北师大教育硕士英语习题答案和课文译文
unit北师教育硕士英语课文翻译及课后答案
Unit 2Text A Three Peach StonesI. Exploring the Texti. Comprehension of the Text1. Choose the best answer for each of the following question.1）C 2）A 3）B 4) D 5）C2. Answer the following questions. (略)ii. Critical Reading1．Discuss the following questions. (略)2. List the Chinese meanings of the following words. And then guess the real meaning of it in each sentence.1) 墓碑；宝石；结石；核2) 丰满的；一轮；饮料的一巡；从头至尾地3) 一丝；鬼；阴影；荒凉的（无人居住的）4) 退休；退出；撤退；上床睡觉5) 鸭子；低头；躲闪；潜水II. Activating Your Vocabularyi. Match the definitions in Column B with the italicized words and phrases in Column A.A B___g__1) nobody could endure such pain a. look, peep___f__2) a bewildered expression b. a slight or faint trace___e__3) an ecstasy of delight c. obedience___h__4) I knock two rooms into one d. lawyer, council___b__5) a ghost of smile e. intense joy or delight___a__6) he peered into the darkness f. confused___c__7) she accepted it with resignation g. bear, tolerate___d__8) he is a barrister h. remove a wall for bigger roomii. Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a word or phrase in the following box. Each word or phrase could be used only once. Change the forms where necessary.1) resigned 2) round 3) distorted 4) sin 5) grinned 6) penal 7) potter about 8) definition9) pull in 10) banqueted 11) paternal 12) extract 13) put out 14) sheer 15) tribeIII. Enriching Your Word Poweri. Now add the suffixes -al to the words given below and then put them in the blanks to complete the following sentences. Change the forms where necessary.1) global 2) frontal 3) educational 4) exceptional 5) parental 6) emotional 7) regional8) conventionalii. Fill in the following chart by making use of the clues given in it. If necessary, turn to a dictionary.Azaleas; chrysanthemum; daisyIV. Challenging Your GrammarExercise: Rewrite the following sentences by using absolute construction to make them more concise.1)The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.2)Our teacher entered the classroom, a book in hand.3)The children were watching the acrobatic show, their eyes wide open.4)There having been no rain recently, the ground became very dry.5)This book is the first of his series, the second to be published soon.6)The question having been settled, the meeting adjourned.7)He being twenty-five pounds heavier than I, I heaved him to the window by his shirt collar.8)The weather permitting, the cricket match will be played on Wednesday.V. Practicing Your Translation Skillsi. Translate the following into Chinese再看看一个大人，我们中间任何人都行。
高译教育-北京师范大学考研英语翻译基础真题2013
2013年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆版英语翻译基础一、英译汉tariff barriersoft soaptrade partnera shallow laughterprize fellowarchiles' heeldemanding worka wet hennetizenrelease a polla counter-offereconomy classsoftware wizardpolite societychild's play二、汉译英粮食安全人肉搜索团购山寨买一赠一彩票食用方法大片水货吉日暂停归化方便面靶心三、文段互译汉译英汴河泣玉的故事在中国文化的历史长河中，不管是太平盛世玉，还是群雄争霸，人们一直喜欢佩戴玉饰，并写诗歌颂它。
玉的身影在许多传说中都有，人们对它寄予了很多美好的希望。
在春秋时期，楚国有个名叫卞和的人，从山中得到一块璞石，把它献给了厉王。
厉王大怒，下令命人砍去了卞和的左脚。
等到厉王死去，武王登位后，卞和又把那块璞石献给了武王。
武王下令砍去了他的右脚。
而后，武王驾崩，文王登位。
卞和捧着那块璞石，在山脚下痛哭了三天三夜。
文王听说了这件事后，派人寻到了卞和，命人切开璞玉，美玉显露了出来，于是命名这块美玉为“和氏璧”。
如果不能预见懂得品识它的人，它的美就永远不能向世人展示。
玉的品德难得一见，汴河的品德也像玉一样。
英译汉Today, Americans are feeling the gradual andsubtle effects of globalization that challenge the economic and strategicleadershipthat the United States has enjoyed since World war Ⅱ.A substantial portion of our work-force findsitself in direct competition for jobs with lower-wage workers around the globe,and leading-edge scientific and engineering work is being accomplished in manyparts of the world. Thanks to globalization, driven by modern communicationsand other advances, workers in virtually every sector must now face competitorswho live just a mouse-click away in Ireland, Finland, China, India, or dozensof other nations whose economies are growing. This has been aptly referred toas “the Death of Distance.”What are the top10 actions, in priority order, thatthe federal policymakers could take to enhance the science and technologyenterprise so that the United States can successfully compete, proper, and besecure in the global community of the 21st century? What strategy,with several concrete steps, could be used to implement each of those actions?。
unit7北师教育硕士英语课文翻译及课后答案
unit7北师教育硕⼠英语课⽂翻译及课后答案Unit 7Text A Why Marriages FailI. Exploring the Texti. Comprehension of the Text1. Questions on the author’s ideas and techniques1) The essay largely develops in a mixing pattern, consisting of both cause-and-effect pattern andproblem-and-solution pattern. Paragraph 1 to 6 focus on the causes of marriage failure and paragraph 7 to14 focus on the solution for marriage crisis.2) For reference2. True or false questions1) F 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) Fii. Critical ReadingInvestigating the writing background1) Purpose: explain and persuade2) The pronoun “we” and the expression “All right” (in Par. 13) shorten the distance between the author and the readers, and it seems the author is talking with her readers instead of imposing her opinions. Therefore, the essay will be more readily accepted.3) Source: a magazine of Family Weekly4) Intended readers: adults in general, especially those who are involved in marriage crisis5) Authorities: Dr. Carl A. Whitaker in paragraph 3 and Sigmund Freud in paragraph 4. The purpose is to be persuasive. II. Activating Your Vocabularyi. Matching1) e 2) f 3) a 4) h 5) b 6) c 7) d 8) i 9) j 10) gii. Fill in the blanks1) rang with 2) nibble away 3) addiction 4) trying 5) suffocates6) forge 7) chaos 8) project 9) peril 10) compromises11) turning to 12) gambled away 13) compulsive 14) cling toIII. Enriching Your Word Poweri. Fill in the blanks1) childhood 2) bankruptcy 3) achievement 4) completion 5) accuracy6) argument 7) parenthood 8) suitability 9) election 10) responsibilityii. Connotative meaning1) negative 2) positive 3) positive 4) positive5) negative 6) positive 7) negative 8) positiveIV. Challenging Your GrammarExercise:1)She likes cooking, jogging, and reading.2)Alice ran across the yard, jumped over the fence, and sprinted down the alley.3) The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should not eat toomuch, and that they should do some warm-up exercises before the game.4)The manager was asked to write his report quickly, accurately, and thoroughly.5) The dictionary can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correctspellings, and irregular verbs.V. Practicing Your Translation Skillsi. Translate the following into Chinese因此不难发现，沟通对幸福的婚姻何等重要。
北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案北京师范大学（回忆+原题）翻译硕士英语一、20个单项选择：主要考察单词和词组，不考察语法，考了ecstacy,incentive,prevalent等等。
这题需要大家扩充词汇量。
二、阅读理解：第一篇，演讲中逻辑和修辞的作用，想要说服人们，仅有逻辑是不够的，必须发挥修辞的作用。
第二篇，印象派画家的兴起，风格与画法。
第三篇，日本企业雇佣制度进行了改革，以前是终身制，职员为企业尽心尽力，老年享受公司退休制度的福利，升职靠资历。
（以上三篇考的是选择题）第四篇，关于快乐的两个发现，人的快乐程度受基因和年龄影响。
考的是问答题。
三、作文：People send gifts on important occasions likeweddings,funerals,promoion,graduation,etc.some people think gift is a token of goodwill,others think expensive gifts will harm people's relations and are just vanity.Write a composition about300-400words,and express your own opinion.英语翻译基础一、英译汉及才思教育解析the Authorized Version钦定版圣经flesh and blood血肉之躯a wet blanket令人扫兴的人puppy love早年初恋the Analects论语contact lenses隐形眼镜proof positive铁证track and field田径运动child's play容易干的事，不重要的事danger money危险工作的额外报酬pull sb's leg愚弄某人in for a penny,in for a pound一不做二不休between the devil and the deep blue sea左右为难real economy实体经济二、汉译英及才思教育解析音译transliteration国内生产总值GDP八折优惠20%off左上角top left corner淡酒light wine老于世故的人man of the world/sophisticated person硬性推销hard sale promotion天道酬勤god helps those who help themselves隔墙有耳wall have ears三三两两small knots of people耐用消费品durable consumer goods招领启事Lost and Found拦路虎a lion in the way可持续发展sustainable development新兴市场国家Emerging Market Countries三、英译汉：I was slow to understand the deep grievances of women.This was because,as a boy, I had envied them.Before college,the only people I had ever known who were interested in art or music or literature,the only ones who read books,the only ones who ever seemed to enjoy a sense of ease and grace were the mothers and daughters.Like the menf**d about money,they scrimped and made-do.But,when the pay stopped coming in,they were not the ones who had failed.Nor did they have to go to war,and that seemed to me a blessed fact.By comparison with the narrow,ironclad days of fathers,there was expansiveness,I thought,in the days of mothers.They went to see neighbors,to shop in town,to run errands at school,at the library,at church.No doubt,had I looked harder at their lives,I would have envied them less.It was not my fate to become a woman,so it was easier for me to see the graces.Few of them held jobs outside the home,and those who did filled thankless roles as clerks and waitresses.I didn’t see,then,what a prison a house could be,since houses seemed to me brighter,handsomer places than any factory.I didnot realize—because such things were never spoken of-how often women suffered from men's bullying.I did learn about the wretchedness of abandoned wives,single mothers, widows;but I also learned about the wretchedness of lone men.Even then I could see how exhausting it was for a mother to cater all day to the needs of young children. But if I had been asked,as a boy,to choose between tending a baby and tending a machine,I think I would have chosen the baby.四、汉译英：书信作为人际交往中传递信息，建立，发展和改变人际关系，联络和加深思想感情，以至评论时政抒发己见的主要形式，古时就已有之。
北京师范大学专业硕士英语教程答案
1 E.P. Torrance, a famous American psychologist, did an interesting survey in 1979. He asked 87 educationists to list out 5 behavioral features of creative students. The data was collected and analyzed. It was found that the top five behavioral features were: original and independent in thinking and action; full of imagination and fond of narration; not blind-followers, unaffected by the recognition of the community; curious, and constantly posing questions.2 What is happiness? I find no way to give it an exact definition. But I know it seems to have little to do with money. Though some people are very rich, they still often feel depressed and miserable. They are indifferent to things happening around. They are fed up with their life. On their face, even a ghost of genuine smile is hard to be found. On the contrary, some people are very poor, and all day long, they are busy with making a life. Yet, they are able to extract happiness from their simple life.3 The ozone layer absorbs most of the potentially dangerous ultraviolet radiation found in sunlight. Ultraviolet radiation is destructive in many ways. It causes skin cancer and cataracts; it suppresses the human immune system; it diminishes the yield of many crops; it disrupts the aquatic food chain by killing microorganisms on the ocean surface.4 Clear creeks flow slowly into the depth of mountain forests; bright larks chirp in the sky; brisk falls jump trippingly into the deep pools…These various sceneries are all the masterwork of nature. Surrounded by nature, people will feel relaxed and comfortable. Nature can make people enthusiastic and energetic, and the greenery in nature plays a positive role in fighting against negative emotions and fatigue and improving health. In such a speeding time with great pressure of work and life, we should come close to nature more often to enjoy the pleasure of nature.5 According to a recently released survey about the professional image and efficiency of workplace people, the Americans waste six weeks searching related materials in messy work environment and cluttered files. It is not rarely seen that in everyday workplace, people cannot find a file in the messy workstation.6 Social emphasis on selfishness and self-centeredness, and the achievement-oriented ethic of our business world, all encourage us to put family in second place. Marriage often represents the transition from selfishness to some kind of sacrifice，from willfulness to self-discipline and from stubbornness to compromise. Family life enables us to learn that a life filled with thinking about others instead of ourselves is the sure road to marital bliss. But largely ignorant of the mysteries of giving, too many people enter marriage with high expectations of unmet needs of childhood, and then senses inevitable disappointment followed by a yearning to escape.7 If to read a book as it should be read calls for the rarest qualities of imagination, insight, and judgment, you may perhaps, conclude that literature is a very complex art and that it is unlikely that we shall be able, even after a lifetime of reading, to make any valuable contribution to its criticism. We must remain readers; we shall not put on the further glory that belongs to those rare beings who are also critics. But still we have our responsibilities as readers and even our importance. The standards we raise and the judgments we pass steal into the air and become part of the atmosphere which writers breathe as they work.8 Teachers are just like the gardeners, and the students are the small trees. The gardener dedicates his heart and soul to caring the small trees, expecting them to grow up healthily and strongly. When the small trees grow up strongger enough to resist heavy winds and storms, the gardener will feel contented. However, his back is no longer as straight as before, nor do steps as steady as before, while his love and concern for the small trees never decrease.9 Books to the human kind are like memory to an individual. They record human history, all our discoveries, knowledge and experience accumulated from generation to generation. They guide us through obstacles, comfort our mind, and set us free from sorrow and pain. They can turn empty boring days into delightful time; they instill faiths and values into our mind，enriching us with noble thoughts and purifying our soul.。
新教材北师大高中英语 Unit2 sports and fitness课文和翻译
新教材北师大高中英语Unit2SPORTS AND FITNESS课文和翻译THE UNDERDOGPart 1Paul and I were on our school basketball team, The Lions.We loved basketball and were both huge fans of the NBA.When we weren't playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV.My favourite player was LeBron James. Paul's favourite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets, although we actually agree that they are both champions.Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall，which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA．Guess what? Paul was only 1.6 metres tall, too！Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.During all those hours of doing jump shots on his own, he used Bogues as his inspiration .Paul once said，“If Bogues could make it，why not me？”Our coach was not so sure. Paul had to try out many times just for making the team.He was still usually on the bench，being just a replacement，which was really toughon him.Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team.However, Paul didn't get a chance.This week, The Lions were playing our main competitors，The Bears, a team whose record this season had been perfect．They hadn't lost a single game.It would be a tough one.Paul didn't know he'd soon get the chance that he'd been waiting for.弱者保罗和我是我们学校篮球队，狮子队的成员。
新教材北师大高中英语Unit 5 Humans and Nature课文和翻译
Unit 5 Humans and Nature课文和翻译Lesson1About three years ago, something terrible happened to me. That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul . You think I am a very old man—but I am not. It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others. All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea. My elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoestrom！” The moment I heard the word I became very frightened .I knew what he meant by that one word well enough.With the wind and waves, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool. We were hopeless . Nothing could save us. I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. We went round and round，nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool. It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature . Suddenly, we went over the edge. I thought my life was over . But moment after moment passed, and I was still safe.The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool—trees and barrels . After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. I then made three important observation . The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell; the second, between two objects of equal extent ，round objects fell down more rapidly; and the third, between two objects of the same size, objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly. So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat. Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.As you can see, the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision. Some time after I left the boat, with my brother in it, it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool. Soon after that, the whirlpool became less wild . Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer, and the moon was shining. I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were. In the end , a boat picked me up . I was very tired. The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable to recognise me. When I told them my story, they did not believe it. Now I have told you, and [10]I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did．大约3年前，我遭遇了一件极其可怕的事情。
北京师范大学翻译硕士(MTI)基础科目英汉互译真题
北京师范大学翻译硕士（MTI）基础科目英汉互译真题the Authorized Version;授权版本flesh and blood; 骨肉之躯，亲人，骨肉a wet blanket; 扫兴的人或物puppy love;早恋the Analects; 论语contact lenses; 隐形眼镜criminal police; 刑警proof positive; 铁证track and field;田径运动child's play;容易干的事, 不重要的事danger money; 危险费（津贴）pull sb's leg;开玩笑；愚弄某人in for a penny,in for a pound; 一不做二不休between the devil and the deep blue sea;进退维谷；左右为难real economy.实体经济音译；transliteration国内生产总值；GDP八折优惠；20% discount左上角top left corner淡酒weak faints （结合：hard liquor 烈酒）老于世故的人Sophisticates硬性推销Hard Sell （结合软推销soft sell）In advertising, a hard sell is an advertisement or campaign that uses a more direct, forceful, and overt sales message. This approach works in opposition to a soft sell.天道酬勤God helps those who help themselves.隔墙有耳；Walls have ears；Beware of eavesdroppers三三两两；In twos and threes耐用消费品；Durable consumer goods招领启事；Found拦路虎; lion in the way (结合stumbling block绊脚石；拦路虎)可持续发展；sustainable development新兴市场国家emerging-market nations凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
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北师大教育硕士英语习题答案和课文译文Unit 1Text A Creating Creative MindsI. Exploring the Texti. Comprehension of the Text1. 1) D 2) B 3) A. 4) C 5) D2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) Tii. Critical ReadingOmittedII. Activating Your Vocabularyi. 1 – f; 2 – e; 3 – I; 4 – g; 5 –h;6– a; 7 – j; 8 –b; 9 –c; 10 –d.ii. 1. emphasis 2. inborn 3. entrenched 4.posed 5. perseverance6.prolonged7. retains8. entails9. surmounting 10. implementation iii. 1. on 2. to 3. in, with 4. out 5.On6. For, to7. in, in8. At, upon, in9. to, at 10. to, forIII. Enriching Your Word Poweri. 1. a. amazed; b. amazing2. a. threatened; b. threatening3. a. awarded; b. rewardingii. 1. 亨利是一个头脑简单的人。
2. 我的叔叔住在一个二十层高的大楼里。
3. 不管你在美国的任何地方打电话，三分钟以内的通话都不到一美元。
4. 人们将能够通过火箭形状的管道从一个星球飞到另一个星球。
5. 两个领导人之间有一次面对面的交谈。
IV. Challenging Your GrammarExercise1. with book in his/her hand2. with uniforms on3. with eyes wide open4. with rubbish everywhere5. with curtain closed6. With a lot of homework to doV. Practicing Your Translation Skillsi. 创造力绝非天生。
相反，学校教育可以培养创造性思维，虽然很多时候它并没有起这样的作用。
要培创造性思维，我们首先需要了解它的有关因素和决定条件。
我们尤其要知道通过怎样的努力，我们可以帮助孩子提高创造力，让他们拥有一个美好的未来。
我们认为培养儿童及成人的创造力包括教会他们利用这六种资源：智力，知识，思维模式，个性，动机和环境。
ii.. E.P. Torrance, a famous American psychologist, did an interesting survey in 1979. He asked 87 educationists to list out 5 behavioral features of creative students. The data was collected and analyzed. It was found that the top five behavioral features were: original and independent inthinking and action; full of imagination and fond of narration; not blind-followers, unaffected by the recognition of the community; curious, and constantly posing questions.参考译文：培养创造性思维罗伯特··斯特恩伯格陶德·鲁巴特创造力绝非天生。
相反，学校教育可以培养创造性思维，虽然很多时候它并没有起到这样的作用。
要培创造性思维，我们需要了解它所利用的相关资源，并决定怎样帮助孩子开发这些资源。
我们尤其需要知道：通过帮助孩子为培养自己的创造性付出努力，我们对孩子的未来可以做怎样的投资。
我们认为培养儿童及成人的创造力包括教会他们利用这六种资源：智力，知识，思维模式，个性，动机和环境。
智力智力的两个主要方面和创造力有关。
根据人类智力的三元理论，这两方面是指定义及再定义问题的能力和思考问题的洞察力。
再定义问题的前提是学生首先具有定义问题的权力。
然而很少有学校会赋予学生这样奢侈的权力。
如果我们要改变教育现状，强调创造性定义和再定义问题，我们必须赋予学生一些权力，一些一直以来由教师掌控的权力。
学生需要为他们自己选择要解决的问题承担更多的责任。
他们也许会犯错误，也许要解决的这些问题根本微不足道，甚至本身就是错误的，但是他们从中学到了东西。
如果我们连他们犯错误的机会也不给，那么他们便无法汲取任何经验教训。
因此，我们不应该总是把问题现成地放到学生面前，而是要让他们自己发现问题。
我们需要帮助他们培养定义和再定义问题的能力，而不仅是解决问题的能力。
当人们对一个劣结构问题，发现一个好的解决方法时，而此时这个解决方法又不是那么清晰，这就涉及到洞察能力了。
需要依靠洞察力来解决的问题往往都是劣结构的，也就是说，解决这些问题没有现成的道路可走。
如果我们希望学生具有洞察思维能力，我们需要多给他们提供劣结构问题，为他们创造机会，锻炼这样的思维。
知识要对某个知识领域做出创造性的贡献，毫无疑问，一个人首先必须掌握那个领域的知识。
很少有人会责备学校没有努力传授知识。
确实，传授知识好像是他们的主要职责。
然而，我们对他们所传授的知识能够在多大程度上培养人的创造性有两点保留看法。
第一，知识和可用知识之间是有区别的。
也许知识被储存在了大脑里，但是储存知识的这个个体却不会运用它。
人们获取知识的环境和他们需要运用这些知识的环境可能十分不同，因而导致这些储存在他们大脑里的知识变成毫无用处的知识。
我们的第二个看法是学生们没有被明确告知为什么他们所学的东西是重要的。
如果学生相信他们能够用之所学，他们就可以学得更好。
除非我们向学生说明为什么他们所学的东西对他们十分重要，否则我们不能期待他们记住所学的内容。
遗憾的是，我们自己经常也不知道学生怎样可以用上我们所教的知识。
如果连我们自己都不清楚，怎么能期待学生清楚知道呢？思维模式思维模式是指人们选择使用或开发他们智力和知识的方式。
因此思维模式不是关注能力，而是关注能力以及通过这些能力获得的知识是怎样在与周围环境的日常交流中运用的。
具有创造力的人常常有立法倾向。
一个有立法倾向的人是指一个喜欢提出问题并乐于创造新的规则体系和看待事物新方式的人。
这样的人正好和具有执行风格的人相反。
具有执行风格的人喜欢实施体系、规则以及他人给予的任务。
但这两者又都和具有司法风格的人不同。
具有司法风格的人则喜欢评价他人、他物和规则。
因此，具有创造力的人不仅具备用新方式看待事物的能力，而且还应该喜欢这样做。
具有创造力的人通常还具有看待问题的整体眼光，而不仅仅限于局部。
尽管看得见每一棵树，但更看得见森林，这是任何一个想要培养自己创造性的人应该努力去做的事。
个性具有创造力的人似乎具有某些共性。
这些共性包括能够容忍模糊的存在、勇于克服困难并坚持不懈、渴求进步、勇于冒险以及坚定信念。
在大多数创造性活动的过程中，个体都会经历一段摸索时期。
在这段时期里，个体试图理清整个谜团的碎片，想办法把他们拼到一起，并和已知的部分联系起来。
具有创造性的个体需要能够容忍这样的模糊期，等待碎片的正确归位。
在为创造性进行努力的过程中，遇到障碍几乎是一种必然，因为大多数这样的努力会对自己某种已经根深蒂固的思想提出挑战。
除非一个人能够学会面对这样的困境并且克服它，否则很难为自己的领域做出创造性贡献。
当一个人有了一个创造性的想法，并且被他人接受了，这个人可能因此得到了很大的回报。
之后，他就很难再继续前进，平息其他不同的观点。
然而，要保持持久的创造性需要一个人超越他的第一个创造性想法，甚至从曾经一度被认为是一个绝妙的想法中看出问题。
投资的一个普遍原则就是回报越大，风险越大。
大多数时候，学校不是一个引导冒险的环境。
如果学生在考试中冒险地给出一个不寻常的答案，可能会得到一个很低的分数甚至是不及格。
因此学生们不愿意冒险，这样导致的结果往往是因循守旧。
几乎所有具有创造力的人都会经历这样的时候：他们开始怀疑自己的想法，甚至怀疑他们自己。
他们的努力不能像以前那样得到认可，或者从一开始就根本没有得到认可过。
在这时，一个人需要依靠自己的内在信念，相信自己，即使别人都不相信。
动机有足够的证据表明动机在创造性培养中扮演着十分重要的作用。
有两种动机尤其重要：内在动机和优秀动机。
这两种动机都导向对任务本身的关注，而不是对完成这些任务所带来的外在回报的关注。
人们倾向于在他们本身所喜欢的工作中发挥出创造性，而对于那些别人要求他们完成的任务，或者是主要为了一些例如分数之类的外在动机而去完成的任务，人们很难发挥出他们的创造性。
一个人想要在一个领域有所创造的话，不仅要要求自己能合格完成任务，而且要要求自己能出色完成任务。
最优秀的“投资者”几乎总是那些付出必要的努力来实现自己目标的人。
不是成功自己走向他们，而是他们朝着成功努力。
环境我们不能脱离一定的环境来看待创造力。
在一个环境中被认为是具有创造性的东西在另一个环境中也许被认为是无关紧要的。
环境至少在三个方面对培养创造力产生影响：对创造性想法的激发、对持续创造性想法的鼓励，以及对这些想法和成果的嘉奖。
学校可以做一些改变。
他们可以让学生自己定义问题，而不要总是把现成的问题提供给学生。
他们可以运用更多的粗劣结构问题而不是优化结构问题。
他们可以提倡立法风格而不是执行风格。
他们可以教而至用而不是为了应试。
他们可以强调知识的灵活运用，而不是死记硬背。
他们可以鼓励冒险，鼓励一切和创造力有关的个性。
他们可以更注重激发学生的内在动机而不是关注分数。
他们可以用各种形式来鼓励创造，而不是忽略甚至惩罚它。
Unit 2Text A Three Peach StonesI. Exploring the Texti. Comprehension of the Text1. Choose the best answer for each of the following question.1）C 2）A 3）B 4) D 5）C2. Answer the following questions. (略)ii. Critical Reading1．Discuss the following questions. (略)2. List the Chinese meanings of the following words. And then guess the real meaning of it in each sentence.1) 墓碑；宝石；结石；核2) 丰满的；一轮；饮料的一巡；从头至尾地3) 一丝；鬼；阴影；荒凉的（无人居住的）4) 退休；退出；撤退；上床睡觉5) 鸭子；低头；躲闪；潜水II. Activating Your Vocabularyi. Match the definitions in Column B with the italicized words and phrases in Column A.A B___g__1) nobody could endure such pain a. look, peep___f__2) a bewildered expression b. a slight or faint trace___e__3) an ecstasy of delight c. obedience___h__4) I knock two rooms into one d. lawyer, council___b__5) a ghost of smile e. intense joy or delight___a__6) he peered into the darkness f. confused___c__7) she accepted it with resignation g. bear, tolerate___d__8) he is a barrister h. remove a wall for bigger roomii. Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a word or phrase in the following box. Each word or phrase could be used only once. Change the forms where necessary.1) resigned 2) round 3) distorted 4) sin 5) grinned 6) penal 7) potter about 8) definition9) pull in 10) banqueted 11) paternal 12) extract 13) put out 14) sheer 15) tribeIII. Enriching Your Word Poweri. Now add the suffixes -al to the words given below and then put them in the blanks to complete the following sentences. Change the forms where necessary.1) global 2) frontal 3) educational 4) exceptional 5) parental 6) emotional 7) regional8) conventionalii. Fill in the following chart by making use of the clues given in it. If necessary, turn to a dictionary.Azaleas; chrysanthemum; daisyIV. Challenging Your GrammarExercise: Rewrite the following sentences by using absolute construction to make them more concise.1)The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.2)Our teacher entered the classroom, a book in hand.3)The children were watching the acrobatic show, their eyes wide open.4)There having been no rain recently, the ground became very dry.5)This book is the first of his series, the second to be published soon.6)The question having been settled, the meeting adjourned.7)He being twenty-five pounds heavier than I, I heaved him to the window by his shirt collar.8)The weather permitting, the cricket match will be played on Wednesday.V. Practicing Your Translation Skillsi. Translate the following into Chinese再看看一个大人，我们中间任何人都行。