2021年考研《英语一》阅读真题(文字版)
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2021年考研《英语一》阅读真题（文字版）
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below
each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the
ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is
one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential
campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?
Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S.
jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a
University of Oxford study, with the middle class
disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening
or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class
occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering
— have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the
robots, so they will be fine.
第 2 页 共 18 页 This isn't to be alarmist. Optimists point out that
technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The
Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs
were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised
living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed.
Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity,
stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from
hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers
may need a lot of help adjusting.
The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee
argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education
and job training. Curriculums —from grammar school to
college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and
more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational
schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving
skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online
education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make
extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals
trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going
into debt.
The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need
for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting
第 3 页 共 18 页 new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastic
technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by
dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines. The best uses
of 3D printers and virtual reality haven't been invented yet.
The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.
Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap
between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety
net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to
be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit
should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work,
reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.
Technology will improve society in ways big and small over
the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those
who find their lives and careers upended by automation.
Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be
nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.
21.Who will be most threatened by automation?
[A] Leading politicians.
[B]Low-wage laborers.
[C]Robot owners.
[D]Middle-class workers.
22 .Which of the following best represent the author’s view?
第 4 页 共 18 页 [A] Worries about automation are in fact groundless.
[B]Optimists' opinions on new tech find little support.
[C]Issues arising from automation need to be tackled
[D]Negative consequences of new tech can be avoided
cation in the age of automation should put more
emphasis on
[A] creative potential.
[B]job-hunting skills.
[C]individual needs.
[D]cooperative spirit.
24.The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at
[A] encouraging the development of automation.
[B]increasing the return on capital investment.
[C]easing the hostility between rich and poor.
[D]preventing the income gap from widening.
25.In this text, the author presents a problem with
[A] opposing views on it.
[B]possible solutions to it.
[C]its alarming impacts.
[D]its major variations.
第 5 页 共 18 页 Text 2
A new survey by Harvard University finds more than
two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer
news from the White House to be filtered through other source,
Not a president’s social media platform.
Most Americans rely on social media to check daily
headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people
may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such
2021年考研英语(一)完形填空真题
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2021年考研英语(一)完形填空真题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each
numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10
points)
Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to
do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly,
logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It
_____(1)in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time,
and then_____(2)starts to slowly decline as we age.
But_____(3)aging is inevitable, scientists are finding that
certain changes in brain function may not be.
One study found that muscle loss and the_____(4)of body fat
around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid
intelligence. This suggests the_____(5)that lifestyle factors
might help prevent or_____(6)this type of decline.
2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(19)
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2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(19)
为了帮助2021年考研学员更好的复习备考，本店铺特整理了“2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析”以供学员参考使用。
Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon
stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet.
He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that
lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and
salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted
in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual
property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his
first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,’ says Redmon,
who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as
in-house counsel for a company。
With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet,
finding promising openings can be time-consuming and
2021年考研《英语一》阅读试题答案详解(海文版)
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2021年考研《英语一》阅读试题答案详解(海文版)
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
21、【答案】D Middle-class workers
【解析】根据题干中“threatned”和“automation”定位到第一段首句“the annoyi-ng challenge facing the middle class is
one that...for their jobs”中的challenge和第二段的最后三句话，可以得知相对于低收入者和富人，中产阶级受到的冲击最大。
22、【答案】C Issues arising from automation need to be
tackled
【解析】根据题干可定位到第三段中的首句“this isn’t to be
alarmist”和末句“But ... middle-class workers may need a lot
of help adjusting”，but转折句再一次强调了作者的观点，即中产阶级工人需要很多帮助来调整应对问题。同时，末句中”may need
a lot of help”同义替换成选项C中的“need to be tackled”，自动化带来的问题需要被解决，得出C答案。
23、【答案】A creative potential
【解析】根据题干中的关键词可定位到第四段第二句
第 2 页 共 11 页 “Curriculums—from grammar school to college—should evolve
to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and
complex communication”。由该句可知，课程应该更关注创造性和复杂的沟通而非记忆事实。所以，应该选C选项creative
2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(12)
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2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(12)
模考：在线考试中心
目录：
题目
名师解析
难句解析
全文翻译
题目：
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile,
you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.
Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to
show them that you are one of them or that you understand their
situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be
different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may
refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;
alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want
to comment on their disorganized bosses。
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention,
of a story which works well because the audience all shared the
same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown
2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(28)
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2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(28)
为了帮助2021年考研学员更好的复习备考，本店铺特整理了“2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析”以供学员参考使用。
Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one
industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly
separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal
Shakespeare Company (RSC)， which presents superb productions
of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon.
And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists
who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights。
The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre
adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and
noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that
2021年考研《英语一》完形填空真题及答案_1
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2021年考研《英语一》完形填空真题及答案
>>>2021年考研《英语》真题及答案解析汇总
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each
numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10
points)
Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a
necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care,
friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2 , in the
wrong place often carries a high 3.
4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5
people place their trust in an individual or an institution,
their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable
feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans
to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8
this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study,
researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the
2021年考研《英语一》阅读理解答案(海文版)
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2021年考研《英语一》阅读理解答案（海文版）
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below
each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the
ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in
advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch
a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with
increasingly massive security lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security
procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt
Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the
Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But
demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little
security in return undermines public support for the process.
2021年考研英语(一)真题及答案(跨考版)
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2021年考研英语(一)真题及答案(跨考版)
1. 【答案】C peaks
【解析】此处考察词义辨析+句间逻辑关系。文章首段首句为主题句，谈到一个概念：流体智力(fluid intelligence)，是一种智力类型，它与短期记忆和快速、逻辑和抽象地思考以解决新问题的能力有关。想要解决空格处需要分析整句话的逻辑关系。前文提到青年人，后文提到这种流体智力智力随着年龄增长会慢慢下降，所以根据时间发展的关系，前面提到这种智力在青年时达到峰值(peaks)，并且会停留一段时间，随后随着年龄的增长会逐渐下降。正确答案为peaks。pauses 暂停;return 恢复，返回;fades 逐渐消退。
2. 【答案】D generally
【解析】此处考察词汇辨析。根据上一道题目的具体分析，不难得出空格处应该是对这种普遍现象得修饰，we age 体现我们大所数人，所以应该选择D generally。alternatively 要不然，或者(二者择其一); formally 正式地，正规地;accidentally 偶然地。
3. 【答案】A while
【解析】此处考察句内逻辑关系。空格处所在句子是以转折词But 开始，但考察句内之间的意思转折：但是， 3 年纪增长不可避免，科学家发现某些大脑功能不会发生变化。年纪增长和科学家的发现是对立的观点，所以应该选择while，尽管。since 因为;当......
第 2 页 共 24 页 时;once 一旦;until 直到。
4. 【答案】C consumption
【解析】 此处考察词义辨析+句内逻辑关系。并列连词and将空格处与前文muscle loss并列，行车前后近义词的关系，那么空格处要选择一个与肌肉消失表达意思相近的词。所给选项中只有C选项consumption意思是消耗的意思，带入原文符合句意。detection 侦查，勘察;accumulation 积累，积攒，增加;separation 分开，分离。
启航：2021年考研英语一答案(完整版)
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启航：2021年考研英语一答案(完整版)
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2021年全国研究生入学考试英语(一)答案
Section I：Use of English
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B
11.A 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.D
Section II：Reading Comprehension
Part A
21.D 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.D
26.C 27.D 28.A 29.D 30.A
31.A 32.B 33.B 34.D 35.D
36.C 37.D 38.B 39.C 40.A
Part B
41.C 42.D 43.A 44.F 45.G
Part C
第 2 页 共 11 页 2021年研究生入学考试英语一的翻译文章出自美国杂志《Nature》，题目是Universal truths。这篇文章的理论性比较强，对于大家来说应该会感觉很有难度，大家首先要理解文章大意，依据专业性来定词义。
文章原文如下，选入2021考研英语一翻译真题时有部分删改：
Since at least the days of Aristotle, a search for universal
principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. In
some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science:
2021考研英语一阅读真题解析-难度稳定 话题更多元
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2021考研英语一阅读真题解析:难度稳定 话题更多元
2021考研英语考试已经结束，本店铺第一时间进行真题解析，方便各位考生及时了解真题相关动态。
首先，今年阅读理解四篇文章的整体难度和去年保持持平，甚至比去年略简单一些，尤其是前两篇文章难度确实不大，但话题比较多元化。
第一篇文章内容和我们之前曾经看过的一篇文章《人和机器赛跑》很像，只是这篇文章的对象针对了中产阶级，文章重点要谈及的内容并不是说这些自动化的东西和人抢工作，而是说我们应该如何去适应这些东西。
下面是老师为考生们解析的2021考研英语(一)阅读理解答案，供同学们参考。
第一篇文章：
21题：Middle-class workers中产阶级工人。
22题：Negative consequences of new tech can be avoided由这些新的技术所带来的消极结果是可以被避免的。所以这个选项是积极的，因为不管怎样有新的技术变化，只要大家跟得上就可以。
23题：Creative potential创造的潜在力。
人和机器不一样的地方就在于，我们有更多的创造力，而不应该单纯地做重复的计算内容。
第 2 页 共 3 页 24题：Preventing the income gap from widening阻止收入差距扩大化。
原文当中明确表明，所谓的资方和劳方差距会变大，我们应该做的是收税，防止收入差距进一步地扩大。
25题：Possible solutions to it可能的解决方法。
第二篇文章讲的是川普：
文章第一自然段讲的是美国年轻人如何看待新任美国总统在推特上发东西，这些社交媒体有许多信息来源，而年轻人们现在增强了自己对于媒体带来的新闻的真假度的辨别能力。
26题：Social media as a reliable source of news社交媒体作为一种新闻的可靠来源。