疗冠心病心绞痛有较好疗效。
本文将近年来相关临床应用归纳总结，为血塞通软胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛提供临床参考。
【关键词】血塞通软胶囊；冠心病；心绞痛【中图分类号】R541 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-1752（2019）02-0018-02Clinical application of Xuesaitong soft capsule in the treatment of angina pectoris was reviewedShen Jinfeng.China Resources Shenghuo Pharma co.,LTD.,Kunming,Yunnan 650217,China【Abstract】Xuesaitong soft capsule has the effect of activating blood circulation,removing stasis,and activating blood vessels and collaterals.It has a good clinical effect in the treatment of coronary heart disease angina pectoris. This paper summarizes the clinical application of xuesaitong soft capsule in the treatment of angina pectoris.【Key words】Xuesaitong soft capsule;Coronary heart disease (CHD);Angina pectoris冠心病是冠状动脉粥样硬化使血管腔狭窄或阻塞，或因冠状动脉痉挛导致心肌缺血缺氧、甚或坏死而引起心前区疼痛、憋闷为主要表现的心脏病。
circulatory system循环系统
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The lymphatic system is a widely distributed system with multiple functions. Its role in circulation is to return excess fluid and proteins from the tissues to the bloodstream. The fluid carried in the lymphatic system is called lymph. Another function of the lymphatic system is to absorb digested fats from the small intestine These fats are then added to the blood near the heart. One other major function of the lymphatic system is to protect the body from impurities and invading microorganisms.
4
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition in which proper circulation of blood and oxygen are not provided to the heart and surrounding tissue. This result is due to a narrowing of the small blood vessels, which normally supply the heart with blood and oxygen. The typical cause of coronary heart disease is a condition known as atherosclerosis, which takes place with plaque and fatty build up on the artery walls, narrowing the vessels. Some more frequent symptoms of coronary heart disease include:
Chapter7BloodCirculation血液循环.ppt
Cardiac Output = Heart Rate×Stroke Volume
CO=HR×SV =75 × 70 =5250（ml）
Cardiac reserve (心力贮备)
CO (Cardiac output) quiet (安静时)：5L/min movement (运动时)： 180-200 150-170 25-30L/min
Mechanism of AP :
0期: 去极,钠内流(快通道) 1期: 快速复极初期,钾通过瞬时性外向钾外流通
道外流, 膜内电位降至0mv左右
2期: 缓慢复极期又叫平台期,钙和少量钠通过慢 通道的
内流与少量钾外流相持
3期: 快速复极末期,膜对钾的通透性 升高,钾外流 膜电位由0mv 降至-90mv
(自动兴奋的频率)
2.Functional Synplasm（机能合胞体）
Structure basis : Intercalated disc (闰盘) 心肌的机能合体性
The phenomenon of ‘ all or none ’ in the myocardial
（心肌收缩的“全或无”现象）
Sino-artrial node (S-A node, 窦房结) Artrio-ventricular node (A-V node ,房室结) atrioventricular bundle 0.05m/s and bilateral bundles (房室束及左右束支) 2-5m/s
Purkinje fiber(浦肯野氏纤维) 2-5m/s
1.Def. Cardiac cycle (心动周期) : The whole cycle of systole and
diastole (心脏由收缩到舒张的整个过程)
血脉之体用研究_邹万成
[12]王明航,李建生,李素云,等.慢性阻塞性肺疾病多维结局指标综合疗效评价研究[J].中华中医药杂志,2013,28(3);635-640.[13]陈鹿鸣,胡绚,黄凯峰,等.中医主症PRO 量表在COPD 合并肺心病疗效评价中的应用[J].中医药导报,2013,19(8);1-5.[14]李友林,朱燕波,王伟,等．基于“形神一体观”建立COPD 稳定期疗效量表的思路[J]．山东中医药大学学报,2011,35(3):220-221.[15]李建生,王明航,余学庆．慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者报告结局量表的研制及初步考核[J].中医学报,2011,26(3):271-274.[16]Lynda C Doward,Ari Gnanasakthy,Mary G Baker.Pa －tient repor -ted outcomes ；looking beyond the label claim.Health and Quality of Life Outcomes [J].Health Qual Life Outcomes,2010,(8)；89.[17]吴大嵘,杨小波,赖世隆.中医药研究中软指标测量工具的建立和应用探讨[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(4):293-297（收稿日期：2014-09-01编辑：季铁铮）血脉之体用研究邹万成（韶关学院医学院，广东韶关512026）[摘要]通过正本清源的文献学考察、贯通医理的考据、结合现代医学知识，以指导临床为原则，探讨血脉的体用，认为血脉的基本功能是行血渗气和运浊排浊，血脉的本质功能是营运和经营阴阳；血脉之体为能动的舒缩管、为如环无端的半透膜。
对血脉体用的研究，对建立以五脏为中心，与气血精津液密切相关，与内外环境紧密联系的，以血脉的体用为立足点的血脉病辨证体系具有重要意义。
[关健词]血脉之体；血脉之用；血脉病[中图分类号]R255.7[文献标识码]A [文章编号]1672-951X （2015）02-0014-03Study on Body and Function of Blood VesselsZOU Wan-cheng(Medical College of Shaoguan University,Shaoguan,Guangdong 512026,China)[Abstract]Through reviewing the literature and medical knowledge combined with modern medical knowledge,to study the body and function of blood vessels.The author considered that the basic function of blood vessels is promoting circulation of blood,permeation and transport turbidity;the essential function of blood vessels is operating and managing yin and yang;the body of blood vessels is semipermeable membrane which acts as vasomotor tube.Study on the body and function of blood vessels is important to establish blood disease syndrome differentiation system.[Key words]Body of Blood Vessels;Function of Blood Vessels;Blood Disease*基金项目：韶关市科技局立项课题（2013CX/K82）高血压病、动脉硬化等心脑血管病与血脉密切相关，其发病率呈逐年上升趋势，病位主要在血脉。
血液循环英文作文
血液循环英文作文英文：Blood circulation is an essential process in our body that enables the transportation of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the arteries, and the deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart through the veins.The circulatory system is crucial for our body to function properly. For example, when we exercise, our muscles require more oxygen, and the heart pumps more blood to meet the demand. Similarly, when we are sick, our body produces more white blood cells to fight off infection, and the circulatory system helps to transport these cells to the affected area.However, there are also some factors that can affectthe blood circulation in our body. For instance, smokingcan cause the blood vessels to narrow, which can lead to poor circulation. Similarly, a sedentary lifestyle can also affect blood circulation as it reduces the amount ofphysical activity that can help to improve blood flow.In conclusion, blood circulation is a vital processthat ensures the proper functioning of our body. It is essential to maintain a healthy lifestyle and avoid factors that can negatively affect blood circulation.中文：血液循环是我们身体中的一个重要过程，它能够将营养物质、氧气和废物产品运输到全身各处。
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• External Iliac Arteries:
– blood to lower extremities
External Iliac Arteries
• when cross over to medial surface of thigh become Femoral Arteries
cross-section of vein with valve
Comparing Arteries & Veins
Blood Flow
• active organs like the liver, brain, kidneys have high blood flows @ rest • Kidney: ~25% of cardiac output • GI tract & liver: ~25% • Muscle circulation @ rest: ~20% • Brain: ~ 15%
Blood Vessels & Circulation Cardiovascular System - 2
for student copy
Circulation of Blood
• left side heart aorta branches of aorta (arteries) arterioles capillaries venules veins vena cava right side of heart pulmonary circulation left side of heart
– branches to deep femoral & superficial femoral
• when reaches knee becomes Popliteal Artery • where it branches posterior & anterior Tibial arteries • Posterior Tibial Artery divides Medial & Plantar Arteries
• both return blood to right atrium
Systemic Veins
• Internal Jugular descends parallel to common carotid arteries brachiocephalic veins(just as they merge with the subclavian veins
Capillaries
• where materials delivered to/from cells blood • walls 1 squamous cell thick: so diffusion very fast • not elastic
Types of Capillaries
Pulmonary Circuit
• circuit of blood vessels from heart lungs heart • rt ventricle of heart pumps blood thru pulmonary trunk branches into rt & lt pulmonary arteries smaller arterioles capillaries that surround the alveoli (little air sacs) where oxygenation of RBCs & get rid of carbon dioxide
Veins of the Upper Extremity
• Radial & Ulnar veins parallel arteries of same name then merge to become Brachial vein axillary vein subclavian vein • Vein draw blood from: median cubital
Veins
• any blood vessel with blood flowing toward the heart • low pressure vessels • can expand to accommodate differing volumes of blood flow • contain valves to stop backflow of blood
Arteries of Upper Extremities
• Axillary artery:
– branch of subclavian artery – becomes Brachial artery in the arm
• branches into Radial (pulse)& Ulnar arteries in lower arm
Pulmonary Circuit cont’d
• from capillaries venules which merge into larger & larger veins until they merge into the pulmonary veins: 2 pulmonary veins from each lung empty into lt atrium
Branches of the Abdominal Aorta
• descends slightly to the left of the vertebral column • retroperitoneal • Branches: 1. Celiac Trunk (3 branches)
– Lt gastric artery: stomach – Splenic artery: spleen: stomach, & pancreas – Common Hepatic Artery: liver, stomach, gallbladder, & duodenum
• increasing blood pressure can increase blood flow increasing blood pressure increases cardiac output constricts many arterioles more blood volume to other organs
2. Suprarenal arteries 3. Renal arteries
4. Gonadal arteries
5. Lumbar arteries
– vertebrae, spinal cord, abdominal wall
Iliac Arteries
• Abdominal Aorta branches into rt & lt Common Iliac Arteries @ L4 level • each branches internal & external iliac arteries @ level of lumbosacral joint • Internal Iliac Arteries:
– Descending Aorta
• travels posterior to heart
– portion in thorax called thoracic aorta – Portion in abdominal cavity called abdominal aorta
Common Carotids
Aorta
– Ascending Aorta
• begins @ aortic semilunar valve
– rt & lt coronary arteries
• supply rt & lt sides ant branches: brachiocephalic trunk, lt common carotid, lt subclavian
Branches of the Abdominal Aorta
5 Paired Arteries from Abdominal Aorta
1. Inferior phrenic arteries
– – – – inferior surface of diaphragm Adrenal glands kidneys Testicular or Ovarian
Branches of the Abdominal Aorta
2. Superior Mesenteric Artery: • pancreas, duodenum, small intestines, most of large intestines
3. Inferior mesenteric Artery: • terminal portion of the colon, sigmoid colon, & rectum
Arteries of the Lower Extremities
Superior & Inferior Vena Cava
• SVC: large vein that receives blood from upper body (head, neck, upper limbs) • IVC: large vein that receives blood from the lower body (lower limbs, pelvis, abdomen)
Blood Flow Through Organs
• regulated by nerves & chemical agents