新SAT官方指南阅读第十六篇全解析
新sat官方指南阅读试题解析之文本细读题
新SAT官方指南阅读试题解析之文本细读题新SAT阅读比现行SAT更重视学生的文本细读能力与对文本细节的理解。
College Board 在考试改革说明中也明确规定了精读题的考察范围。
一、题型介绍新SAT官方指南阅读试题解析之文本细读题第一种题型：Determining explicit meanings：The student will identify information and ideas explicitly stated in text. 识别明确信息：要求学生能够读懂文章中给出的明确的信息。
第二种题型：Determining implicit meaning: The student will draw reasonable inferences and logical conclusions from text. 识别隐含信息：要求学生能够从文章中做出合理推断与结论。
第三种题型：Using analogical reasoning: The student will extrapolate in a reasonable way from the information and ideas in a text or apply information and ideas in a text to a new, analogous situation. 运用类比推理：要求学生能够从文章中做出合理推断或者能将文章中的观点与信息运用到一个新的，类似的情景之中。
二、出题比例这三种题型在新SAT官方指南阅读中一共有38道(18.3%)，其中Determining explicit meaning占10道(4.8%), Determining implicit meaning占28道(13.5%), Using analogical reasoning占0道(%)。
由此可见，精读能力是新SAT阅读中非常重要的一项考察内容。
新SAT官方指南阅读第十篇全解析
新SAT官方指南阅读第十篇全解析This passage is adapted from Geoffrey Giller,“Long a Mystery,How500-Meter-High Undersea Waves Form Is Revealed.”©2014by Scientific American.Some of the largest ocean waves in the world are nearly impossible to see.Unlike other large waves,these rollers,called internal waves,do not ride the ocean surface.Instead,they moveunderwater,undetectable without the use of satellite imagery or sophisticated monitoringequipment.Despite their hidden nature,internal waves are fundamental parts of ocean water5dynamics,transferring heat to the ocean depths and bringing up cold water from below.And they can reach staggering heights—some as tall as skyscrapers.Because these waves are involved in ocean mixing and thus the transfer of heat, understanding them is crucial to global climate modeling,says Tom Peacock,a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Most models fail to take internal waves into account.“If 10we want to have more and more accurate climate models,we have to be able to capture processes such as this,”Peacock says.Peacock and his colleagues tried to do just that.Their study,published in November in Geophysical Research Letters,focused on internal waves generated in the Luzon Strait,whichseparates Taiwan and the Philippines.Internal waves in this region,thought to be some of thelargest in the world,can reach about500meters high.“That’s the same height as the Freedom15Tower that’s just been built in New York,”Peacock says.Although scientists knew of this phenomenon in the South China Sea and beyond,they didn’t know exactly how internal waves formed.To find out,Peacock and a team of researchers fromM.I.T.and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution worked with France’s National Center for20Scientific Research using a giant facility there called the Coriolis Platform.The rotating platform, about15meters(49.2feet)in diameter,turns at variable speeds and can simulate Earth’s rotation.It also has walls,which means scientists can fill it with water and create accurate,large-scalesimulations of various oceanographic scenarios.Peacock and his team built a carbon-fiber resin scale model of the Luzon Strait,including the 25islands and surrounding ocean floor topography.Then they filled the platform with water ofvarying salinity to replicate the different densities found at the strait,with denser,saltier waterbelow and lighter,less briny water above.Small particles were added to the solution andilluminated with lights from below in order to track how the liquid moved.Finally,they re-created tides using two large plungers to see how the internal waves themselves formed.30The Luzon Strait’s underwater topography,with a distinct double-ridge shape,turns out to be responsible for generating the underwater waves.As the tide rises and falls and water movesthrough the strait,colder,denser water is pushed up over the ridges into warmer,less dense layers above it.This action results in bumps of colder water trailed by warmer water that generate aninternal wave.As these waves move toward land,they become steeper—much the same way35waves at the beach become taller before they hit the shore—until they break on a continental shelf.The researchers were also able to devise a mathematical model that describes the movement and formation of these waves.Whereas the model is specific to the Luzon Strait,it can still help researchers understand how internal waves are generated in other places around the world.Eventually,this information will be incorporated into global climate models,making them more 40accurate.“It’s very clear,within the context of these[global climate]models,that internal waves play a role in driving ocean circulations,”Peacock says.43.The first paragraph serves mainly toA)explain how a scientific device is used.B)note a common misconception about an event.C)describe a natural phenomenon and address its importance.D)present a recent study and summarize its findings.正确答案：C分析：文章第一个段落，作者介绍了一种现象叫内部波浪（internal waves）,而且解释了它们为什么重要。
新SAT阅读题型解析
新SAT阅读题型解析阅读部分一直是SAT考试的重头戏，也是中国学生一直以来的痛点和难点。
这次改革在阅读方面到底有哪些动作?对中国学生又会产生什么样的影响呢?新SAT阅读要求学生在65分钟内完成6篇文章共52道题。
这6篇文章主要分为这三大类：“文学”、“历史与社会研究”和“自然科学”，每文篇幅500-700字不等。
其中，文学类题材占1篇，10-11道题;历史与社会研究占2-3篇，共21题;自然科学类占2-3篇，共21道题。
而“历史与社会研究”这一主题又主要包含两类话题：“立国文档和全球性对话”、“社会科学”。
总6篇文章中，其中有4篇是单篇长文，有两篇是长对比。
题型上，美国大学理事会做出明确规定的是两类题型。
其中语境词汇题有10道，每篇(对)文章2道;例证题10道，每篇(对)文章2道。
与现有SAT相比，新SAT阅读取消了单纯在句子里考察词汇的方式，而强调学生在语境中理解单词;取消了短阅读，所有文章皆是长文;似乎取消了对自传体文章的考察，对记叙类文体的考察从40%左右降低到20%，而科学类文章从20%左右上升到40%。
不止如此，SAT还头一次明确规定了各类文体的比例和题目配比。
新SAT阅读文章的四大题材文学这次改革，美国大学理事会似乎在刻意淡化记叙类文体的作用，其比例从现行的40%将会下降到20%。
跟以前一样，文学部分的考察范围既包括古典作品，也会包含现代文。
文学部分应该还是现代文居多。
理由有三：首先，SAT阅读文章中有96%出版于1900年之后，78%出版于1980年之后(见2013年年度报告文章)，新的SAT 应该仍然会延续这个传统。
二是，在今年4月16日公布的《2016年SAT改革细则》(下称《细则》)中，美国大学理事会一遍又一遍地强调SAT的实用性，强调考试与现实生活和学习对接。
既然强调SAT与真实世界的连接，其作品选择更多的应该是更容易引起学生共鸣的现代作品。
三是，《细则》阅读部分中出现的三篇文章，一篇属于“立国文档与全球话题”(“Barbara Jordan’s Speech”), 一篇属于“自然科学”(“Sea Turtles”)，第三篇则属于“社会科学”(“The Great Reset”)，文学作品则缺席。
OG新SAT考试详细解读 16年SAT考试有救了!
OG新SAT考试详细解读16年SAT考试有救了！还有一次考试就要和新SAT考试说再见了~准备赴美留学的童靴们是不是有点手足无措呢?面对各种针对新SAT的小道消息木有分辨能力肿么办?当然是回归本源，看OG怎么说~别跟错了老大!我们从OG入手，对新SAT进行360度解读，相信童靴们也能从中找到备考新SAT的路子!新版OG对新SAT考试内容进行了综述，包括8个改动的地方(以下详细解析会逐一提到)，接下来对新SAT4个考试部分—reading，wirting and languge，essay，math进行详细的说明，并配套例题说明。
此次发布的改革后OG官方指南PDF版本共计790页，从以上目录可以看出：OG 的第一部分part1可总结为本书以及SAT整体考试的简介，就是导入性的常规介绍。
对考生最有参考价值的信息经整理，核心内容如下：新版OG对于新SAT考题结构布局如下:阅读部分：一个section，65分钟，52道题目;写作(语法和一篇选做的作文)：一个section，35分钟，44道题目;数学部分：2个section，80分钟，58道题目。
共计：180分钟(不含作文);230分钟(含作文)。
以上布局最新OG中Chapter1第12页的改革后SAT整个考试的题目类型，数量和时间安排表，大家可从此表看出新SAT考试的具体考试科目及各科的完整框架体系。
Chapter2 是针对新SAT八大主要改革内容进行详细阐释，这八大方面分别是：1.文本语境理解单词;2.对证据的理解和运用;3.分析性写作;4.数学更贴合实际生活;5.真实的社会情景;6.文史社科多位分析;7.美国建国文件及全球性议题;8.第25页笑脸温馨提示广大考生：新SAT考试选项设置是4选1，而且选错答案不扣分!这么重要的好消息要再说一遍：4选1，选!错!不!扣!分!Chapter3 提供了官方备考建议，内容总结重点是希望广大考生注重阅读和词汇量积，多写多练，提高语言能力，熟悉新SAT考试等内容，第33-36页为大家展示了各科目的大题目设置要求，并没有给出相应小题目。
新SAT数学全解
在以往SAT 各科考试中，数学一直是中国学生以引为傲的优势科目。
与美国学生相比，中国学生普遍数学知识和计算能力非常扎实，取得 800 分的成绩并不鲜见。
然而随着 2016 年1 月旧 SAT 最后一次考试结束， SAT 考试将全面改革。
那么新 SAT 考试登场，中国学生是否还能继续延续以往在数学科目上的优势，首先让我们一起来看看新 SAT 数学做了哪些改变！考试形式总体上发生了比较大的变化，比较明显的是计分标准、题目长度和考察知识点。
虽然考试时间增加 10min，但是总题目数也增加 4 道，同时易错的填空题增加了 3 道。
中国学生普遍数字计算能力较强，所以是否使用计算器相信影响并不是很大，但是考场上分秒必争，如何精简做题步骤，提高做题效率则是那么在最重要的考试内容和题型方面，到底新SAT 数学做了哪些变化，这些变化对学生备考有什么影响。
考察知识点1. 新旧 SAT 知识点变化：新 SAT 去掉了对于数字或者公式本身的运算考查以及经常让同学们头疼的排列组合题目。
然而，新增了一些部分同学没有接触过或者很少使用的知识点如：置信区间，抛物线趋势等。
不过大家不用担心，这部分知识点大家只需要知道并理解概念即可，并不需要同学们去实际计算。
2. 知识点全分布很多同学看到 CB 给出的新 SAT 数学知识点分类会感到无从下手，其实 CB 的分类主要是根据考查学生在数学技能、实际应用以及是否已经具备好进入高等学府学习的知识储备方面来划分的 ;第一部分为代数核心，顾名思义是围绕代数相关的知识，主要包括常变量、不等式、一次方程等；第二部分解决问题和分析数据，主要考查学生在实际生活中运用数学知识和思维解决问题的能力 (包括阅读图表)，这个部分题目因为会涉及到与实际相关的比较复杂的运算，所以只会出现在可以使用计算器的部分；第三部分通往高等数学，包括对复杂的函数和方程等的考查，检测学生是否有能力进入STEM (Science, technology,engineering and math )领域进行更深入的学习；第四部分附加内容，主要涉及一些额外知识点，这个部分内容是不计入 Subscore 评分的，其中主要包括平面、解析几何以及三角函数和虚数的基础知识内容。
新SATOG官方指南权威剖析
新SATOG官方指南权威剖析美国大学理事会(college board)于2015年6月30日发布了最新sat官方指南-the official SAT Study Guide.(俗称“OG”)和以往”OG”有所不一样的是，此次发布的是针对2016年3月以后的新SAT考试规则。
不难发现，新的SAT考试在时间分布，题型编排，阅读内容分析等诸多细节有着明显变化。
此次华联留学教学团队的权威专业的解析相信一定会给广大备考2016年3月以后的SAT学员有着不可估量的知道价值。
新版“OG”对2016年3月以后开始的新SAT考试内容进行了综述，期中包括改动的地方较大的8处地方，同时对新SAT的每个考试部分—reading(阅读)，wirting(写作) and languge(语法)，essay(作文)，math(数学)一一进行详细的说明，并配套例题说明，本书最后附了4套新SAT完整练习题。
需要说明的是，新SAT的“OG”对于各个部分如何统计分数，暂时没有提及。
此次发布的新版“OG”官方指南印刷版版本共计784页，通过目录可以看出：新版“OG”的第一部分可总结为本书以及SAT整体考试的简介，就是导入性的常规介绍。
对考生最有参考价值的信息经过我们整理，核心内容如下：新版“OG”对于新SAT考题结构布局如下：阅读部分：一个section，65分钟，52道题目;写作(语法和一篇选做的作文)：一个section，35分钟，44道题目;数学部分：2个section，80分钟，58道题目。
共计：180分钟(不含作文);230分钟(含作文)。
最新“OG”中针对新SAT八大主要改革内容进行一一的阐释，这八大方面分别是：1. 文本语境理解单词;2. 对证据的理解和运用;3. 分析性写作;4. 数学更贴合实际生活;5. 真实的社会情景;6. 文史社科多位分析;7. 美国建国文件及全球性议题;8. 第25页笑脸温馨提示广大考生：新SAT考试选项设置是4选1，而且选错答案不扣分!一大利好消息!在官方备考建议中，内容总结重点是希望广大考生注重阅读和词汇量积，多写多练，提高语言能力，熟悉新SAT考试等内容，同时为大家展示了各科目的大题目设置要求。
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新SAT官方指南阅读第十三篇全解析
新SAT官方指南阅读第十三篇全解析This passage is adapted from Thor Hanson,Feathers.©2011by Thor Hanson.Scientists have long debated how the ancestors of birds evolved the ability to fly.The ground-up theory assumes they were fleet-footed ground dwellers that captured prey by leaping and flapping their upperlimbs.The tree-down theory assumes they were tree climbers that leapt and glided amongbranches.At field sites around the world,Ken Dial saw a pattern in how young pheasants,quail, tinamous,and other ground birds ran along behind their parents.“They jumped up like popcorn,”he said,describing how they would flap their half-formed wings and take short hops into the air.So when a group of graduate students challenged him to come up with new data on the age-old5ground-up-tree-down debate,he designed a project to see what clues might lie in how baby game birds learned to fly.Ken settled on the Chukar Partridge as a model species,but he might not have made his discovery without a key piece of advice from the local rancher in Montana who was supplyinghim with birds.When the cowboy stopped by to see how things were going,Ken showed him his nice,tidy laboratory setup and explained how the birds’first hops and flights would be measured. 10The rancher was incredulous.“He took one look and said,in pretty colorful language,‘What are those birds doing on the ground?They hate to be on the ground!Give them something to climb on!’”At first it seemed unnatural—ground birds don’t like the ground?But as he thought about itKen realized that all the species he’d watched in the wild preferred to rest on ledges,low branches, 15or other elevated perches where they were safe from predators.They really only used the ground for feeding and traveling.So he brought in some hay bales for the Chukars to perch on and thenleft his son in charge of feeding and data collection while he went away on a short work trip.Barely a teenager at the time,young Terry Dial was visibly upset when his father got back.“I asked him how it went,”Ken recalled,“and he said,‘Terrible!The birds are cheating!’”Instead of flying up to their perches,the baby Chukars were using their legs.Time and again Terry had20watched them run right up the side of a hay bale,flapping all the while.Ken dashed out to see for himself,and that was the“aha”moment.“The birds were using their wings and legscooperatively,”he told me,and that single observation opened up a world of possibilities.Working together with Terry(who has since gone on to study animal locomotion),Ken came 25up with a series of ingenious experiments,filming the birds as they raced up textured ramps tilted at increasing angles.As the incline increased,the partridges began to flap,but they angled theirwings differently from birds in flight.They aimed their flapping down and backward,using theforce not for lift but to keep their feet firmly pressed against the ramp.“It’s like the spoiler on the back of a race car,”he explained,which is a very apt analogy.In Formula One racing,spoilers are 30the big aerodynamic fins that push the cars downward as they speed along,increasing traction and handling.The birds were doing the very same thing with their wings to help them scramble upotherwise impossible slopes.Ken called the technique WAIR,for wing-assisted incline running,and went on to document it in a wide range of species.It not only allowed young birds to climb vertical surfaces within the 35first few weeks of life but also gave adults an energy-efficient alternative to flying.In the Chukarexperiments,adults regularly used WAIR to ascend ramps steeper than90degrees,essentiallyrunning up the wall and onto the ceiling.In an evolutionary context,WAIR takes on surprising explanatory powers.With one fellswoop the Dials came up with a viable origin for the flapping flight stroke of birds(somethinggliding animals don’t do and thus a shortcoming of the tree-down theory)and an aerodynamic 40function for half-formed wings(one of the main drawbacks to the ground-up hypothesis).21、Which choice best reflects the overall sequence of events in the passage?A)An experiment is proposed but proves unworkable;a less ambitious experiment is attempted, and it yields data that give rise to a new set of questions.B)A new discovery leads to reconsideration of a theory;a classic study is adapted,and the results are summarized.C)An anomaly is observed and simulated experimentally;the results are compared with previous findings,and a novel hypothesis is proposed.D)An unexpected finding arises during the early phase of a study;the study is modified in response to this finding,and the results are interpreted and evaluated正确答案：D分析：文章当中，作者提到：Ken Dial设计了一个实验，这个实验旨在通过观察幼鸟Chukars 学习飞行的过程观研究飞行进化过程；在实验过程中，Ken Dial发现Chukars配合使用翅膀和爪子的独特方式,于是他又补充设计了一些实验来研究这个观察的结果。
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新SAT官方指南阅读第十六篇全解析This passage is adapted from MacDonald Harris,The Balloonist.©2011by The Estate of Donald Heiney.During the summer of1897,the narrator of this story,a fictional Swedish scientist,has set out for the North Pole in ahydrogen-powered balloon.My emotions are complicated and not readily verifiable.I feel a vast yearning that is simultaneously a pleasure and a pain.I am certain of the consummation of this yearning,but Idon’t know yet what form it will take,since I do not understand quite what it is that the yearning desires.For the first time there is borne in upon me the full truth of what I myself said to the doctor only an hour ago:that my motives in this undertaking are not entirely clear.For years,for a5lifetime,the machinery of my destiny has worked in secret to prepare for this moment;itsclockwork has moved exactly toward this time and place and no other.Rising slowly from theearth that bore me and gave me sustenance,I am carried helplessly toward an uninhabited andhostile,or at best indifferent,part of the earth,littered with the bones of explorers and the wrecks of ships,frozen supply caches,messages scrawled with chilled fingers and hidden in cairns that no 10eye will ever see.Nobody has succeeded in this thing,and many have died.Yet in freely willing this enterprise,in choosing this moment and no other when the south wind will carry me exactly northward at a velocity of eight knots,I have converted the machinery of my fate into the servant of my will.All this I understand,as I understand each detail of the technique by which this is15carried out.What I don’t understand is why I am so intent on going to this particular place.Whowants the North Pole!What good is it!Can you eat it?Will it carry you from Gothenburg toMalmölike a railway?The Danish ministers have declared from their pulpits that participation in polar expeditions is beneficial to the soul’s eternal well-being,or so I read in a newspaper.It isn’t clear how this doctrine is to be interpreted,except that the Pole is something difficult orimpossible to attain which must nevertheless be sought for,because man is condemned to seek out 20and know everything whether or not the knowledge gives him pleasure.In short,it is the sameunthinking lust for knowledge that drove our First Parents out of the garden.And suppose you were to find it in spite of all,this wonderful place that everybody is so anxious to stand on!What would you find?Exactly nothing.A point precisely identical to all the 25others in a completely featureless wasteland stretching around it for hundreds of miles.It is anabstraction,a mathematical fiction.No one but a Swedish madman could take the slightest interest in it.Here I am.The wind is still from the south,bearing us steadily northward at the speed of a trotting dog.Behind us,perhaps forever,lie the Cities of Men with their teacups and their brass bedsteads.I am going forth of my own volition to join the ghosts of Bering and poor Franklin,of frozen De Long and his men.What I am on the brink of knowing,I now see,is not an ephemeral 30mathematical spot but myself.The doctor was right,even though I dislike him.Fundamentally I am a dangerous madman,and what I do is both a challenge to my egotism and a surrender to it.1、Over the course of the passage,the narrator’s attitude shifts fromA)fear about the expedition to excitement about it.B)doubt about his abilities to confidence in them.C)uncertainty of his motives to recognition of them.D)disdain for the North Pole to appreciation of it.正确答案：C分析：作者在一开始，表达出一种不确定性（my motives in this undertaking are not entirely clear.）在文章结尾处，作者意识到：因为这场旅行，他正在认识自己（What I am on the brink of knowing,I now see,is not an ephemeral mathematical spot but myself.）2、Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?A)Lines5-6(“For...moment”)B)Lines11-14(“Yet...will”)C)Lines23-24(“And...stand on”)D)Lines30-31(“What...myself”)正确答案：D分析：见第1题解释。
3、As used in line1,“not readily verifiable”most nearly meansA)unable to be authenticated.B)likely to be contradicted.C)without empirical support.D)not completely understood.正确答案：D分析：我的感情是复杂的和无法理解(not readily verifiable)的。
这一点可以通过第一段最后一句话“since I do not understand quite what it is that the yearning desires”找到线索。
4、The sentence in lines5-6(“For years...other”)mainly serves toA)expose a side of the narrator that he prefers to keep hidden.B)demonstrate that the narrator thinks in a methodical and scientific manner.C)show that the narrator feels himself to be influenced by powerful and independent forces.D)emphasize the length of time during which the narrator has prepared for his expedition.正确答案：C分析：文章当中，作者说：命运在悄悄安排，让他准备这场旅行；命运的发条，促使他在这个时间这个地点做出选择。