国际经济学英文课件(萨尔瓦多第十版)ch01

In this chapter:
The Globalization of the World Economy 世界经济的全球化 International Trade and the Nation’s Standard of living 国际贸易与一国的生活水平 The International Flow of Goods, Services, Labor and Capital 商品、服务、劳动力和资本的国际流动
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
International Trade and the Nation’s Standard of Living Sources of potential gain for United States: 对美国来说潜在得益来源有：
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Elimination of restrictions on capital flows led to massive international capital movements 资本流动限制的消除导致了大量国际资本流动 Most countries in the world participated
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Millions of immigrants, vast amounts of foreign investments, increased production 涌入数以百万计的移民、大量的海外投资和增 加的产量 Ended with breakout of World War I in 1914.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Economic interdependence has been increasing over the years. 在过去这些年经济依存度一直在提高
结束于1914年的一战爆发
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Globalization of the World Economy Three periods of rapid globalization
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
FIGURE 1-2 Growth of World Production and Trade, 1990-2001 (annual percentage changes).
Claims globalization sacrifices human and environmental well-being to corporate profits of mutinationals 声称全球化为了跨国公司的利润而牺牲了人类 和环境福利，
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Globalization of the World Economy A globalizing world provides opportunities and challenges to nations and people in the world. 世界正在迅速全球化，这给全世界的国家和人 民带来了很多机遇，也带了巨大的挑战。
大多数国家积极参与
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Globalization of the World Economy Anti-Globalization Movement 反全球化运动
Other things equal, the bilateral trade between two countries is proportional, or at least positively related, to the product of the two countries’ GDPs, and the greater the distance between the two countries, the smaller is their bilateral trade. 其他条件不变，两国双边贸易是与这两个国家的 GDP成比例或至少正相关；两个国家距离越远， 贸易额越低。
Access to items with limited availability domestically (such as coffee, bananas, cognac, tin,
tungsten, petroleum and copper)
可以获得许多国内受到限制商品（如咖啡、香蕉…） Access to lower cost products 可以获得低成本的产品 Access to greater product variety 可以增加产品的多样性
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The International Flow of Goods, Services, Labor and Capital Gravity Model 引力模型
The Globalization of the World Economy Three periods of rapid globalization 三次快速全球化
187பைடு நூலகம்-1914
Resulted from industrial revolution, opening up of new resource sources in “regions of recent settlement” 由工业革命引起，在新居民地地区开发新资源来 源
Flow of goods and services Flow of labor and jobs Flow of financial instruments, currency
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Much larger for smaller industrial and developing countries than for United States
The Globalization of the World Economy Three periods of rapid globalization
1980 to present
Most pervasive and dramatic period of globalization 全球化最广泛和剧烈的阶段 Fueled by improvements in telecommunications and transportation 受益于电信和运输极大改善
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
International Trade and the Nation’s Standard of Living Interdependence 相互依存
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
1945-1980
Dismantling of heavy trade protection led to rapid increase in international trade. 严重国际贸易保护的分解导致国际贸易迅速增加
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
CHAPTER O N E
1
International Economics
Tenth Edition
Introduction
Dominick Salvatore
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Economic relationship among nations 国家之间的经济关系 Roughly measured as ratio of a nation’s imports and exports of goods and services to GDP 用一国商品和服务进出口总值比上GDP的比值来 粗略衡量
Globalization is blamed for: 全球化受到指责是因为：
World poverty and child labor in poor countries 世界贫困和贫困国家的童工问题 Job losses and lower wages in rich countries 富裕国家的失业和工资的下降 Environmental pollution and climate change 环境污染和气候变化
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
FIGURE 1-3 Imports and Exports as a Percentage of U.S. GDP, 1965-2001.
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
International Economic Theories and Policies 国际经济理论和政策 Current International Economic Problems 当前国际经济问题 Organization and Methodology of the Text 本书的结构和学习方法
小工业国家和发展中国家，贸易依存度要比 美国大得多
Salvatore: International Economics, 10th Edition © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
FIGURE 1-1 Imports and Exports as a Percentage of GDP in Various Countries in 2001.