2016中职教材汽车专业英语(高教版 黄立新主编)课件：第三章 底盘
It is easier for your motor to push a light car than a big, heavy one.原来的意思是“你的马达超过大 推动一辆轻的汽车是比较容易的, 重的”。看懂句子后翻 译为“汽车轻便，那么发动机带动时比较容易，而汽车笨 重，则带动比较困难”。 你不会愿意让你的车子笨重不堪吧。汽车轻便，那么发动 机带动时比较容易，而汽车笨重，则带动比较困难。对汽 车而言，重要的是高效率，而且，你更不愿意浪费能量。
waste energy wind depend shape emphasize material construction stiff bend v. n. n. v. n. v. n. n. a. v. 浪费 能量 风 取决于 形状 强调 材料 结构 硬的 弯曲
译文及评析
The car's chassis is its frame. It holds all of the main components, or parts, together. CONCEPTS: Weight and Stiffness
词类转译是英汉翻译中常见的译词技巧，“strong”， “stiff”是形容词，而在汽车上指的是力学概念“强度”，“ 硬度”。 材料的强度和硬度有什么不同呢？强度指的是材料的不易 折断；硬度指的是材料的不易弯曲。
stiff: [ stif ] a. 坚硬的,严厉的,呆板的, ad. 僵硬地,彻底地 词形变化: 1.形容词:stiffish 2.副词:stiffly 3.形容词比较级:stiffer 最高级:stiffest 名词:stiffness
Shoes are often stiff when they are new. Her rather stiff manner puts people off. I cannot play the piano like I used to---my fingers have gone stiff from lack of practice.
3.1 Chassis
背景知识 生词 译文及评析 作业
背景知识
In the case of vehicles, the term chassis means the frame plus the "running gear" like engine, transmission, driveshaft, differential, and suspension.
CHAPTER THREE 3.1 Chassis
CHASSIS
3.2 How Clutch Packs Work 3.3 What Is Transmission 3.4 How Brakes Work 3.5 How Car Steering Works 3.6 Why You Need a Differential
生词
chassis frame component concept stiffness design involve tradeoff motor efficiency n. n. n. n. n. v. v. n. n. n. 底盘 框架 零件 概念 硬度 设计 包含着 折衷 发动机 效率
生词
tradeoff: n. 权衡(折衷,换位,比较评定,放弃,交换)。 注意“意译”，不能翻译成类似“当您修造您的汽车的时 候, 设计和修造介入交易”。而应该灵活翻译。
在制造汽车的时候，你会发现一件事情：你的设计和制造 包含着折衷，根本没有理想的设计方案。
译文及评析
You don't want your car too heavy. It is easier for your motor to push a light car than a big, heavy one. In cars, efficiency is very important, and you don't want to waste energy.
components, parts意思是“零件”。 汽车的底盘就是汽车的框架。它把汽车的主要零件、部件 结合在一起。 基本概念 重量和硬度
Байду номын сангаас 译文及评析
One thing you will discover when you build your car is that designing and building involves tradeoffs. There is no one ideal design.
译文及评析
But something you must also keep in mind is that a light car can be pushed easily by wind, too. (This depends not only on the weight, but on where the weight is, and the shape of the body, too.)
on where the weight is意思是“重量在什么地方”也就是 “重心的位置”。
但是你必须记住：汽车太轻，也可能一阵风就能轻易推动 它。（这不仅与重量有关，而且重心的位置和车身的形状 也有关系）
译文及评析
Materials In most cases it is more difficult to make the car light enough， so we will emphasize lightweight materials and construction. The first step to a lightweight chassis is in choosing the right materials.
lightweight：轻量级，翻译为“轻巧的”。 材料 在大多数情况下，要使整车十分轻巧是比较困难的，因此 我们会关注轻巧的材料和结构。先从挑选轻型材料做底盘 开始。
译文及评析
What is the difference between strong and stiff? Strong means it will not break easily. Stiff means it will not bend easily.
waste energy wind depend shape emphasize material construction stiff bend v. n. n. v. n. v. n. n. a. v. 浪费 能量 风 取决于 形状 强调 材料 结构 硬的 弯曲
译文及评析
The car's chassis is its frame. It holds all of the main components, or parts, together. CONCEPTS: Weight and Stiffness
词类转译是英汉翻译中常见的译词技巧，“strong”， “stiff”是形容词，而在汽车上指的是力学概念“强度”，“ 硬度”。 材料的强度和硬度有什么不同呢？强度指的是材料的不易 折断；硬度指的是材料的不易弯曲。
stiff: [ stif ] a. 坚硬的,严厉的,呆板的, ad. 僵硬地,彻底地 词形变化: 1.形容词:stiffish 2.副词:stiffly 3.形容词比较级:stiffer 最高级:stiffest 名词:stiffness
Shoes are often stiff when they are new. Her rather stiff manner puts people off. I cannot play the piano like I used to---my fingers have gone stiff from lack of practice.
3.1 Chassis
背景知识 生词 译文及评析 作业
背景知识
In the case of vehicles, the term chassis means the frame plus the "running gear" like engine, transmission, driveshaft, differential, and suspension.
CHAPTER THREE 3.1 Chassis
CHASSIS
3.2 How Clutch Packs Work 3.3 What Is Transmission 3.4 How Brakes Work 3.5 How Car Steering Works 3.6 Why You Need a Differential
生词
chassis frame component concept stiffness design involve tradeoff motor efficiency n. n. n. n. n. v. v. n. n. n. 底盘 框架 零件 概念 硬度 设计 包含着 折衷 发动机 效率
生词
tradeoff: n. 权衡(折衷,换位,比较评定,放弃,交换)。 注意“意译”，不能翻译成类似“当您修造您的汽车的时 候, 设计和修造介入交易”。而应该灵活翻译。
在制造汽车的时候，你会发现一件事情：你的设计和制造 包含着折衷，根本没有理想的设计方案。
译文及评析
You don't want your car too heavy. It is easier for your motor to push a light car than a big, heavy one. In cars, efficiency is very important, and you don't want to waste energy.
components, parts意思是“零件”。 汽车的底盘就是汽车的框架。它把汽车的主要零件、部件 结合在一起。 基本概念 重量和硬度
Байду номын сангаас 译文及评析
One thing you will discover when you build your car is that designing and building involves tradeoffs. There is no one ideal design.
译文及评析
But something you must also keep in mind is that a light car can be pushed easily by wind, too. (This depends not only on the weight, but on where the weight is, and the shape of the body, too.)
on where the weight is意思是“重量在什么地方”也就是 “重心的位置”。
但是你必须记住：汽车太轻，也可能一阵风就能轻易推动 它。（这不仅与重量有关，而且重心的位置和车身的形状 也有关系）
译文及评析
Materials In most cases it is more difficult to make the car light enough， so we will emphasize lightweight materials and construction. The first step to a lightweight chassis is in choosing the right materials.
lightweight：轻量级，翻译为“轻巧的”。 材料 在大多数情况下，要使整车十分轻巧是比较困难的，因此 我们会关注轻巧的材料和结构。先从挑选轻型材料做底盘 开始。
译文及评析
What is the difference between strong and stiff? Strong means it will not break easily. Stiff means it will not bend easily.
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汽车专业英语Unit 3 PPT
transmission system
传动系统
driving system
行驶系统
steering system
转向系统
braking system
制动系统
PART THREE-TEXT(阅读资料)
The Structure of the Chassis The chassis is a very important part of the automobile．All
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
PART THREE-TEXT(阅读资料)
The transmission system is to transmit the power from the engine to the wheels to move the vehicle．This action will propel the vehicle in a forward or reverse direction．The main components of the transmission system are the clutch， transmission, differential, universal joint, half axle and driving shaft．
PART TWO-STUDY PREPARATION（学习准备）
1.New Words to learn
chassis [ˈʃæsis] n. （车辆的）底盘; （飞机的）起落架; foundation [faunˈdeiʃən] n. 地基; 基础; 基金（会）; 粉底; transmission [trænsˈmɪʃən, trænz-] n. 播送; 传送; 传动装置; suspension [səˈspenʃən] n. 悬浮; 暂停; 悬架; 悬浮液; composition [ˌkɑ:mpəˈzɪʃn] n. 作文，作曲; 创作; 构图，布
汽车专业英语unit3
Brake System（制动系）
3.4.1 Brake（制动器）
3.4.2 Parking Brake（驻车制动）
End of Unit3
xxxxxx学校unitchassis底盘31powertrainsystemappliescomponentsneededdrivefromroadwheelsincludingclutchtransmissiondriveshaftuniversaljointdriveaxleaxleshaftgearbox变速器manualtransmissionmt手动变速器automatictransmissiondriveaxle驱动桥finaldrive主减速器universalgearing万向传动装置universaljoint万向节suspension汽车悬架steeringsystem转向系331steeringgear转向器332powersteeringgear动力转向系brakesystem制动系341brake制动器342parkingbrake驻车制
Part 1 Automotive Basics 第1部分 汽车基础
Unit 3 Chassis (底盘)
3.1Power Train System（传动系统）
The power train system applies to the components needed to transfer the drive from the engine to the road wheels, including clutch, transmission, drive shaft, universal joint, drive axle, axle shaft and so on.
汽车专业英语 PPT课件 -Unit 3
Automobile body electrical system includes many power control systems such as wiper and washer system, powower door lock control system, power mirror control system, power seat system and so on.
Fig. 3-3-2 Body Electrical Wire Harness Layout and Parts Location（车身电器线束布局和部件位置）（b）
1-power window control SW rear LH 2-power window motor rear LH 3-tweeter speaker LH 4-remote control mirror LH 5-comb mirror light LH 6-personal light rear LH 7-remote control mirror RH 8-comb mirror light RH 9-rear door speaker RH 10-tweeter speaker RH 11-power window control SW rear RH 12-personal light
Automobile body electrical system includes many power control systems such as wiper and washer system, power window control system, power door lock control system, power mirror control system, power seat system and so on.
Fig. 3-3-2 Body Electrical Wire Harness Layout and Parts Location（车身电器线束布局和部件位置）（b）
1-power window control SW rear LH 2-power window motor rear LH 3-tweeter speaker LH 4-remote control mirror LH 5-comb mirror light LH 6-personal light rear LH 7-remote control mirror RH 8-comb mirror light RH 9-rear door speaker RH 10-tweeter speaker RH 11-power window control SW rear RH 12-personal light
Automobile body electrical system includes many power control systems such as wiper and washer system, power window control system, power door lock control system, power mirror control system, power seat system and so on.
2016中职教材汽车使用性能与检测(高教版)课件：第3章 汽车行驶安全性及检测
（３） 过多转向的汽车直线行驶时，如果车速低于临界车速，当有偶
然侧向力FＲy 作用于汽车重心时，由于α Ａ ＜α Ｂ ，汽车将朝侧向力 的相反方向偏转，如图所示。离心力FＣ 的侧向分力FＣy 总是与FＲy 同向，使侧向偏离增加，Rα 减小，离心力再增加使Rα 进一步减小。 如果车速达到或超过临界车速，这种恶性循环的不断进行将导致汽车侧
４．车轮制动器的影响 车轮制动器的摩擦副、制动鼓的构造和材料、结构形式、制动摩擦片的 表面、制动器的间隙 ５．制动初速度的影响 ６．利用发动机制动 ７．道路条件的影响 道路的附着系数限制了最大制动力，故它对汽车的制动性有很大的影响。 ８．驾驶技术的影响
第二节 汽车的操纵稳定性
一、汽车操纵稳定性的评价指标 通常认为汽车的操纵稳定性包含互相联系的两个部分：一是操纵性，二
３．过多转向 若前轮的侧偏角小于后轮的侧偏角，即α Ａ＜α Ｂ,则Rα ＜R， 称为过多转向。具有过多转向特性的汽车有如下的行驶特点： （１） 当转向盘转角固定不变，汽车以不同的固定车速行驶时，其 转向半径小于具有刚性车轮的汽车在同样条件下的转向半径，并且车速 增高时转向半径减小，当转向盘转角固定，汽车加速行驶时，随车速的 提高，其转向半径将越来越小，最后导致汽车侧滑。 （２） 为使过多转向的汽车沿给定半径的圆周行驶，其所需转向轮 转角应随车速的提高而减小，即驾驶员应随车速提高不断减小转向盘转 角。当行驶速度达到某一数值时，其转向盘和转向轮应返回到中间位置， 此车速称为临界车速。过多转向的汽车达到临界车速时，只要有微小的 转向轮转角也将导致极大的横摆角速度（汽车绕转向中心转动的角速 度），这将意味着转向半径越来越小，汽车发生急转，故过多转向的汽 车有失去稳定性的危险。
是稳定性。操纵性是指汽车能够准确地响应驾驶员转向指令的能力，稳定性 是指汽车受到外界扰动（路面扰动或突然阵风扰动）后恢复原来运动状态的 能力，两者很难断然分开。稳定性好坏直接影响操纵性的好坏，因此通常只 笼统地将两者称为操纵稳定性。
汽车专业英语三单元课件
The (good, better, b√est) way to protect kids in a car is to
use the right seat, at the right time, and use it the right way.
Part Two Conversations
1. Directions: Work in pairs. Practice the following dialogue about car logos.
Using conventional seatbelts can also (case, cute) harm because they’re Hale Waihona Puke esigned for adults.
cTah√uesye,can
even suffocate children in a strong collision. Such dangers
the age of 12.”
When using child safety seats one belt crosses the child’s
upper (signs, thi√ghs, sighs) and another goes over the chest.
In general, kids should ride in the back seat until they’re 13, and use a car safety seat if they’re less than 1.45 meters tall.
Automobile Technology Research Center:
“Child safety seats can confine the movement of a child in
use the right seat, at the right time, and use it the right way.
Part Two Conversations
1. Directions: Work in pairs. Practice the following dialogue about car logos.
Using conventional seatbelts can also (case, cute) harm because they’re Hale Waihona Puke esigned for adults.
cTah√uesye,can
even suffocate children in a strong collision. Such dangers
the age of 12.”
When using child safety seats one belt crosses the child’s
upper (signs, thi√ghs, sighs) and another goes over the chest.
In general, kids should ride in the back seat until they’re 13, and use a car safety seat if they’re less than 1.45 meters tall.
Automobile Technology Research Center:
“Child safety seats can confine the movement of a child in
汽车专业英语电子课件Unit 3
Piston
• (1) Provide a moving seal for the combustion chamber against the crankcase. • (2) Absorb [əb'sɔ:b] the gas pressure generated during combustion and transmit it to the crankshaft via['vaiə] the connecting rod .
Piston
• The Engine Piston receives the pressure from the burning air-fuel mixture and converts this pressure into reciprocating [rɪ'sɪprə,keɪt] motion. Pistons serve several['sevrəl] purposes['pə:pəs]:
Crankshaft
• The crankshaft is the main rotating member of the engine. Connecting rods are attached to the crankshaft. This is where reciprocating energy is converted to rotating energy.
The Timing Gear
• The timing gear, in most engines is housed in a special case fitted at the front end of the engine. • The engine timing gear controls the moment and the duration of the intake of fresh gases and the moment and the duration [djuə'reiʃən] of the discharge of exhaust gases.
中职学校汽车专业英语5、底盘篇.pptx
• 13、志不立，天下无可成之事。20.9.2220.9.2211:19:1511:19:15September 22, 2020
• 14、Thank you very much for taking me with you on that splendid outing to London. It was the first time that I had seen the Tower or any of the other famous sights. If I'd gone alone, I couldn't have seen nearly as much, because I wouldn't have known my way about.
豪华客车---RR方式
Rear-mounted engine and rear-wheel drive (即发机机后置、后轮驱动)
越野车—nWD方式 full-wheel driving (即全轮驱劝，n表示车轮数量)
赛车--MR方式(即发动机中置、后轮驱动) Mid-set engine and rear-wheel drive
2、行驶系统traveling system
车架vehicle frame
车桥vehicle axle
车轮wheel
悬架 suspension
独立悬架independent suspension、
非独立悬架dependent suspension、
独立悬架independent suspension
非独立悬架dependent suspension
减震器shock absorber
3、转向系统turning system或者 Steering system
34640课件 汽车专业英语(第3版)
中国职业技术教育学会科研项目优秀成果
汽车专业英语
高等职业技术教育研究会 审 定
黄 星 黄汽驰 主 编
田洁
主审
Contents
Unit 1 Introduction to Cars Unit 2 Introduction to Automobile Engine Unit 3 Lubrication and Cooling Se Train Unit 5 Automotive Ignition System
Automobile English
Unit 1 Introduction to Cars
Passage A Kinds of Cars
Figure 1-5 Ford: Focus
Figure 1-6 Toyota: Corolla
Figure 1-7 Volkswagen: Sagitar
Automobile English
Figure1-8 Volkswagen: Golf7
Unit 1 Introduction to Cars
Passage A Kinds of Cars
Intermediates
Also called mid-sized cars, intermediates provide what many consider to be the best trade-off between economy and comfort. Parking maneuverability and fuel economy are superior to the full-size models, while maintenance access, roominess and long-trip comfort are better than those of the compacts and subcompacts. Intermediates have room for five adults and a large trunk (boot). Engines are more powerful than compact cars and 6-cylinder engines are more common than in smaller cars. Car sizes vary from region to region; in Europe, large family cars are rarely over 4700 mm long, while in North America they may be well over 4800 mm.
汽车专业英语
高等职业技术教育研究会 审 定
黄 星 黄汽驰 主 编
田洁
主审
Contents
Unit 1 Introduction to Cars Unit 2 Introduction to Automobile Engine Unit 3 Lubrication and Cooling Se Train Unit 5 Automotive Ignition System
Automobile English
Unit 1 Introduction to Cars
Passage A Kinds of Cars
Figure 1-5 Ford: Focus
Figure 1-6 Toyota: Corolla
Figure 1-7 Volkswagen: Sagitar
Automobile English
Figure1-8 Volkswagen: Golf7
Unit 1 Introduction to Cars
Passage A Kinds of Cars
Intermediates
Also called mid-sized cars, intermediates provide what many consider to be the best trade-off between economy and comfort. Parking maneuverability and fuel economy are superior to the full-size models, while maintenance access, roominess and long-trip comfort are better than those of the compacts and subcompacts. Intermediates have room for five adults and a large trunk (boot). Engines are more powerful than compact cars and 6-cylinder engines are more common than in smaller cars. Car sizes vary from region to region; in Europe, large family cars are rarely over 4700 mm long, while in North America they may be well over 4800 mm.
汽车底盘构造与维修课件 中职版
汽车底盘构造与维修课件中职版第一部分：汽车底盘构造1.定义：汽车底盘是指汽车上部构造与汽车下部构造之间的连接部分，包括底板、梁柱、车架等组成。
2.组成部分：a.底板：汽车底盘的主梁结构，负责承受车身的重量，通过连接其他底盘构件提供结构强度。
b.梁柱：底盘上的垂直构件，在车身中起支撑和连接作用。
c.车架：底盘的骨架，由长梁和横梁组成，提供汽车的稳定性和强度。
d.悬挂系统：连接底盘和车轮的部分，包括弹簧、减震器等，用于减少车身对不平路面的冲击。
e.转向系统：包括转向机构和转向系统，用于控制车轮的转向和转向角度。
f.刹车系统：用于减速和停车，包括制动盘、制动片等部件。
g.传动系统：包括变速器、传动轴、差速器等，用于将发动机的动力传递给车轮。
h.轮胎：汽车与路面直接接触的部分，提供牵引力和减震。
3.底盘的重要性：底盘是汽车整车的基础，对车辆的稳定性、行驶性能和安全性起着重要作用。
4.底盘的维修：底盘维修包括底板修复、底盘铆焊、梁柱检查、车架修复、悬挂系统维修等。
a.底板修复：当底板出现损坏或变形时，需要进行修复，如修补、更换受损部分等。
b.底盘铆焊：底板与梁柱、车架等连接部件之间常采用铆焊连接，需要定期检查铆焊点的质量，并进行维修和更换。
c.梁柱检查：定期检查梁柱的连接状态、腐蚀程度和变形情况，必要时进行修复。
d.车架修复：车架出现变形或断裂时，需要进行修复，如减震焊接、车架梁柱更换等。
e.悬挂系统维修：检查弹簧和减震器的工作状态，如有必要进行更换和维修。
f.其他维修：定期检查转向系统、刹车系统和传动系统的工作状态，及时修复或更换受损部件。
第二部分：汽车底盘维修的注意事项1.安全第一：底盘维修过程中，要注意安全防护，佩戴防护服、护目镜等个人防护装备。
2.使用工具：使用合适的工具进行维修操作，如扳手、螺丝刀、焊接设备等，保证维修效果和安全性。
3.遵循维修流程：按照维修手册或流程进行操作，遵循正确的维修顺序，确保底盘维修的质量。
U3-课文A-汽车专业英语
第三单元发动机系统简介课文A 润滑系统和冷却系统润滑系统发动机润滑系统(见图3-1)的作用是将洁净的机油以合适的温度和压力输送给每个发动机的运动部件，以减少部件表面相互接触产生的摩擦。
润滑系统的主要部件如下：机油泵是润滑系统的关键部件。
它的任务是产生足够高的压力以抽取油底壳中的机油并使其在整个系统中循环。
在大多数汽车上，有两种常见的机油泵：齿轮式和转子式，如图3-2所示。
集滤器(图3-3)位于油底壳底部，与机油泵相连。
其任务是在机油进入机油泵之前先过滤出油液中的大颗粒脏物。
机油滤清器(图3-4)是润滑系统中非常重要的部件。
它吸附脏油，去除杂质并使其留在过滤介质上，然后将洁净的机油送回到发动机中。
油底壳(图3-5)是安装在曲轴箱下面的一个容器，用于储藏机油。
当发动机静止时，油底壳可将曲轴箱四周流淌下来的机油收集起来。
机油(图3-6)在发动机中起着重要作用：润滑发动机运动部件以减少摩擦；将炽热的发动机部件产生的热量带走，使其冷却；去除发动机部件上的脏物和沉积物。
另外，它还在气缸壁和活塞环之间起着密封的作用，提高发动机压缩性能。
在现代发动机设计中采用两种润滑方法相结合：压力润滑和飞溅润滑(见图3-7)。
冷却系统冷却系统的作用是消除发动机产生的过热；保持发动机在最有效的温度下运行；使发动机起动后尽快热机，达到有效的工作温度(见图3-8)。
冷却系统的主要部件如下：散热器(图3-9)的目的是散发冷却液吸收发动机的热量。
它是由散热器芯、载水管、进水箱和出水箱组成的。
通常散热器安装在发动机舱前部、格栅的后面。
散热器风扇(图3-10)的目的是在汽车行驶时，或者汽车停止行驶而发动机运转时，使气流通过散热器。
通常在散热器的后面安放两个风扇。
水泵(图3-11)是个简单的装置，只要发动机在运转它就要保持冷却液流动。
水泵是由发动机通过正时传动带来驱动的。
压力盖(图3-12) 的目的是保持冷却系统的压力。
如果压力上升到超过设定的压力点，压力盖上的弹簧卸载阀会将压力释放到膨胀水箱中，以防冷却液的缺失。