考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语(语法)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（语法）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．That grand-sized pine tree______the horizon.(北京大学2005年试题)A．stands up well againstB．stands out good toC．stands out well againstD．stands up good to正确答案：C解析：stand out against sth．的意思是“突出，显眼”，符合题意。
stand up against 的意思是“抵抗，反对，同……对抗”；stand out to sth．无此搭配；stand up to sth．的意思是“经得起磨损”。
本题是说巨大的松树突出地显现在地平线上。
因此C项为正确答案。
2．“The effect of this medicine______by midnight,”the doctor told Emma, “You had better not try to read tonight. “(北京大学2005年试题)A．will wear offB．wears offC．will have worn offD．will be worn off正确答案：B解析：当表示普遍规律时应用一般现在时，因此B项为正确答案。
3．______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.(北京大学2005年试题)A．Being shown around the campusB．Having shown to the campusC．After been shown around the campusD．Having been shown around the campus正确答案：D解析：因为在was ushered into the auditorium hall之前就发生了be shown aroundthe campus这一动作，所以应用完成时的被动语态。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编22(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编22(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．The newspaper report ______ with the account of the accident on the radio.A．variesB．disagreesC．discountsD．disapproves正确答案：B解析：disagree(with)vi.与……不一致，不符合；有分歧，不同意。
2．I promised to buy my son a new bicycle but I had to______ him.A．displeaseB．dissatisfyC．disappointD．disgust正确答案：C解析：disappoint vt．使失望。
displease vt．使不高兴。
dissatisfy vt．使不满足。
disgust vt.使厌恶。
3．The fire was the worst ______ ever to hit the town.A．eventB．incidentC．hazardD．disaster正确答案：D解析：disaster n．(自然的)灾难，大祸。
event n．事件，大事：(体育)比赛项目。
incident n．事件，事变；发生的事。
hazard n．公害；危险。
4．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to___or to root out, apart from monarchy.(北京大学2011年试题)A．discardB．discreetC．discordD．disgorge正确答案：A解析：句子大意为：除了君主制，美国革命没有中世纪法律制度要——或铲除。
四个选项：A项discard“丢弃，抛弃”；B项discreet“小心的，慎重的，有思虑的，贤明的”；C项discord“不和”；D项disgorge“吐出”：or前后为并列关系，所选词语与root out意义相近，所以A项正确。
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。
（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。
考博英语真题 (2)
考博英语真题1. Introduction考博英语真题是博士研究生入学考试的一部分，旨在评估考生在英语听、说、读、写方面的综合能力。
本文将介绍考博英语真题的相关信息，包括考试形式和内容，以及考试的重要性和备考建议。
2. 考试形式和内容考博英语真题通常分为听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分。
在考试中，考生需要通过听力理解和口语表达、阅读理解和写作能力、以及翻译技巧来展示自己的英语水平。
2.1 听力理解和口语表达在这个部分，考生将会听到一段录音，并根据听到的内容回答相关问题。
这旨在测试考生对于英语语音和语调的理解能力，以及口语表达的流利程度。
考生需要通过听力练习来提高自己的听力水平，在表达方面要注意语速、语调和语音准确性。
2.2 阅读理解阅读理解部分包括阅读一篇英语文章，并回答相关问题。
这部分考试主要测试考生对于英语文本的阅读理解能力，包括对文章主旨、细节和观点的理解。
考生需要通过阅读大量英语文章来提高自己的阅读理解能力，学会抓住关键信息和进行有效的分析。
2.3 写作能力写作部分要求考生根据所给的题目或议题撰写一篇短文。
这部分考试主要测试考生的写作能力和逻辑思维能力。
考生需要通过练习写作来提高自己的组织和表达能力，注意文章结构、语法和词汇的使用。
2.4 翻译技巧翻译部分要求考生根据所给的句子或段落，将其翻译成相应的英文。
这部分考试主要测试考生的翻译能力和对于中英文之间的语言转换的掌握程度。
考生需要通过大量的翻译练习来提高自己的翻译能力，学会准确表达中文含义。
3. 考试的重要性考博英语真题在博士研究生入学考试中占据重要的地位。
英语是国际学术交流的重要工具，博士研究生需要具备一定的英语能力来阅读国际期刊论文、撰写学术文章、与国际学者进行交流。
通过考博英语真题的考试，学校可以对考生的英语能力进行评估，以选择适合的研究生。
4. 备考建议要取得好的考试成绩，考生需要做好充分的备考准备。
•首先，考生需要了解考试的形式和内容，确定备考的重点和重要性。
医学考博英语试题及答案
医学考博英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题1分）1. The new drug is reported to be effective in treating_______.A. hypertensionB. hypotensionC. hyperactivityD. hypoactivity答案：A2. The patient's condition has been stable since the _______ of the medication.A. administrationB. admissionC. communicationD. commutation答案：A3. The doctor advised the patient to avoid _______ foods.A. allergenicB. allergicC. allergenD. allergy答案：A4. The _______ of the surgery was successful, but thepatient's recovery was slow.A. executionB. implementationC. performanceD. operation答案：D5. The _______ of the disease is influenced by genetic factors.A. progressionB. regressionC. transmissionD. transition答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇5分）Passage 1Recent studies have shown that a balanced diet can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. Experts recommend consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. It is also important to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of a balanced dietB. The role of fruits and vegetables in heart healthC. The dangers of salt, sugar, and saturated fatsD. The benefits of lean proteins and healthy fats答案：A6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT recommended for heart health?A. Consuming a variety of fruits and vegetablesB. Eating whole grainsC. Limiting the intake of salt and sugarD. Eating large amounts of saturated fats答案：DPassage 2The use of electronic health records (EHRs) has increased significantly in recent years. EHRs provide a comprehensive view of a patient's medical history, which can improve the quality of care. However, the implementation of EHRs also presents challenges, such as ensuring data privacy and security.7. What is the main advantage of EHRs mentioned in the passage?A. They provide a complete medical historyB. They improve patient-doctor communicationC. They reduce medical errorsD. They lower healthcare costs答案：A8. What challenge is associated with the use of EHRs?A. Ensuring data privacy and securityB. Training medical staff to use the systemC. Maintaining the hardware for the systemD. Complying with legal regulations答案：A三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In recent years, telemedicine has become increasingly popular as a means of providing medical care to patients in remoteareas. This approach allows doctors to consult with patients via video conference, 9. which can save both time and money. Telemedicine can also 10. provide access to specialized care that may not be available locally.9. A. therebyB. moreoverC. howeverD. otherwise答案：A10. A. potentiallyB. actuallyC. certainlyD. occasionally答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题15分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
考博英语词汇考题详解
考博英语词汇考题详解考博英语词汇考题解密一、动词动词及短语动词是博士生入学英语考试词汇部分的一个重要测试项目。
该项目对考生的测试点包括：1)动词的认知能力和辨别能力；2)动词用法的掌握程度；3)动词搭配关系的熟练程度。
据初步统计在研究生入学考试5500个词汇中，大约有五分之一是动词及动词词组。
因此，掌握好这批词汇直接关系到能否通过博士生入学英语词汇部分的考试。
在动词部分中，考生首先应该具备较好的认知能力，即遇见一个动词后，能够较快地确定它的前两个或前三个词义。
如：evolve v.，第一个词义是“使发展”，第二个词义是“使进化”，第三个词义是“推论”。
在考试中，检查考生这一能力的题是比较多的；考生应该能够根据上下文确定动词的有关词义。
在具备认知能力的基础上，考生还需掌握这些词汇的基本用法。
如：forbid v. 后面不能用to smoke，只能用动词+ing的形式，即smoking；Occur v. (发生)，只能用于主动语态，不能以被动的形式出现。
最后，还要熟悉动词的基本搭配关系。
如：concentrate和associate两个动词，其后面的介词一般只能是on和with。
以下是按照上面三种情况出现的词汇题：1. The diplomatic relations between the two countries have ____.A. ticked awayB. gone outC. broken offD. rung up2.The Constitution also provides that the organ of state must practice democratic centralism.A. suppliesB. specifiesC. presentsD. withhold3.As a result, they had to ___ answering their letter by three days.A. decideB. refrainC. surpassD. delay第一句表示“外交关系终止”需用动词词组“break off"。
同济大学考博英语-2
同济大学考博英语-2(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：4，分数：40.00){{B}}Passage One{{/B}}The study of social science is more than the study of the individual social sciences. Although it is true that to be a good social scientist you must know each of those components, you must also know how they interrelate. By specializing too early, many social scientists can lose sight of the interrelationships that are so essential to understanding modern problems. That's why it is necessary to have a course covering all the social sciences. In fact, it would not surprise me if one day a news story such as the one above should appear.The preceding passage placed you in the future. To understand how and when social science broke up, you must go into the past. Imagine for a moment that you're a student in 1062, in the Italian city of Bologna, site of one of the first major universities in the western world. The university has no buildings. It consists merely of a few professors and students. There is no tuition fee. At the end of a professor's lecture, if you like it, you pay. And if you don't like it, the professor finds himself without students and without money. If we go back still earlier, say to Greece in the sixth century B. C., we can see the philosopher Socrates walking around the streets of Athens, arguing with his companions. He asks them questions, and then other questions, leading these people to reason the way he wants them to reason (this became known as the Socratic method). Times have changed since then; universities sprang up throughout the world and created colleges within the universities. Oxford, one of the first universities, now has thirty colleges associated with it, and the development and formalization of educational institutions has changed the roles of both students and faculty. As knowledge accumulated, it became more and more difficult for one person to learn, let alone retain it all. In the sixteenth century one could still aspire to know all there was to know, and the definition of the Renaissance man (people were even more sexist then than they are now) was of one who was expected to know about everything.Unfortunately, at least for someone who wants to know everything, the amount of information continues to grow {{U}}exponentially{{/U}} while the size of the brain has grown only slightly. The way to deal with the problem is not to try to know everything about everything. Today we must specialize. That is why social science separated from the natural sciences and why it, in turn, has been broken down into various subfields, such as anthropology and sociology.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the main idea of this text?（分数：2.00）A.Social science is unified. √B.Social science is a newborn science.C.What is social science.D.Specialization in social science is not good.解析：[解析] 文章第1句即为题旨所在：“The study of social science is more than the study of the individual social sciences.”(2).What can we learn from the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Socrates can be regarded as the first social scientist in the western world.B.The universities in Italy have no buildings.C.Socrates created the "Socratic method". √D.Greece is not as civilized as Italy.解析：[解析] Socratic method以苏格拉底的名字命名，并且为他所第一个使用。
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考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming______: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．interruptionB．descriptionC．qualificationD．contradiction正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：interruption“中断”；description“描述”；qualification “资格”；contradiction“矛盾”。
contradiction一词总结了原句中解释性分句表达的意思。
所以，正确答案是D。
2．The party leader justified his subsequent re-election______that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．in the wayB．by no meansC．on the groundsD．to the extent正确答案：C解析：在给出的选项中：in the way“在路上”；by no means“绝不”；on thegrounds“基于”；to the extent“到……程度”。
所以，正确答案是C。
3． A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into contemporary English______young audience who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．in memory ofB．at the cost ofC．on behalf ofD．for the benefit of正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：in memory of“纪念”；at the cost of“以某种代价”；onbehalf of“代表”；for the benefit of“为了某人的利益”。
所以，正确答案是D。
4．The objective of this popular consultation is to determine,______, the final political status of the region, whether to remain of the country as a special district, or to part from it.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．once upon a timeB．once and againC．all at onceD．once and for all正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：once upon a time“从前”；once and again“再三”；all atonce“突然”；once and for an“彻底地”。
所以，正确答案是D。
5．The______choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the available ones that will enable him or her to maximize utility.(浙江大学2010年试题) A．optimalB．optionalC．opticalD．optimistic正确答案：A解析：在给出的选项中：optimal“最佳的”，仔细体会可以发现，该词符合题干语意；optional“可选择的”，该词没有A项切题；optical“光学的”；optimistic “乐观的”。
所以，正确答案是A。
6．High grades are supposed to______academic ability, but John’s actual performance did not confirm this.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．certifyB．clarifyC．classifyD．notify正确答案：A解析：在给出的选项中：certify“证明”；clarify“澄清”；classify“分类”；notify“通知”。
所以，正确答案是A。
7．Before we move, we should______some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．discardB．dissipateC．cancelD．conceal正确答案：A解析：在给出的选项中：discard“抛弃”；dissipate“消散”；cancel“取消”；con—ceal“隐藏”。
所以，正确答案是A。
8．You cannot imagine how I feel______with my duties sometimes.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．overflowedB．overthrownC．overwhelmedD．overturned正确答案：C解析：在给出的选项中：overflowed“溢出的”；overthrown“推翻的”；over —whelmed“不知所措的”；overturned“倾覆的，倒转的”。
所以，正确答案是C。
9．His illness first______itself as severe stomach pains and headaches.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．expressedB．manifestedC．reflectedD．displayed正确答案：B解析：在给出的选项巾：expressed“表达”；manifested“表明”；reflected“反映”；displayed“展示”。
所以，正确答案是B。
10．The______they felt for each other was obvious to everyone who saw them.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．affectionB．adherenceC．sensibilityD．sensitivity正确答案：A解析：在给出的选项中：affection“喜爱”；adherence“依附”；sensibility“情感”；sensitivity“敏感”。
所以，正确答案是A。
11．These continual______in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．transitionsB．transformationsC．exchangesD．fluctuations正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：transitions“过渡”；transformations“改革”；exchanges“变化”；fluctuations“波动”。
所以，正确答案是D。
12．Henry went through the documents again carefully for fear of______any important data.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．relayingB．overlookingC．deletingD．revealing正确答案：B解析：在给出的选项中：relaying“接转，转送；播放，转播”；overlooking “忽略，疏漏”；deleting“删除”；revealing“揭示”。
所以，正确答案是B。
13．These were stubborn men not easily______to change their mind.(中国矿业大学2008年试题)A．tiltedB．convertedC．persuadedD．suppressed正确答案：C解析：在给出的选项中：tilted“用言词或文字抨击”；converted“转换”；persuaded“劝说”；suppressed“压制”。
所以，正确答案是C。
14．A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its______ form.(上海交通大学2008年试题)A．correctB．accurateC．genuineD．perfect正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：correct正确的，合适的；accurate精确的，准确的；genuine纯正的；perfect完美的，完善的。
根据句意判断，答案是C。
15．The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another______decision to be made.(上海交通大学2008年试题)A．criticalB．plentifulC．decentD．massive正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：critical决定性的，关键性的，批评的，批判的，be criticalabout对某事爱挑剔；plentiful丰富的，大量的；decent正派的，令人满意的；massive可观的，巨大的。
根据句意判断，答案为A。
16．In protest, blacks and______whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served.(上海交通大学2008年试题) A．sensibleB．indifferentC．influentialD．sympathetic正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：sensible明智的，合情理的；indifferent不关心的，中立的，beindifferent to对……漠不关心；influential有影响的，有权势的；sympathetic 赞同的，支持的，be／feel sympathetic to／toward对……表示同情，持赞同态度。