高一英语必修3Unit 4Astronomy the science of the stars知识点总结

合集下载

高一英语必修3Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars教案解析

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsVocabulary and Useful Expressions●三维目标1.Knowledge：（1）Words：crack，burst，ruin，injure，destroy，shock，last的具体用法。

（2）Phrases：at an end，right away，dig out 的用法（3）Sentence patterns：All hope was not lost.（部分否定句）2.Ability：（1）Train the students’ ability to read different numbers in English.（2）Learn the usage of some difficult words and expressions.（3）Train the students’ ability to remove the difficulties while reading.3.Emotion：（1）Train the students’ ability to cooperate with others.（2）Know the deadliness of an earthquake and the signs before an earthquake is coming.（3）Learn from the bravery of people in Tangshan to face the reality and rebuild the city.●教学重点（1）Train the students’ ability to read different numbers in English.（2）Train the students’ ability to cooperate with others.●教学难点（1）The explanation of some difficult words and expressions.（2）Train the students’ ability to remove the difficulties while reading.●教具准备（1）a tape recorder（2）a projector（3）the blackboard●教学过程Step 1 GreetingsGreet the whole class as usual.Step 2 RevisionT：In the last period，we learned something about the terrible Tangshan Earthquake in 1976，which is the deadliest earthquake in China’s history.Now I am going to ask you some questions based on the Reading passage.T：What did people in Tangshan see in the sky before the earthquake？S1：They saw bright lights in the sky.T：What did people hear？S2：They heard the sound of planes outside Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.T：What did people notice in the wells？S3：People noticed the well walls had deep cracks，and a smelly gas came out of the cracks.T：Did people pay any attention to these abnormal phenomena？S4：No.They went to bed as usual that night.T：When did the earthquake begin？S5：At 3：42 in the morning of July 28.T：How many people were killed or injured in the quake？S6：More than 400000 people.T：Could the injured people go to hospital？S7：No，they couldn’t because all of the city’s hospitals were gone in the quake.T：Were there any aftershocks？S8：ter that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan.Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.T：Did the survivors deny the city and go to live in other places？S9：No.They did the rescue work with the help of 150000 soldiers sent by the army.Slowly the city of Tangshan began to breathe again.T：I am very satisfied with your work.Step 3 Learning about NumbersT：Maybe you have already noticed that there are a lot of numbers in the Reading passage.To read them correctly is very important.Sometimes there is a test on numbers in Listening.T：Now turn to Page 28 and look at Part 3.Match each word to the number that has the same meaning.（Allow Ss several minutes to finish the task.）T：Now let’s check your answers.S：A.90% ninety percentB.10000 ten thousandC.1000000 one millionD.150000 one hundred and fifty thousandE.75% seventy-five percentF.1/3 one-thirdG.500 000 half a millionH.2/3 two-thirdsStep 4 Important pointsT：In the Reading passage of this unit，there are some important words and expressions.I will first give you five minutes to pick out the difficult words，expressions and sentence patterns.You may work with your partner.（After five minutes.）S1：In the first paragraph，“... the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.”How can we understand “burst”？T：If something bursts or if you bursts it，it breaks open or apart suddenly and violently so that its contents come out.e.g.You are going to burst the balloon，if you are not careful.S2：In the first paragraph，“Farmers’ wives noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.”and in the second paragraph “A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide.”Do the two “cracks”have the same meaning？T：You are very careful.Yes，they have the same meaning.Both of them are nouns.“Crack”means a very narrow space between two things or two parts of something.“Crack”can also be a verb，meaning to break or make something break so that it gets one or more lines on its surface，as in the sentence “In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.”e.g.She fell off her bike and cracked a bone in her leg.S3：How can we understand this sentence in the second paragraph “It seemed that the world was at an end.”？T：In order to understand this sentence，you have to know the meaning of the phrase “be at an end”.It refers to a situation in which something is finished or no longer existed.e.g.The long hot summer was at last at an end.Other examples are “come to an end”，“put an end to sth.”.T：So now who can explain the sentence in our text？S4：Let me have a try.The earthquake was so terrible that nearly everything was destroyed.So people thought it was the end of the world.T：Excellent.And this sentence uses exaggeration.S5：In the second paragraph，“In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.”Why don’t we use “ruin”instead of “ruins”？T：“Ruin”can be an uncountable noun，which means a situation in which you have lost all your money，your social position，or the good opinion that people had about you.e.g.With the collapse of grain prices，small farmers are on the brink of financial ruin.While “ruins”means the part of a building that is left after the rest has been destroyed.e.g.the ruins of a bombed-out office blockS6：In the second paragraph “Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.”Can we use “wound”to take the place of “injure”？T：No.To injure someone means causing physical harm to someone，for example in an accident or an attack.To wound someone means injuring someone，especially by making a cut or hole in their skin using a knife，gun，etc.e.g.（1）One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.（2）Gunmen killed two people and wounded six others in an attack today.S7：In the third paragraph “Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.”Can we use the word “ruin”to take the place of “destroy”？T：No.“Destroy”means to damage something so badly that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired.If you “ruin”something good or useful，it then usually exists，but no longer has its good qualities or features.e.g.（1）The school was completely destroyed in the big fire last night.（2）Too much sugar can ruin your teeth.S8：In the third paragraph，“People were shocked.”What’s the meaning of the sentence？T：“Shock”here means to make someone feel very surprised and upset and unable to believe what has happened.e.g.The murder of such a young child deeply shocked the whole community.S9：So the sentence in our text means people were surprised.T：Yes.But there is a slight difference between “shock”and “surprise”.If something is，comes as，or gives you a shock it is unexpected and often very bad.e.g.It came as a great shock to hear she was leaving home.But a surprise is something that is unexpected，but is not necessarily bad.e.g.What a nice surprise! I didn’t even think you were in the country!S10：In the third paragraph，“People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.”What does the word “last”mean in this sentence？Is it an adjective？T：No，it is not an adjective but a verb.“Last”here means to continue for a particular length of time.e.g.The hot weather lasted for the whole month of July.As a verb，“last”could also mean to manage to remain in the same situation，even when this is difficult.e.g.They won’t be able to last much longer without fresh supplies.The word “last”can also be used as a linking verb.It means being enough for someone to use.e.g.We only had $50 to last us the rest of the month.S11：In the last paragraph，“All hope was not lost.”What is the meaning of this sentence？T：This sentence is a partial negative. It has the same meaning with “Not all hope was lost.”e.g.（1）All the students do not agree to the plan.（2）Not all the students agree to the plan.These two sentences mean some of the students agree to the plan，but some don’t.Step 5 ConsolidationT：Now after the explanations of the words，expressions and sentence patterns，let’s do some exercises. Please turn to Page 28 and look at Part 2 in Learning about Language. Complete the passage with some of the words in the text.（After several minutes teacher asks one of the students to read the short passage. Correct any mistakes if there are any.）Step 6 HomeworkT：In order to master the usage of these words and expressions，please do some related exercises. Finish off the two parts in Using Words and Expressions on Page 63.●板书设计Unit 4 EarthquakesThe Third PeriodImportant Words：1.burst （v.）2.crack （n./v.）3.ruin4.injure/wound5.destroy/ruin6.shockedst（vi.）Important Expressions：1.It seemed that the world was at an end.2.All hope was not lost.（部分否定句）●活动与探究Story-telling Competition：For most of human history，people could only imagine what caused earthquakes to happen.Sostories were told to explain this natural disaster.A story from India says that four very big elephants hole up the earth.The elephants stand on the back of a bigger turtle.The turtle stands on an even bigger snake.When any of these huge magical animals move，the earth begins to shake!1.In pairs make up a story to explain how an earthquake happens.2.Share your story with your classmates.3.Choose which one is the most interesting.Give a reason.●备课资料知识点归纳：1.shake用法归纳（shake，shook，shaken）（1）抖动，震动，常作不及物动词，也作及物动词。

人教版高中英语必修三Unit_4_Astronomy：the_science_of_the_stars

在大批人员的介绍引见中，没有几个人希望你记住他们的
名字。
(2)Her garden is a mass of flowers. 她的花园里种满了花。
(3)I don’t like children inthemass . 大体而论，我不喜欢儿童。
(4) Themassof people in that country are Christians. 那个国家的大部分人是基督徒。
注意：a mass of和masses of可以后接可数或不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的单复数保持一致。
(1)Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to
remember their names.
(2009·安徽，阅读理解A)
hat and gloves to protect your face from being exposed
to the strong sunlight and your hands from being hurt.
(2009·辽宁)
d．It is necessary to stop the tourists from taking photos with
(2008·江苏，阅读理解B)
这些气体起到像温室玻璃一样的作用，它们允许来自太
阳的能量进入却阻止能量离开。
(2)They would prevent/stop/keep the rich from robbing the
poor. 他们要制止富人掠夺穷人。
(3)He raised his arm to protecthischildfrom 他伸出手臂去保护他的孩子免受伤害。

高一英语人教课标必修3Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars

Unit 4
Astronomy:
the science of the stars
Astronomy is the scientific study of the universe and the heaven bodies (such as the sun, the moon, and stars), gas, and dust within it.
eight planets in the solar system
Pluto (冥王星),
good bye in 2006.
said
What are the names of the eight planets that circle our sun?
地球火星 Earth Mars 天王星 Uranus
The Biblical Account "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the spirit of God was hovering over the waters. And God said..." Day 1: God spoke and separated light from darkness. creating Day and Night. Day 2: God spoke and separated the water creating sky and ocean. Day 3: God spoke and created dry land. Day 4: Day 5: Day 6: man. Day 7: God spoke and created the sun, moon and stars. God spoke and created living in the air and sea. God spoke and created the land animals and God rested and blessed this day calling it Holy.

人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。

in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。

注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。

e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。

Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。

(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。

e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。

高中英语人教版必修3 Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars完整教案

7 人行道
18 鞠躬
8 想知道
19 尖叫
9 大使馆
20 信封
10 寻找
21.短语
11 行为 2）The important phrases in this passage:
1.bring up_______________
2.account for _____________
3.take a chance __________
2.学生将不认识的词汇整理到笔记本上，并默写出所整理的词汇的汉语意思。
能力： 1.能根据老师所翻译的文章快速记住生词的汉语意思
2.能通过不断上涨的词汇量快速提高阅读能力
教学重点课文中的重点单词、短语及相关句型的掌握和运用
教学难点重点单词、短语的灵活运用
教学过程
一、课堂导入
1. Students talk about the science of the stars 二、复习预习 1）The important word ins this passage: 1.novel n.___________________ 2.unbelievable adj . ___________ 3.genuine adj._____________ 4.adventure n._____________ 5.author n. ________________ 6.birthplace n. _____________

7. pavement n._____________ 8.wander v._________________ 9.embassy n. _____________ 10.seek vt. ________________ 11.manner n.______________ 12.rude adj._______________

人教版高中英语必修三：Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars-词汇篇(老师版)

Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________要求学生掌握本单元的重点单词、重点短语、重要词汇辨析并能熟练应用。

一、重点短语1.in time 及时；终于2. lay eggs下蛋3. give birth to 产生；分娩4. in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着5. prevent... from 阻止；制止6. block out 挡住（光线）7. cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋8. now that 既然；因为9. break out 突发；爆发10. watch out密切注视，当心二、词义辨析1. collide属正式用词，常与不及物动词，可与with搭配，其名词为collisioncrash属普通用词，可作名词、及物动词和不及物动词，作不及物动词时常与介词into搭配2. break out指灾难性的事件，如战争、火灾、疾病等的爆发happen强调事件发生的偶然性come about常指不受控制的事情的发生，相当于。

常用句型：How does/did it come about…? ·····是怎样发生的？3.lie，lie ，lay 的区别如下:三、要点梳理1. in time及时；终于；迟早；最后on time准时；按时in no time 立即；马上at a time依次；每次；逐一at one time曾经；一度at no time从不at the same time同时in time for刚好赶上2.atmosphere(n.)大气层；空气；气氛atmosphere作为“大气层、大气”讲时常与定冠词the搭配；作“气氛、氛围”讲时常与不定冠词搭配；作先行词时，其后的定语从句如果缺少状语，引导词用where，如果缺少宾语或主语用that 或which。

人教新课标高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy_ the science of the starsUnit 4 Astronomy_ the science of t

UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsGrammar导学案2学习重点：正确选择关系词并运用主语从句。

学习难点：关系代词和关系副词的用法区别。

课前预习案Previewing Case使用说明及学法指导：1. 自我学习课本29页的内容,完成预习案进行自我检测。

2. 完成时间20分钟。

Task 1 Discussion: Everybody has an amazing mother who gives us life and the whole affection. We thank them very much.Q1：What do you think of your mother? Please share your feelings with us.*I think ____________________________*I wonder_________________________________*I feel _____________________________*I’m sure _________________________________Q2: Do you think you know your mother very well?*What my mother likes is_____________________________________________________*What my mother doesn't like is________________________________________________*What makes my mother happy is_______________________________________________*What my mother needs is_____________________________________________________ Task 2 Listen to a song and fill in the blanks. Here I have given you the lyrics of the song. Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine I'm leaving my life in your hands People say①______I'm crazy and that I am blind Risking it all in a glance②_____ you got me blind is still a mystery I can't get you out of my headDon't care ③____ is written in you history As long as you're here with meI don't care ④____ you are,_____ you're from,____ you didAs long as you love me Who you are Where you're from Don't care ⑤____ you did As long as you love me Every little thing that you have said and doneFeels like it's deep within me Doesn't really matter if you’re on the runIt seems like(as if)⑥_______ we're meant to beTask 3 Revision: Find the subjects in the following sentences.1. A tree has fallen across the road.2. You are a student.3. To find your way can be a problem.4. Smoking is harmful to you.5. What she said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It’s certain that we shall be late.Conclusion(from 5&6 ): 主语从句：一个句子在________引导下,在另一个句子中充当______(相当于一个___词)的从句。

新课标高一必修3Unit4AstronomyTheScienc

新课标高一必修3Unit4AstronomyTheScienc人教版新课标高一必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy The Science of the Star--教案2人教版新课标高一必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy The Science of the Star--教案2 Unit 4 Astronomy The Science of the Star--教案2 TITLE=人教版新课标高一必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy The Science of the Unit 4 Astronomy The Science Of The Stars The Fourth period Listening Step 1 Pre-listening Introduce Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein Step 2 Listening 1. Listen to the tape and fill the form 2. Hand out the listening materials and listen to the tape again, then fill the bracket with the right answers. At last ask some students to read the passage Step 3 Listening on P62 1. Discuss the following question s 1)_. Who’s Yang Liwei? He’s our hero who traveled into space on October15, 2003. 2). What’s the name of the spaceship? Shenzhou V. 3). Do you know what education and experience you need to become an astronaut? No. 2.Listen to the tape and answer some true or false questions 3. Give the students listening material and ask them to complete the passage while listening Step 4 Homework After class, you should listen to them again and sum up what you have learnt from them. For the homework, think about one question: What needs to be an astronaut?。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Period 1 Grammar points.
一．语法要点
主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语的从句叫主语从句。

引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。

Eg: Which team will win the match is still unknown.
主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般把它放到句子后面，前面用引导词”it”来作主语。

Eg: It’s strange that he didn’t come yesterday.
二．重点难点
1．Nobody knew that it was going to be different from other planets going to be different from other planets going round the sun.
going round the sun 为现在分词短语定语，表示一般的动作。

Eg: Men breaking the law will be punished.
现在分词短语，也可表示进行的动作
2. Weather life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
for millions of years to come 中不定式to come 作定语，与前面的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。

Eg: She is the last person to tell lies.
3．The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not.
The problem was that …, that 引导表语从句，that 只起连接作用，无意义，但不能省略。

Eg: The trouble is that we are short of money.
4．As the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
as conj. 随着，在…期间；由于，因为；尽管，即使；当…的时候；像…一样
5. That made it possible for life to begin to develop.
it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to begin to develop.
Eg: He thinks it’s his duty to help others.
三．功能句型
指示（Introductions）
Please look at/ listen to …Please pay attention to ...
Please check that …Make sure you …
Don’t forget to …Watch out for …
You need …You’d better …
You must/mustn’t …
四. 重点单词及短语
单词
① atmosphere n. 大气，空气，气氛
a friendly atmosphere 友好的气氛
atmospheric adj. 大气的，有气氛的
② violent adj. 剧烈的，厉害的；（人）暴戾的；（感情、言语）激昂的，激烈的violence n. 剧烈，暴行
violently adv. 激烈地，粗暴地
③ solid adj. n. 固体的；实质的；纯粹的；结实宾；牢靠的，稳固的
④ explode vt. vi. 爆炸，使爆炸；感情爆发；驳倒，推翻
explosion n. 爆发，爆炸
explosive adj. 爆炸性的，爆发性的
⑤ surface n. 外表，表面；adj. 表面的，外表的；vt. vi. 浮出水面，给…装上表面
⑥ dissolve vt. vi. 使溶解，溶解；解散，消除，解除
dissolution n. 解散，溶解
⑦ harmful adj. 有害的
harm n. v. 危害，伤害
harmless adj. 无害的
harmlessness n. 无害，无恶意，天真无邪
harmfully adv. 有害地
harmlessly adv. 无害地
⑧ spread vt. vi. n. （使）张开，伸展，扩张；涂；散布，传播；（使）蔓延
⑨ exist vi. 在，存在，生存
existence n. 存在；生活，生存
⑩ mass n. 团，块，堆，众多，大量；pl. 群众，民众；质量
短语
in time 迟早，最后 in time for sth./to do sth. 及时，不迟
prevent … from阻止某人做某事（from 有时可省略，但在被动说现语态中不能省）depend on/up sth. 依靠，指望；相信；取决于
cheer up 使某人高兴或更快乐
now that 既然，由于
break out 突然发生，逃出某地
make sense of … 理解，弄懂，有道理，有意义，理智的。