高中英语不定式语法
高中英语语法不定式
不定式省略问 题
不定式省略问题 有时为了避免重复，省去不定式后面的内容，保留到不定式符 号to；如果是to be ， 保留到be；如果是to have done ， 保 留到to have。
A —— Would you like to go to his party ? —— Yes，I’d like to.
动词不定式的时态和语态
一般式： 动词不定式表示的动作与谓语动词 表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后发生。 He seems to know this. 同时 I hope to meet you again. 之后
进行式：动词不定式表示的动作和谓语动词表 示的动作同时发生，并强调动作正在进行。
He pretended to be sleeping when I came in.
I’ve got a letter to write. He needs a room to live in. （2）序数词后作定语 She likes to listen to Mr. Li’s lessons , so she is always the first to come and the last to leave. （3）the only 后作定语 (4) 最高级后作定语
作宾语补足语: He asked me to do the work with him.
接不定式作宾补的动词有 aswk isahllofworcpeermit order tell advise expect beg invite encourage persuade etc.
* 在 feel hear, listen to have let make have see, watch , look at, notice, observe等词后面的 宾语补足语如果是不定式，要省略 to, 被动语态时 必须加上 to
高中英语：动词不定式专项讲解
高中英语：动词不定式专项讲解【基础回顾】考点归纳：1. 不定式可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、作状语。
2. 不定式有主动式和被动式。
3. 不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式。
4. 连接代词（或连接副词）+不定式。
5. 不定式to的省略。
【基础必读】不定式的常考必备：一、不定式可以作除了谓语的不同句子成分。
1.作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首。
例：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。
To lean out of the window is dangerous.身子探出窗外很危险。
(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
①It+be+名词+to do例：It's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾老人是我们的责任。
It is an offence to drop litter in the street.在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。
②It takes sb+some time+to do例：How long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作？③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等。
例：It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是很愚蠢的。
高中英语语法：不定式和现在分词
①为了保持句子平衡,通常用作形式主语,而把真实主语放在句末。如:
It is no use crying over spilt milk.作无益的后悔是没有用的。
It''s a waste of time arguing about it.辩论这事是浪费时间。
②在There is no结构中,通常用-ing分词。如:
高中英语语法：不定式和现在分词
一、不定式(to do的构成
1.不定式的构成
不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。
不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例:
主动式
被动式
一般式
to do
to be done
完成式
to have done
to have been done
听老师讲课。
We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.我们没料到你一直在这儿等我们。
4不定式的完成进行式
如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作,就需要用完成进行式。如:
They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years.据说他们已经在西藏工作20年了。
-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如:
Being a student, he was interested in books.作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。
高考英语非谓语动词不定式语法知识点
高考英语语法非谓语动词不定式用法精讲不定式1．作主语不定式作主语常见的是it 作形式主语，放在句首，将真正的主语动词不定式（短语）放在句子后面。
It’s easy to be wise afterthe event.Itis right to give up smoking.2．作宾语I find it interesting to study history.1.直接作宾语句型：动词（vt）+ to do解读：直接跟在一个及物动词后面作宾语。
这时句子有以下两个特点：第一：句子的主语和不定式的逻辑主语是一致的，不定式的语态需看与句子主语的关系。
第二：这时句子的谓语动词多是描写态度；不定式动作则说明行为。
经典例句：1)Nobodywants to be laughed at.2)Thiscompany refused to cooperate with us.经典例题：1.I don't want ____like I' m speaking iii of anybody, but the manager' s plan isunfair. (2005天津卷)A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded2.I can’t stand ______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______talking while she works. (2006北京卷)A.working ; stoppingB. to work ; stoppingC.working ; to stopD. towork ; to stop3.As a young man , I hate______________ in public.ughed atB. to be laughed atC. to laugh atughing at2.句型：某些及物动词+连词+to do解读：在一些动词之后，可以在连接代词（what, who , which）或连接副词（how, when, where）及连词whether 后面接一个带to 的动词不定式作宾语。
英语中不定式（todo）的6种成分和2种独立用法
英语中不定式（todo）的6种成分和2种独立用法非谓语是英语学习的重点也是难点，很多同学对这个语法知识一直是处于比较懵的状态。
其实只要掌握非谓语所充当成分的用法就可以运用自如了。
非谓语，顾名思义就是不做谓语的动词的变化形式，即to do ，doing，done。
除了谓语，句子成分中还有主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
下面看看不定式(to do)充当这6种成分的用法：一、不定式作主语1.To see is to believe. （这种情况不常用）2. It is important to learn English well.It 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to learn English well. 这种用法是常用的而且是考点！考点！考点！二、不定式作表语:常说明主语的内容、性质和特征或表动作将要发生。
1. My job is to keep the children safe.2.My task is to type the article.三、不定式做宾语1.He prefers to eat white bread and rice.2.He wants to play football.3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。
如：I find it difficult to remember everything.常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：（需要记住）agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt；care, choose, claim；dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine；expect, fail, get, guarantee；hate, hesitate, hope, hurry；intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend, promise；refuse, seem, tend, threaten；want, wish 等四、不定式做宾语补足语1.I'd invite her to have dinner at my house.2 . We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.Note 1: 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：要求允许提议(ask, allow, advise)，期望邀请鼓励(expect, invite, encourage)，教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want)，等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
【高中英语语法】不定式
【高中英语语法】不定式在高中英语语法中，不定式是一个非常重要的知识点。
不定式的形式为“to ＋动词原形”，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中能够充当多种成分。
不定式作主语不定式作主语时，通常表示具体的、一次性的动作。
例如：“To learn a foreign language well is not easy”（学好一门外语不容易。
）在这个句子中，“To learn a foreign language well”就是整个句子的主语。
为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式后置。
比如：“It is not easy to learn a foreign language well”不定式作宾语不定式可以作某些动词的宾语，常见的这类动词有：want, hope, wish, decide, expect 等。
比如：“I want to go home now”（我现在想回家。
）“He decided to study harder”（他决定更努力学习。
）此外，有些动词后接宾语时，需要用“疑问词＋不定式”的结构。
例如：“I don't know what to do next”（我不知道接下来做什么。
）不定式作定语不定式作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
它与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
比如：“I have a lot of work to do”（我有很多工作要做。
）这里的“work”是“do”的逻辑宾语。
如果不定式是不及物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。
例如：“He is looking for a room to live in”（他正在找一个住的房间。
）不定式作状语不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。
作目的状语时，非常常见。
例如：“She went to the library to borrow some books”（她去图书馆借一些书。
英语语法不定式
动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“ not to+动词原形”, 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但是有时态和语态的变化。
1，不定式做主语：（1）往往放在谓语的后面，句子则用引导词it作形式主语。
It is a great pleasure to talk with him. (2)在不定式的前面加一个由for引起的断语说明不定式表示的动作的执行者。
It is easy for the students to read.（3）在下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常需加由for引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况：kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, rude, polite, naught.2,不定式作宾语及复合宾语：（1）有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，常见动词有：want, demand, like, hate, hope, begin, seem, fail, help, offer, manage, pretend（假装）, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, expect, agree, determine, prefer, intend. （2）有些及物动词常用一个连接代词（副词）加上动词不定式作宾语。
常见的动词有：tell, teach, advise, show, decide, discuss等等。
The teacher taught me how to pronounce the word again and again.（3)有些动词需要复合宾语，动词不定式在复合宾语中作宾语补足语。
常见动词有：ask, advise, allow, believe, call on(号召，请求), help, know, like, order, tell, persuade, permit, want.I asked my mother to buy a new bike for me. （4）有些动词的复合宾语中，动词不定时须省掉to，这样的动词有：see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, hear, have, feel, let, make, help.e.g. We wanted to have him come early.They saw the boys play volleyball on the ground after school.【注意】①help后面的 to可省掉，也可保留。
高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结
高中英语动词不定式语法知识点总结动词不定式考向一不定式的作用1. 作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
It took us two hours to finish the job.2. 作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
☞He managed to escape from the fire.☞I find it hard to get along with him. （it 作形式宾语）（2）动词+疑问词+to，＂特殊疑问句+不定式＂相当于名词，作宾语。
☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。
☞I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3. 作宾语补足语（1）动词+宾语+不定式（to do ）。
☞He warned me to be careful.注意：可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask，tell，order，want，get，would like，like，advise，invite，allowhelp，wish，warn，expect，would prefer，encourage。
（2）表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。
☞We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.（被动语态）（3）There +不定式。
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
（4）在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch, observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。
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非谓语动词在高中英语中，非谓语动词包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)三种形式，它们有不少共同特点：①在句子中不能充当谓语，不受主语人称和数的限制；②保留部分动词特性：可以后接宾语，可用副词修饰；③否定形式，都是在其前面加上not/never等否定词；④表示的动作，如果明显发生的谓语动词表示的动作之前（或者强调先后），要求用完成时态形式;⑤都不能作地点状语，只有动词不定式可以作目的状语；⑥没有主语，其表示动作的执行者叫作“逻辑性主语”（主动语态时），有时表示动作的承受者（被动语态时）非谓语动词可充当句子的很多成分，并且有时态和语态的变化如下：Ⅰ动词不定式定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和单复数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语。
一、不定式的时态和语态：1. 动词不定式的时态1). 一般式：当不定式表示的动作或状态发生几乎同时或晚于谓语动词表示的动作或状态时用一般式；eg. ①He seemed to be tired.②The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2). 进行式：当不定式表示的动作或状态与谓语正好同时发生时，用进行式。
eg. ①When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.②I didn`t expect you to be working in such bad conditions.3). 完成式：当不定式所表示的动作或状态明显发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式；eg. ①He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.②He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.4). 完成进行式：如果不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，强调一直在进行或有可能继续进行，用完成进行式.eg. ①We are happy to have been working with the experts all the month.②I suspected him to have been playing instead of studying.5. 不定式的语态：1）当不定式的逻辑主语是其表示的动作的执行者时，一般要用主动式；eg. ①The workers are to build the great bridge.当不定式的逻辑主语正好是其表示的动作的承受者时，一般要用被动式(to be done).eg. ①The great bridge is to be built by the workers.2) 若是明显发生在谓语动作之前，而且含有被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done).eg. ①He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.②He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.二、不定式的功能：1. 不定式做主语：不定式做主语一般表示具体的某一次动作，而动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。
1) 不定式作主语时, 谓语用单数；eg. ①To do such things is foolish.②To keep the room clean and tidy is her duty.2) It作形式主语的几种句子结构形式：当主语较长而谓语较短时，为了保持句式平衡，用it作形式主语，将不定式短语（主语）放到句子后面。
如以下几种结构：(1) It is/was +adj.+ (of sb.) to do…（如good/ kind/ nice/ clever/ foolish/selfish…）eg. ①It`s clever of you to leave there at that moment.※上面句型中的是表示人物性格、特点的形容词，结构可改写为“sb.+ is + adj. + to do”形式；(2) It is +adj.+ (for sb.) + to do…（如easy / difficult / hard / / unwise / possible/ necessary…）eg. ①It`s necessary for us to try our best to help her now.②It`s very kind of you to help me make up the lessons I missed.(3) It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…eg. ①It takes me twenty minutes to walk from my home to the school.(4) It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…eg. ①It requires patience for him to finish all the work all the afternoon.2. 动词不定式作表语：不仅可以be后面作表语，还可以在seem, prove, remain, appear, happen等其他系动词后面作表语;eg. ①To see is to believe.②My mother seemed to be very tired after a day`s work.③It remains to be seen whether the old couple like the tourism abroad.④Their conclusion proved to be scientific.3. 动词不定式作宾语：1）主语+ 谓语+ 不定式短语eg. ①They decided to study English hard from then on.②I can`t afford to buy this kind of car now.※要求只用不定式作宾语的动词: wish, hope, desire, expect, want, intend, arrange, attempt, beg, offer, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, fail, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, ask, determine, seek, prefer, mean(打算), consider(认为)，try(尽力),2) 主语+ 谓语+ 特殊疑问词+ 不定式短语eg. ①I don`t know when and where to begin our new work.﹥I don`t know when and where I should begin our new work.②She couldn`t sure what to say at this kind of situations.﹥She couldn`t sure what she would say at this kind of situations.※特殊疑问词和不定式共同作宾语，一般是主句和宾语从句同一主语, 从句是特殊疑问句;要求接“特殊疑问词+ 不定式短语”作宾语的动词还有：advise, consider, discover, discuss, think, tell, understand, wonder, remember, find out, discuss, etc.3）主语+ 谓语+ IT+ 形容词(宾补) + 不定式短语eg. ①I found it wise to climb the stairs without waiting for the elevator .②They think it necessary to start their project right now.※一般用在此结构的及物动词有think, believe, consider, feel, find, make等;***注意:形式宾语和宾补中间加上BE可以变成宾语从句，即不定式作真正的主语；4．动词不定式作定语：1）用在动词转化而成的名词后面（这些动词要求接不定式作宾语）, 如determination, promise, plan, refusal, ability, willingness, failure, attempt, warning等；eg. ①His promise to spend the holiday with families was broken when the new order came.②Her ability to deal with urgent accidents is very strong.2）用在序数词the first, the second, the last, 或形容词最高级the best (thing), the worst, the only等词后面eg. ①He was the first student to arrive here.②That is the only thing to worry about.3）不定式作定语，主动表示被动意义eg. ①I have a lot of clothes to wash.②I have a lot of clothes to be washed by the laundry(干洗店).※※注意：（i）主动表示被动意义，有两个条件句子的主语正好是不定式表示动作的执行者，所修饰词正好是其表示动作的承受者；eg. ①She has something nice to eat.（ii）有些句型不定式的动作执行者不必说出来，作定语时也只能主动表示被动; eg. ①There is plenty of homework to finish.（iii）不定式作定语，表示将来的动作，一般放在所饰词后面，如果所修饰名词是其动作的发生地点、对象、使用的工具，不定式后应该有必要的介词; eg. ①The old lady wanted to find a person to talk with.②There are a lot of students for you to choose from for the competition.5. 动词不定式作宾语补足语:1）主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ to doeg. ①The teacher asked them to remember all the new words.②The boss forced the workers to work until midnight.※要求不定式作宾补的动词还有：advise, allow, beg, cause, command, direct, encourage, expect, get, hate, help, inspire, intend, invite, instruct, lead, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, teach, want, warn, wish, call on, long for, wait for, depend on, care for etc.2）主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ to be + adj./n.eg. ①He was believed (to be) fit for the job.②We all consider the work (to be) very important.※这种用法的动词还有：think, believe, consider, feel, find, consider, imagine, judge, know, prove, suppose, understand, take etc.3）主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ doeg. ①I have a lot of clothes to wash.②I have a lot of clothes to be washed by the laundry(干洗店).※※如果谓语动词为感官动词或使役动词，则作宾补不定式to可以省略，例如：see, notice, look at , observe, watch, listen to, hear, have, make, let , feel等。