会计英语 第3章 Financial Statements
会计笔记英语知识点归纳
会计笔记英语知识点归纳会计是一门与经济紧密相关的学科，对于学习和从事会计工作的人来说，掌握好会计笔记的英语知识点非常重要。
本文将归纳一些常见的会计笔记英语知识点，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些概念。
1. Financial Statements（财务报表）Financial statements are crucial in accounting as they provide a comprehensive summary of a company's financial activities. The four main types of financial statements are: balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, and statement of changes in equity.财务报表在会计中非常重要，因为它们提供了一个公司财务活动的综合概述。
财务报表有四种主要类型：资产负债表、损益表、现金流量表和股东权益变动表。
2. Double-Entry Bookkeeping（复式记账法）Double-entry bookkeeping is a fundamental concept in accounting.It states that every financial transaction has equal and opposite effectson at least two accounts. This ensures that the accounting equation (assets = liabilities + equity) remains balanced.复式记账法是会计中的一个基本概念。
它指出每一笔财务交易对至少两个账户产生相等且相反的影响。
这样可以确保会计方程式（资产=负债+所有者权益）保持平衡。
会计英语第四版参考答案
会计英语第四版参考答案Chapter 1: Introduction to Accounting1. What is accounting?- Accounting is the systematic recording, summarizing, and reporting of financial transactions and events of a business entity.2. What are the main functions of accounting?- The main functions of accounting are to providefinancial information for decision-making, ensure compliance with laws and regulations, and facilitate the management of a business.3. What are the two main branches of accounting?- The two main branches of accounting are financial accounting and management accounting.4. What is the purpose of financial accounting?- The purpose of financial accounting is to provide an accurate and fair representation of an entity's financial position and performance to external users.5. What is the double-entry bookkeeping system?- The double-entry bookkeeping system is a method of recording financial transactions in which every transactionis recorded twice, once as a debit and once as a credit, to maintain the equality of the accounting equation.Chapter 2: Accounting Concepts and Principles1. What are the fundamental accounting concepts?- The fundamental accounting concepts include the accrual basis of accounting, going concern, consistency, and materiality.2. What is the accrual basis of accounting?- The accrual basis of accounting records transactions when they occur, regardless of when cash is received or paid.3. What is the going concern assumption?- The going concern assumption is the premise that a business will continue to operate for the foreseeable future.4. What is the principle of consistency?- The principle of consistency requires that an entity should apply accounting policies consistently over time.5. What is the principle of materiality?- The principle of materiality states that only items that could potentially affect the decisions of users of financial statements are included in the financial statements.Chapter 3: The Accounting Equation and Financial Statements1. What is the accounting equation?- The accounting equation is Assets = Liabilities +Owner's Equity.2. What are the four main financial statements?- The four main financial statements are the balance sheet, income statement, statement of changes in equity, and cashflow statement.3. What is the purpose of the balance sheet?- The balance sheet provides a snapshot of an entity's financial position at a specific point in time.4. What is the purpose of the income statement?- The income statement reports the revenues, expenses, and net income of an entity over a period of time.5. What is the purpose of the cash flow statement?- The cash flow statement reports the cash inflows and outflows of an entity over a period of time.Chapter 4: Recording Transactions1. What is a journal entry?- A journal entry is the initial recording of atransaction in the general journal.2. What are the steps in the accounting cycle?- The steps in the accounting cycle are analyzing transactions, journalizing, posting, preparing a trial balance, adjusting entries, preparing financial statements, and closing entries.3. What is the difference between a debit and a credit?- A debit is an increase in assets or a decrease inliabilities or equity, while a credit is an increase in liabilities or equity or a decrease in assets.4. What are adjusting entries?- Adjusting entries are made at the end of an accounting period to ensure that revenues and expenses are recorded in the correct period.5. What is the purpose of closing entries?- Closing entries are made to transfer the balances of temporary accounts to the owner's equity account and to prepare the accounts for the next accounting period.Chapter 5: Accounting for Merchandising Businesses1. What is a merchandise inventory?- A merchandise inventory is the stock of goods held by a business for sale to customers.2. What is the cost of goods sold?- The cost of goods sold is the direct cost of producing the merchandise sold during an accounting period.3. What is the gross profit?- The gross profit is the difference between the sales revenue and the cost of goods sold.4. What is the difference between a perpetual and a periodic inventory system?- A perpetual inventory system updates inventory records in real-time with each sale or purchase, while a periodicinventory system updates inventory records at specific intervals, such as at the end of an accounting period.5. What is the retail method of inventory pricing?- The retail method of inventory pricing is a method of estimating the cost of ending inventory by applying a cost-to-retail ratio to the retail value of the inventory.Chapter 6: Accounting for Service Businesses1. What are the main differences in accounting for service businesses compared to merchandise businesses?- Service businesses do not have inventory and their primary expenses are typically labor and overhead costs.2. What is the main source of revenue for service businesses? - The main source of revenue for service businesses is the fees charged for the services provided.3. What are the typical expenses。
英文版财务会计第三章
Analyzing Transactions
Accounting, 21st Edition
Warren Reeve Fess
PowerPoint Presentation by Douglas Cloud
Professor Emeritus of Accounting Pepperdine University
2)An account is simply a record of all the increases and decreases in a financial statement item (such as cash, supplies, and accounts payable).
3)A group of accounts is called a ledger.
© Copyright 2004 South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved.
Task Force Image Gallery clip art included in this
electronic presentation is used with the permission of
2)For most businesses, this system would be inefficient. For example, in the prior chapter all business transactions affecting owner’s equity were recorded in the capital account. Chapter 2 :in the following accounts: capital, drawing, revenue, and expense accounts.
会计英语实训教程(第三章)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Section 1 Balance Sheet
8
Part 2 Intensive Reading
长期负债 留存收益 固定资产 经营周期 应付票据 应付租赁费 实收资本
Section 1 Balance Sheet
Part 2 Intensive Reading
Balance Sheet (1)
I. Answer the following questions according to the passage.
tell me that? B：Yes. What kind of money are you talking about? Do you mean in short term
assets? A：Yes. I need to know what kind of money we have in the checking account. B：The balance sheet will tell you that, but that balance sheet is three weeks old. A：Is there another one coming out soon? B：Yes. A：In addition, I have been looking over this balance sheet. I see something that
Section 1 Balance Sheet
Section 1 Balance Sheet
会计英语 第四版 叶建芳03
GENERAL JOURNAL
Date
Account Titles and Explanation
Jan. 1 Unexpired/Prepaid Insurance
advance (creates an
asset).
Adjusting Entry Recognize portion of asset consumed as
expense, and
Reduce balance of
asset account.
Ye Sun Accounting English
9
Entries to prepaid expenses
Ye Sun Accounting English
Debit Credit
200 200
13
Entries to prepaid expenses
Balance Sheet
Cost of assets that benefit
future periods.
Income Statement
Cost of assets used this period to generate revenue.
50
Ye Sun Accounting English
17
Depreciation Is Only an Estimate
JJ’s Lawn Care Service would make the following adjusting entry.
GENERAL JOURNAL
Financial Statements
1.1 The Balance Sheet
The balance sheet is a financial statement which shows the financial position of a business entity by summarizing the assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity at a specific date. This statement is also called a Statement of Financial Position or Statement of Financial Condition.
1.1 The Balance Sheet
In the account form，the assets are listed on the left side of the table and liabilities and owner’s equity on the right side.And in the report form，the liabilities and owner’s equity sections are listed below rather than to the right of the asset section.Both the account form and the report form are widely used.Exhibit 9-1 illustrates the account form of the balance sheet and Exhibit 9-2 illustrates the report form of the balance sheet.
1.1 The Balance Sheet
CHAPTER 3 The Financial Statements
3.2 The Income Statement
The financial report that summarizes the revenues and the expenses of an accounting period is called the income statement, which reflects briefly the profitability or the operating results of a business for this period. one-step method （Figure 3.2）
income tax payable indirect method interest expense investing activity income statement operating expense statement of cash flows
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
In this chapter, we will discuss 1. The structure and the content of the balance
sheet. 2. The structure and the content of the income
statement. 3. The structure and the content of the statement
multi-step method ( Figure 3.3)
3.3 The Statement of Cash Flows
The statement of cash flows is a statement that provides information about the cash flows associated with the period’s operations and also about the entity’s investing and financing activities during an accounting period。
财务会计英语
财务会计英语1. Introduction财务会计是负责记录、分类和报告企业财务交易和业务活动的一种会计方法。
作为财务会计从业人员，在进行国际商务交流时，熟练掌握财务会计英语是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常用的财务会计英语词汇和短语，帮助读者提高财务会计英语表达能力。
2. Financial Statements2.1 Balance SheetBalance Sheet（资产负债表）是财务会计中用于反映公司资产、负债和股东权益的重要报表。
以下是一些和资产负债表相关的英语词汇：•Assets（资产）•Liabilities（负债）•Shareholders’ Equity（股东权益）•Current Assets（流动资产）•Non-current Assets（非流动资产）•Current Liabilities（流动负债）•Non-current Liabilities（非流动负债）•Retained Earnings（留存收益）2.2 Income StatementIncome Statement（损益表）是财务会计中用于反映公司收入、费用和净利润的报表。
以下是一些和损益表相关的英语词汇：•Revenue（收入）•Sales（销售额）•Expenses（费用）•Gross Profit（毛利润）•Operating Income（营业利润）•Net Income（净利润）2.3 Cash Flow StatementCash Flow Statement（现金流量表）是财务会计中用于反映公司现金流动状况的报表。
以下是一些和现金流量表相关的英语词汇：•Operating Activities（经营活动）•Investing Activities（投资活动）•Financing Activities（筹资活动）•Net Cash Flow（净现金流量）3. Financial Ratios财务比率是评估公司财务状况和经营绩效的重要指标。
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Assets are resources that have been acquired through transactions, owned or controlled by a business, and have future economic value.
Liabilities are usually subdivided into current liabilities and non-current liabilities.
Current liabilities are a debts or obligations that are due within one year.
Assets are usually subdivided into current assets and noncurrent assets.
Current assets are assets that are expected to be converted into cash or sold out or used up within one year or one business operating cycle.
Current assets usually include: ◦ ①cash and cash equivalents, such as treasury bills and money market funds; ◦ ②receivables, such as accounts receivable, notes receivable, and other receivables; ◦ ③inventories, in manufacturing businesses, there are three major types of inventories: raw materials, work in process, and finished goods; ◦ ④marketable securities intended to be hold in a short time; ◦ ⑤prepaid expenses, such as prepaid insurance, interests, rents, taxes, and other prepaid items.
On a balance sheet, current asset items are displayed in order of liquidity or the ease to be converted into cash.
The assets that cannot feasibly be turned into cash within one year, or one business operating cycle.
The following items are all current liabilities:
◦ 1) short term debt; ◦ 2) payables, such as accounts payable, notes payable, interest
3.1 Balance Sheet
Balance sheet is the fundamental and backbone of the whole accounting and reporting system. It presents a company’s financial position at the end of a specified date. Sometimes, it is also referred to as the statement of financial position.
Liabilities are obligations of one business. They are a source of assets and also a claim against assets. Liabilities are presented on the balance sheet by cash equivalent or discounted present value.
Non-current assets usually include:
◦ ①Fixed assets, such as land, equipment, and building. They are normally reported at cost less accumulated depreciation;
◦ ②Intangible assets, such as patents, trade marks, copyrights, franchises and intellectual property.
They are normally reported at cost minus the amount previously amortized.
The balance sheet mainly includes three segments: assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity.
According to the liquidity of accounts, items in balance sheet are subcategorized and listed separately.