南京大学考博真题_1101考博英语2012年

南京大学考博真题_1101考博英语2012年
南京大学考博真题_1101考博英语2012年

南京大学哲学系考博真题(精华版2008--2013年)(DOC)

南京大学哲学系历年考博真题(2008—2013年) 考试科目名称及代码:中国哲学史(3305) 适用专业:中国哲学宗教学 2008年(中国哲学专业做A卷宗教学专业做B卷)A卷(每题25分,共100分) 1、孔子“仁”的思想内容及其评论 2、老子“道”的思想内容及其评论 3、王阳明“知行合一”说述评 4、试论程朱理学对先秦儒学的丰富和发展 B卷(每题25分,共100分) 1、荀子天人思想述评 2、孟子仁学思想述评 3、王充元气自然论述评 4、郭象“独化”论述评 2009年 1、试述墨子对孔子学说的批评,并给予评论(25分) 2、老子、庄子思想异同(25分) 3、张载“气本论”思想述评(25分) 4、试述中国传统哲学中的“天人合一”思想,并给予检讨(25 分)

1.孔子“仁爱”、老子“道爱”、墨子“兼爱”之比较(25分)2.魏晋玄学讨论的主要问题并给予评论(25分) 3.试述程朱“理本论”与陆王“心本论”异同(25分) 4.试述儒学哲学化历程并给予评论:以先秦儒学、宋明儒学、现代新儒学为例。(25分) 2011年 1、试论儒学人文主义思想及其特质。(25分) 2、《大学》主要思想内容述评。(25分) 3、王夫之“理势合一”论述评。(25分) 4、试述老子的“道”与宋明理学的“理”之异同。(25分) 2013年 1、 2、老子辩证法及其评论(25分) 3、中国佛学在中国哲学中的地位(25分) 4、张载《西铭》的主要思想述评(25分) 考试科目名称及代码:中国佛学(2294) 适用专业:中国哲学

论述题(每题25分,共100分) 一、慧远“法性论”思想述评(25分) 二、天台宗“三谛圆融”思想述评(25分) 三、试从佛学与儒学两个方面论述佛儒交融的内在根据(25分) 四、试评析《维摩诘经》对现当代人间佛教的影响(25分) 2009年 论述题(每题25分,共100分) 一、如何理解《心经》中所说的:“色不异空,空不异色;色即是 空,空即是色”?(25分) 二、竺道生佛性思想述评。(25分) 三、禅宗的中国化主要表现在哪些方面?(25分) 四、从王阳明的“本体工夫”看禅学对阳明学的影响。(25分) 2010年 论述题(每题25分,共100分) 一、华严“四法界”思想述评(25分) 二、慧能对传统佛教进行了哪些根本性改革?(25分) 三、佛教对中国传统思维模式的影响表现在哪些方面?(25分) 四、什么是佛教的“不二法门”?(25分)

2018年考博英语翻译练习及参考【三篇】

2018年考博英语翻译练习及参考【三篇】 导读:本文2018年考博英语翻译练习及参考【三篇】,仅供参考,如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享。 【第一篇:健康的乐观主义】大多数人愿意把乐观定义为无尽的欢乐,就像一只总是装着半杯水的杯子。但那是一种绝不会为积极心理学家所推荐的虚假快乐。哈佛大学的Tal Ben-Shahar教授说,“健康的乐观主义,意味着要处于现实之中。”在Ben-Shahar看来,现实的乐观主义者,会尽努力做好一件事,而不是相信每件事都会有的结果。Ben-Shahar 会进行三种乐观方面的练习。比如说,当他进行了一次糟糕的演讲,感到心情郁闷的时候,他会告诉自己这是人之常情。他会提醒自己:并不是每一次演讲都可以获得诺贝尔获,总会有一些演讲比其它演讲效果差。接着是重塑,他分析了这个效果不好的演讲,并且从那些起作用和不起作用的演讲中吸取教训为将来做准备。最后,需要有这样一种观点,那就是承认,在广阔的生命当中,一次演讲根本算不上什么。参考译文Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half fall. But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor, According to Ben- Shalar,realistic optimists are these who make the best of things

考博英语翻译笔记

考博英语翻译笔记 倒装和分割结构 为了强调句子的某些部分,或是为了保持句子平衡,英语中常常使用倒装。大体说来,倒装可以分为主谓倒装和非主谓倒装。主谓倒装里又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。在翻译的时候,既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译,也可以按照字面意思翻译。非主谓倒装只是将强调部分前置,以保持句子平衡或是起强调作用。翻译时可以采用顺序译法或是倒序译法。 1. For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 分析:本句中had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 属于部分倒装。正常语序为:if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 。在正式文体中,可以将虚拟条件句中的if 省略,并将助动词提前。 译文:例如,它们(指测试)并不弥补社会的不公,因此不能说明一个贫困青年,要是在比较有利的境况下长大,会有多大才干。 2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday's “baby boom ” generation reached its child-bearing years. 分析:该句中so did bigger crops of babies 属于语法倒装。用so 来代替前述肯定句谓语部分所说情况。 译文:不间断的移民浪潮也起了作用——而且随着昔日在“ 生育高峰期” 出生的 一代人达到生育年龄,婴儿的出生数量增加了,这同样起了作用。 3. Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her in thoroughness, whatever the job. 分析:该句的Much as I have traveled 是一个由as 引导的让步状语从句。相当于though I have traveled much ,但语气要比后者强。这种结构要求部分倒装。 译文:我虽然见多识广,但还从未见过比她细心的人,不管什么职业 4. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write correctly. 分析:相信大家对这种结构都不陌生。Only 后加副词、介词、状语从句时要用部分倒装。但是要注意的是,如果only 修饰的不是状语,则不用倒装。 译文:只有很好地掌握了语法知识,写出来的东西才会正确。 5. Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West . 分析:当句首是否定副词或含有否定词的词语时,一般要部分倒装。 译文:1980 年哪里的人口普查统计资料也不如远西地区的更能生动地说明美国人对宽敞的生活环境的追求。 6. Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him. 分析:hardly…when的结构表示“冈U…就…”。含有这种结构的句子常将hardly 置于句首,而采用部分倒装的语序。此外,hardly分句中一般采用过去完成时,而when (或before )分句中使用过去时。还有,与hardly…when… 结构类似的用法还有barely (scarcely)…whe n … 译文:他刚开始讲,听众就打断了他的话。 7. To such length did she go in rehearsal that two actors walked out.

南京大学 社会学2001-2003考博试题

南京大学社会学2001-2003考博试题 2001年试题 社会学理论与方法 一、简述题(每题8分,共40分) 1、简述马克斯.韦伯的理想类型 2、简述达伦多夫社会冲突理论 3、简述社会交换理论在人类学、经济学和心理学中的理论来源 4、简述布尔迪厄德“文化资本”理论 5、有关政府预算的一项社会调查想知道某市市民对政府在教育经费投入、交通建设经费 投入方面的意见。由于调查经费有限,甲研究人员把问卷发往全市各小学,然后通过学生 转到家长手中;乙研究人员从全市18岁以上成人中随机抽出调查对象,再用邮寄方式发放 问卷。请比较两种不同的调查方法,指出各自的长短。 二、论述题(每题15分,共45分) 1、论述唯名论和唯实论两种社会观 2、论述宏观社会学理论和微观社会学理论的区别 3、社会学的中国化应该如何借鉴西方社会学发展的历史教训? 三、计算题(每题15分,共15分) 在一次对研究生考生的社会调查中,某地区所有考生的资料显示,该地区考生5门课程的总 分成绩近似服从正态分布。每个考生的平均分为320分,标准差为25.38,试求: (1)、从该地区中随机抽取一名考生,其总分超过340分的概率;(2)、如果抽取一个容量为9的随机样本,求其平均总分超过340分的概率 (3)、比较(1)和(2)的结果,请做出统计意义的解释;另外,如果总体不是正态,那 么(2)的答案将是什么? (附:查表可知,Ф(Z<=0.79)=0.7851 Ф(Z<=0.78)=0.7823 Ф(Z<=2.36)=0.981)

2002年试题 社会学理论与方法 一、简述题(每题8分,共40分) 1、简述迪尔凯姆的社会事实及其特征 2、简述符号互动论中衣阿华学派和芝加哥学派的差异 3、简述米尔斯对美国中产阶级的论述 4、简述吉登斯的现代性制度“组织丛” 5、什么是操作化?它在社会研究中的作用是什么? 二、论述题(每题15分,共45分) 1、论述库恩的范式思想及其对西方社会学理论的影响 2、科尔曼针对社会科学中普遍存在的缺陷——宏观理论和微观理论的联系脆弱,提出了 怎样的解决方法?是举例说明。 3、试比较调查研究和实地研究两种社会研究方式的特点。 三、计算提(每题15分,共15分) 对北京和南京两城市各随机抽取400名居民进行调查,结果发现,北京居民人均月收入为1 200元,标准差为180元;南京居民人均月收入为500元,标准差为80元。问: (1)、北京居民互相之间在收入上的差异,与南京居民相互之间在收入上的差异,哪一个 更大? (2)、在95%的置信度下(Z=1.96),南京市居民平均月收入的置信区间是多少? 2003 理论与方法 简答题 1、帕累托的剩余物与衍生物 2、齐美尔的社会类型 3、柯林斯的互动仪式 4、哈贝马斯的合法化危机 5、米德的精神、自我与社会的关系 6、分层抽样与整群抽样分别应用于什么情况下

2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案【十篇】

2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案【十篇】 仰望天空时,什么都比你高,你会自卑;俯视大地时,什么都比你低,你会自负;只有放宽视野,把天空和大地尽收眼底,才能在苍穹泛土之间找到你真正的位置。无须自卑,不要自负,坚持自信。以下我无忧考网为考生整理的《2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案第二部分【十篇】》供您查阅。 2018考博英语翻译练习:泡腊八蒜 考博英语翻译题型多为汉译英,各博士招生院校大多都有此题型,考博英语复习初期阶段新东方在线考博频道为考博生们整理了一些考博英语翻译练习,供大家平日复习。 泡腊八蒜是中国北方,尤其是华北地区的一个习俗。顾名思义,就是在阴历腊月初八的这天来泡制大蒜。其实材料非常简单,就是醋和大蒜瓣儿。做法也是极其简单,将剥了皮的蒜瓣儿放到一个可以密封的罐子、瓶子之类的容器里面,然后倒入醋,封上口放到一个冷的地方。慢慢地,泡在醋中的蒜就会变绿,最后会变得通体碧绿的,如同翡翠碧玉。老北京人家,一到腊月初八,过年的气氛一天赛过一天,

华北大部分地区在腊月初八这天有用醋泡蒜的习俗。 译文参考: Laba garlic bulbs in the north,particularly in North China,a custom. As the name suggests,at the eighth daytime of the twelfth lunar day the Chinese people are apt to cook garlic.In fact,the materials is very easy, that is,vinegar and garlic petal.Approach is extremely simple too,the rinded garlic cloves can be sealed into a jar,flasks and the favor inside the container,then pour vinegar,sealed port into a cold location. Slowly, the garlic drenched in vinegar ambition turn green,and finally transform entire body green as emerald jade.Old Beijing human,1 to the eighth daytime of the twelfth lunar month,one day outdo the air of Chinese New Year day in most parts of north China this day be serviceable in the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month vinegar and garlic bulbs custom. 解析: 大蒜:garlic

2003年南京大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2003年南京大学考博英语真题及详解 SECTION I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(20%) (略) SECTION II STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY(35%) Part A Directions:Questions31-40are incomplete sentences.Beneath each sentence you will see four-words or phrases,marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. 31.This platform would collapse if all of us______on it. A.stand B.stood C.would stand D.had stood 【答案】B 【解析】一般现在时的虚拟语气结构,主句用would+动词,从句用一般过去式。 32.The young man who saw the car______into the river telephoned the police. A.plunged B.plunge

C.was plunging D.to plunge 【答案】B 【解析】see sth.do表示看到事物动作的整个过程,这里表示看见车陷入河里。 33.You can come with me to the museum this afternoon______you don’t mind walking for half an hour. A.unless B.so far as C.except D.if 【答案】D 【解析】句意为“如果你不介意走半个小时路的话,你今天下午就跟我一块去博物馆吧。” 可知为D,其余三项均不通。 34.We can rely on William to carry out this mission,for his judgment is always ______. A.inexplicable B.healthy C.sound D.straight 【答案】C

考博英语词汇和翻译练习题

考博英语练习题 1. Daily nutrition, weight, and physical activities in the family will largely determine whether your children are _____ to children diabetes. A. likely B. susceptible C. influential D. Sustainable 2. The accusations we bring against others should be ____ ourselves; they should not ____ complacency and easy judgments on our part concerning our own moral conduct. A. denigration of.., exclude B. instructions to... equate C. parodies of... satirize D. warnings to... justify 【翻译练习】 1、英译汉参考译文 The researchers, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, say when people are living together they share behaviors, such as eating meals together and watching TV. The scientists also note that marriage provides a number of health benefits, including decreased cigarette smoking and lower mortality. 2、汉译英 举行的峰会可以促进六国之间的友好合作关系。 【参考答案】 1.B 【句子大意】每日汲取的营养成分,体重和在家锻炼很大程度上决定您的孩子是否容易患上儿童糖尿病。 【精析】likely“很可能的,合适的”;susceptible“易受影响的”;influential“有影响的,有势力的”;sustainable“可以忍受的,足可支撑的”;故选B项。 2.D 【句子大意】那些对他人的控告应该视为对我们自己的一个警告;我们不能够仅凭自身道德行径就有理由去妄下定论并且骄傲自满。 【精析】denigration of 诋毁,贬损;exclude排除,排斥;instructions教导,说明;equate使相等,视为平等;parodies of模仿,效仿;satirize讽刺,挖苦;Warnings to 警告;justify证明合法。根据原文,可根据第一句话,首先排除AC选项,对他人的控告不能是对自身的一种诋毁,或效仿。故选D项。 【翻译参考答案】 1、英译汉参考译文 北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)的研究人员说,两个人生活在一起就会一同行动,比如说一块儿吃饭看电视。科学家们还强调,婚姻会带来许多健康方面的好处,比如说少抽烟,死亡率也会降低。 2、汉译英参考答案 The Summit Sessions held in Shanghai could foster better relations and cooperation between the six counties. ===============================================================================

考博英语翻译真题汇总(汉译英-英译汉)

我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。她对我说,最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测试结果的那一周时间。我朋友说,她可能会学着直面坏结果。但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种茫然的感觉。 孟克(Edvard Munch)的名画《呐喊》哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特(Daniel Gilbert)不久前在《纽约时报》(New York Times)的专栏中写道,不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发生的感觉更糟。我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄,并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌1000点,而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌──不确定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨人。【英文】 A close friend of mine recently underwent tests for leukemia. The most agonizing part of the ordeal, she said, was the week-long wait for the test results. A bad outcome she could learn to cope with, my friend said. It was the not knowing, the uncertainty, that was so difficult. 'People feel worse when something bad might occur than when something bad will occur,' wrote Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert in a recent New York Times op-ed. 'Most of us aren't losing sleep and sucking down Marlboros because the Dow is going to fall another thousand points, but because we don't know whether it will fall or not ─ and human beings find uncertainty more painful than the things they're uncertain about.'

2013年南京大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2013年南京大学考博英语真题及详解 SECTION I STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY(30%) Part A(20%) Directions:There are20incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there arc four choices marked A,B,C,and D respectively.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences.Then blacken your answer in the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. l.Shoes of this kind are to slip on wet ground. A.feasible B.appropriate C.apt D.fitting 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这种鞋在湿地上容易打滑。apt恰当的;有…倾向的;灵敏的。feasible 可行的;可能的;可实行的。appropriate适当的;恰当的;合适的。fitting适合的;相称的。 2.I bought an alarm clock with an_____dial,which can be seen clearly in the dark. A.supersonic B.luminous C.audible

D.amplified 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我买了一个有发光针盘的闹钟,黑夜中也能看得很清楚。luminous发光的;明亮的;清楚的。supersonic超音速的;超声波的。audible听得见的。amplified 放大的;扩充的。 3.Her jewelry_____under the spotlights and she became the dominant figure at the ball. A.glared B.glittered C.blazed D.glowed 【答案】B 【解析】句意:她的珠宝在灯光下闪闪发亮,让她成为了舞会上的焦点。glitter闪光;闪烁。glare瞪视;发眩光。blaze燃烧;照耀;激发。glow发热;洋溢;绚丽夺目。 4.Put on dark glasses or the sun will_____you and you won’t be able to see. A.discern B.distort C.distract D.dazzle 【答案】D

[外语类试卷]2014年南京大学考博英语真题试卷.doc

[外语类试卷]2014年南京大学考博英语真题试卷 一、Structure and Vocabulary 1 Hunting is thought to be______for the extinction of some wildlife. (A)responsible (B)blamed (C)charged (D)denounced 2 The American students came to our school in November, and we then made a______visit to theirs. (A)reciprocal (B)bilateral (C)considerate (D)rewarding 3 That man claimed to be a______of Confucius. (A)descending (B)ascending (C)descendant (D)offspring 4 Can you______the truth of his statement?

(A)deny (B)refuse (C)decline (D)reject 5 I failed in my new job. If only I______my parents. (A)listened to (B)had listened to (C)have listend to (D)would listen to 6 He studied at a famous college when he was young, ______contributed to his success in later life. (A)which (B)it (C)that (D)what 7 My eldest sister went on with the story and young children around her ______ with " wonderful!" from time to time. (A)broke out (B)broke off (C)broke in

南京大学考博英语真题2006-2008年答案

南京大学考博英语真题2006年答案 Section 1 Part 1 1-5 AABCC 6-10 CBDDC Part 2 11-15 BCDDC 16-20 DDCAC Part 3 21-25 ADAAC 26-30 CBDCD 31-35 DAAAC 36-40 BBABB Section 2 41-45. D A C A B 46-50 B A C C C 51-55 C A B A C 56-60 B C B D D Translation Part A 放弃对于获得幸福至关重要,其重要性并不逊于努力。面对我们可以阻止的不幸,明智的人不会屈服,但对于那些不可避免的甚至是可以避免的事情,若时间和经历要求他们放弃以追求更加重要的东西,他们不会浪费时间和感情而是选择顺从。很多人常常为鸡毛蒜皮的琐事而大发脾气,并因此浪费了大量原本可以有大用处的大量精力。在追求真正重要的目标中太过沉溺,导致潜在失败的可能性时时威胁我们的思维,这是不明智的。工作效率往往和我们所投入的感情并不对称。事实上,情感偶尔会妨碍效率。我们在服从命运安排的同时应当竭尽全力。顺从分两种:其一是源于绝望,其二则源于不可征服的希望……前者坏,后者好。Part B 1.In a populous city, the idea that a man must know his neighbors has been extinct. But it is still true of that in small towns and villages. 2.People living as long as each other may have quite different lifestyles. Some go far away and enjoy fantastic scenery while others are incarcerated in a small room and until death does them not know how far-flung the world is. 3.The biggest falsehood of humans is they take for that social and political problems are so simple that they can be judged and solved with practical experience, instead of strict training with scientific methods. Unfortunately, it is quite contrary in the case. 4.You can’t get rid of jealousness merely through being successful because there are someone in history who are more successful than you. Enjoy the happiness at hand and do what you are supposed to do. Don’t compare what you imagine or even entirely wrong with those who are more lucky than you. Then, you can cast off jealousness. 5.So, this is the true spiritual civilization: make the most of human’s brightness and wiseness to find truth, to control nature, to change matters for human’s use, to relieve human of needless hardships, to liberate human’s spirit from blindness and superstition. 南京大学考博英语真题2007年答案 Section 1 Part 1 1-5 AAABC 6-10 BCCDA Part 2 11-15 ABCBA 16-20 CDCAA

历年考研考博英语翻译词组汇总

历年考研考博英语翻译词组汇总 1990年 1. be determined by 由…所决定 2. have something to do with 与…有关 3. be central to sth. 是…的核心 4. in contrast/by contrast与此相反 5. be due to 由于(常做表语) 6. be deprived of 被剥夺 7. respond to 对…作出反应 8. as the basis of 依据/根据 9. be born with 天生具有 10. In contrast 相比之下 1991年 11. shut off 关上,停止,切断 12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样,无论如何; in no case 决不 13. or so 大概,大约 14. at the rate of 以…的速率 15. take time 花费时间 16. be likely to 可能;倾向于 17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能;远非 19. head into走向;陷入(危机) 20. in the matter of 关于;就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…w ith 把……和…结合起来;加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样 1992年 25. refer to…提到;谈到 26. agreement on 一致意见 27. be comparable to 和…相当;犹如 28. in terms of 根据;按照;在…方面 29. on the whole 总体来说;大体上看 30. draw a conclusion 得出结论 31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度

2014年南京大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2014年南京大学考博英语真题及详解 SECTION I STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY(30%) Part A(20%) Directions:There are20incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D respectively.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences.Then blacken your answer in the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1.Hunting is thought to be_____for the extinction of some wildlife. A.responsible B.blamed C.charged D.denounced 【答案】A 【解析】句意:人们认为野生动物的灭绝与狩猎有关。be responsible for“为……负责”,符合句意,因此选A项。be to blame“对某事应负责任的,应受责备的”,而选项B中的be blamed for意思为“因……受责备”。be charged for因……受指控。be denounced for因……受谴责。 2.The American students came to our school in November,and we then made a _____visit to theirs. A.reciprocal

南京大学考博真题 法学院考博真题分享(回忆版)

2012年南京大学法学院考博真题分享(回忆 版) 来源:https://www.360docs.net/doc/1e2679850.html,(强烈建议去这个网站购买正版!) 因为有四个专业,估计17个导师,故每个导师出了两道题,考生自己选择与所报导师相关题目 杨春福,周安平: 1.试论自然法学派的发展历程、主要内容及其对当代中国法治建设的借鉴意义 2.试比较亚里士多德的正义理论与罗尔斯的正义论 张仁善 3.试论中国法治进程中如何处理好继承本土法律传统与移植先进法律文明的关系 4.论述中国实现司法公正所面临的政治、社会与文化的挑战 王太高 5.国务院发布的《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》将“合法行政”界定为“行政机关实施行政管理,应当依照法律、法规、规章的规定进行;没有法律、法规、规章的规定,行政机关不得作出影响公民、法人和其他组织合法权益或者增加公民、法人和其他组织义务的决定。”谈谈你对该条规定的理解。 6.公司法第199条规定:“违反本法规定,虚报注册资本、提交虚假材料或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实取得公司登记的,由公司登记机关责令改正,对虚报注册资本的公司,处以虚报注册资本金额百分之五以上百分之十五以下的罚款;对提交虚假材料或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实的公司,处以五万元以上五十万元以下的罚款;情节严重的,撤销公司登记或者吊销营业执照。”结合我国《行政处罚法》《行政许可法》评析该条规定。 孙国祥 7.试析受贿罪构成要件中“为他人谋取利益”的规定 8.结合我国历次刑法修改论述经济刑法的发展与趋势 狄小华 9.试析正当程序在刑事解纷中的应用 10.以权力与权利关系评述我国刑诉法修正草案 叶金强、张淳(是两道案例题,字数太多,省略了。不好意思) 11. 12. 范建 13.试论民商事规范区分 14.试论商事风险

医学考博英语翻译训练题

医学考博英语翻译训练题:艾滋之谜揭晓 An AIDS Mystery Solved (1)About 15 years ago,a well-meaning man donated blood to the Red Cross in Sydney,Australia,not knowing he has been exposed to HIV-1,the virus that causes AIDS.Much later,public-health officials learned that some of the people who got transfusions?containing his blood had become infected with the same virus;presumably they were almost sure to die.But as six years stretched to 10,then to 14,the anxiety of health officials gave way to astonishment.Although two of the recipients have died from other causes,not one of the seven people known to have received transfusions of the man’s contaminated blood has come down with AIDS.More telling still,the donor,a sexually active homosexual,is also healthy.In fact his immune system remains as robust as if he had never tangled with HIV at all.What could explain such unexpected good fortune? (2)A team of Australian scientists has finally solved the mystery.The virus that the donor contracted and then passed on,the team reported last week in the journal Science.contains flaws in its genetic script that appear to have rendered it innocuous?.“Not only have the recipients and the donor not progressed to disease for 15 years,” marvels molecular biologist Nicholas Deacon of Australia’s Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Re-search,“but the prediction is that they never will.” Deacon speculates that this “impotent”HIV may even be a natural inoculant?that protects its carriers against more virulent strains?of the virus,much as infection with cowpox warded off smallpox in 18th-century milkmaids. (3)If this ______ proves right,it will mark a milestone in the battle to contain the late-20th century’s most terrible epidemic.For in addition to explaining why this small group of people infected with HIV has not become sick,the discovery of a viral strain that works like a vaccine would have far-reaching implications.“What these results suggest,” says Dr.Barney Graham of Tennessee’s Vanderbilt University,“is that HIV is vulnerable and that it is possible to stimulate effective immunity against it.” (4)The strain of HIV that popped up?in Sydney intrigues scientists because it contains striking abnormalities in a gene that is believed to stimulate viral duplication.In fact,the virus is missing so much of this particular gene — known as nef,for negative factor — that it is hard to imagine how the gene could perform any useful function.And sure enough,while the Sydney virus retains the ability to infect T cells — white blood cells that are critical to the

相关文档
最新文档