2008年上海高考英语试题翻译

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【宝山大华】2008-2016年上海市高考翻译

08年I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我们打篮球的时间到了。

（time）2.他设法把游客及时送到了机场。

（manage）3.你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？（possible）4.应鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。

（encourage）5.我对学生所谈论的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。

（ignorant）6.尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终究会克服暂时的困难。

（Although…）1.It is time for us to play basketball.2.He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time.3.Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening?4.Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strongpoints.5.Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself leftbehind.6.Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome thetemporary difficult y as long as we don’t lose heart.09年1.网球运动在上海越来越流行了。

2008年高考试题——英语(上海卷)(精品解析)

2008年全国高考上海卷英语科试题及答案第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.l. A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow. C. Next week. D. Next month.2. A. She doesn't play tennis well. B. She likes other sports as well.C. She is an enthusiastic tennis player.D. She is a professional athlete.3. A. At a paint store. B. At an oil marketC. At a science museum.D. At a gallery.4.A.Work in the yard. B. Buy some wood.C. Go to the bookstore.D. Take a walk.5. A. A taxi driver. B. A passenger.C. A car cleaner.D. A mechanic.6. A. Call a repairman. B. Get out the paper stuckC. Turn to her colleague for help.D. Restart the machine7. A. There are not enough gardens. B. Parking areas are full before 10:00.C. Parking areas are closed after 10:00.D. All classes begin at 10:00.8. A. The presentation will begin at noon. B. She'll present her work to the man.C. She'd like to invite the man for lunch.D. She suggests working on the presentation at 12:00.9. A. The dormitory hours. B. The problem with the rules.C. The door number of the dormitory.D. The time to open the dormitory.10. A. The chairs didn't need to be painted. B. He doesn't like the color of the chairs.C. The park could have avoided the problem.D. The woman should have been more careful.Keys: CCDAA BBDACSection BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions II through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Satisfied. D. Uninterested.12. A. It spoiled Juana's reputation. B. It copied her ideas without permission.C. It bought Juana's dishwashers.D. It wanted to share the dishwasher market.13. A. A successful business case. B. Juana's waterless laundry.C. A case against a global company.D. The worldwide dishwasher market.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following instructions.14. A. footprints. B. Food. C. Living insects. D. Orange seeds.15. A. Don't touch animals under any circumstances.B. Don't take away any natural objects from the park.C. Don't leave litter in the park or throw any off the boat.D. Don't transport animals from one island to another.16. A. To protect the guide's interest. B. To improve the unique environment.C. To ensure a trouble-free visit.D. To get rid of illegal behaviours.Keys: DBAABSection CDirections: In Section C, you will bear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Keys:17. India 18. Sweater 19.50 20. Ordinary 21. outstanding22. leave their countries 23. 17 million 24. career and familyII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. The two sportsmen congratulated each other______winning the match by shaking hands.A. withB. onC. inD. to【解析】此题考查短语congratulate sb. on/ upon sth./ doing sth.意思是“为某事向某人祝贺”，所以，选择介词on。

2008高考英语中译英280题答案

1. 虽然他们学到了许多英语单词的意思，但他们似乎不能用那种语言来思维。

（seem; think in the language）Though they have learned the meanings of some English words, they seem unable tothink in the language.2. 他在美国逗留时学到了一些美国英语。

(pick up)They picked up some American English during his stay in America.3. 他自己得出结论，而不是等待老师解释。

(form…conclusion; instead of) He formed his own conclusion instead of waiting for the teacher to explain.4. 狄克很聪明，但迄今为止他的语言学习并不成功。

(intelligent; less than successful)Dick is very intelligent but his language learning has been less than successfulso far.5. 据说学习一门语言的最好方法是和说那种语言的人交际。

(communicate with)It is said that the best way to learn a foreign language is to communicate withthe people who speak it.6. 当你去北京时，一定要腾出一整天去游颐和园。

(be sure to; set aside) When you go to Beijing, be sure to set aside a whole day to visit the Summer Palace.7. 她似乎忧虑的几乎不能集中思想学功课了。

上海历届高考英语翻译

2002高考1.当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。

（choice） At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist/travell er (for help)2.我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。

（occur）It never occurred / didn’t occur to me that Tom would/should be elected/made chairman of the Student’s Union.4.如果方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。

（convenient）If (it is) convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office/please go to the post office and fetch me the parcel.5.应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。

（apply）Students should be encouraged/We should encourage students to apply what they have lear ned in class to practice .6.如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。

（unless）Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match/final(s) unless t he team members strengthen their cooperation / cooperate well with each other.2003高考1．请尽早做出决定，不然你会坐失良机。

（or）Please make up your mind/make your decision as early as possible /you can , or you’ll miss the good/golden chance/opportunity .2．那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。

2008年高考试题——英语(上海卷)(精品解析)

08年春季上海外语口译考试高级口译笔译真题_听力原文及部分参考答案

听力原文：Section 1-Spot dictationSpot dictation:Today we will talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be discouraged from watching a lot of television. Many experts and parents agree. But there is at least one circumstance when that might be beneficial, muting pain. A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children who viewed cartoons immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers attempted to distract them during the procedure or children whose mothers were at present but did not interact with them.The research led by Carlo Brown MD at the University of Sienna is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. 69 children participated in the study. None received any type of anesthesia. The children and their mothers determine their pain scores. Both the groups whose mothers attempted to distract them form the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported substantially higher pain ratings than the group who watched the cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to tolerate the pain they did experience.One of the possible explanations is that children might have picked up on theirmothers anxiety during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. The higher pain level reported by children during mothers’ efforts at distraction shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively at a difficult moment in their children’s life, the authors write. However, they stress that the mother’s presence still provided benefits, noting that the children would appreciate not being left alone during the procedures. Indeed, children state that having their parent present provides the most comfort when in pain, say the authors.Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the pleasure of watching TV might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, biochemical compounds produced by the pituitary gland resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might function as natural pain killers. In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should consider allowing children to watch TV during painful procedures to minimize their distress.NewsQ1-5Female: Now let’s turn to eating habits. France is traditionally known as home of the two-hour, sit-down, mid-day meal, but nowadays it’s witnessing a boom in take-out sandwiches. At noon, customers line up outside Paris bakeries, waiting to buy long fan versions of a shrimp salad and fruit sandwich or other delicacies. The variation in eating habits is reflecting a deeper change in French society.Male: Right! It starts with the change in the workforce, so it’s a feminization, white-collarization, if I can say so.Female: The result has been a revolution in one of France’s core industries, the bakery. Formerly, bakeries here offered a limited range of albeit excellent products about four kinds of bread, breakfast, and dessert pastries. Now that’s just the start.Male: Au Pair Gourmet , a bakery on the corner of a market street, is in the ordinary working class area of Paris. It is eight in the morning, and the owner already has the slicer going, cutting bread for lunch sandwiches.Female: Every morning Au Pair Gourmet, with its glass cases stacked full, does so much sandwich business. The owner says she is just responding to the demands. She even tried making a four-course sandwich meal. It was a bit much for people to swallow.Male: Nowadays, people want to eat faster at noon, and leave earlier at the end of the day. Life is changing. We have to keep up. The changes include women making up almost half the labor force now, and men more likely to be working behind a jack hammer, not needing to eat so much.Female: They also have to pick up the children as early as possible from the day care center.Male: So basically, they look for something that’s very close to what is called fast food, and the interesting point is that the supply that has developed goes well beyond your basic MacDonald’s hamburgers.Female: For example. Au Pair Gourmet’s multi-shaped, multi-content sanwiches. They are obviously a hit with the lunch time customers who line up all the way onto the sidewalk. They agree this recent phenomenon is growing. It’s exploding, this kind of eating. Every baker offers sandwiches.Male: Because before it was only with ham and butter, and now we have salad and tomatoes. Because we eat sandwich, but it’s French products in it. Female: French products in it. That may be the key. Instead of being overrun by MacDonald at some field, the French have adapted the idea of fast food and made it their own.Q1: What is the main topic of the conversation?Q2: What is the reason behind the revolution in the bakery industry?Q3: Which of the following statements best describes the fast food supplying in France now?Q4: Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation? Q5: Why are the hamburgers offered by bakery such as “Au Pair Gourmet” so popular now?Q6-10Paris, FranceA 68-year-old man has been arrested in France on suspicion of killing 18 people, most of them gay, prosecutors said today. Nicolas Panard is suspected of killing 11 people in the eastern Alsace region, four in a neighboring region and three in the Paris area, the public prosecutor in the eastern town of Montbeliard said. Panard, who is gay, was arrested in the eastern city of Mulhouse. The murders took place between 1998 and 2006.Tokyo, JapanJapan's Upper House of Parliament voted yesterday to halt the country's air force transport mission in Iraq, intensifying the opposition bloc's standoff with the government over Tokyo's role in peacekeeping missions abroad.. The opposition-controlled Upper House approved the Democratic Party of Japan's bill to halt the mission in a vote 133-103 during a plenary session. However, the legislation is expected to be voted down when it goes to the more powerful Lower House where the ruling Liberal Democratic Party has enough votes to override the Upper Chamber's decision.United NationsDisaster-prone Bangladesh is among the countries most vulnerable to climate change, which could worsen water scarcity and force mass displacement, the United Nations said on Tuesday. The U.N. Development Program in its latest report warned that climate change will hit the world's poorest countries by breaking down agricultural systems, worsening water scarcity, increasing risksof diseases and triggering mass displacement due to recurring floods and storms. The report said more than 70 million Bangladeshis, 22 million Vietnamese, and 6 million Egyptians could be affected by globalwarming-related flooding.Washington, USUS President George W. Bush invited Israeli and Palestinian leaders to the White House to renew long-stalled peace talks yesterday but faced deep skepticism over chances for a deal before he leaves office. Bush would bring together Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas one day after a 44-nation conference where both pledged to try to forge a peace treaty by the end of 2008 that would create a Palestinian state. The White House talks were expected to wrap up three days of intense Middle East diplomacy that underscored Bush's aim of achieving in his final 14 months in office what has eluded US administrations for decades.Toronto, CanadaOnline shoppers reached a record this week as Canadian retailers cut prices as much as 60 percent to lure shoppers returning to work after the Thanksgiving holiday. ComScore Inc. said sales on retailers' websites rose 21% to $733 million on Nov. 26, the first Monday after Thanksgiving, as , Best Buy Co. and Circuit City Stores Inc. ran online promotions for high-definition televisions and leather jackets. Shoppers sought bargains in the face of rising gasoline prices and the worst housing slump since at least 1991. Companiescount on November and December for 20% of their profits, and they used lower prices to get consumers into stores and onto websites to start the Canadian holiday shopping season.Question 6: How many people were Nicolas Panard suspected to have killed when he was arrested?Question 7: What did Japan's Upper House of Parliament vote to do yesterday? Question 8: There might be several disastrous consequences due to global climate change. Which of the following is NOT one of these consequences mentioned in the news?Question 9: Why did President Bush invite Israeli and Palestinian leaders to the White House?Question 10: What percentage did sales on retailers' websites increase on Nov. 26, the first Monday after Thanksgiving?Q11-15W: Tomas, because you are a lawyer, I want to get you opinion about crime control, and what I'd like to know is what do you think really works, not for hardened criminals, but for first time offenders?M: Well, you are asking me a pretty complex question. The first step of course is deterrence, to stop people from committing crimes in the first place. Thatinvolves the economy, are there enough jobs for everyone? They should be, and social structure. Are there enough support systems? And so on.W: And what about when people are convicted, and put in Prison?M: Then the goal should be to have rehabilitation programs inside prisons, so that when the person comes out, they don't return to a life of crime. The problem is that recently, the kinds of programs that existed in the past, like education programs and drug treatment programs have been cut. And so convicted criminals are not being rehabilitated.W: Can you explain a little more about these education programs and drug programs?M: Yes, in some states where the drug laws are very harsh, you end up having a lot of people in prisons, who are not the kingpins of drug deals, but who are actually drug addicts. The point is that they need help, that's why there need to be programs that have a psychological component, and an educational component. Because without these programs people don't became rehabilitated. The prisoners have a lot of time on their hands, and a culture developed inside the prison; it takes on a life of its own, and gang start. You see gangs provide a family away from home, but we need to make prison a less repressive experience. Then we also need bridge programs.W: Bridge programs?M: Yes, for when they come out of prison, what is clear statistically is that most criminals are recidivists. That means they are repeated offenders. People go into prison, get out and go right back in again. Bridge programs help with housing and jobs. So that society doesn't look at released prisoners in such a disdainful way. And So that no stigma is attached to them once they reenter society. But unfortunately, there are only a very small number of these programs.Question 11: On what topic is the man being interviewed?Question 12: According to the man, there are several elements which are related to abduction in crime, which of the following is not one of these elements? Question 13: What problem is there inside prisons according to the interview? Question14: Which of the following statements is true about education and drug programs?Question15: According to the man, why is there a need for bridge programs?Q16-20Today let's talk about how to actually get a job. You need to be able to participate well in an interview because in most jobs you'll need to interact with colleagues and clients not only face to face but in telephone conversations too. You'll need to express yourself well and have excellent control of what you want to say and how to say it. These skills are needed more than ever in today's high-pressure world. Each company where you have an interview will expect you to know something about the work they do and have intelligent questionsand comments during the interview. And when they hire you, you will be expected to complete multiple tasks and be willing to move around and work in different areas of the company.Of course, there are also certain technological skills that are expected of people today. Every situation is unique, but let's take as an example a position in an office environment. This type of position requires basic to advanced knowledge of computer applications. You have to know how to write a simple but professional-looking letter and you have to know how to put together a presentation and Microsoft power-point with basic facts and organized data in a spread-sheet program. Advanced users should know how to create and organize a database.If you're looking for any type of administrator of work, you can forget about the good old days of paper calendars, roller desks and file cabinets. Now we have links to digital databases that store all the information that used to be kept on paper, such as appointments, clients, records and other important information. Many departments use spread-sheet programs to keep track of all transactions, costs and profits. These programs are essential to an organization's survival as well as your career's survival.Let's continue with our basic example of a typical job in an office. Now that you know about the skills necessary to be productive in the office of the 21st century, you must have a plan for how to acquire these skills. The first thing you should have in mind is that in the same manner that technology has become a vital part of a modern organization's life, it should also become part of yours. Whenevergiven a chance, you should enhance your key-board skills, E-mail your friends, practice with power-point, try making simple posters to announce an event, like a party or some activity that you and your friends will do together. You can even practice with pre-made data bases, by storing telephone numbers and addresses. The best advice I can give anyone is to play with the computer in your free time and become familiar with its operating system, software and hardware. Try to figure out what each program does and how to use it to your benefit. A computer class, on the level of your expertise, is also recommended to perfect those skills you learned on your own. Learning more advanced functions is highly recommended as well. It's easy to look through books and free editorials found on the Internet. Even office-users can learn how to create professional-looking flyers, business cards and other documents you'll need in the workplace.Q16: What is the main topic of this talk?Q17: Apart from being expected to complete multiple tasks and work in different areas of the company, what other skills are employees expected to have?Q18: If you take a position in an office, which of the following are you supposed to display?Q19: What's the advice the speaker gives at the end of his talk?Q20: Who are the most likely audience for this talk?SECTION 4NTGFI'm Diana Winston, a Cherokee medicine priest. I'd like to say something about the Cherokee beliefs regarding the environment and conservation. Basically Cherokee tradition tells us we are part of the nature and we depend on nature for our life. So we don't compete with it and we are not trying to tame it. We are trying to live with it. It's different from our contemporary view that nature exists for the benefit of people. We believe that we are part of what we call great life. And as part of the great life, we are as important as everything else, but certainly no more important than anything else. And we feel that within the great life, there are what we call the laws of nature. We believe that there are many laws of nature. But there are three great laws of nature. And those are the laws that tell us how we have to live in harmony with everything else.The first law of nature is that you don't take any life without a real reason. And a real reason would be for food, for medicine, for protection. Those would be the reasons for taking life. But basically life is sacred. So we shouldn't kill needlessly. That would absolutely include plants. We believe everything is alive. In fact, we believe stones are alive, trees are alive, plants are alive, animals are obviously alive. And so to us, taking the life of a plant is just as a grave responsibility as taking the life of an animal. And all of those things should be done in a sacred way and in a good way. So for instance, when you go to gather a plant, you don't want to go and say, "wow, here's a whole patch of plants." And go and gather them all. You gather a few and then you gather a few from another spot, leavingthe majority of the plants so that they can grow and continue to provide not only for themselves but for us and for our children and for their children.The second law is that everything we do should serve the great life. Well, what we mean is that we believe that there is one spirit that fills all things: humans, plants, rocks, whatever. And the some and all of that and more is what we call the great life. And so we all are a part of the same great life. And everything we do affects the great life. And everything that happens within the great life affects us. So it's very very important that within the second law of nature that what we do will not harm other parts of the great life. Well, I could give a lot of examples and on a very personal simple level. An example could be for instance. Lots of people might go out and get an electric toothbrush. Uh, maybe it works a little bit better. It certainly easier: the toothbrush does all the work for you. But I have a manual toothbrush and I've used one for my whole life. And it works just fine. To use the electricity necessary to power that electric toothbrush requires coal or nuclear power that harms the air. It harms the water. It harms the great life.The third law basically is that we don' t pollute where we live. And where we live is not just our home. It's not just our intimate small community. It's not just our country. It's this planet. This sacred altar we call the earth. We don't pool chemical waste down the stream because they all wind up in the water. So basically we don't pollute the earth.Well, it might seem a little difficult to live by those three laws today in this industrialized society. But the Cherokee didn't have a problem with plastic. Wedidn't have plastic. We didn't have a lot of the things that exist today. We still have a lot of options. There are small things that each of us can do. Things like recycling. Things like choosing what we buy and buying things carefully. There are other things we can do. Instead of using the car for every short trip to the store, save them up so we use the car as little as possible. We can do things like organic gardening. We can do things to create greater community within our communities. There are a lot of things that we can do to bring these laws into our lives. And alternately our lives really depend on these. The great life can live without us, but we can't live without the great life.句子听译原文和答案：1、The report notes that obesity can lead to potentially fatal health problems including diabetes, stroke and cancer. But unfortunately, the obesity epidemic in America is getting worse.报道指出，肥胖导致的健康问题有可能是致命的，如糖尿病、中风以及癌症。

2008年高考英语知识运用部分综合试题总体分析试题精解全文翻译[12套]

2008年高考英语知识运用部分综合试题总体分析试题精解全文翻译[12套]Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) from each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)一、美陪审团制度As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a “common law”, or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury, a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an__4__ part of our common-law system.Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries, many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__, as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after “__10__”, or discussions among a group of people, the jury’s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds, who must as a group decide what is right.Juries are used in both civil cases, which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens, and criminal cases, which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors, consisting of __16__ numbers, are called for each case requiring a jury.The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states,__19__jurors are questioned by the judge; in others, they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.1. ［A］ other than ［B］ rather than ［C］ more than ［D］ or rather2. ［A］ agency ［B］ organization ［C］ institution ［D］ authority3. ［A］ panel ［B］ crew ［C］ band ［D］ flock4. ［A］ innate ［B］ intact ［C］ integral ［D］integrated5. ［A］discriminating［B］distinguishing ［C］determining ［D］diminishing6. ［A］ in ［B］ by ［C］ after ［D］ over7. ［A］ that ［B］ which ［C］ than ［D］ as8. ［A］ alike ［B］ alone ［C］ altogether ［D］ apart9. ［A］ Although ［B］ Because ［C］ If ［D］ While10.［A］ deliberations ［B］ meditations ［C］ reflections ［D］speculations11.［A］ outline ［B］ outcome ［C］ input ［D］ intake12.［A］ arguments ［B］ controversies ［C］ disputes ［D］hostilities13.［A］ fellow ［B］ individual ［C］ personal ［D］ private14.［A］ asserting ［B］ alleging ［C］ maintaining ［D］testifying15.［A］ assembled ［B］ evoked ［C］ rallied ［D］ summoned16.［A］ set ［B］ exact ［C］ given ［D］placed17.［A］ allocated ［B］ allotted ［C］ appointed ［D］assigned18.［A］administers ［B］manages ［C］oversees ［D］presides19.［A］ inspective ［B］ irrespective ［C］ perspective ［D］prospective20.［A］ bodies ［B］ parties ［C］ sides ［D］ units答案1. B2. D3. A4. C5. B6. D7.C8.B9. B 10. A11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B总体分析本文介绍了美国的陪审团制度。

上海高考英语翻译汇总

上海高考英语翻译汇总（2000-20XX年）高考英语翻译在高考中占据着怎样的一个分量呢？我以一个过来人的身份告诉大家，高考英语翻译绝对是好拿分的部分，这部分的分数不应该丢，平日只要积累好语法知识，再掌握一定的方法，这部分就可以拿下。

（2011春考）1. 昨天晚上我们欣赏了一台精彩的演出。

(enjoy)We enjoyed a wonderful performance last night.2. 因为大雾，通往南京的高速公路关闭了。

(due to)The highway to Nanjing is/was/has been closed due to the heavy fog.3. 虽然他并不富裕，但还是尽力帮助贫困地区的学生。

(do one’s best)Though he is/was not rich, he does/did his best to help the students in poor areas.4. 据说，中国人比西方人更早使用纸币。

(It)It is said that Chinese started to use notes/paper money earlier than westerners.5. 经历了多次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。

(until)People didn’t come to realize the importance of planting trees until they (had) experienced a number of serious natural disasters.（2011高考）1. 你为什么不在网上订票? (Why)Why not / Why don’t you book tickets online / reserve the ticket(s) on the Internet?2. 我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。

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2008年上海高考英语试题翻译、写作解析与备考建议翻译1.我们打篮球的时间到了。

（time）It is time for us to play basketball.It is time we played basketball.以上这两个短语应该是初中阶段就已经学过的，对于一个正常学习的高三生来说应该没有任何困难，基本可以算作是“送分题”。

2.他设法把乘客及时送到了机场。

（manage）He managed to send the passengers to the airport in time.“设法做某事”的翻译是manage to do…这个也是初中水平的短语。

另外，需要注意in time和on time的区别。

前者是及时的意思，或者则解释为按时。

3.你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？（possible）Is it possible for you to attend/ come to my birthday party this evening/tonight?单纯翻译“能否做某事”，考生可能会想到…can do sth或者be able to do sth等短语，但是括号里给出了possible这个单词，就要想如何用这个词表达能否做某事的含义，即做某事是否可能。

It is possible for sb to do sth这个短语也是高中里很重要的一个表达。

类似的考查在历年高考中曾经出现过。

例如在2002年的高考翻译中就出现过这样的翻译：如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。

（unless）(It will be impossible for the basketball team of our school to beat the opponent unless the team members strengthen their cooperation.)此处出现了“某人不可能做某事”怎么翻译，即it is impossible for sb to do sth.2003年高考翻译中出现过这样的翻译：那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。

（It…）(It’s very difficult/hard for those who haven’t been to the small village to describe its beauty .)此处出现了“某人很难做某事”的翻译，即it is difficult for sb to do sth.考生如果做过2002年和2003年的这两个考题，对于今年这个翻译应该不会存在什么困难。

这也再次证明了高考前认真做历年真题的必要性。

4.应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。

（encourage）这个句子有一个特点，就是没有主语，这也是中文句子的一个特色。

面对此类没有主语的句子怎么处理？笔者在新东方高考写作第二轮复习班上专门讲过如何翻译没有主语的句子，其中一个情况就是使用被动句，强调受动者，而不必出现施动者。

例如笔者曾在课上讲过的2002年一个翻译真题：应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学知识运用到实践中去。

（apply）（The students should be encouraged to apply what they have learnt in classes into practice.）同理，今年这个题目可以翻译为：The young people/ youngsters should be encouraged to choose their careers according to/ based on their own strong points/ strengths.5.我对学生所谈论的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。

（ignorant）Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind/ outdated/ out of date.或I am totally ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, and/so I find myself left behind/ outdated/ out of date.这个句子的翻译对很多考生有些难度。

首先是成语和俗语的翻译：“一无所知”和“落伍”。

另外，很多同学对于ignorant这个词的用法不甚熟悉。

对于成语和俗语的翻译，笔者在新东方课堂上讲过“得意忘形”的翻译原则，即把握其核心意思，而不用在乎其形式如何。

例如一无所知就是对…完全不了解。

有同学可能因此想到了know nothing about…这样的短语，但是因为括号里给出了ignorant这个词，所以必须使用这个词语。

这就牵涉到考生对词组的掌握程度了。

词汇和语法基础如果不牢固，必然会导致高考翻译的失分。

6.尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。

（Although…）Although we are suffering such a serious/severe natural disaster, we will eventually smoothaway/overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don't/never lose heart.最后一个句子貌似比较难，因为句子比较长。

但是，高考翻译中的长句子都是纸老虎，大家只要判断句子之间的逻辑关系，然后用合适的连接词（或者介词短语，非谓语动词等）把句子给连接起来，整个句子就搞定了。

另外，本题对于基本词汇和词组的掌握又有所考查，如果考生对一些词的翻译不甚了解，可能会导致失分，例如“遭受”、“灰心”、“克服”、“暂时”这些词的翻译。

在翻译长句子时还有很重要的一点就是不要漏掉重要信息，这需要考生在翻译时对句子的细节有精准的把握，翻译完后再对照一下中英文意思，看有没有遗漏重要信息。

如何备战2009年高考？1.对于基本词汇和词组的掌握一定要扎实。

高考翻译考查的其实主要还是基本的词汇和词组的应用，凡是在翻译方面失分多的考生往往都是因为基本的词汇、词组掌握不牢，或者语法功底不够扎实。

有些同学可能在背词汇和词组方面也花了很多功夫，但是在翻译或者写作的时候却依然不会用一些词组或者词汇以及句型等。

这可能就跟英语学习的方法有关系了。

有些同学检验自己是否掌握某个知识点或者语法点的方式似乎就是通过做语法或词汇的选择题，这种学习英语的思维是完全错误的。

在这里我推荐大家可以通过背例文、例句以及自己仿写的方式来积累词汇、词组、句式等。

这不但对于高考写作和翻译至关重要，对于搞定词汇语法题目、阅读等也很有意义。

例如笔者在课上讲翻译中倒装句的使用时就发现很多同学对于部分倒装的句子的语序掌握不牢固，导致2006年中一个翻译真题的失分，即“这小孩子太调皮,使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱(So)”（So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.）。

为了掌握这个语法点，笔者就推荐大家把这个真题答案背下来，并推荐了来自新概念教材第三册第46课中的一个句子供大家背，即So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labor. 如果考生背过这样的句子的话在2008年高考做到以下这个选择填空的时候应该感到得心应手：So much of interest ___ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.（offers Beijing/ Beijing offers/ does Beijing offer/ Beijing does offer答案是C）2.细做真题与模拟题。

对于做真题和模拟题的方法，笔者在课上讲过五步练习法，供大家参考：（1）做（2）对答案（3）找出自己的出错点以及题目的考点。

所谓找考点就是找出这个句子考查的重点以及能作为一般规律应用到今后做翻译题中的地方。

例如做08年第三题就总结出了it is…for sb to do…这个用法，做08年第4题就可以总结出如何翻译无主语句子。

（4）针对出错点和考点，自己造句子（5）背下原句和自己造的句子（正确的前提下）3.掌握一定的翻译技巧。

例如“得意忘形”、名词化、如何翻译长句的技巧等，这些都在新东方翻译写作课上有所讲解。

写作2008上海高考英语卷写作题：你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛（group dancing competition）,班长希望大家积极参与。

对此谈谈你的看法。

你的文章必须包括以下内容：l. 你是否会参加比赛；2. 你做出该决定的具体理由。

第 3 页共5 页Version 1:A group dancing competition will be held in our school and the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part in it. While most of my classmates are still hesitating whether to participate, I have said yes to our monitor with great pleasure.Generally speaking, there are two reasons for my decision. First, it is a good opportunity for me to relax myself, which will enable me to study more efficiently. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, so goes the saying, which clearly shows us the importance of relaxation. Besides, I think I am a good dancer after learning dance for more than five years. Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions to the class.For the two reasons mentioned above, it is no surprise that I have such a strong enthusiasmon the group dancing competition.Version 2:Today the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part in the group dancing competition which will be held in a couple of days in our school. But after some careful consideration, I have decided not to participate.There are a number of reasons for my decision. First and foremost, as the College Entrance Exam is just around the corner, study is the top priority for me. Participating in the group dancing competition has to give way because it might take me too much time. What’s more, without any experience of dancing, I don’t think I can be a good dancing partner. I am afraid my poor dancing skills will probably spoil the performance of the wh ole class. In this case, it’s better for me to be a spectator cheering for my classmates.For these reasons, it seems more appropriate for me to watch the competition than to dance myself.我认为今年的上海市高考英语写作部分其实比2002年以来的所有题目都简单，更容易写作。