衢州二中高三第一学期期中考试试卷

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4.2 指数函数(精讲)(原卷版附答案).docx

4.2 指数函数(精讲)(原卷版附答案).docx

4.2指数函数考点一 指数函数的判断【例1-1】(2019·河北桥西.邢台一中高一月考)下列函数中指数函数的个数是( )①23x y =⋅ ②13x y += ③3xy = ④()21xy a =-(a 为常数,12a >,1a ≠) ⑤3y x = ⑥4xy =- ⑦()4xy =-A .1B .2C .3D .4【例1-2】(2019·河南中原.郑州一中高一开学考试)函数f (x )=(a 2﹣3a +3)a x 是指数函数,则a 的值为( ) A .1 B .3 C .2 D .1或3【一隅三反】1.(2019·山东高三学业考试)函数()2xy a a =-是指数函数,则( )A .1a =或3a =B .1a =C .3a =D .0a >且1a ≠2.(2019·呼和浩特开来中学高一期中)若函数1()(3)2xf x a a =-⋅是指数函数,则1()2f 的值为( )A .2B .-2C .-D .3.(2019·辽宁葫芦岛.高一月考)下列函数不是指数函数的是( ) A .12x y +=B .3x y -=C .4x y =D .32x y =考点二 定义域和值域【例2-1】(2020·全国高一课时练习)求下列函数的定义域和值域:(1)142x y -=;(2)23y ⎛= ⎪⎝⎭(3)22312x x y --⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭.【例2-2】(2018·湖南开福.长沙一中高一月考)若函数y =的值域为[0,+∞),则实数a 的取值范围是_____.【一隅三反】1.(2020·全国高一课时练习)求下列函数的定义域和值域; (1)12x y +=;(2)y =(3)y =2.(2020·全国高一课时练习)求下列函数的定义域与值域.(1)y =(2)1(0,1x x a y a a -=>+且1)a ≠(3)110.3;x y -=(4)y =3.(2020·河北新华.石家庄二中高二期末)若函数()1,121,14xxx f x a x ⎧⎛⎫<⎪ ⎪⎪⎝⎭=⎨⎛⎫⎪+≥ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩的值域为(),+∞a ,则a 的取值范围为( )A .1,4⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭B .11,42⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦C .1,12⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D .1,14⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦4.(2020·云南五华.昆明一中高三其他(理))设函数y =A ,函数12x y -=的值域为B ,则AB =( )A .()0,1B .(]0,1C .()1,1-D .[]1,1-5.(2019·湖南高一期中)若函数2411()3ax x f x -+⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭有最大值3,则实数a 的值为( )A .2-B .1-C .1D .2考点三 指数函数性质【例3】(1)(2020·贵溪市实验中学高二期末(文))若函数6(3)3,7(),7x a x x f x a x ---≤⎧=⎨>⎩单调递增,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .9,34⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭B .9,34⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭C .()1,3D .()2,3(2)(2019·湖南岳阳楼.岳阳一中高一期中)已知函数1()2xf x ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则不等式()24(3)f a f a ->的解集为( ) A .(4,1)-B .(1,4)-C .(1,4)D .(0,4)(3)(2019·湖北襄阳)如果1111222b a⎛⎫⎛⎫<<< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,那么( )A .a b a a a b <<B .a a b a b a <<C .b a a a a b <<D .b a a a b a <<【一隅三反】1.(2019·浙江南湖.嘉兴一中高一月考)函数2213x xy -+⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭为增函数的区间是( )A .[)1,-+∞B .(],1-∞-C .[)1,+∞D .(],1-∞2.(2019·浙江柯城.衢州二中高三一模)已知定义在R 上的函数()||32x m f x -+=+m 为实数)为偶函数,记()0.2log 3a f =,()5log b f e =,()c f m π=+,则( )A .c b a <<B .c a b <<C .a c b <<D .a b c <<3.(2020·浙江高一课时练习)设0.914y =,0.4828y =, 1.5312y -⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则( )A .312y y y >>B .213y y y >>C .123y y y >>D .132y y y >>1.指数函数性质记忆口诀指数增减要看清,抓住底数不放松; 反正底数大于0,不等于1已表明; 底数若是大于1,图象从下往上增; 底数0到1之间,图象从上往下减; 无论函数增和减,图象都过(0,1)点. 2.比较幂值大小的三种类型及处理方法4.(2020·永安市第三中学高二月考)若关于x 的方程()94340xxa ++⋅+=有解,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .(,8][0,)-∞-+∞B .(),4-∞-C .[8,4)--D .(,8]-∞-5(2020·上海高一课时练习)已知函数2221()2x x f x ++⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则该函数的单调递增区间是__________.6.(2020·上海普陀.曹杨二中高一期末)函数12x y =-的单调递增区间为________7.(2020·全国高一课时练习)比较下列各题中的两个值的大小. (1)0.10.8-,0.21.25;(2)1ππ-⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,1;(3)30.2-,()0.23-.考点四 定点【例4】(2020·浙江高一课时练习)函数()-1=4+x f x a (0a >,且1a ≠)的图象过定点P ,则P 点的坐标为( ) A .(1,5) B .(1,4) C .(0,5)D .(0,4)【一隅三反】1.(2019·涡阳县第九中学高二期末)函数()10,1xy a a a =+>≠的图象必经过点( )A .(0,1)B .(1,1)C .()0,2D .(2,2)2.(2019·贵州省织金县第二中学高一期中)函数21()x f x a-=(0a >且1)a ≠过定点( ) A .(1,1) B .1(,0)2C .(1,0)D .1(,1)23.(2020·宁夏贺兰县景博中学高一月考)函数y=a x ﹣1+2(a >0且a≠1)图象一定过点( )A .(1,1)B .(1,3)C .(2,0)D .(4,0)考点五 图像【例5-1】(2020·广东顺德一中高一期中)函数1(0,1)xy a a a a=->≠的图像可能是( ). A . B .C .D .【例5-2】(2020·浙江高一课时练习)若函数(01,1)xy a a a m =>-≠+的图像在第一、三、四象限内,则( ) A .1a >B .1a >,且0m <C .01a <<,且0m >D .01a <<【一隅三反】1.(2019·浙江高一期中)函数y x a =+与xy a =,其中0a >,且1a ≠,它们的大致图象在同一直角坐标系中有可能是 ( )A .B .C .D .2.(2020·全国高一课时练习)在如图所示的图象中,二次函数2y ax bx c =++与函数xb y a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的图象可能是( )A .B .C .D .3.(2020·上海高一课时练习)若函数2xy m =+的图像不经过第二象限,则m 的取值范围是( )A .m 1≥B .1m <C .1m >-D .1m ≤-4.(2020·内蒙古集宁一中高二期末(理))若直线2y a =与函数|1|(0,1)x y a a a =->≠的图象有两个大众点,则a的取值范围是___________4.2指数函数考点一 指数函数的判断【例1-1】(2019·河北桥西.邢台一中高一月考)下列函数中指数函数的个数是( )①23x y =⋅ ②13x y += ③3xy = ④()21xy a =-(a 为常数,12a >,1a ≠) ⑤3y x = ⑥4xy =- ⑦()4xy =-A .1B .2C .3D .4【参考答案】B【解析】对①:指数式的系数为2,不是1,故不是指数函数;对②:其指数为1x +,不是x ,故不是指数函数; 对③④:满足指数函数的定义,故都是指数函数; 对⑤:是幂函数,不是指数函数;对⑥:指数式的系数为-1,不是1,故不是指数函数;对⑦:指数的底数为-4,不满足底数大于零且不为1的要求,故不是; 综上,是指数函数的只有③④,故选:B.【例1-2】(2019·河南中原.郑州一中高一开学考试)函数f (x )=(a 2﹣3a +3)a x 是指数函数,则a 的值为( ) A .1B .3C .2D .1或3【参考答案】C【解析】因为函数f (x )=(a 2﹣3a +3)a x 是指数函数,故可得2331a a -+=解得1a =或2a =, 当1a =时,不是指数函数,舍去.故选:C.【一隅三反】1.(2019·山东高三学业考试)函数()2xy a a =-是指数函数,则( )A .1a =或3a =B .1a =C .3a =D .0a >且1a ≠【参考答案】C【解析】因为函数()2xy a a =-是指数函数所以21a -=,0a >且1a ≠,解得3a =.故选:C.2.(2019·呼和浩特开来中学高一期中)若函数1()(3)2xf x a a =-⋅是指数函数,则1()2f 的值为( )A .2B .-2C.-D.【参考答案】D【解析】∵函数f (x )=(12a ﹣3)•a x 是指数函数,∴12a ﹣3=1,a >0,a ≠1,解得a =8, ∴f (x )=8x ,∴f (12)==,故选:D . 3.(2019·辽宁葫芦岛.高一月考)下列函数不是指数函数的是( ) A .12x y += B .3x y -= C .4x y = D .32x y =【参考答案】A【解析】指数函数是形如xy a =(0a >且1a ≠)的函数. 对于A :1222x x y +==⨯,系数不是1,所以不是指数函数;对于B :133xx y -⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭,符合指数函数的定义,所以是指数函数;对于C :4xy =,符合指数函数的定义,所以是指数函数;对于D :382x xy ==,符合指数函数的定义,所以是指数函数.故选:A.考点二 定义域和值域【例2-1】(2020·全国高一课时练习)求下列函数的定义域和值域: (1)142x y -=;(2)23y ⎛= ⎪⎝⎭(3)22312x x y --⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭.【参考答案】(1)定义域{|4}x x ≠,值域为{|0y y >且1}y ≠; (2)定义域{|0}x x =,值域{|1}y y =;(3)定义域R ,值域(]0,16【解析】(1)要使函数式有意义,则40x -≠,解得4x ≠.所以函数142x y -=的定义域为{|4}x x ≠.因为104x ≠-,所以1421x -≠,即函数142x y -=的值域为{|01}y y y >≠,且. (2)要使函数式有意义,则||0x -,解得0x =,所以函数23y ⎛= ⎪⎝⎭{|0}x x =.因为0x =,所以022133⎛⎛⎫== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,即函数23y ⎛= ⎪⎝⎭{|1}y y =.(3)函数的定义域为R .因为2223(1)44x x x --=--≥-,所以2234111622x x ---⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭. 又223102x x --⎛⎫>⎪⎝⎭,所以函数22312x x y --⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的值域为(]0,16.【例2-2】(2018·湖南开福.长沙一中高一月考)若函数y =的值域为[0,+∞),则实数a 的取值范围是_____. 【参考答案】(﹣∞,﹣2]【解析】设()421x x g x a =+⋅+,若函数y =的值域为[0,)+∞,则等价于[0,)+∞是()g x 值域的子集,2()421(2)21x x x x g x a a =+⋅+=+⋅+,设2x t =,则0t >,则2()1y h t t at ==++,(0)10h =>,∴当对称轴02at =-,即0a 时,不满足条件. 当02at =->,即0a <时,则判别式△240a =-,即022a a a <⎧⎨-⎩或,则2a -, 即实数a 的取值范围是(-∞,2]-.故参考答案为:(-∞,2]-【一隅三反】1.(2020·全国高一课时练习)求下列函数的定义域和值域; (1)12x y +=;(2)y =(3)y =【参考答案】(1)定义域为R ,值域为(0,)+∞;(2)(,0]-∞,[0,1);(3)[0,)+∞,[1,)+∞.【解析】(1)12x y +=的定义域为R ,值域为(0,)+∞.(2)由120x -≥知0x ,故y =(,0]-∞;由0121x -<知0121x -<,故y =[0,1).(3)y =[0,)+∞0x 知1x,故y =[1,)+∞.2.(2020·全国高一课时练习)求下列函数的定义域与值域.(1)y =(2)1(0,1x x a y a a -=>+且1)a ≠(3)110.3;x y -=(4)y =【参考答案】(1)定义域为[0,)+∞;值域为[0,1);(2)定义域为R ;值域为(-1,1);(3)定义域为{1}xx ≠∣;值域为{0y y >∣且1}y ≠;(4)定义域为15xx ⎧⎫≥⎨⎬⎩⎭∣;值域为{1}yy ≥∣. 【解析】(1)1102x⎛⎫-≥ ⎪⎝⎭,解得:0x ≥, ∴原函数的定义域为[0,)+∞,令11(0)2xt x ⎛⎫=-≥ ⎪⎝⎭,则01,01t ≤<∴≤∴原函数的值域为[0,1) (2)原函数的定义域为R.设x a t =,则(0,)t ∈+∞,11221111t t y t t t -+-===-+++, 0,11t t >∴+>,1201,2011t t -∴<<∴-<<++,21111t ∴-<-<+,即原函数的值域为(1,1)-. (3)由10x -≠得1x ≠,所以函数定义域为{|1}x x ≠,由101x ≠-得1y ≠, 所以函数值域为{|0y y >且1}y ≠.(4)由510x -≥得15x ≥,所以函数定义域为15x x ⎧⎫≥⎨⎬⎩⎭∣,0≥得1y ≥,所以函数值域为{1}yy ≥∣. 3.(2020·河北新华.石家庄二中高二期末)若函数()1,121,14xxx f x a x ⎧⎛⎫<⎪ ⎪⎪⎝⎭=⎨⎛⎫⎪+≥⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩的值域为(),+∞a ,则a 的取值范围为( )A .1,4⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭B .11,42⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦C .1,12⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D .1,14⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦【参考答案】B【解析】当1x <时,()1,212xf x ⎛⎫∈+∞⎛ ⎪⎝⎫= ⎪⎭⎭⎝ 当1≥x 时,()114,4xf x a a a ⎛⎤∈+⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭ ⎥⎝⎦ 函数()f x 的值域为(),+∞a 114212a a ⎧+≥⎪⎪∴⎨⎪≤⎪⎩,即11,42a ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦故选:B 4.(2020·云南五华.昆明一中高三其他(理))设函数y =A ,函数12x y -=的值域为B ,则AB =( )A .()0,1B .(]0,1C .()1,1-D .[]1,1-【参考答案】A【解析】函数定义域满足:210x ->,即11x -<<,所以{}11A x x =-<<,函数12x y -=的值域{}0B y y =>,所以()0,1AB =,故选:A.5.(2019·湖南高一期中)若函数2411()3ax x f x -+⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭有最大值3,则实数a 的值为( )A .2-B .1-C .1D .2【参考答案】D【解析】由于函数2411()3ax x f x -+⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭有最大值3,所以0a >,且当422x a a-=-=时,()f x 取得最大值为2224411412113333a a a aaf a ⎛⎫⋅-⋅+-+ ⎪-⎝⎭⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫==== ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,故4411,2,2a a a-===.故选:D 考点三 指数函数性质【例3】(1)(2020·贵溪市实验中学高二期末(文))若函数6(3)3,7(),7x a x x f x a x ---≤⎧=⎨>⎩单调递增,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .9,34⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭B .9,34⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭C .()1,3D .()2,3(2)(2019·湖南岳阳楼.岳阳一中高一期中)已知函数1()2xf x ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则不等式()24(3)f a f a ->的解集为( ) A .(4,1)-B .(1,4)-C .(1,4)D .(0,4)(3)(2019·湖北襄阳)如果1111222b a⎛⎫⎛⎫<<< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,那么( )A .a b a a a b <<B .a a b a b a <<C .b a a a a b <<D .b a a a b a <<【参考答案】(1)B (2)B(3)C【解析】(1)函数6(3)3,7(),7x a x x f x a x ---⎧=⎨>⎩单调递增,()301373a a a a⎧->⎪∴>⎨⎪-⨯-≤⎩解得934a ≤<所以实数a 的取值范围是9,34⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭.故选:B .(2)可知函数()f x 为减函数,由2(4)(3)f a f a ->,可得243a a-<,整理得2340a a --<,解得14a -<<,所以不等式的解集为(1,4)-.故选B.(3) 根据函数()1()2x f x =在R 是减函数,且1111222ba⎛⎫⎛⎫<<< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,所以10b a >>>,所以a a b a b a <<,故选C.【一隅三反】1.(2019·浙江南湖.嘉兴一中高一月考)函数2213x xy -+⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭为增函数的区间是( )A .[)1,-+∞B .(],1-∞-C .[)1,+∞D .(],1-∞【参考答案】C【解析】∵13uy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭是减函数,222(1)1u x x x =-+=--+在(,1]-∞上递增,在[1,)+∞上递减,∴函数2213x xy -+⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的增区间是[1,)+∞.故选:C .2.(2019·浙江柯城.衢州二中高三一模)已知定义在R 上的函数()||32x m f x -+=+m 为实数)为偶函数,记()0.2log 3a f =,()5log b f e =,()c f m π=+,则( )11.指数函数性质记忆口诀指数增减要看清,抓住底数不放松; 反正底数大于0,不等于1已表明; 底数若是大于1,图象从下往上增; 底数0到1之间,图象从上往下减; 无论函数增和减,图象都过(0,1)点. 2.比较幂值大小的三种类型及处理方法A .c b a <<B .c a b <<C .a c b <<D .a b c <<【参考答案】B【解析】()f x 为偶函数,()()f x f x ∴-=,||||3232x m x m --+-+∴+=+,||||x m x m ∴-+=+;0m ∴=;||()32x f x -∴=+;()f x ∴在[0,)+∞上单调递减,并且0.25(|log 3|)(log 3)a f f ==,5(log )b f e =,()()c f m f ππ=+=550log log 3e π<<<c a b ∴<<.故选:B .3.(2020·浙江高一课时练习)设0.914y =,0.4828y =, 1.5312y -⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则( )A .312y y y >>B .213y y y >>C .123y y y >>D .132y y y >>【参考答案】D【解析】 1.50.920.9 1.80.4830.481.44 1.35121422,22282,y y y -⨯⨯⎛⎫======⎝== ⎪⎭,因为函数2xy =在定义域上为单调递增函数,所以132y y y >>.故选:D .4.(2020·永安市第三中学高二月考)若关于x 的方程()94340xxa ++⋅+=有解,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A .(,8][0,)-∞-+∞B .(),4-∞-C .[8,4)--D .(,8]-∞-【参考答案】D【解析】由9(4)340x xa ++⋅+=,得443(4)0,(4)3433xxx x a a +++=∴-+=+≥(当且仅当32x =时等号成立),解得8a ≤-故选D5(2020·上海高一课时练习)已知函数2221()2x x f x ++⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则该函数的单调递增区间是__________.【参考答案】(,1]-∞-【解析】由题得函数的定义域为R . 设2122,()2uu x x v =++=,函数222,u x x =++在∞(-,-1]单调递减,在[1,)-+∞单调递增,函数1()2uv =在其定义域内单调递减,所以2221()2x x f x ++⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭在∞(-,-1]单调递增,在[1,)-+∞单调递减.故参考答案为:(,1]-∞-.6.(2020·上海普陀.曹杨二中高一期末)函数12x y =-的单调递增区间为________【参考答案】(,0]-∞【解析】函数12,010221,1x xxy x x ⎧->⎪=⎨⎛⎫-≤⎪ ⎪⎝⎭=⎩-, 根据指数函数单调性可得,函数在(,0]-∞单调递增,在0,单调递减,所以函数12xy =-的单调递增区间为(,0]-∞.故参考答案为:(,0]-∞ 7.(2020·全国高一课时练习)比较下列各题中的两个值的大小. (1)0.10.8-,0.21.25;(2)1ππ-⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,1;(3)30.2-,()0.23-.【参考答案】(1)0.10.20.81.25-<(2)11ππ-⎛⎫> ⎪⎝⎭(3)()0.230.23->-【解析】(1)因为0.10.10.1450.854--⎛⎫⎛⎫== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭, 0.20.251.254⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭, 又指数函数54xy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭为增函数,且0.10.2<,所以0.10.25544⎛⎫⎛⎫< ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,即0.10.20.8 1.25-<. (2)1ππ-⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭01πππ=>=,(3)30.2-00.21>=,()()10.25330-=-=<,所以()0.230.23->-.考点四 定点【例4】(2020·浙江高一课时练习)函数()-1=4+x f x a (0a >,且1a ≠)的图象过定点P ,则P 点的坐标为( ) A .(1,5) B .(1,4) C .(0,5)D .(0,4)【参考答案】A【解析】因为xy a =的图象恒过(0,1)点,则1x y a-=的图象恒过(1,1)点,所以()-1=4+x f x a恒过定点()1,5P .故选A .【一隅三反】1.(2019·涡阳县第九中学高二期末)函数()10,1xy a a a =+>≠的图象必经过点( )A .(0,1)B .(1,1)C .()0,2D .(2,2)【参考答案】C【解析】函数x y a =的图象过点(0,1),而函数1x y a =+的图象是把函数x y a =的图象向上平移1个单位,∴函数1x y a =+的图象必经过的点(0,2).故选:C .2.(2019·贵州省织金县第二中学高一期中)函数21()x f x a-=(0a >且1)a ≠过定点( ) A .(1,1) B .1(,0)2C .(1,0)D .1(,1)2【参考答案】D【解析】令12102x x -=⇒=,所以函数21()x f x a -=(0a >且1)a ≠过定点1(,1)2. 3.(2020·宁夏贺兰县景博中学高一月考)函数y=a x ﹣1+2(a >0且a≠1)图象一定过点( )A .(1,1)B .(1,3)C .(2,0)D .(4,0)【参考答案】B 由x ﹣1=0,解得x=1,此时y=1+2=3,即函数的图象过定点(1,3),故选B考点五 图像【例5-1】(2020·广东顺德一中高一期中)函数1(0,1)xy a a a a=->≠的图像可能是( ). A . B .C .D .【参考答案】D 【解析】∵0a >,∴10a>,∴函数x y a =需向下平移1a 个单位,不过(0,1)点,所以排除A,当1a >时,∴101a <<,所以排除B,当01a <<时,∴11a>,所以排除C,故选D. 【例5-2】(2020·浙江高一课时练习)若函数(01,1)xy a a a m =>-≠+的图像在第一、三、四象限内,则( ) A .1a >B .1a >,且0m <C .01a <<,且0m >D .01a <<【参考答案】B【解析】因为函数xy a =的图像在第一、二象限内,所以欲使其图像在第三、四象限内,必须将xy a =向下移动,因为当01a <<时,图像向下移动,只能经过第一、二、四象限或第二、三、四象限, 所以只有当1a >时,图像向下移动才可能经过第一、三、四象限,故1a >,因为图像向下移动小于一个单位时,图像经过第一、二、三象限,而向下移动一个单位时,图像恰好经过原点和第一、三象限,所以欲使图像经过第一、三、四象限,则必须向下平移超过一个单位, 故11m -<-,0m <,故选:B.【一隅三反】1.(2019·浙江高一期中)函数y x a =+与xy a =,其中0a >,且1a ≠,它们的大致图象在同一直角坐标系中有可能是 ( )A .B .C .D .【参考答案】D【解析】因为函数y x a =+单调递增,所以排除AC 选项;当1a >时,y x a =+与y 轴交点纵坐标大于1,函数xy a =单调递增,B 选项错误;当01a <<时,y x a =+与y 轴交点纵坐标大于0小于1,函数xy a =单调递减;D 选项正确.故选:D2.(2020·全国高一课时练习)在如图所示的图象中,二次函数2y ax bx c =++与函数xb y a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的图象可能是( )A .B .C .D .【参考答案】A【解析】根据选项中二次函数图象,可知0c ,根据选项中指数函数的图象,可知01b a <<,所以1022b a-<-<, 所以二次函数2y ax bx c =++的对称轴在y 轴左侧,且1,022b x a ⎛⎫=-∈- ⎪⎝⎭, 所以可排除B 、C 、D,只有A 符合题意.故选:A.3.(2020·上海高一课时练习)若函数2xy m =+的图像不经过第二象限,则m 的取值范围是( )A .m 1≥B .1m <C .1m >-D .1m ≤-【参考答案】D【解析】指数函数2x y =过点0,1,则函数2xy m =+过点()0,1m +,若图像不经过第二象限,则10m +≤,即1m ≤-,故选:D4.(2020·内蒙古集宁一中高二期末(理))若直线2y a =与函数|1|(0,1)x y a a a =->≠的图象有两个大众点,则a 的取值范围是___________【参考答案】102⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,【解析】当01,1a a <<>时,做出|1|xy a =-图象,如下图所示,直线2y a =与函数|1|(0,1)x y a a a =->≠的图象有两个大众点时,1021,02a a <<<<. 故参考答案为:102⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,知识改变命运。

高考关键词、点评、广告词、对联的写法

高考关键词、点评、广告词、对联的写法

2014学年第一学期十校联合体高三期中联考 欣赏丰子恺先生的漫画《取苹果》,ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้一段文字, 表现画面的旨趣。(4分) 要求:①配合画面情景;②运用一种修辞,使表 达鲜明生动;③字数不超过40字。
【参考答案】没有什么能难住一个孩子!桌 子上的苹果啊,你怎会想到那拉开的抽屉就 是到达你的天梯? (内容完整准确,2分;突出童趣,运用修辞 、表达生动,2分,字数超过1—3个扣1分,4 个及以上扣2分。)
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第一类: ③④ ⑥命名:岗位职责; 第二类: ①②⑤命名:任职要求。
3、(14山东卷) 用下面的短语组成两副有 关春节和端午的对联。要求:上下联各为7字 ,语言连贯,符合节日和对联特点,不得重 复使用短语。(4分) 门上桃符 碧波竞舟 江边柳线 青艾驱 瘴 迎春绿 十里欢 耀眼红 千家乐 【试题答案】示例: 春 节:江边柳线迎春绿 门上桃符耀眼红 端午节:青艾驱瘴千家乐 碧波竞舟十里欢
(14湖南卷)中国美术馆和台湾长流美术馆共同举办的 “江山万里——张大千艺术展”今日与观众见面。走进中 国美术馆五层展厅,迎面的青绿山水画《谷口人家》前站 满了凝神观看的人。这青绿泼彩渲染的画面,墨色浑厚华 滋,层次分明;章法疏密相间,错落有致;勾皴笔法遒劲 雄健,开阖有度,令人叹为观止。在展厅右侧,一幅《江 山万里图》静静地面对着来来往往的人流。 “ ”开阔的画面及其意境,向人们展示着笔墨 点染间的艺术功力,也仿佛在诉说着画家眷恋故土的情怀 。 3.下列选项中的“人家”与语段中加点词“人家”意 义相同的一项是 A.人家在何许?云外一声鸡 B.小女子已许配了人家 C.你走了,教人家怎么办呢 D.诗书门第,勤俭人 家
4、14天津)阅读下面示例,按要求作答〈5分) “丢手绢”是几代人童年时的游戏,多少小朋友 学会洗的第一件衣物就是自己的小手绢。现在的你 还有手绢吗?今天的小朋友可能已经不知道手绢为 何物,纸巾的泛滥几乎让“手绢”成了只存在于词 典中的一个词,“美丽天津· 重拾手绢行动”倡导 大家:少用纸巾,多用手绢。 活动主题:把丢掉的手绢捡起来 宣传语:捡起的是童年记忆 ,留下的是绿树蓝天 生活中还有什么有趣的、美好的或是有价值的东 西正在离我们远去?为了留住它,请你策划一个 小活动,拟出活动主题和宣传语。

浙江省衢州二中2025届高三第二次调研数学试卷含解析

浙江省衢州二中2025届高三第二次调研数学试卷含解析

浙江省衢州二中2025届高三第二次调研数学试卷考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B 铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.已知,都是偶函数,且在上单调递增,设函数,若,则( )A .且B .且C .且D .且2.复数2(1)41i z i -+=+的虚部为( )A .—1B .—3C .1D .23.将函数()sin 2f x x =的图象向左平移02πϕϕ⎛⎫≤≤ ⎪⎝⎭个单位长度,得到的函数为偶函数,则ϕ的值为( ) A .12π B .6π C .3π D .4π 4.下列不等式正确的是( ) A .3sin130sin 40log 4>> B .tan 226ln 0.4tan 48<< C .()cos 20sin 65lg11-<<D .5tan 410sin 80log 2>>5.已知函数()()sin 06f x A x a a A ωπ⎛⎫=+-<< ⎪⎝⎭在区间70,3ωπ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦有三个零点1x ,2x ,3x ,且123x x x <<,若123523x x x π++=,则()f x 的最小正周期为( ) A .2πB .23πC .πD .43π 6.已知数列满足,且,则数列的通项公式为( ) A .B .C .D .7.设函数()()ln 1f x x =-的定义域为D ,命题p :x D ∀∈,()f x x ≤的否定是( ) A .x D ∀∈,()f x x >B .0x D ∃∈,()00f x x ≤C .xD ∀∉,()f x x > D .0x D ∃∈,()00f x x >8. “纹样”是中国艺术宝库的瑰宝,“火纹”是常见的一种传统纹样.为了测算某火纹纹样(如图阴影部分所示)的面积,作一个边长为3的正方形将其包含在内,并向该正方形内随机投掷200个点,己知恰有80个点落在阴影部分据此可估计阴影部分的面积是( )A .165B .325C .10D .1859.已知定义在R 上的奇函数()f x 和偶函数()g x 满足()()2x xf xg x a a -+=-+(0a >且1a ≠),若(2)g a =,则函数()22f x x +的单调递增区间为( ) A .(1,1)-B .(,1)-∞C .(1,)+∞D .(1,)-+∞10.如果实数x y 、满足条件10{1010x y y x y -+≥+≥++≤,那么2x y -的最大值为( )A .2B .1C .2-D .3-11.20世纪产生了著名的“31x +”猜想:任给一个正整数x ,如果x 是偶数,就将它减半;如果x 是奇数,则将它乘3加1,不断重复这样的运算,经过有限步后,一定可以得到1.如图是验证“31x +”猜想的一个程序框图,若输入正整数m 的值为40,则输出的n 的值是( )A .8B .9C .10D .1112.,,a b αβαβ//////,则a 与b 位置关系是 ( ) A .平行 B .异面C .相交D .平行或异面或相交二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。

2024-2025学年高中上学期高二物理期中模拟卷(全解全析)(浙江专用)

2024-2025学年高中上学期高二物理期中模拟卷(全解全析)(浙江专用)

2024-2025学年高二物理上学期期中模拟卷(考试时间:90分钟,分值:100分)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.测试范围:第9~12章,人教版2019必修第三册。

4.难度系数:0.70。

第Ⅰ卷一、选择题Ⅰ(本题共13小题,每小题3分,共39分。

每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,不选、多选、错选均不得分)1.下列物理量是比值法定义且为矢量的是()A .加速度F a m =B .电场强度F E q =C .电势p E q ϕ=D .电容r 4S C kd επ=【答案】B【详解】A .F a m =是加速度的决定式,v a t ∆=∆是加速度的定义式,加速度a 是矢量,故A 错误B .F E q=是电场强度的定义式,电场强度E 与F 、Q 无关,E 是矢量,故B 正确;C .p E qϕ=是电势的定义式,电势ϕ与p E 、q 均无关,但电势ϕ是标量,故C 错误;D .r 4S C kdεπ=是电容的决定式,Q C U =是电容的定义式,故D 错误。

故选B 。

2.在电磁学发展过程中,许多科学家做出了贡献,下列说法正确的是()A .法拉第最先引入“场”的概念,并最早发现了电流的磁效应现象B .库仑发现了点电荷的相互作用规律,并通过油滴实验测定了元电荷的数值C .安培在研究磁场与通电导线的相互作用方面做出了杰出的贡献,并提出分子电流假说D .奥斯特发现了磁场对电流的作用规律【答案】C【详解】A.法拉第最先引入“场”的概念,奥斯特最早发现了电流的磁效应现象,选项A错误;B.库仑发现了点电荷的相互作用规律,密立根通过油滴实验测定了元电荷的数值,选项B错误;C.安培在研究磁场与通电导线的相互作用方面做出了杰出的贡献,并提出分子电流假说,选项C正确;D.奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应,安培发现了磁场对电流的作用规律,选项D错误。

浙江省部分市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月英语汇编:应用文写作(含解析)

浙江省部分市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月英语汇编:应用文写作(含解析)
Yours,
Li Hua
浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中教学质量检测英语试题
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华。为迎接爱尔兰姐妹学校来访,你校英语俱乐部将举行学生活动图片展,现正向全校学生征集照片。你打算参与,请你写一封邮件,说明相关信息,内容包括:
1.描述照片内容;
2.选择该照片的理由;
3.另约时间。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Philip,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for considering my opinion. I’m confident that the course will benefit students in their future endeavors.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求写一封信给你的外国朋友Albert,向他介绍中国高中生对于是否需要开设学生职业生涯规划课程的想法。
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
浙江省湖州丽水衢州三市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中教学质量检测考试英语试题

第二章 直线和圆的方程 专题测试(原卷版+解析版) (人教A版)高二数学选择性必修一

第二章 直线和圆的方程 专题测试(原卷版+解析版) (人教A版)高二数学选择性必修一

第二章 直线和圆的方程专题测试注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)一、单选题(每题只有一个选项为正确答案,每题5分,共40分)1.(2020·福建高二学业考试)已知直线1l :2y x =-,2l :y kx =,若12//l l ,则实数k =( ) A .-2B .-1C .0D .12.(2020·洮南市第一中学高一月考)直线()()1:2140l a x a y -+++=与()2:190l a x ay ++-=互相垂直,则a 的值是( ). A .-0.25B .1C .-1D .1或-13.(2020·江苏省海头高级中学高一月考)直线:l (1)230m x my m ---+=(m R ∈)过定点A ,则点A 的坐标为( ) A .(3,1)-B .(3,1)C .(3,1)-D .(3,1)--4.(2020·广东高二期末)设a R ∈,则“a =1”是“直线ax+y -1=0与直线x+ay+1=0平行”的 A .充分不必要条件 B .必要不充分条件 C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件,5.(2020·黑龙江高一期末)若曲线y 与直线y =k (x ﹣2)+4有两个交点,则实数k 的取值范围是( ) A .3,14⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦B .3,4⎛⎫+∞⎪⎝⎭C .(1,+∞)D .(1,3]6.(2020·浙江柯城。

衢州二中高三其他)已知直线x y t +=与圆()2222x y t tt R +=-∈有公共点,则()4t t -的最大值为( )A .4B .289C .329D .3277.(2020·广东高一期末)若两平行直线20,(0)x y m m ++=>与30x ny --=则m +n =( ) A .0B .1C .1-D .2-8.(2020·北京市第五中学高三其他)过直线y =x 上的一点作圆22(5)(1)2x y -+-=的两条切线l 1,l 2,当直线l 1,l 2关于y =x 对称时,它们之间的夹角为( ) A .30°B .45°C .60°D .90°二、多选题(每题不止有一个选项为正确答案,每题5分,共20分)9.(2020·江苏省苏州第十中学校高一期中)圆221:20x y x O +-=和圆222:240O x y x y ++-=的交点为A ,B ,则有( )A .公共弦AB 所在直线方程为0x y -= B .线段AB 中垂线方程为10x y +-=C .公共弦ABD .P 为圆1O 上一动点,则P 到直线AB 距离的最大值为12+ 10.(2020·江苏徐州.高一期末)已知直线12:10,:(2)330l x my l m x y +-=-++=,则下列说法正确的是( )A .若12l l //,则m =-1或m =3B .若12l l //,则m =3C .若12l l ⊥,则12m =-D .若12l l ⊥,则12m =11.(2020·江苏扬州.高一期末)已知直线l 与圆22:240C x y x y a ++-+=相交于,A B 两点,弦AB 的中点为()0,1M ,则实数a 的取值可为( ) A .1B .2C .3D .412.(2020·江苏省江阴高级中学高一期中)下列说法正确的是( ) A .直线32()y ax a a R =-+∈必过定点(3,2) B .直线32y x =-在y 轴上的截距为2-C 10y ++=的倾斜角为60°D .过点(1,2)-且垂直于直线230x y -+=的直线方程为20x y +=第II 卷(非选择题)三、填空题(每题5分,共20分)13.(2020·湖南张家界。

浙江省2023-2024学年高二上学期语文期中试卷(含答案)

浙江省2023-2024学年高二上学期语文期中试卷(含答案)

浙江省2023-2024学年高二上学期语文期中试卷姓名:__________ 班级:__________考号:__________阅读下面的文字,完成问题。

材料一:在许多文明的历史中,早期记忆与当代记忆之间出现了“浮动缺口”,在艺术史上表现为经典艺术史因排除民间艺术而形成的历史书写缺口。

在中国艺术发展进程中也可以看到这种文化记忆缺口的存在。

先秦的诗乐舞等艺术虽有雅郑之分,但都具有仪式性、民间性的群落文化性质。

体现精英文化创造性的经典艺术从汉代开始发展,经历唐宋元诸朝代的繁荣,在明代达到经典化的高峰。

明代中期文学批评中乃至唐宋派等诸流派的繁荣与纷争,都是以秦汉唐宋的艺术经典为标准和指归而展开的,民间文艺似乎在精英文化的发展繁荣中没落了。

然而就在这种经典艺术观达到繁荣顶峰的明代后期,个人和民间艺术趣味却又以推崇“性灵”的方式出现,形成了“复古派”与“性灵派”之争。

这种论争呈现出中国艺术发展史中的“浮动缺口”现象--民间艺术在经典艺术及其观念发展的过程中消隐了,而在性灵派的艺术主张和趣味中又浮现了出来。

复古派的代表人物之一李梦阳在晚年也看到了这个“缺口”的历史意义,他惊叹“今真诗乃在民间”,意味着一直被文人视为粗鄙不文的民间艺术并非已经消亡,在经典繁荣的“今”日以其“真”而仍然具有生命力。

历史缺口的发现意味着不同于经典的另外一种艺术史--作为“天地自然之音”的民间艺术史的显现。

近代学者王国维在研究中国艺术思想史的同时注意到了经典艺术和民间艺术两类不同文化传统的美学特征。

他在《人间词话》中研究的是“词”这类经典的文人创作,在元曲研究中则深入探讨了具有典型民间艺术特征的元杂剧。

可以说,他的研究视野沟通了中国艺术史的“缺口”。

他在谈到元杂剧时,毫不客气地批评“关目之拙劣,所不问也;思想之卑陋,所不讳也;人物之矛盾,所不顾也”,显然视之为稚拙朴陋的民间作品;然而同时又誉其为“一代之绝作”“中国最自然之文学”。

浙江省湖州丽水衢州三市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中教学质量检测考试英语试题

浙江省湖州丽水衢州三市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中教学质量检测考试英语试题

浙江省湖州丽水衢州三市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中教学质量检测考试英语试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、阅读理解Four Books about Curious CreaturesIn these brilliant books find out about fleas, foxes and some unexpected friendships. Animal Sidekicksby Macken Murphy.Illustrated by Dragan KordicThis illustrated book explores the idea of symbiosis-animals that form amazing relationships to help each other. You'll learn about clownfish living peacefully with poisonous sea anemone, the frog that lives with a tarantula, and lots more.The Secret Life of Foxesby Chloe Petrylak.Have you ever spotted a fox on the streets of your town at night or even in your back garden? Wildlife enthusiasts will love finding out more about the mysterious lives of foxes. As well as lots of interesting information, this book includes great ideas for ways to help foxes near you.Please Don't Bite Meby Nazzy Pakpour.Illustrated by Owen DaveyDid you know that wasps can build nests as much as five metres wide? Or that fleas can jump 150 times their own height? How do mosquitoes track you down? This interesting illustrated book digs out the surprising lives of some of the buzzing, biting and stinging insects that are all around.Stone age beastsby BenLerwill.Illustrated by Grahame Baker-SmithTravel back in time to meet incredible creatures in this beautiful book. It features many of the prehistoric animals that our human ancestors would have met face-to-face in the Stone Age. Learn about the woolly mammoth, the sabre-toothed cat, and the six-metre snake thatonce slithered along the forest floor.1.In which book can you find the fish that help clean sharks' teeth?A.Animal Sidekicks.B.The Secret Life of Foxes.C.Please Don't Bite Me.D.Stone Age Beasts.2.How is the book The Secret Life of Foxes different from others?A.It deals with a curious creature.B.It has no illustrations in the book.C.It only attracts wildlife enthusiasts.D.It doesn't mention relationships ofcreatures.3.What kind of creatures are mentioned in the book Stone Age Beasts?A.Amazing and giant ocean life.B.Mysterious and fascinating birds.C.Interesting and surprising insects.D.Unbelievable and ancient animals.From the time he was a young boy, Jim Haskins always had a book in his hand. While other kids were outside playing ball, Jim was usually reading. He could be found in one of his favorite places: curled up underneath the kitchen table or up in the tree that grew in his front yard.Jim was born in Demopolis, Alabama, during the time of segregation (隔离). Because Jim was Black, he was not allowed to check out a single book at the public library. Libraries were for whites only. The laws of segregation separated Jim from all the books he longed to read. But Jim was determined. He convinced a teacher at school to lend him books of her own. He even managed to get some public library books through a white woman whom his mom worked for doing laundry.When Jim was a teenager, Black Americans’ struggle for equal rights was becoming the civil rights movement. Many brave people were taking risks by refusing to follow unfair segregation laws. Jim went to Montgomery, Alabama, and joined a civil rights group. The group was headed by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Jim believed in King’s nonviolent approach to change. Once, during a peaceful march, Jim was arrested. Because of that, his college expelled him.He did graduate from another college. Afterward, he went on to teach school in Harlem, a part of New York City. As a teacher, he had trouble finding books that interested his Black students. So he decided to write his own books about successful Black Americans. Through his writing, he met and interviewed many of the people he admired, including Rosa Parks.Today, libraries have more than one hundred books written by Jim Haskins, the boy who loved to read, and today, children of all races can walk through the doors of any public library and find interesting books that inform, entertain, and inspire them.4.What can we learn from the description in paragraph 1?A.Jim Haskins studied harder than other kids.B.Jim Haskins had no interest in playing ball.C.Jim Haskins was enthusiastic about reading.D.Jim Haskins preferred to read under the table.5.What does the underlined word “expelled” in paragraph 3 mean?A.Dismissed.B.Promoted.C.Praised.D.Monitored. 6.Why was Jim Haskins determined to write his own books?A.To rise to be a famous writer.B.To put an end to segregation.C.To appeal to Black students.D.To introduce the people he admired. 7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Pathways into the Library B.Anxiety for KnowledgeC.Struggle for Equal Rights D.Protest against SegregationSome talk of building settlements on the moon or mars to help make sure humanity survives long into the future. Others have their sights set closer to home: on future cities under the ocean.“Technologically speaking, it is absolutely possible to colonize the bottom of the sea,” says Fabien Cousteau, a well-known ocean explorer who once spent 31 days living in what is now the world’s only functioning undersea habitat, Aquarius. It’s about the size of a school bus and located 62 feet below the ocean surface off the Florida Keys.Just as astronauts test what it would be like to live in space, aquanauts try out undersea living with an eye on the future. Escaping from disasters such as climate change, wars, or pandemics is one reason to live under the sea. Others include studying, exploring, or appreciating the ocean. It’s costly and expensive to constantly keep up an ocean habitat which must pump in or make its own air, electricity, and fresh water. Inhabitants have to deal with high pressure. And infections can develop rapidly due to high humidity.Despite the challenges, several new ocean habitats and cities are under construction. A series of space station-like undersea living quarters for aquanauts called Proteus arescheduled to be completed by 2025 off Curacao, an island north of Venezuela in South America. An undersea colony called Ven Base Alpha will be built near a hydrothermal vent, which would supply it with energy. Meanwhile, an undersea city called Ocean Spiral in Japan would link its surface to the deep sea, using the difference in pressure to generate energy and produce fresh water. This sounds amazing, but it would be extremely expensive and remains just a design.Not everyone agrees that building homes in the ocean is a good idea. This type of development could place even more strain on ecosystems that are already struggling with pollution and climate change. It’s important to make sure that any construction is done carefully, says Susanne Menden-Deuer, an oceanographer at the University of Rhode Island. Wild undersea habitats should be treated as “the precious, irreplaceable resource that they are,” she says.8.What do we know about Aquarius?A.It is still under construction.B.It functions as an undersea school bus.C.It is the only ocean habitat in operation.D.It only allows a person to live there for 31 days.9.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A.The present and future of living under the sea.B.The reasons and challenges of living under the sea.C.The purpose and cost of building undersea settlements.D.The problems and findings of building undersea settlements.10.What would be the result of building homes in the ocean according to the text?A.Rapid development of undersea habitats.B.Protection of irreplaceable ocean resource.C.Negative impacts on undersea ecosystems.D.Struggles with pollution and climate change.11.Where is the text most probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An exam paper.C.An academic article.D.A science magazine.Far, far below your feet lies a source of nearly endless energy. Earth's core is about as hot as the surface of the Sun, so hot that it melts the rocky layers above it into magma, or liquid rock. Wouldn't it be great if we could tap into all that energy? In some places, we do!The Geysers is an area north of San Francisco in California where magma's heat turns a reservoir of underground water into steam. This region is home to 18 geothermal power plants. The steam rises up through spaces between the rocks underground, a bit like how steam pours from a teakettle boiling on a stove. The power plant has pipelines that send the steam into the turbines (涡轮机) where electricity flow is generated. Once the steam leaves the turbine, it goes into a cooling tower where it turns back into liquid. Then it's piped back into the reservoir to be reheated again. Other kinds of geothermal power plants pump hot groundwater into the power plant. Then the pressure is reduced, causing the liquid to flash into steam that turns the turbine and generates electricity flow. Once the steam cools and turns back into liquid, it's pumped back down into the reservoir to begin the cycle again.So why don't we all heat our homes with free steam from the earth? First, the heat has to be close enough to the surface for us to reach it. Next, there has to be plenty of underground water to be heated. Finally, there has to be a layer of rock that water or steam can flow through. So in places where all three of those things come together, geothermal energy can be a powerful renewable energy source. Besides, when a geothermal plant returns water back into the hot rocks of a reservoir, it makes the rock crack a bit, which can cause small earthquakes. There's another danger that comes with drilling near magma-pipes and other equipment might melt if they hit a pocket of magma or are caught in an eruption. One geothermal plant in Hawaii was partially buried by lava in 2018. But engineers are hopeful that the repaired plant will generate even more power. Geothermal energy isn't the answer for everywhere, but it's a piece of the puzzle to help slow climate change.12.In which part of power plants is the electricity made?A.The turbine.B.The reservoir.C.The pipeline.D.The tower. 13.What prevents free steam from being widely developed according to paragraph 3?A.Hard surface and possible earthquakes.B.Changeable climate and unqualified equipment.C.Limited underground water and thin layers of rock.D.Unsuitable geological conditions and potential dangers.14.Why is the buried geothermal plant in Hawaii mentioned?A.To demonstrate the great effort that engineers made.B.To show the power that the repaired plant can generate.C.To illustrate the danger caused by drilling near magma.D.To praise the engineers who repaired the generate plant.15.What is the author's attitude towards geothermal energy?A.Unconcerned.B.Unclear.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.二、七选五Tips for Foreign Students in ChinaChina is a very popular destination for foreign students today. 16 At this point, the most popular choices for study are management and technical courses, though the interest in other disciplines is growing every minute. Here is a short list of some great tips for you if you want to study in China.Learn the cultureChina has a history of over five thousand years. Depending on where you come from, you might find it hard to fit in. This is the rule that applies to any transfer you make in the world. 17 The more you learn, the sooner you’ll make friends.Learn the languageEven when travelling for a short time, it’s always wise to learn the basic phrases of the language people speak in your target country. 18 This will help you connect better with the people and show that you’ve made an effort.Know your budgeWherever you go, you need to set your budget before you depart. This is extremely important if you plan to live on a budget for a certain period of time. Before you leave for China to study, check the costs in your selected city or area and plan your budget accordingly.19Don’t limit yourselfMoving across the world to study in a place you don’t know with people you have never seen can seem daunting. 20 Don’t limit yourself. Go all in.A.Get a Chinese phrasebook and learn the must-knows.B.Then, make sure to keep track of it and follow your plan.C.Once you choose the program, arrange the rest of the details.D.If you’re moving to a place with a different culture, learn a bit before you go.E.The colleges and universities are known for their excellence and high standards.F.Studying abroad is a big step, but also one of the best experiences students get to live today.G.However, students who have gone to China to study always regret not spending more time there.三、完形填空27.A.painful B.stressful C.meaningful D.peaceful 28.A.commented on B.escaped from C.thought about D.brought back 29.A.hire B.pick C.interview D.appoint 30.A.frequently B.encouragingly C.likely D.importantly 31.A.dream B.relax C.enjoy D.survive 32.A.difficult B.interesting C.normal D.unusual 33.A.forget B.realize C.promise D.regret 34.A.challenges B.activities C.responsibilities D.jobs 35.A.overcome B.advertised C.highlighted D.imagined四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

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衢州二中高三第一学期期中考试试卷理科数学命题人:余建新 审核人:郑志坚一.选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的.(1)若集合{}{}2||,0A x x x B x x x ===+≥,则A B =I ( ) A .[1,0]- B .[0,)+∞ C . [1,)+∞ D .(,1]-∞-(2)设1:-<x p 或 2:,1-<>x q x 或1>x ,则p ⌝是q ⌝的 ( ) A.充分但不必要条件 B.必要但不充分条件 C.充要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 (3)函数()()111x f x x x -=>+的反函数为 ( ) A .()1,0,1x y x x +=∈+∞- B .()1,1,1xy x x +=∈+∞-C .()1,0,11x y x x +=∈-D .()1,0,11x y x x +=∈-(4)在等差数列{}n a 中,若24681080a a a a a ++++=,则7812a a -的值为 ( )A .4B .6C .8D .10(5)设,21cos sin ,0=+<<ααπα则α2cos 的值为 ( )A .47B .47-C .47±D .41-(6) 已知奇函数)(x f 在)0,(-∞为减函数,且0)2(=f ,则不等式0)1()1(>--x f x 的解集为( )A .{}13-<<-x x B .{}213>-<<-x x x 或C .{}303><<-x x x 或D .{}3111<<<<-x x x 或(7)数列}{n a 中,若),2(11,2111N n n a a a n n ∈≥-==-,则2007a 的值为 ( ) A .-1 B .21C .1D .2(8)定义行列式运算:.32414231a a a a a a a a -=将函数xxx f cos sin 13)(----=的图象向左平移m 个单位)0(>m ,所得图象对应的函数为偶函数,则m 的最小值是 ( ) A.8π B.3πC. 32πD. 65π(9)称||),(b a b a d -=为两个向量a 、b 间的“距离”.若向量a 、b 满足:①1||=b ;②b a ≠;③对任意的R t ∈,恒有),(),(b a d b t a d ≥则 ( ) A.b a ⊥ B.)(b a a -⊥ C. )()(b a b a -⊥+ D. )(b a b -⊥ (10)已知函数]2,2[)()(-==在和x g y x f y 的图象如下所示给出下列四个命题:(1)方程0)]([=x g f 有且仅有6个根 (2)方程0)]([=x f g 有且仅有3个根 (3)方程0)]([=x f f 有且仅有5个根 (4)方程0)]([=x g g 有且仅有4个根 其中正确的命题个数是A .4个 B .3个 C .2个 D .1个 ( )二.填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分. (11)2(12)(32)1i i i+-++= . (12)1lim →x 54222-+-+x x x x =.(13)若关于x 的不等式02>+-x ax 的解集为),,3()2,(+∞--∞Y 则实数=a . (14)函数)1()1(613842->+++=x x x x y 的最小值是 . (15)设P 为ABC ∆内一点,且AC AB AP 5152+=.则=∆∆ABC ABP S S .(16)设)(x f 是以2为周期的奇函数,且.3)52(=-f 若,55sin =α则)4cos 4(αf 的值是.(17)某个QQ 群中有n 名同学在玩一个数字哈哈镜游戏,这些同学依次编号为1,2,…,n 。

在哈哈镜中,每个同学看到的像用数对))(,(q p q p <表示,规则如下:若编号为k 的同学看到像为),(q p ,则编号为1+k 的同学看到像为),(r q ,且k p q =-),,(*N r q p ∈。

已知编号为1的同学看到的像为(5,6).则编号为n 的同学看到的像是 .衢州二中高三第一学期期中考试试卷理科数学答题卷二.填空题)47(⨯11. 12. 13. 14.15. 16. 17.三.解答题:本大题共5小题,共72分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤. (18)(本题14分)已知函数2()2cos 2f x x x ωω=(其中01ω<<),若直线3x π=为其一条对称轴,(Ⅰ)试求ω的值;(Ⅱ)先列表再作出函数()f x 在区间[],ππ-上的图象.(19) (本题14分)已知,,a b c R ∈,2()f x ax bx c =++.⑴若0a ≠,且(2)(2)f x f x +=-,且方程()0f x =两实根的平方和为10,函数()y f x =的图象过点(0,3),求函数()y f x =的解析式.⑵若函数2()f x ax bx c =++的图象过点)0,1(-,是否存在常数c b a ,,,使不等式)1(21)(2x x f x +≤≤对一切实数x 都成立?(20)(本题14分)设数列}{n a 是首项为0的递增数列,(N n ∈),,)(1sin)(n n a x nx f -=,[n a x ∈]1+n a 满足:对于任意的b x f b n =∈)(),1,0[总有两个不同的根. (Ⅰ)试写出)(1x f y =,并求出2a ; (Ⅱ)求n n a a -+1,并求出}{n a 的通项公式; (Ⅲ)设n n n a a a a a S 14321)1(--++-+-=Λ,求n S .(21) (本题14分)已知函数()ln f x x =, a a x x g (21)(2+=为常数),直线l 与函数)(x f 、)(x g 的图象都相切,且l 与函数)(x f 图象的切点的横坐标为1. (Ⅰ)求直线l 的方程及a 的值;(Ⅱ)若)()1()(x g x f x h '-+=(注: x g (')是)(x g 的导函数),求函数)(x h 的单调递增区间;(Ⅲ)当R k ∈时,试讨论方程k x g x f =-+)()1(2的解的个数.(22)(本题14分)已知数列{}n a 满足411=a ,()),2(2111N n n a a a n n n n ∈≥--=--. (Ⅰ)试判断数列()⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧-+n n a 11是否为等比数列,并说明理由; (Ⅱ)设21nn a b =,求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n S ; (Ⅲ)设2)12(sin π-=n a c n n ,数列{}n c 的前n 项和为n T .求证:对任意的*∈N n ,74<n T .衢州二中高三第一学期期中考试理科数学答案1. B2.A3.C4.C5.B6.D7.A8.D9.D 10. B11.i 38+, 12.21, 13.3, 14.2 , 15.51, 16.3- 17.)210,210(22+++-n n n n (18)解:(1)化简可得:()1cos 2212sin(2)6f x x x x πωωω=+=++Q 以直线3xπ=为对称,∴2sin()136ωππ+=±,∴2()362k k Z ωππππ+=+∈ 3122k ω∴=+,111010332k k ωω<<∴-<<∴=∴=Q(2)()12sin(6f x x π=++图略.19.解 ⑴∵(2)(2)f x f x +=-,∴函数()f x 的对称轴为22bx a=-=,……① ∵函数图象过点(0,3),所以3c =, ……② 设方程()0f x =的两根为12,x x ,则222121212()2x x x x x x +=+-=2()210b c a a--= …③由①②③得1,4,3a b c ==-=,∴函数()f x 的解析式为2()43f x x x =-+⑵由0,a c +=得c a =-,2()f x ax bx a ∴=+-,假设0a =或2b a≥. ①由0a =,得()f x bx =,依题设可知0b ≠,因而函数()f x 在[]1,1-上是单调函数,,()f x 的最大值为b ,最小值为b -,于是252b b ⎧=⎪⎨-=-⎪⎩,由此得到矛盾,故0a ≠.②.41,21,41===c b a20.(1)∵01=a ,当1=n 时,|sin ||)sin(|)(11x a x x f =-=,],0[2a x ∈, 又∵对任意的)1,0[∈b ,b x f =)(1总有两个不同的根,∴π=2a∴],0[,sin )(1π∈=x x x f , π=2a(1) 由(1),],[|,2cos ||)(21sin ||)(21sin|)(322a x xx a x x f ππ∈=-=-= ∵对任意的)1,0[∈b ,b x f =)(1总有两个不同的根, ∴π33=a],3[|,31sin ||)3(31sin ||)(31sin |)(433a x x a x x f πππ∈=-=-=∵对任意的)1,0[∈b ,b x f =)(1总有两个不同的根, ∴π64=a由此可得πn a a n n =-+1, 2)1(π-=n n a n当Z k k n ∈=,2,k k k a a a a a a S 21243212-++-+-=-ΛΛππππππ4])12(53[)()()[(221223412n k k a a a a a a k k -=-=-++++-=-++-+--=-ΛΛ∴π42n S n -= 当Z k k n ∈+=,12,πππ4)1)(1(22)12(212212+-=++-=+=++n n k k k a S S k k k∴π4)1)(1(+-=n n S n21、解:(Ⅰ)1()1,x f x ='=故直线l 的斜率为1,切点为(1,f(1)),即(1,0) ∴直线l 的方程为: 1y x =- 直线l 与()y g x =图象相切,等价于方程组2112y x y x a =-⎧⎪⎨=+⎪⎩只有一解, 即方程0)1(212=++-a x x 有两个相等实根,∴△=1-4·0)1(21=+a 。

∴12a =-.(Ⅱ)∵x x x x h ()1ln()(-+=>-1),由,1111)(+-=-+='x xx x h)(x h '>0,11+x <0, ∴-1<x <0。

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