新概念英语 第4册
新概念英语第四册：Lesson4Seeinghands
【导语】新概念⼀共144课，其中单课为课⽂，双课为语法和练习。
整本书是以单数课为正课，并附带有插图⽽双数课则是针对单数课所讲的内容有针对性地进⾏练习，展现出整个新概念⼀教材区别于其他教材的独特之处。
⽆忧考为您整理了以下内容，仅供参考。
希望可以帮助到您！如果您想要了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注⽆忧考！【篇⼀】 Seeing hands 能看见东西的⼿ How did Vera discover she had this gift of second sight? Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid and walls. One case concerns and eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was first noticed by her father. One day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles. Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed that her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity. During all these tests Vera was blindfold; and, indeed, except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin. It was also found that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet. ERIC DE MAUNY Seeing hands from The Listener【篇⼆】 New words and expressions solid adj. 坚实的 safe n. 保险柜 Ulyanovsk n. 乌⾥扬诺夫斯克 commission n. 委员会 opaque adj. 不透明的 lotto n. ⼀种有编号的纸牌 slipper n. 拖鞋 blindfold adj.& adv. 被蒙上眼睛的 【篇三】参考译⽂ 俄罗斯最近报导了⼏个事例，有⼈能⽤⼿指看书识字和辨认颜⾊，甚⾄能透过厚实的门和墙看到东西。
新概念英语第四册单词
Lesson01Findingfossilman1fossilman/'f?s?l-'m?n/adj.化石人2recount/ri'kaunt/v.叙述3saga/'sa:g?/n.英雄故事4legend/'led??nd/n.传说，传奇5migration/mai'grei??n/n.迁移，移居6anthropologist/?nθr?'p?l?d?ist/n.人类学家7archaeologist/'a:ki?'l?d?ist/n.考古学家8ancestor/'?nsist?/n.祖先9Polynesian/p?li'ni:zj?n/adj.波利尼西亚(中太平洋之一群岛)的10Indonesia/'ind?u'ni:zj?/n.印度尼西亚11flint/flint/n.燧石12rot/r?t/v.烂掉Lesson02Sparethatspider1beast/bi:st/n.野兽2census/'sens?s/n.统计数字3acre/'eik?/n.英亩4content/k?n'tent/adj.满足的Lesson03Matterhornman1Matterhorn/'m?t?h?:n/n.马特霍恩峰(阿尔卑斯山峰之一)2alpinist/'?lpinist/n.登山运动员3pioneer/'pai?'ni?/v.开辟，倡导；n.先锋，开辟者4summit/'s?mit/n.顶峰5attain/?'tein/v.到达6perilous/'peril?s/adj.危险的7shudder/'??d?/v.不寒而栗8court/k?:t/v.追求9solitary/'s?lit?ri/adj.唯一的10impoverish/im'p?v?ri?/v.使贫困11Alpine/'?lpain/adj.阿尔卑斯山的12flea-riddenadj.布满跳蚤的13coarse/k?:s/adj.粗劣的14boast/b?ust/v.自恃有15parishioner/p?'ri??n?/n.教区居民16shepherd/'?ep?d/n.牧羊人17linen/'linin/n.亚麻布18theAlps/?lps/n.阿尔卑斯山脉Lesson041solid/'s?lid/adj.坚实的2safe/seif/n.保险柜3Ulyanovsk/u:'lja:n?fsk/n.乌里扬诺夫斯克4commission/k?'mi??n/n.委员会5opaque/?u'peik/adj.不透明的6lotto/'l?tou/n.一种有编号的纸牌7slipper/'slip?/n.拖鞋8blindfold/'blaindf?uld/adj.&adv.被蒙上眼睛的Lesson05Youth1leave/li:v/n.允许2fundamentals/f?nd?'mentlz/n.基本原则3glorious/'gl?:ri?s/adj.光辉灿烂的4splendid/'splendid/adj.灿烂的5rub/r?b/n.难题6identity/ai'dentiti/n.身份7dreary/'dri?ri/adj.沉郁的8commitment/k?'mitm?nt/n.信奉9mean/mi:n/adj.吝啬，小气10socialclimber追求更高社会地位的人，向上爬的人11devotion/di'v?u??n/n.热爱12cosmic/'k?zmik/adj.宇宙的13suburban/s?'b?:b?n/adj.见识不广的，偏狭的14conceited/k?n'si:tid/adj.自高自大的15presumptuous/pri'z?mptju?s/adj.自以为是的，放肆的16fatuous/'f?tju?s/adj.愚蠢的17cliche/'kli:?ei/n.陈词滥调Lesson06Thesportingspirit1goodwilln.友好2cricket/'krikit/n.板球3inclination/'inkli'nei??n/n.意愿4contest/k?n'test,'k?ntest/n.比赛5orgy/'?:d?i/n.无节制，放荡6deduce/di'dju:s/v.推断7competitive/k?m'petitiv/adj.竞争性的8patriotism/'p?tri?tizm/n.地方观念，爱国主义9disgrace/dis'greis/v.使丢脸10savage/'s?vid?/adj.野性的11combative/'k?mb?tiv/adj.好斗的12mimicwarfaren.模拟战争13behaviour/bi'heivj?/n.行动，举止14absurd/?b's?:d/adj.荒唐的Lesson07Bats1bat/b?t/n.蝙蝠2strictly/'striktli/adv.明确地3utilitarian/'ju:tili't??ri?n/adj.实用的4appreciation/?'pri:?i'ei??n/n.理解5obstruction/?b'str?k??n/n.障碍物6elapse/i'l?ps/v.消逝7hull/h?l/n.船体8interval/'int?v?l/n.间隔9receipt/ri'si:t/n.收到10apparatus/,?p?'reit?s/n.仪器11shoal/??ul/n.鱼群12herring/'heri?/n.鲱鱼13cod/k?d/n.鳕鱼14squeak/skwi:k/n.尖叫声Lesson08Tradingstandards1slaughter/'sl?:t?/v.屠宰2fit/fit/adj.适合3grace/greis/v.给…增光4tariff/'t?rif/n.关税5standard/'st?nd?d/n.标准6dialysis/dai'?lisis/n.分离，分解；透析，渗析7electrocute/i'lektr?kjut/v.使触电身亡8eliminate/i'limineit/v.消灭9accord/?'k?:d/n.协议10device/di'vais/n.仪器，器械11hammeroutv.推敲12pact/p?kt/n.合同，条约，公约Lesson09Royalespionage1espionagen.间谍活动2Danish/'deini?/adj.丹麦的，丹麦人的，丹麦语的3minstrel/'minstr?l/n.中世纪的吟游歌手4wandering/'w?nd?ri?/adj.漫游的5harp/ha:p/n.竖琴6ballad/'b?l?d/n.民歌7acrobatic/'?kr?'b?tik/adj.杂技的8conjuring/'k?nd??ri?/n.魔术9Athelneyn.阿塞尔纳(英国一个小岛)10Chippenhamn.切本哈姆(英国一城市)11thither/'eie?/adv.向那里12Dane/dein/n.丹麦人13slack/sl?k/adj.涣散的14conqueror/'k??k?r?/n.征服者15casual/'k??ju?l/adj.马虎的，随便的16precaution/pri'k?:??n/n.预防，警惕17proceedsn.所得18assemble/?'sembl/v.集合19trivial/'trivi?l/adj.微不足道的20prolongedadj.持久的21commissary/'k?mis?ri/n.军粮供应22episode/'epis?ud/n.一个事件，片断23epic/'epik/n.史诗24harry/'h?ri/v.骚扰25assail/?'seil/v.袭击26skirmish/'sk?:mi?/n.小规模战斗Lesson10Siliconvalley1silicon/'silik?n/n.硅2integrated/'int?greitid/adj.综合的3circuit/'s?:kit/n.线路，电路4California/'k?li'f?:nj?/n.加利福尼亚(美国州名)5workstationn.工作站6chip/t?ip/n.芯片，集成电路片，集成块7newsletter/nju:z'let?/n.时事通讯8Macintoshn.苹果机，一种个人电脑9penalize/'pi:nlaiz/v.处罚，惩罚10customizev.按顾客具体需要制造11spawn/sp?:n/v.引起，酿成12thrive/θraiv/v.兴旺，繁荣13anarchy/'?n?ki/n.无政府状态，混乱14oriental/'?ri'entl/n.东方人15constitute/'k?nstitju:t/v.构成16drove/dr?uv/n.群17innovator/'inouveit?/n.改革者18forge/f?:d?/v.发展19memory-chipn.内存条20.AT&T美国电话电报公司(AmericanTelephoneandTelegraph) 21Kansas/'k?nz?s/n.堪萨斯(美国州名)22Missouri/m?'zuri/n.密苏里(美国州名)Lesson11Howtogrowold1oppress/?'pres/v.忧郁，压抑2justification/'d??stifi'kei??n/n.正当理由3justifiably/-fai?bli/adv.无可非议地4cheat/t?i:t/v.欺骗5abject/'?bd?ekt/adj.可怜的6ignoble/ig'n?ubl/adj.不体面的，可耻的7impersonal/im'p?:s?nl/adj.超脱个人感情影响的8ego/'eg?u/n.自我9recede/ri'si:d/v.退去10increasingly/in'kri:si?li/adv.日益，不断11passionatelyadv.激昂地12painlesslyadv.毫无痛苦地13vitality/vai't?liti/n.精力14weariness/wi?rinis/n.疲惫感Lesson12Banksandtheircustomers1current/'k?r?nt/adj.通用的，流行的2account/?'kaunt/n.账户3cash/k??/n.现金4cheque/t?ek/n.支票5debtor/'det?/n.借方6creditor/'kredit?/n.贷方7obligation/'?bli'gei??n/n.义务8complication/'k?mpli'kei??n/n.纠纷9debit/'debit/v.把…记入借方10specimen/'spesimin/n.样本11forge/f?:d?/v.发展12forgery/'f?:d??ri/n.伪造(文件，签名等)13adopt/?'d?pt/v.采用14facilitate/f?'siliteit/v.使便利Lesson13Thesearchforoil1mineral/'min?r?l/adj.矿物的2boring/'b?:ri?/n.钻孔3derrick/'derik/n.井架4blockandtackle滑轮组5haul/h?:l/v.拖，拉6rotate/r?u'teit/v.使转动7cuttingbit钻头8geologist/d?i'?l?d?ist/n.地质学家9coringbit取芯钻头10cylinder/'silind?/n.圆柱体11strata/'streit?/n.岩层［复］(［单］stratum) 12circulate/'s?:kjuleit/v.注入，环流13gushern.喷油井Lesson14TheButterflyEffect1forecast/'f?:ka:st/n.预报2speculative/'spekjul?tiv/adj.推测的3blizzard/'bliz?d/n.暴风雪4deteriorate/di'ti?ri?reit/v.变坏，恶化5multiply/'m?ltiplai/v.增加6cascade/k?s'keid/v.瀑布似地落下7turbulent/'t?:bjul?nt/adj.狂暴的8dustdevil小尘暴，尘旋风9squall/skw?:l/n.暴风10eddy/'edi/n.旋涡11grid/grid/n.坐标方格12sensor/'sens?/n.传感器13humidity/hju:'miditi/n.湿度14meteorologistn.气象学家15Princeton/'prinst?n/n.普林斯顿(美国城市名) 16NewJerseyn.新泽西(美国州名)17fluctuation/'fl?ktju'ei??n/n.起伏，波动18deviation/'di:vi'ei??n/n.偏差Lesson15Secrecyinindustry1secrecyn.秘密2effectiveness/i'fektivnis/n.成效，效力3inquiry/in'kwai?ri/n.调查研究4positive/'p?z?tiv/adj.确实的5process/'pr?uses/n.过程6patent/'peit?nt/n.专利v.得到专利权7agent/'eid??nt/n.情报人员Lesson16Themoderncity1physiological/'fizi?'l?d?ik?l/adj.生理的2maximum/'m?ksim?m/adj.最大限度的3consideration/k?n'sid?'rei??n/n.考虑4descendant/di'send?nt/n.子孙，后代5artificial/'a:ti'fi??l/adj.人工的6impose/im'p?uz/v.强加7dimension/di'men??n/n.直径8skyscraper/'skai'skreip?/n.摩天大楼9tenant/'ten?nt/n.租户10civilized/'sivilaizd/adj.文明的11banal/b?'na:l/adj.平庸的12luxury/'l?k??ri/n.豪华13deprive/di'praiv/v.剥夺14monstrous/'m?nstr?s/adj.畸形的15edifice/'edifis/n.大厦16toxic/'t?ksik/adj.有毒的17ceaselessly/'si:slisli/adv.不停地18throng/θr??/v.挤满，壅塞Lesson17Aman-madedisease1settlement/'setlm?nt/n.新拓居地2enterprising/'ent?praizi?/adj.有事业心的3settler/'setl?/n.移居者4Antipodes/?n'tip?di:z/n.(the～)新西兰和澳大利亚(英) 5promiscuous/pr?'miskju?s/adj.杂乱的6abandon/?'b?nd?n/n.放任，纵情7overrun/?uv?'r?n/v.蔓延，泛滥8devastation/dev?'stei??n/n.破坏，劫掠9burrow/'b?r?u/v.挖、掘10susceptible/s?'sept?bl/adj.易受感染的11virus/'vai?r?s/n.病毒12myxomatosis/'miks?m?'t?usis/n.多发性粘液瘤13infect/in'fekt/v.传染14epidemic/'epi'demik/n.流行病15mosquito/m?s'ki:t?u/n.蚊虫16carrier/'k?ri?/n.带菌者17exterminate/eks't?:mineit/v.消灭18ironically/ai'r?nik?li/adv.具有讽刺意味地19bequeath/bi'kwi:e/v.把…传给20pest/pest/n.害虫，有害动物21pestilence/'pestil?ns/n.瘟疫22confine/k?n'fain/n.范围23domesticate/d?'mestikeit/v.驯养Lesson18Porpoises1porpoisen.海豚2mariner/'m?rin?/n.水手3shark/?a:k/n.鲨鱼4formation/f?:'mei??n/n.队形5dolphin/'d?lfin/n.海豚科动物6unconscious/?n'k???s/adj.不省人事的7beaver/'bi:v?/n.海狸8ashore/?'??:/adv.上岸9waterloggedadj.浸满水的10scent/sent/n.香味11ensue/in'sju:/v.接着发生12intrigue/in'tri:g/v.引起兴趣13indignity/in'digniti/n.侮辱14snout/snaut/n.口鼻部15shove/??v/v.硬推16aquaplane/'?kw?plein/n.驾浪滑水板17oceanarium/'ou??n'??ri-?m/n.水族馆18swoop/swu:p/v.猛扑19belly/'beli/n.腹部20equilibrium/i:kwi'libri?m/n.平衡21butt/b?t/v.碰撞22crack/kr?k/n.重击Lesson19Thestuffofdreams1speculation/'spekju'lei??n/n.推测2literally/'lit?r?li/adv.确实3odd/?d/adj.奇特的4tissue/'tisju:/n.组织5plausible/'pl?:z?bl/adj.似乎有理的6hypothesis/hai'p?θisi:z/n.假说7electroencephalographn.脑电图仪8electrode/i'lektr?ud/n.电极9scaly/'skeili/n.头发10psychiatrist/sai'kai?trist/n.精神病学家11punctuate/'p??ktjueit/v.不时介入12jerky/d??:ki/adj.急动的13disorder/dis'?:d?/n.失调14implication/impli'kei??n/n.表明Lesson20Snakepoison1saliva/s?'laiv?/n.唾液2digestive/di'd?estiv/adj.助消化的3defy/di'fai/v.使不可能4analysis/?'n?l?sis/n.分析5prey/prei/n.被捕食的动物6fierce/fi?s/adj.凶猛的7tussle/'t?sl/n.扭打8carnivore/'ka:niv?:/n.食肉动物9vertebrate/'v?:tibrit/n.脊椎动物10lizard/'liz?d/n.蜥蜴11concoct/k?n'k?kt/v.调制12potency/'p?ut?nsi/n.效力13conversion/k?n'v?:??n/n.转变14arsenic/'a:snik/n.砒霜15strychnine/'striknin/n.马钱子碱16mamba/'m?mb?/n.树眼镜蛇17cobra/'k?ubr?/n.眼镜蛇18venom/'ven?m/n.毒液19neurotoxic/'nju?rou't?ksik,'nu-/adj.毒害神经的20viper/'vaip?/n.蝰蛇21rattlesnake/'r?tlsneik/n.响尾蛇22haemolyticadj.溶血性的23viperine/'vaip?rin/adj.毒蛇的‘Western’film1supreme/sju:'pri:m/adj.首屈一指的2protagonist/pr?u't?g?nist/n.主角3outlaw/'autl?:/n.逃犯，亡命之徒4framedadj.遭到陷害的5vicious/'vi??s/adj.恶毒的6mythology/mi'θ?l?d?i/n.神话7vanishedadj.消失了的8absurdly/?b's?:dli/adv.荒诞地9arena/?'ri:n?/n.竞技场地10encroachingadj.渐渐渗入的11Indian/'indi?n/n.印第安人12bewilder/bi'wild?/v.使手足无措13alien/'eilj?n/adj.外来的14taboo/t?'bu:/n.戒律15disinherit/'disin'herit/v.剥夺…继承权16undeclared/'?ndi'kl??d/adj.未经宣布的17hypocrisy/hi'p?kr?si/n.伪善18chicanery/?i'kein?ri/n.诈骗19impending/im'pendi?/adj.迫近的，迫在眉睫的20immolation/im?u'lei??n/n.杀戮21code/k?ud/n.准则Lesson22Knowledgeandprogress1loom/lu:m/v.赫然耸起2manifest/'m?nifest/adj.明显的3morality/m?'r?liti/n.道德4communicate/k?'mju:nikeit/v.交流，交际5compound/'k?mpaund,k?m'paund/adj.复合的6enhance/in'ha:ns/v.增进7tempo/'temp?u/n.速率8trickle/'trikl/n.涓涓细流9torrent/'t?r?nt/n.滔滔洪流10humanity/hju:'m?niti/n.人类11indifferently/in'difr?ntli/adv.不在乎地12grimly/'grimli/adv.可怖地13whimsical/'wimzikl/adj.怪诞的14shatter/'??t?/v.毁坏15twofold/'tu:f?uld/adj.双重的Lesson23Birdflight1albatross/'?lb?tr?s/n.信天翁2sustenance/'s?st?n?ns/n.支撑力3glider/'glaid?/n.滑翔者4harness/'ha:nis/v.利用5endow/in'dau/v.赋有6ply/plai/v.不断地供给7gale/geil/n.大风8partridge/'pa:trid?/n.鹧鸪9like/laik/adj.类似的10propulsion/pr?'p?l??n/n.推进力11utter/'?t?/adj.完全的12slip/slip/v.滑行13adverse/'?dv?:s/adj.逆的，相反的14omen/'?umen/n.预兆Lesson24Beauty1intense/in'tens/adj.强烈的2aesthetic/i:s'θetik/adj.审美的3realm/'relm/n.世界4serenity/si'reniti/n.静谧5undeniable/'?ndi'nai?bl/adj.不可否认的6indefinable/'indi'fain?bl/adj.模糊不清的7vulgar/'v?lg?/adj.平庸的8radiance/'reidj?ns/n.发光9intimation/inti'mei??n/n.暗示10unutterable/?n'?t?r?bl/adj.不可言传的11invest/in'vest/v.赋予Lesson25Non-auditoryeffectsofnoise1auditory/'?:ditɑ:i/adj.听觉的2inadequate/in'?dikwit/adj.不适当的3plea/pli:/n.要求4abatement/?'beitm?nt/n.减少5discredit/dis'kredit/v.怀疑6allegation/?li'gei??n/n.断言7caption/k?p??n/n.插图说明8wreck/rek/n.残废人9snag/sn?g/n.疑难之处，障碍10anecdote/'?nikd?ut/n.轶闻11slander/'sla:nd?/v.诽谤12persecute/'p?:sikju:t/v.迫害13squadron/'skw?dr?n/n.中队14psychiatric/'saiki'?trik/adj.精神病学的15diagnosis/'dai?g'n?usis/n.诊断16orphanage/'?:f?nid?/n.孤儿院Lesson26Thepastlifeoftheearth1preservation/'prez?(:)'vei??n/n.保存2silt/silt/n.淤泥3scavenger/'sk?vind??/n.食腐动物4vole/v?ul/n.野鼠，鼹鼠5decompose/'di:k?m'p?uz/v.腐烂6inaccessible/in?k'ses?bl/adj.不能到达的7crevasse/kri'v?s/n.缝隙8Siberian/sai'bi?ri?n/adj.西伯利亚的9paleontologicaladj.古生物学的.圣彼得堡11sabre-toothedadj.长着锐利的长犬牙的12venture/'vent??/v.冒险13boggedadj.陷入泥沼的，陷于困境的Lesson27The‘Vasa’1galleon/'g?li?n/n.大型帆船2Stockholm/'st?kh?um/n.斯德哥尔摩3flagship/'fl?g?ip/n.旗舰4imperial/im'pi?ri?l/adj.帝国的5hurricane/'h?rik?n/n.飓风6might/mait/n.力量7ferment/'f?:ment/n.激动不安8ornament/'?:n?m?nt,'?:n?ment/v.装饰9riot/'rai?t/n.丰富10demon/'di:m?n/n.恶魔11mermaid/'m?:meid/n.美人鱼12cherub/'t?er?b/n.小天使13zoomorphic/'zou?'m?:fik/adj.兽形的14ablaze/?'bleiz/adj.光彩的15portray/p?:'trei/v.绘制16driftingadj.弥漫的17churn/t??:n/v.翻滚18pennant/`pnnt;'pennt/n.三角旗19superstructure/'sju:p?'str?kt??/n.上部结构20armament/'a:m?m?nt/n.军械21triple/'tripl/adj.三层的22mount/maunt/v.登上23bronze/br?nz/n.青铜24cannon/'k?n?n/n.加农炮25majestic/m?'d?estik/adj.威严的26muzzle/'m?zl/n.炮口27freshen/'fre??n/v.变强28squall/skw?:l/n.暴风29list/list/v.倾斜30port/p?:t/n.(船、飞机的)左舷31ordnance/'?:dn?ns/n.军械32heave/hi:v/v.拖33starboard/'sta:b?d/n.(船、飞机的)右舷34counteract/'kaunt?'r?kt/v.抵消35steepen/'sti:p?n/v.变得更陡峭36ballast/'b?l?st/n.压舱物37inrush/'inr??/n.水的涌入38Baltic/'b?:ltik/n.波罗的海Lesson28Patientsanddoctors1skeptical/'skeptik?l/adj.怀疑的2forefathersn.祖先3fervently/'f?:v?ntli/adv.热情地4curative/'kju?r?tiv/adj.治病的5astronomical/'?str?'n?mik?l/adj.天文学的6tangible/t?nd??bl/adj.实实在在的7remedy/'remidi/n.药物8ointment/'?intm?nt/n.药膏9prescribe/pris'kraib/v.开药方10indisposition/in'disp?'zi??n/n.小病11disgustingadj.令人讨厌的12inconvenience/'ink?n'vi:nj?ns/n.不便Lesson29Thehovercraft1hovercraft/'h?v?kra:ft/n.气垫船2NorfolkBroadsn.诺福克郡的湖泊地区3cushion/'ku??n/n.座垫4ring/ri?/v.围5Solentn.(英国的)苏伦特海峡6sensation/sen'sei??n/n.轰动7dune/dju:n/n.沙丘8plantation/pl?n'tei??n/n.种植园9hover-trainn.气垫火车1navigation/'n?vi'gei??n/n.航海2soundingn.水深度3porcupine/'p?:kjupain/n.箭猪4dredge/dred?/v.挖掘5expedition/'ekspi'di??n/n.远征6physicist/'fizisist/n.物理学家7magnitude/'m?gnitju:d/n.很多8topography/t?'p?gr?fi/n.地形9crust/kr?st/n.地壳10rugged/'r?gid/adj.崎岖不平的11tablelandn.高地12sediment/'sedim?nt/n.沉淀物13terrace/'ter?s/n.阶地14erode/i'r?ud/v.侵蚀Lesson31Thesculptorspeaks1colour-blindadj.色盲的2perception/p?'sep??n/n.知觉3comprehend/'k?mpri'hend/v.理解4spatial/'spei??l/adj.空间的5visualize/'vizju?laiz/v.使具形象，设想6reminiscence/'remi'nisns/n.回忆，联想7tadpole/'t?dp?ul/n.蝌蚪6.mushroom/'m??rum/n.蘑菇9carrot/'k?r?t/n.胡萝卜10bud/b?d/n.花蕾11lark/la:k/n.云雀12ladybirdn.瓢虫13bulrush/'bulr??/n.芦苇Lesson32Galileoreborn1controversy/'k?ntr?v?:si/n.争议，争论2dust/d?st/n.纠纷，骚动3clash/kl??/n.冲突4Inquisition/inkwi'zi??n/n.(罗马天主教的)宗教法庭5perspective/p?:'spektiv/n.观点，看法6despise/dis'paiz/v.蔑视7generalize/'d?en?r?laiz/v.归纳8undercurrent/'?nd?'k?r?nt/n.潜流9theoretical/θi?'retikl/adj.理论上的10potentiality/p?'ten?i'?liti/n.潜能11intimate/'intimit/adj.详尽的12familiarity/f?'mili'?riti/n.熟悉13culpable/'k?lp?bl/adj.应受谴责的14Aristotelian/?rist?'ti:li?n/n.亚里士多德学派的人15Aristotle/'?rist?tl/n.亚里士多德(古希腊哲学家) 16Ptolemyn.托勒密(古希腊天文学家17LeaningTowerPisa比萨斜塔18spiral/'spai?r?l/adj.螺旋状的19nebula/'nebjul?/n.星云20scratch/skr?t?/n.擦痕21contrivance/k?n'traiv?ns/n.器械22distort/dis't?:t/v.歪曲Lesson33Education1adverse/'?dv?:s/adj.逆的，相反的2purchasable/'p?:t??s?bl/adj.可买到的3preacher/'pri:t??/n.传教士4defendant/di'fend?nt/n.被告5outlook/'aut-luk/n.视野6capacity/k?'p?siti/n.能力7means/mi:nz/n.方法，手段，财产，资力8hamper/'h?mp?/v.妨碍9savannah/s?'v?n?/n.大草原10democratic/'dem?'kr?tik/adj.民主的11tribal/traibl/adj.部落的12tribe/traib/n.部落13illiterate/i'lit?rit/n.文盲14compulsory/k?m'p?ls?ri/adj.义务的15deem/di:m/v.认为16juvenile/'d?u:vinail/adj.青少年的17delinquency/di'li?kw?nsi/n.犯罪Lesson34Adolescence1adolescence/'?d?u'lesns/n.青春期2slur/sl?:/n.诋毁3adolescent/?d?'les?nt/n.青少年(12-18岁)4disloyalty/dis'l?i?lti/n.不忠实5spiteful/'spaitful/adj.恶意的，怀恨的6disillusionment/-m?nt/n.幻灭感7evaluation/i'v?lju'ei??n/n.评价8Infallibility/in'f?l?'bil?ti/n.一贯正确9resent/ri'zent/v.怨恨10sincerity/sin'seriti/n.诚挚11victorian/vik't?:ri?n/adj.维多利亚式的12retreat/ri'tri:t/v.后退13unreasoning/?n'ri:z?ni?/adj.不凭理智的14authoritarian/?:'θ?ri't??ri?n/adj.专制的15cow/kau/v.吓唬Lesson35Spaceodyssey1hub/h?b/n.(活动的)中心2lunar/'lju:n?/adj.月球的3oxygen/'?ksid??n/n.氧气4Apollo/?'p?l?u/n.阿波罗5accelerate/?k'sel?reit/v.加速6terrestrial/ti'restri?l/adj.地球7permanentlyadv.永远地8fascination/'f?si'nei??n/n.魅力9senior/'si:nj?/adj.资历深的，年长的10chasm/t??z?m/n.断层，裂口11canyon/'k?nj?n/n.峡谷Lesson36Thecostofgovernment1disunitedadj.分裂的2correspondinglyadv.相应地3backward/'b?kw?d/adj.落后的4incur/in'k?:/v.承担5administer/?d'minist?/v.管理6administrative/?d'ministr?tiv/adj.行政管理的7analogous/?'n?l?g?s/adj.类似的8overheadsn.一般费用9initiative/i'ni?i?tiv/n.主动，积极性10checkern.检查人员11foreman/'f?:m?n/n.监工12dividend/'dividend/n.红利13unduly/?n'dju:li/adv.过度地Lesson37Theprocessofageing1likelihood/'laiklihud/n.可能性2infant/'inf?nt/n.婴儿3vulnerable/'v?ln?r?bl/adj.脆弱的4imperceptible/'imp?'sept?bl/adj.感觉不到的5robust/r?u'b?st/adj.强健的6organism/'?:g?niz?m/n.有机体7thermodynamics/'θ?:m?udai'n?miks/n.热力学8steep/sti:p/adj.急转直下的9ageingn.老化10odds/?dz/n.可能性11virtual/'v?:tju?l/adj.实际上的12moot/mu:t/adj.争论未决的13run-downadj.破旧的14friction/'frik??n/n.摩擦Lesson38Waterandthetraveller1contamination/k?nt?mi'nei??n/n.污染2sanitation/'s?ni'tei?n/n.卫生，卫生设备3sewage/'sju:id?/n.污水4leakage/'li:kid?/n.泄漏5intermittent/int?'mitnt/adj.间歇的，断断续续的6carbonatedadj.碳化的，碳酸的7acidic/?'sidik/adj.酸的，酸性的8alcohol/'?lk?h?l/n.酒精9disinfectant/disin'fekt?nt/n.消毒剂10sterilize/'sterilaiz/v.消毒11ethanol/'eθ?noul/n.乙醇12bactericidal/b?ktir?'saidl/adj.杀菌的13negligible/'neglid??bl/adj.可以忽略的，微不足道的14methylatedadj.加入甲醇的Lesson39Whateverywriterwants1confess/k?n'fes/v.承认2inspiration/'insp?'rei??n/n.灵感3Kashmir/'k??'mi?/n.克什米尔4interweave/'int?'wi:v/v.交织5afresh/?'fre?/adv.重新6discern/di's?:n/v.辨明，领悟7indescribable/indis'kraib?bl/adj.无法描述的8blur/bl?:/v.使…模糊不清9yeast/ji:st/n.激动10fathom/'f?e?m/n.噚（1噚等于米）11interminablyadv.没完没了地12winkle/'wi?kl/v.挖掘13incidentally/'insi'dent?li/adv.顺便说一下14pertinent/'p?:tin?nt/adj.中肯的15.flirt/fl?:t/v.调情16inmost/'inm?ust/adj.内心深处的Lesson40Waves1signature/'signit??/n.签名，标记2infinity/in'finiti/n.无穷3ray/rei/n.光线4energize/'en?'d?aiz/v.给与…能量5rhythm/'rie?m/n.节奏6transmit/tr?nz'mit/v.传送7exquisite/'ekskwizit/adj.高雅的8phenomena/fi'n?min?/n.现象9crest/krest/n.浪峰10trough/tr?:f/n.波谷11vertical/'v?:tik?l/adj.垂直的12horizontal/'h?ri'z?ntl/adj.水平的13actuality/?kt?u'?liti/n.现实14catastrophic/k?t?'str?fik/adj.大灾难的15particle/'pa:tikl/n.微粒16maturity/m?'tju?riti/n.成熟17undulate/'?ndjuleit/v.波动，形成波浪18tremor/'trem?/n.震颤19gravitational/gr?vi'tei??nl/adj.地心吸力的Lesson41Trainingelephants1technique/tek'ni:k/n.技术2tough/t?f/adj.强硬的3resentful/ri'zentful/adj.仇恨不满的4assign/?'sain/v.分配，指派5mahout/m?'haut/n.驯象的人6calf/ka:f/n.幼仔7pine/pain/v.消瘦8underline/'?nd?'lain/v.着重说明，强调9keep/ki:p/n.生计10subservient/s?b's?:vj?nt/adj.屈从的11plunge/pl?nd?/v.向前冲12tame/teim/adj.养驯服了的13tether/'tee?/v.(用绳)拴14ticklish/'tikli?/adj.难对付的，棘手的15alarmingadj.引起惊恐的16accompaniment/?'k?mp?nim?nt/n.伴奏17soothe/su:e/v.镇定18chant/t?a:nt/n.单调的歌19reinforce/'ri:in'f?:s/v.加强20endearing/in'di?ri?/adj.惹人喜爱的21epithet/'epiθet/n.称呼22susceptible/s?'sept?bl/adj.易受感染的23blandishment/'bl?ndi?m?nt/n.奉承sh/l??/v.猛烈地甩22.curl/k?:l/v.使卷曲Lesson42Recordinganearthquake1earthquake/'?:θkweik/n.地震2slumber/'sl?mb?/v.睡眠3ninepinn.九柱戏中的木柱4rigid/'rid?id/adj.坚硬的5delicate/'delikit/adj.灵敏的6seismometer/saiz'm?mit?/n.地震仪7penholdern.笔杆8legibly/'led??bli/adv.字迹清楚地9drum/dr?m/n.鼓状物10wriggle/'rigl/v.扭动11bluebottle/'blu:b?tl/n.绿头苍蝇12graph/gr?f/n.图表13graphic/'gr?fik/adj.图示的14longitudinal/'l?nd?i'tju:dinl/adj.纵向的15transverse/'tr?nzv?:s/adj.横向的Lesson43Aretherestrangersinspace?1Mercury/'m?:kjuri/n.水星2hydrogen/'haidrid??n/n.氢气3prevailing/pri'veili?/adj.普遍的4radioastronomern.射电天文学家5uniquelyadv.唯一地6rational/'r???nl/adj.合理的7radiofrequencyn.无线电频率8cmn.厘米(=centimetre)9megacycle/'meg?saikl/n.兆周10emission/i'mi??n/n.散发11interstellar/'int?'stel?/adj.星际的12rendezvous/'r?nd?vu:/n.约会地点13encounter/in'kaunt?/n.相遇Lesson44Patternsofculture1commonplace/'k?m?npleis/adj.平凡的2aberrant/?'ber?nt/adj.脱离常轨的，异常的3trivial/'trivi?l/adj.微不足道的4predominant/pri'd?min?nt/adj.占优势的，起支配作用的5manifest/'m?nifest/adj.明显的6pristine/'pristain/adj.纯洁的，质朴的7stereotype/sti?ri?taip/n.陈规8vernacular/v?'n?kjul?/n.方言9accommodation/?,k?m?'dei??n/n.适应10incumbent/in'k?mb?nt/adj.义不容辞的，有责任的11.preliminary/pri'limin?ri/adj.初步的12proposition/'pr?p?'zi??n/n.主张13preferential/pref?'ren??l/adj.优先的14controversial/'k?ntr?'v?:??l/adj.引起争论的15cactus/'k?kt?s/n.仙人掌16termite/'t?:mait/n.白蚁17nebula/'nebjul?/n.星云18variant/'v??ri?nt/adj.不同的19barbarian/ba:'b??ri?n/n.野蛮人20pagan/'peig?n/n.异教徒21sophistication/s?'fisti'kei??n/n.老练22premise/'premis,pri'maiz/n.前提23supernatural/'sju:p?'n?t??r?l/adj.超自然的Lesson45Ofmenandgalaxies1dispute/dis'pju:t/v.争夺2mosquito/m?s'ki:t?u/n.蚊虫3subdue/s?b'dju:/v.征服4drainage/'dreinid?/n.下水系统5envision/en'vi??n/n.预想6Morocco/m?'r?k?u/n.摩洛哥7latitude/'l?titju:d/n.纬度8heretic/'her?tik/n.异教徒，异端邪说9conceive/k?n'si:v/v.想像10suffice/s?'fais/v.足够11nuclear/'nju:kli?/adj.原子弹的12original/?'rid??n?l/adj.有独到见解的Lesson46Hobbies1gifted/'giftid/adj.有天才的2psychologist/sai'k?l?d?ist/n.心理学家3spasm/'sp?z?m/n.一阵(感情)发作4futile/'fju:tail/adj.无用的5insinuate/in'sinjueit/v.使潜入，暗示6convulsive/k?n'v?lsiv/adj.起痉挛的7illumination/i'lju:mi'nei??n/n.启发，照明8undue/'?n'dju:/adj.不适当的9grip/grip/n.紧张10recuperation/ri'kju:p?'rei??n/n.休息11improvise/'impr?vaiz/v.临时作成12sedulouslyadv.孜孜不倦地13vivify/'vivifai/v.使生气勃勃14aggravate/'?gr?veit/v.加剧15trifling/'traifli?/adj.微小的16gratify/'gr?tifai/v.使满意17caprice/k?'pri:s/n.任性18satiation/'sei?i'ei??n/n.满足19frantically/'fr?ntik?li/adv.狂乱地20avenge/?'vend?/v.替…报复21boredom/'b?:d?m/n.厌烦22clatter/'kl?t?/n.喧闹的谈话23sustenance/'s?st?n?ns/n.支撑力24appetite/'?pitait/n.欲望25grudge/gr?d?/v.怨恨26absorbing/?b's?:bi?/adj.引人入胜的27banish/'b?ni?/v.排除，放弃Lesson47Thegreatescape1assumption/?'s?mp??n/n.假定2manoeuvre/m?'nu:v?/v.(驱车)移动3myriad/'miri?d/adj.无数的4paradox/'p?r?d?ks/n.自相矛盾的事5cynic/'sinik/n.愤世嫉俗者6sociologist/'s?usi'?l?d?ist/n.社会学家7shun/??n/v.避开8affluent/'?flu?nt/adj.富有的9chambermaidn.女招待员10boo/bu:/n.呸的一声11maitred'hoteln.［法语］总管12snobbery/'sn?b?ri/n.势利13hierarchy/'hai?ra:ki/n.等级制度14entail/in'teil/v.使成为必要15inclement/in'klem?nt/adj.险恶的16packagetourn.由旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游17insularity/'insju'l?riti/n.偏狭18cater/'keit?/v.迎合19exclusivelyadv.排他地20cosmopolitan/'k?zm?'p?lit?n/adj.世界的21preponderance/pri'p?nd?r?ns/n.优势22overwhelmingly/'?uv?'hwelmi?li/adv.以压倒优势地，清一色地23patronage/'p?tr?nid?/n.恩惠，惠顾24sauerkraut/'sau?kraut/n.泡菜25vie/vai/v.竞争26municipality/mju:'nisi'p?liti/n.市政当局27itinerant/i'tin?r?nt/n.巡回者28heath/hi:θ/n.荒地29alienate/'eilj?neit/v.使疏远30eternal/i't?:nl/adj.永久的Lesson48Planningashareportfolio1portfolio/p?:t'fouljou/n.投资组合2tipster/'tipst?/n.(提供证券投机等消息为生的)情报贩子3LasVegasn.拉斯韦加斯4fritter/'frit?/v.挥霍，浪费5reputable/'repjut?bl/adj.享有声望的6broker/'br?uk?/n.经纪人7finance/fai'n?ns,fi-/n.资金，财源8mortgage/'m?:gid?/n.抵押贷款9pension/'pen??n/n.养老金10priority/prai'?riti/n.优先权11gilt/gilt/n.金边证券(高度可靠的证券)12convertible/k?n'v?:t?bl/n.可换证券13sanguine/'s??gwin/adj.乐观的14heady/'hedi/adj.令人陶醉的15alongside/?'l??'said/prep.在…旁边，和…一起16pedestrian/pi'destri?n/adj.平淡无奇的，乏味的。
新概念英语第4册课文(中英文对照)
Lesson 1 Finding fossil man 发现化石人We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write.But there are some parts of the word where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.参考译文我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。
新概念英语第四册分课单词(含音标)
Word NotesLesson 1 ancestor [ 'ænsistә] n.祖先anthropologist [ ænθrә'pɔlәdʒist] n.人类学家archaeologist [ 'a:kiә'lɔdʒist] n.考古学家flint [ flint] n.燧石fossil man a.化石人Indonesia [ 'indәu'ni:zjә] n.印度尼西亚legend [ 'ledʒәnd] n.传说，传奇migration [ mai'greiʃәn] n.迁移，移居Polynesian [ pɔli'ni:zjәn] a.波利尼西亚(中太平洋之一群岛)recount [ ri'kaunt] v.叙述rot [ rɔt] v.烂掉saga [ 'sa:gә] n.英雄故事Lesson 2 acre [ 'eikә] n.英亩beast [ bi:st] n.野兽census [ 'sensәs] n.统计数字content [ 'kɔntent, kәn'tent] a.满足的Lesson 3 Alpine [ 'ælpain] a.阿尔卑斯山的alpinist [ 'ælpinist] n.登山运动员attain [ ә'tein] v.到达boast [ bәust] v.自恃有coarse [ kɔ:s] a.粗劣的court [ kɔ:t] v.追求flea-ridden a.布满跳蚤的impoverish [ im'pɔvәriʃ] v.使贫困linen [ 'linin] n.亚麻布Matterhorn [ 'mætәhɔ:n] n.马特霍恩峰(阿尔卑斯山峰之一)parishioner [ pә'riʃәnә] n.教区居民perilous [ 'perilәs] a.危险的pioneer [ 'paiә'niә] v.开辟，倡导;n.先锋，开辟者shepherd [ 'ʃepәd] n.牧羊人shudder [ 'ʃʌdә] v.不寒而栗solitary [ 'sɔlitәri] a.唯一的summit [ 'sʌmit] n.顶峰the Alps n.阿尔卑斯山脉Lesson 4 blindfold [ 'blaindfәuld] a.& ad.被蒙上眼睛的commission [ kә'miʃәn] n.委员会lotto [ 'lɔtou] n.一种有编号的纸牌opaque [ әu'peik] a.不透明的safe [ seif] n.保险柜slipper [ 'slipә] n.拖鞋solid [ 'sɔlid] a.坚实的Ulyanovsk [ u:'lja:nɔfsk] n.乌里扬诺夫斯克Lesson 5 cliché[ 'kli:ʃei] n.陈词滥调commitment [ kә'mitmәnt] n.信奉conceited [ kәn'si:tid] a.自高自大的cosmic [ 'kɔzmik] a.宇宙的devotion [ di'vәuʃәn] n.热爱dreary [ 'driәri] a.沉郁的fatuous [ 'fætjuәs] a.愚蠢的fundamentals n.基本原则glorious [ 'glɔ:riәs] a.光辉灿烂的identity [ ai'dentiti] n.身份leave [ li:v] n.允许mean [ mi:n] a.吝啬，小气presumptuous [ pri'zʌmptjuәs] a.自以为是的，放肆的rub [ rʌb] n.难题social climber 追求更高社会地位的人，向上爬的人splendid [ 'splendid] a.灿烂的suburban [ sә'bә:bәn] a.见识不广的，偏狭的Lesson 6 absurd [ әb'sә:d] a.荒唐的behaviour [ bi'heivjә] n.行动，举止combative [ 'kɔmbәtiv] a.好斗的competitive [ kәm'petitiv] a.竞争性的contest [ kәn'test, 'kɔntest] n.比赛cricket [ 'krikit] n.板球deduce [ di'dju:s] v.推断disgrace [ dis'greis] v.使丢脸goodwill n.友好inclination [ 'inkli'neiʃәn] n.意愿mimic warfare n.模拟战争orgy [ 'ɔ:dʒi] n.无节制，放荡patriotism [ 'pætriәtizm] n.地方观念，爱国主义savage [ 'sævidʒ] a.野性的Lesson 7 apparatus [ ,æpә'reitәs] n.仪器appreciation [ ә'pri:ʃi'eiʃәn] n.理解bat [ bæt] n.蝙蝠cod [ kɔd] n.鳕鱼elapse [ i'læps] v.消逝herring [ 'heriŋ] n.鲱鱼hull [ hʌl] n.船体interval [ 'intәvәl] n.间隔obstruction [ әb'strʌkʃәn] n.障碍物receipt [ ri'si:t] n.收到shoal [ ʃәul] n.鱼群squeak [skwi:k] n.尖叫声strictly [ 'striktli] ad.明确地utilitarian [ 'ju:tili'tєәriәn] a.实用的Lesson 8 accord [ ә'kɔ:d] n.协议device [ di'vais] n.仪器，器械dialysis [ dai'ælisis] n.分离，分解；透析，渗析electrocute [ i'lektrәkjut] v.使触电身亡eliminate [ i'limineit] v.消灭fit [fit] a.适合grace [ greis] v.给…增光hammer out v.推敲pact [ pækt] n.合同，条约，公约slaughter ['slɔ:tә] v.屠宰standard [ 'stændәd] n.标准tariff [ 'tærif] n.关税Lesson 9 acrobatic [ 'ækrә'bætik] a.杂技的assail [ ә'seil] v.袭击assemble [ ә'sembl] v.集合Athelney n.阿塞尔纳(英国一个小岛)ballad [ 'bælәd] n.民歌casual [ 'kæʒjuәl] a.马虎的，随便的Chippenham n.切本哈姆(英国一城市)commissary [ 'kɔmisәri] n.军粮供应conjuring [ 'kʌndʒәriŋ] n.魔术conqueror [ 'kɔŋkәrә] n.征服者Dane [ dein] n.丹麦人Danish [ 'deiniʃ] a.丹麦的，丹麦人的，丹麦语的epic [ 'epik] n.史诗episode [ 'episәud] n.一个事件，片断espionage n.间谍活动harp [ ha:p] n.竖琴harry [ 'hæri] v.骚扰minstrel [ 'minstrәl] n.中世纪的吟游歌手precaution [ pri'kɔ:ʃәn] n.预防，警惕proceeds n.所得prolonged a.持久的skirmish [ 'skә:miʃ] n.小规模战斗slack [ slæk] a.涣散的thither [ 'ðiðә] ad.向那里trivial [ 'triviәl] a.微不足道的wandering [ 'wɔndәriŋ] a.漫游的Lesson 10 anarchy [ 'ænәki] n.无政府状态，混乱AT&T 美国电话电报公司(American Telephone andTelegraph)California [ 'kæli'fɔ:njә] n.加利福尼亚(美国州名)chip [ tʃip] n.芯片，集成电路片，集成块circuit [ 'sә:kit] n.线路，电路constitute [ 'kɔnstitju:t] v.构成customize v.按顾客具体需要制造drove [ drәuv] n.群forge [ fɔ:dʒ] v.发展innovator [ 'inouveitә] n.改革者integrated [ 'intәgreitid] a.综合的Kansas [ 'kænzәs] n.堪萨斯(美国州名)Macintosh n.苹果机，一种个人电脑memory-chip n.内存条Missouri [ mә'zuri] n.密苏里(美国州名)newsletter [ nju:z'letә] n.时事通讯oriental [ 'ɔri'entl] n.东方人penalize [ 'pi:nlaiz] v.处罚，惩罚silicon [ 'silikәn] n.硅spawn [ spɔ:n] v.引起，酿成thrive [ θraiv] v.兴旺，繁荣workstation n.工作站Lesson 11 abject [ 'æbdʒekt] a.可怜的cheat [ tʃi:t] v.欺骗ego [ 'egәu] n.自我ignoble [ ig'nәubl] a.不体面的，可耻的impersonal [ im'pә:sәnl] a.超脱个人感情影响的increasingly [ in'kri:siŋli] ad.日益，不断justifiably [ -faiәbli] ad.无可非议地justification [ 'dʒʌstifi'keiʃәn] n.正当理由oppress [ ә'pres] v.忧郁，压抑painlessly ad.毫无痛苦地passionately ad.激昂地recede [ ri'si:d] v.退去vitality [ vai'tæliti] n.精力weariness [ wiәrinis] n.疲惫感Lesson 12 account [ ә'kaunt] n.账户adopt [ ә'dɔpt] v.采用cash [ kæʃ] n.现金cheque [ tʃek] n.支票complication [ 'kɔmpli'keiʃәn] n.纠纷creditor [ 'kreditә] n.贷方current [ 'kʌrәnt] a.通用的，流行的debit [ 'debit] v.把…记入借方debtor [ 'detә] n.借方facilitate [ fә'siliteit] v.使便利forge [ fɔ:dʒ] v.发展forgery [ 'fɔ:dʒәri] n.伪造(文件，签名等)obligation [ 'ɔbli'geiʃәn] n.义务specimen [ 'spesimin] n.样本Lesson 13 block and tackle 滑轮组boring [ 'bɔ:riŋ] n.钻孔circulate [ 'sә:kjuleit] v.注入，环流coring bit 取芯钻头cutting bit 钻头cylinder [ 'silindә] n.圆柱体derrick [ 'derik] n.井架geologist [ dʒi'ɔlәdʒist] n.地质学家gusher n.喷油井haul [ hɔ:l] v.拖，拉mineral [ 'minәrәl] a.矿物的rotate [ rәu'teit] v.使转动strata [ 'streitә] n.岩层［复］(［单］stratum) Lesson 14 blizzard [ 'blizәd] n.暴风雪cascade [ kæs'keid] v.瀑布似地落下deteriorate [ di'tiәriәreit] v.变坏，恶化deviation [ 'di:vi'eiʃәn] n.偏差dust devil 小尘暴，尘旋风eddy [ 'edi] n.旋涡fluctuation [ 'flʌktju'eiʃәn] n.起伏，波动forecast [ 'fɔ:ka:st] n.预报grid [ grid] n.坐标方格humidity [ hju:'miditi] n.湿度meteorologist n.气象学家multiply [ 'mʌltiplai] v.增加New Jersey n.新泽西(美国州名)Princeton [ 'prinstәn] n.普林斯顿(美国城市名)sensor [ 'sensә] n.传感器speculative [ 'spekjulәtiv] a.推测的squall [ skwɔ:l] n.暴风turbulent [ 'tә:bjulәnt] a.狂暴的Lesson 15 agent [ 'eidʒәnt] n.情报人员effectiveness [ i'fektivnis] n.成效，效力inquiry [ in'kwaiәri] n.调查研究patent [ 'peitәnt] n.专利 v.得到专利权positive [ 'pɔzәtiv] a.确实的process [ 'prәuses] n.过程secrecy n.秘密Lesson 16 artificial [ 'a:ti'fiʃәl] a.人工的banal [ bә'na:l] a.平庸的ceaselessly [ 'si:slisli] ad.不停地civilized [ 'sivilaizd] a.文明的consideration [ kәn'sidә'reiʃәn] n.考虑deprive [ di'praiv] v.剥夺descendant [ di'sendәnt] n.子孙，后代dimension [ di'menʃәn] n.直径edifice [ 'edifis] n.大厦impose [ im'pәuz] v.强加luxury [ 'lʌkʃәri] n.豪华maximum [ 'mæksimәm] a.最大限度的monstrous [ 'mɔnstrәs] a.畸形的physiological [ 'fiziә'lɔdʒikәl] a.生理的skyscraper [ 'skai'skreipә] n.摩天大楼tenant [ 'tenәnt] n.租户throng [ θrɔŋ] v.挤满，壅塞toxic [ 'tɔksik] a.有毒的Lesson 17 abandon [ ә'bændәn] n.放任，纵情Antipodes [ æn'tipәdi:z] n.(the～)新西兰和澳大利亚(英)bequeath [ bi'kwi:ð] v.把…传给burrow [ 'bʌrәu] v.挖、掘carrier [ 'kæriә] n.带菌者confine [ kәn'fain] n.范围devastation [ devә'steiʃәn] n.破坏，劫掠domesticate [ dә'mestikeit] v.驯养enterprising [ 'entәpraiziŋ] a.有事业心的epidemic [ 'epi'demik] n.流行病exterminate [ eks'tә:mineit] v.消灭infect [ in'fekt] v.传染ironically [ ai'rɔnikәli] ad.具有讽刺意味地mosquito [ mәs'ki:tәu] n.蚊虫myxomatosis [ 'miksәmә'tәusis] n.多发性粘液瘤overrun [ әuvә'rʌn] v.蔓延，泛滥pest [ pest] n.害虫，有害动物pestilence [ 'pestilәns] n.瘟疫promiscuous [ prә'miskjuәs] a.杂乱的settlement [ 'setlmәnt] n.新拓居地settler [ 'setlә] n.移居者susceptible [ sә'septәbl] a.易受感染的virus [ 'vaiәrәs] n.病毒Lesson 18 aquaplane [ 'ækwәplein] n.驾浪滑水板ashore [ ә'ʃɔ:] ad.上岸beaver [ 'bi:vә] n.海狸belly [ 'beli] n.腹部butt [ bʌt] v.碰撞crack [ kræk] n.重击dolphin [ 'dɔlfin] n.海豚科动物ensue [ in'sju:] v.接着发生equilibrium [ i:kwi'libriәm] n.平衡formation [ fɔ:'meiʃәn] n.队形indignity [ in'digniti] n.侮辱intrigue [ in'tri:g] v.引起兴趣mariner [ 'mærinә] n.水手oceanarium [ 'ouʃәn'ʒәri-әm] n.水族馆porpoise n.海豚scent [ sent] n.香味shark [ ʃa:k] n.鲨鱼shove [ ʃʌv] v.硬推snout [ snaut] n.口鼻部swoop [ swu:p] v.猛扑unconscious [ ʌn'kɔʃәs] a.不省人事的waterlogged a.浸满水的Lesson 19 disorder [ dis'ɔ:dә] n.失调electrode [ i'lektrәud] n.电极electroencephalograph n.脑电图仪hypothesis [ hai'pɔθisi:z] n.假说implication [ impli'keiʃәn] n.表明jerky [ dʒә:ki] a.急动的literally [ 'litәrәli] ad.确实odd [ ɔd] a.奇特的plausible [ 'plɔ:zәbl] a.似乎有理的psychiatrist [ sai'kaiәtrist] n.精神病学家punctuate [ 'pʌŋktjueit] v.不时介入scaly [ 'skeili] n.头发speculation [ 'spekju'leiʃәn] n.推测tissue [ 'tisju:] n.组织Lesson 20 analysis [ ә'nælәsis] n.分析arsenic [ 'a:snik] n.砒霜carnivore [ 'ka:nivɔ:] n.食肉动物cobra [ 'kәubrә] n.眼镜蛇concoct [ kәn'kɔkt] v.调制conversion [ kәn'vә:ʃәn] n.转变defy [ di'fai] v.使不可能digestive [ di'dʒestiv] a.助消化的fierce [ fiәs] a.凶猛的haemolytic a.溶血性的lizard [ 'lizәd] n.蜥蜴mamba [ 'mɔmbә] n.树眼镜蛇neurotoxic [ 'njuәrou'tɔksik, 'nu-] a.毒害神经的potency [ 'pәutәnsi] n.效力prey [ prei] n.被捕食的动物rattlesnake [ 'rætlsneik] n.响尾蛇saliva [ sә'laivә] n.唾液strychnine [ 'striknin] n.马钱子碱tussle [ 'tʌsl] n.扭打venom [ 'venәm] n.毒液vertebrate [ 'vә:tibrit] n.脊椎动物viper [ 'vaipә] n.蝰蛇viperine [ 'vaipәrin] a.毒蛇的Lesson 21 absurdly [ әb'sә:dli] ad.荒诞地alien [ 'eiljәn] a.外来的arena [ ә'ri:nә] n.竞技场地bewilder [ bi'wildә] v.使手足无措chicanery [ ʃi'keinәri] n.诈骗code [ kәud] n.准则disinherit [ 'disin'herit] v.剥夺…继承权encroaching a.渐渐渗入的framed a.遭到陷害的hypocrisy [ hi'pɔkrәsi] n.伪善immolation [ imәu'leiʃәn] n.杀戮impending [ im'pendiŋ] a.迫近的，迫在眉睫的Indian [ 'indiәn] n.印第安人mythology [ mi'θɔlәdʒi] n.神话outlaw [ 'autlɔ:] n.逃犯，亡命之徒protagonist [ prәu'tægәnist] n.主角supreme [ sju:'pri:m] a.首屈一指的taboo [ tә'bu:] n.戒律undeclared [ 'ʌndi'klєәd] a.未经宣布的vanished a.消失了的vicious [ 'viʃәs] a.恶毒的Lesson 22 communicate [ kә'mju:nikeit] v.交流，交际compound [ 'kɔmpaund, kәm'paund] a.复合的enhance [ in'ha:ns] v.增进grimly [ 'grimli] ad.可怖地humanity [ hju:'mæniti] n.人类indifferently [ in'difrәntli] ad.不在乎地loom [ lu:m] v.赫然耸起manifest [ 'mænifest] a.明显的morality [ mә'ræliti] n.道德shatter [ 'ʃætә] v.毁坏tempo [ 'tempәu] n.速率torrent [ 'tɔrәnt] n.滔滔洪流trickle [ 'trikl] n.涓涓细流twofold [ 'tu:fәuld] a.双重的whimsical [ 'wimzikl] a.怪诞的Lesson 23 adverse [ 'ædvә:s] a.逆的，相反的albatross [ 'ælbәtrɔs] n.信天翁endow [ in'dau] v.赋有gale [ geil] n.大风glider [ 'glaidә] n.滑翔者harness [ 'ha:nis] v.利用like [ laik] a.类似的omen [ 'әumen] n.预兆partridge [ 'pa:tridʒ] n.鹧鸪ply [ plai] v.不断地供给propulsion [ prә'pʌlʃәn] n.推进力slip [ slip] v.滑行sustenance [ 'sʌstәnәns] n.支撑力utter [ 'ʌtә] a.完全的Lesson 24 aesthetic [ i:s'θetik] a.审美的indefinable [ 'indi'fainәbl] a.模糊不清的intense [ in'tens] a.强烈的intimation [ inti'meiʃәn] n.暗示invest [ in'vest] v.赋予radiance [ 'reidjәns] n.发光realm [ 'relm] n.世界serenity [ si'reniti] n.静谧undeniable [ 'ʌndi'naiәbl] a.不可否认的unutterable [ ʌn'ʌtәrәbl] a.不可言传的vulgar [ 'vʌlgә] a.平庸的Lesson 25 abatement [ ә'beitmәnt] n.减少allegation [ æli'geiʃәn] n.断言anecdote [ 'ænikdәut] n.轶闻auditory [ 'ɔ:ditɑ:i] a.听觉的caption [ kæpʃәn] n.插图说明diagnosis [ 'daiәg'nәusis] n.诊断discredit [ dis'kredit] v.怀疑inadequate [ in'ædikwit] a.不适当的orphanage [ 'ɔ:fәnidʒ] n.孤儿院persecute [ 'pә:sikju:t] v.迫害plea [ pli:] n.要求psychiatric [ 'saiki'ætrik] a.精神病学的slander [ 'sla:ndә] v.诽谤snag [ snæg] n.疑难之处，障碍squadron [ 'skwɔdrәn] n.中队wreck [ rek] n.残废人Lesson 26 bogged a.陷入泥沼的，陷于困境的crevasse [ kri'væs] n.缝隙decompose [ 'di:kәm'pәuz] v.腐烂inaccessible [ inæk'sesәbl] a.不能到达的paleontological a.古生物学的preservation [ 'prezә(:)'veiʃәn] n.保存sabre-toothed a.长着锐利的长犬牙的scavenger [ 'skævindʒә] n.食腐动物Siberian [ sai'biәriәn] a.西伯利亚的silt [ silt] n.淤泥St.Petersbrug n.圣彼得堡venture [ 'ventʃә] v.冒险vole [ vәul] n.野鼠，鼹鼠Lesson 27 ablaze [ ә'bleiz] a.光彩的armament [ 'a:mәmәnt] n.军械ballast [ 'bælәst] n.压舱物Baltic [ 'bɔ:ltik] n.波罗的海bronze [ brɔnz] n.青铜cannon [ 'kænәn] n.加农炮cherub [ 'tʃerәb] n.小天使churn [ tʃә:n] v.翻滚counteract [ 'kauntә'rækt] v.抵消demon [ 'di:mәn] n.恶魔drifting a.弥漫的ferment [ 'fә:ment] n.激动不安flagship [ 'flægʃip] n.旗舰freshen [ 'freʃәn] v.变强galleon [ 'gæliәn] n.大型帆船heave [ hi:v] v.拖hurricane [ 'hʌrikәn] n.飓风imperial [ im'piәriәl] a.帝国的inrush [ 'inrʌʃ] n.水的涌入list [ list] v.倾斜majestic [ mә'dʒestik] a.威严的mermaid [ 'mә:meid] n.美人鱼might [ mait] n.力量mount [ maunt] v. 登上muzzle [ 'mʌzl] n.炮口ordnance [ 'ɔ:dnәns] n.军械ornament [ 'ɔ:nәmәnt, 'ɔ:nәment] v.装饰pennant [ `p[1]nnt; 'pennt] n.三角旗port [ pɔ:t] n.(船、飞机的)左舷portray [ pɔ:'trei] v.绘制riot [ 'raiәt] n.丰富squall [ skwɔ:l] n.暴风starboard [ 'sta:bәd] n.(船、飞机的)右舷steepen [ 'sti:pәn] v.变得更陡峭Stockholm [ 'stɔkhәum] n.斯德哥尔摩superstructure [ 'sju:pә'strʌktʃә] n.上部结构triple [ 'tripl] a.三层的zoomorphic [ 'zouә'mɔ:fik] a.兽形的Lesson 28 astronomical [ 'æstrә'nɔmikәl] a.天文学的curative [ 'kjuәrәtiv] a.治病的disgusting a.令人讨厌的fervently [ 'fә:vәntli] ad.热情地forefathers n.祖先inconvenience [ 'inkәn'vi:njәns] n.不便indisposition [ in'dispә'ziʃәn] n.小病ointment [ 'ɔintmәnt] n.药膏prescribe [ pris'kraib] v.开药方remedy [ 'remidi] n.药物skeptical [ 'skeptikәl] a.怀疑的tangible [ tændʒәbl] a.实实在在的Lesson 29 cushion [ 'kuʃәn] n.座垫dune [ dju:n] n.沙丘hovercraft [ 'hɔvәkra:ft] n.气垫船hover-train n.气垫火车Norfolk Broads n.诺福克郡的湖泊地区plantation [ plæn'teiʃәn] n.种植园ring [ riŋ] v.围sensation [ sen'seiʃәn] n.轰动Solent n.(英国的)苏伦特海峡Lesson 30 crust [ krʌst] n.地壳dredge [ dredʒ] v.挖掘erode [ i'rәud] v.侵蚀expedition [ 'ekspi'diʃәn] n.远征magnitude [ 'mægnitju:d] n.很多navigation [ 'nævi'geiʃәn] n.航海physicist [ 'fizisist] n.物理学家porcupine [ 'pɔ:kjupain] n.箭猪rugged [ 'rʌgid] a.崎岖不平的sediment [ 'sedimәnt] n.沉淀物sounding n.水深度tableland n.高地terrace [ 'terәs] n.阶地topography [ tә'pɔgrәfi] n.地形Lesson 31 bud [ bʌd] n.花蕾bulrush [ 'bulrʌʃ] n.芦苇carrot [ 'kærәt] n.胡萝卜colour-blind a.色盲的comprehend [ 'kɔmpri'hend] v.理解ladybird n.瓢虫lark [ la:k] n.云雀mushroom [ 'mʌʃrum] n.蘑菇perception [ pә'sepʃәn] n.知觉reminiscence [ 'remi'nisns] n.回忆，联想spatial [ 'speiʃәl] a.空间的tadpole [ 'tædpәul] n.蝌蚪visualize [ 'vizjuәlaiz] v.使具形象，设想Lesson 32 Aristotelian [ æristә'ti:liәn] n.亚里士多德学派的人Aristotle [ 'æristɔtl] n.亚里士多德(古希腊哲学家)clash [ klæʃ] n.冲突contrivance [ kәn'traivәns] n.器械controversy [ 'kɔntrәvә:si] n.争议，争论culpable [ 'kʌlpәbl] a.应受谴责的despise [ dis'paiz] v.蔑视distort [ dis'tɔ:t] v.歪曲dust [ dʌst] n.纠纷，骚动familiarity [ fә'mili'æriti] n.熟悉generalize [ 'dʒenәrәlaiz] v.归纳Inquisition [ inkwi'ziʃәn] n.(罗马天主教的)宗教法庭intimate [ 'intimit] a.详尽的Leaning Tower Pisa 比萨斜塔nebula [ 'nebjulә] n.星云perspective [ pә:'spektiv] n.观点，看法potentiality [ pә'tenʃi'æliti] n.潜能Ptolemy n.托勒密(公元90-168，古希腊天文学家)scratch [ skrætʃ] n.擦痕spiral [ 'spaiәrәl] a.螺旋状的theoretical [ θiә'retikl] a.理论上的undercurrent [ 'ʌndә'kʌrәnt] n.潜流Lesson 33 adverse [ 'ædvә:s] a.逆的，相反的capacity [ kә'pæsiti] n.能力compulsory [ kәm'pʌlsәri] a.义务的deem [ di:m] v.认为defendant [ di'fendәnt] n.被告delinquency [ di'liŋkwәnsi] n.犯罪democratic [ 'demә'krætik] a.民主的hamper [ 'hæmpә] v.妨碍illiterate [ i'litәrit] n.文盲juvenile [ 'dʒu:vinail] a.青少年的means [ mi:nz] n.方法，手段，财产，资力outlook [ 'aut-luk] n.视野preacher [ 'pri:tʃә] n.传教士purchasable [ 'pә:tʃәsәbl] a.可买到的savannah [ sә'vænә] n.大草原tribal [ traibl] a.部落的tribe [ traib] n.部落Lesson 34 adolescence [ 'ædәu'lesns] n.青春期adolescent [ ædә'lesәnt] n.青少年(12-18岁)authoritarian [ ɔ:'θɔri'tєәriәn] a.专制的cow [ kau] v.吓唬disillusionment [dɪsɪˈluʒənmənt] n.幻灭感disloyalty [ dis'lɔiәlti] n.不忠实evaluation [ i'vælju'eiʃәn] n.评价infallibility [in'fælә'bilәti] n.一贯正确resent [ ri'zent] v.怨恨retreat [ ri'tri:t] v.后退sincerity [ sin'seriti] n.诚挚slur [ slә:] n.诋毁spiteful [ 'spaitful] a.恶意的，怀恨的unreasoning [ ʌn'ri:zәniŋ] a.不凭理智的victorian [ vik'tɔ:riәn] a.维多利亚式的Lesson 35 accelerate [ æk'selәreit] v.加速Apollo [ ә'pɔlәu] n.阿波罗canyon [ 'kænjәn] n.峡谷chasm [ tʃæzәm] n.断层，裂口fascination [ 'fæsi'neiʃәn] n.魅力hub [ hʌb] n.(活动的)中心lunar [ 'lju:nә] a.月球的oxygen [ 'ɔksidʒәn] n.氧气permanently ad.永远地senior [ 'si:njә] a.资历深的，年长的terrestrial [ ti'restriәl] a.地球Lesson 36 administer [ әd'ministә] v.管理administrative [ әd'ministrәtiv] a.行政管理的analogous [ ә'nælәgәs] a.类似的backward [ 'bækwәd] a.落后的checker n.检查人员correspondingly ad.相应地disunited a.分裂的dividend [ 'dividend] n.红利foreman [ 'fɔ:mәn] n.监工incur [ in'kә:] v.承担initiative [ i'niʃiәtiv] n.主动，积极性overheads n.一般费用unduly [ ʌn'dju:li] ad.过度地Lesson 37 ageing n.老化friction [ 'frikʃәn] n.摩擦imperceptible [ 'impә'septәbl] a.感觉不到的infant [ 'infәnt] n.婴儿likelihood [ 'laiklihud] n.可能性moot [ mu:t] a.争论未决的odds [ ɔdz] n.可能性organism [ 'ɔ:gәnizәm] n.有机体robust [ rәu'bʌst] a.强健的run-down a.破旧的steep [ sti:p] a.急转直下的thermodynamics [ 'θә:mәudai'næmiks] n.热力学virtual [ 'vә:tjuәl] a.实际上的vulnerable [ 'vʌlnәrәbl] a.脆弱的Lesson 38 acidic [ ә'sidik] a.酸的，酸性的alcohol [ 'ælkәhɔl] n.酒精bactericidal [ bæktirә'saidl] a.杀菌的carbonated a.碳化的，碳酸的contamination [ kәntæmi'neiʃәn] n.污染disinfectant [ disin'fektәnt] n.消毒剂ethanol [ 'eθәnoul] n.乙醇intermittent [ intә'mitnt] a.间歇的，断断续续的leakage [ 'li:kidʒ] n.泄漏methylated a.加入甲醇的negligible [ 'neglidʒәbl] a.可以忽略的，微不足道的sanitation [ 'sæni'teiʃn] n.卫生，卫生设备sewage [ 'sju:idʒ] n.污水sterilize [ 'sterilaiz] v.消毒Lesson 39 afresh [ ә'freʃ] ad.重新blur [ blә:] v.使…模糊不清confess [ kәn'fes] v.承认discern [ di'sә:n] v.辨明，领悟fathom [ 'fæðәm] n.噚（1噚等于1.8米）flirt [ flә:t] v.调情incidentally [ 'insi'dentәli] ad.顺便说一下indescribable [ indis'kraibәbl] a.无法描述的inmost [ 'inmәust] a.内心深处的inspiration [ 'inspә'reiʃәn] n.灵感interminably ad.没完没了地interweave [ 'intә'wi:v] v.交织Kashmir [ 'kæʃ'miә] n.克什米尔pertinent [ 'pә:tinәnt] a.中肯的winkle [ 'wiŋkl] v.挖掘yeast [ ji:st] n.激动Lesson 40 actuality [ æktʃu'æliti] n.现实catastrophic [ kætә'strɔfik] a.大灾难的crest [ krest] n.浪峰energize [ 'enә'dʒaiz] v.给与…能量exquisite [ 'ekskwizit] a.高雅的gravitational [ grævi'teiʃәnl] a.地心吸力的horizontal [ 'hɔri'zɔntl] a.水平的infinity [ in'finiti] n.无穷maturity [ mә'tjuәriti] n.成熟particle [ 'pa:tikl] n.微粒phenomena [ fi'nɔminә] n.现象ray [ rei] n.光线rhythm [ 'riðәm] n.节奏signature [ 'signitʃә] n.签名，标记transmit [ trænz'mit] v.传送tremor [ 'tremә] n.震颤trough [ trɔ:f] n.波谷undulate [ 'ʌndjuleit] v.波动，形成波浪vertical [ 'vә:tikәl] a.垂直的Lesson 41 accompaniment [ ә'kʌmpәnimәnt] n.伴奏alarming a.引起惊恐的assign [ ә'sain] v.分配，指派blandishment [ 'blændiʃmәnt] n.奉承calf [ ka:f] n.幼仔chant [ tʃa:nt] n.单调的歌curl [ kә:l] v.使卷曲endearing [ in'diәriŋ] a.惹人喜爱的epithet [ 'epiθet] n.称呼keep [ ki:p] n.生计lash [ læʃ] v.猛烈地甩mahout [ mә'haut] n.驯象的人pine [ pain] v.消瘦plunge [ plʌndʒ] v.向前冲reinforce [ 'ri:in'fɔ:s] v.加强resentful [ ri'zentful] a.仇恨不满的soothe [ su:ð] v.镇定subservient [ sәb'sә:vjәnt] a.屈从的susceptible [ sә'septәbl] a.易受感染的tame [ teim] a.养驯服了的technique [ tek'ni:k] n.技术tether [ 'teðә] v.(用绳)拴ticklish [ 'tikliʃ] a.难对付的，棘手的tough [ tʌf] a.强硬的underline [ 'ʌndә'lain] v.着重说明，强调Lesson 42 bluebottle [ 'blu:bɔtl] n.绿头苍蝇delicate [ 'delikit] a.灵敏的drum [ drʌm] n.鼓状物earthquake [ 'ә:θkweik] n.地震graph [ græf] n.图表graphic [ 'græfik] a.图示的legibly [ 'ledʒәbli] ad.字迹清楚地longitudinal [ 'lɔndʒi'tju:dinl] a.纵向的ninepin n.九柱戏中的木柱penholder n.笔杆rigid [ 'ridʒid] a.坚硬的seismometer [ saiz'mɔmitә] n.地震仪slumber [ 'slʌmbә] v.睡眠transverse [ 'trænzvә:s] a.横向的wriggle [ 'rigl] v.扭动Lesson 43 cm n.厘米(=centimetre)emission [ i'miʃәn] n.散发encounter [ in'kauntә] n.相遇hydrogen [ 'haidridʒәn] n.氢气interstellar [ 'intә'stelә] a.星际的megacycle [ 'megәsaikl] n.兆周Mercury [ 'mә:kjuri] n.水星prevailing [ pri'veiliŋ] a.普遍的radio astronomer n.射电天文学家radio frequency n.无线电频率rational [ 'ræʃәnl] a.合理的rendezvous [ 'rɔndәvu:] n.约会地点uniquely ad.唯一地Lesson 44 aberrant [ æ'berәnt] a.脱离常轨的，异常的accommodation [ ә,kɔmә'deiʃәn] n.适应barbarian [ ba:'bєәriәn] n.野蛮人cactus [ 'kæktәs] n.仙人掌commonplace [ 'kɔmәnpleis] a.平凡的controversial [ 'kɔntrә'vә:ʃәl] a.引起争论的incumbent [ in'kʌmbәnt] a.义不容辞的，有责任的manifest [ 'mænifest] a.明显的nebula [ 'nebjulә] n.星云pagan [ 'peigәn] n.异教徒predominant [ pri'dɔminәnt] a.占优势的，起支配作用的preferential [ prefә'renʃәl] a.优先的preliminary [ pri'liminәri] a.初步的premise [ 'premis, pri'maiz] n.前提pristine [ 'pristain] a.纯洁的，质朴的proposition [ 'prɔpә'ziʃәn] n.主张sophistication [ sә'fisti'keiʃәn] n.老练stereotype [ stiәriәtaip] n.陈规supernatural [ 'sju:pә'nætʃәrәl] a.超自然的termite [ 'tә:mait] n.白蚁trivial [ 'triviәl] a.微不足道的variant [ 'vєәriәnt] a.不同的vernacular [ vә'nækjulә] n.方言Lesson 45 conceive [ kәn'si:v] v.想像dispute [ dis'pju:t] v.争夺drainage [ 'dreinidʒ] n.下水系统envision [ en'viʒәn] n.预想heretic [ 'herәtik] n.异教徒，异端邪说latitude [ 'lætitju:d] n.纬度Morocco [ mә'rɔkәu] n.摩洛哥mosquito [ mәs'ki:tәu] n.蚊虫nuclear [ 'nju:kliә] a.原子弹的original [ ә'ridʒәnәl] a.有独到见解的subdue [ sʌb'dju:] v.征服suffice [ sә'fais] v.足够Lesson 46 absorbing [ әb'sɔ:biŋ] a.引人入胜的aggravate [ 'ægrәveit] v.加剧appetite [ 'æpitait] n.欲望avenge [ ә'vendʒ] v.替…报复banish [ 'bæniʃ] v.排除，放弃boredom [ 'bɔ:dәm] n.厌烦caprice [ kә'pri:s] n.任性clatter [ 'klætә] n.喧闹的谈话convulsive [ kәn'vʌlsiv] a.起痉挛的frantically [ 'fræntikәli] ad.狂乱地futile [ 'fju:tail] a.无用的gifted [ 'giftid] a.有天才的gratify [ 'grætifai] v.使满意grip [ grip] n.紧张grudge [ grʌdʒ] v.怨恨illumination [ i'lju:mi'neiʃәn] n.启发，照明improvise [ 'imprәvaiz] v.临时作成insinuate [ in'sinjueit] v.使潜入，暗示psychologist [ sai'kɔlәdʒist] n.心理学家recuperation [ ri'kju:pә'reiʃәn] n.休息satiation [ 'seiʃi'eiʃәn] n.满足sedulously ad.孜孜不倦地spasm [ 'spæzәm] n.一阵(感情)发作sustenance [ 'sʌstәnәns] n.支撑力trifling [ 'traifliŋ] a.微小的undue [ 'ʌn'dju:] a.不适当的vivify [ 'vivifai] v.使生气勃勃Lesson 47 affluent [ 'æfluәnt] a.富有的alienate [ 'eiljәneit] v.使疏远assumption [ ә'sʌmpʃәn] n.假定boo [ bu:] n.呸的一声cater [ 'keitә] v.迎合chambermaid n.女招待员cosmopolitan [ 'kɔzmә'pɔlitәn] a.世界的cynic [ 'sinik] n.愤世嫉俗者entail [ in'teil] v.使成为必要eternal [ i'tә:nl] a.永久的exclusively ad.排他地heath [ hi:θ] n.荒地hierarchy [ 'haiәra:ki] n.等级制度inclement [ in'klemәnt] a.险恶的insularity [ 'insju'læriti] n.偏狭itinerant [ i'tinәrәnt] n.巡回者maitre d'hotel n.［法语］总管manoeuvre [ mә'nu:vә] v.(驱车)移动municipality [ mju:'nisi'pæliti] n.市政当局myriad [ 'miriәd] a.无数的overwhelmingly [ 'әuvә'hwelmiŋli] ad.以压倒优势地，清一色地package tour n.由旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游paradox [ 'pærәdɔks] n.自相矛盾的事patronage [ 'pætrәnidʒ] n.恩惠，惠顾preponderance [ pri'pɔndәrәns] n.优势sauerkraut [ 'sauәkraut] n.泡菜shun [ ʃʌn] v.避开snobbery [ 'snɔbәri] n.势利sociologist [ 'sәusi'ɔlәdʒist] n.社会学家vie [ vai] v.竞争Lesson 48 alongside [ ә'lɔŋ'said] prep.在…旁边，和…一起broker [ 'brәukә] n.经纪人convertible [ kәn'vә:tәbl] n.可换证券finance [ fai'næns, fi-] n.资金，财源fritter [ 'fritә] v.挥霍，浪费gilt [ gilt] n.金边证券(高度可靠的证券)heady [ 'hedi] a.令人陶醉的Las Vegas n.拉斯韦加斯mortgage [ 'mɔ:gidʒ] n.抵押贷款pedestrian [ pi'destriәn] a.平淡无奇的，乏味的pension [ 'penʃәn] n.养老金portfolio [ pɔ:t'fouljou] n.投资组合priority [ prai'ɔriti] n.优先权reputable [ 'repjutәbl] a.享有声望的sanguine [ 'sæŋgwin] a.乐观的tipster [ 'tipstә] n.(提供证券投机等消息为生的)情报贩子。
(完整版)新概念英语第四册(中英对译)
＄课文1 发现化石人1. We can read of things that happened 5，000 years ago in the Near East， where people first learned to write。
我们从书籍中可读到5，000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字.2。
But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write。
但直到现在，世界上有些地方，人们还不会书写。
3。
The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tales to another。
他们保存历史的唯一办法是将历史当作传说讲述，由讲述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来。
4。
These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago，这些传说是有用的，因为他们告诉我们很久以前生活在这里的移民的一些事情。
5。
but none could write down what they did。
但是没有人能写下来。
6. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from.人类学家过去不清楚如今生活在太平洋诸岛上的波利尼西亚人的祖先来自何方，7。
The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2，000 years ago。
新概念英语第四册课后习题
新观点英语第四册课后习题答案Unit1CABDDBDAAC ABUnit25DBADDCACDBCAUnit2BCBDCACAAD BCUnit26CBCBACDDABACUnit3CABDACDABA CDUnit27BCDCCACCDDDAUnit4ACCABBCDAA BDUnit28ADCDABCADABDUnit5CABABDACBB DDUnit29CCADDCCADABCUnit6CACCCAAADB AAUnit3CABDDBCCACDCUnit7DCABABACDA ACUnit31AABADBADDCBDUnit8BDABDBAABC BCUnit32BDCBADBDCABCUnit9CDBAACABAC ADUnit33BDBADBCCDCBAU nit1CAABDCBBDC AAUnit34DCACBDACDBCAU nit11AABDDDADDB DDUnit35CBCACABBDCCDU nit12CABACCDACA ABUnit36ACBCCACCDBACU nit13ACDACBDABC ADUnit37CABACDBCDCBDU nit14DBDCCACCBD BDUnit38CAABBACBDDABU nit15CADCDDBACA CAUnit39BCADABDDBDBCU nit16ABCCADDBAB ACUnit4DCDACADDDADBU1BB BB CAU4ACA CBB Bnit7ADA DCD nit1CD BD CU nit18BABCDCDCCC BAUnit42BCCBDBDADCACU nit19BBCADAABDD BCUnit43DBABCCDDACBBU nit2BCADCCCBDB CAUnit44AAAABBBBDCBAU nit21BDBBAADDAB CAUnit45CADACCACDCDCU nit22CDACBADBCD ABUnit46BBDBDABCDABDU nit23CADCCDCABC ACUnit47CAADBCACDBBCU nit24AACCBCADDA CDUnit48CCBCCCCDBAAB新观点4笔录1Findingfossilman一、要点单词解说1、recount：v.表达注意读音，重音在后。
(完整版)新概念英语第四册课文详解(L1-25)
Lesson 1 Finding fossil man第一课发现化石人by ROBIN PLACEfrom Finding fossil man1—1。
We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write。
【译文】我们能读到五千年前近东发生之事，那里的人最先学会了书写。
【单词和短语】read：此处为不及物动词，意为“读到，获悉”（to find out information from books,newspapers etc。
），后接of或about，例如:He reads about the war. 他读到关于战争的消息。
Did you read of their accident in the newspapers?你在报上看到他们遭遇意外事故的消息了么？5，000 years：五千年.另学习millennium,意为“一千年”，复数为millennia。
5，000 years 即为5 millennia。
the Near East：近东，指地中海东部沿岸地区，包括亚洲西南部和非洲东北部,有时还包括巴尔干半岛。
1—2。
But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write.【译文】但时至今日世上某些地方的人还不会书写.【单词和短语】even now:此处意为“甚至到现在”，例如:Even now he won't believe me. 他甚至到现在还不相信我。
even now另有两解,一为“就在此刻”，例如：Perhaps even now the time has arrived。
也许正是此刻时机来到了。
另一为“尽管这样，虽然情况如此”（in spite of what has happened）,例如：I have explained everything,but even now she doesn’t understand.我什么都解释了，但是尽管如此她还是不明白。
新概念英语【第四册】单词表__带音标
solitary [ 'sɔlitәri] a./唯一的
impoverish [ im'pɔvәriʃ] v./使贫困
Alpine [ 'ælpain] a./阿尔卑斯山的
flea-ridden a./布满跳蚤的
coarse [ kɔ:s] a./粗劣的
boast [ bәust] v./自恃有
★第四册★
~
~
Lesson 1
fossil man a./化石人
recount [ ri'kaunt] v./叙述
saga [ 'sa:gә] n./英雄故事
legend [ 'ledʒәnd] n./传说，传奇
migration [ mai'greiʃәn] n./迁移，移居
anthropologist [ ænθrә'pɔlәdʒist] n./人类学家
geologist [ dʒi'ɔlәdʒist] n./地质学家
coring bit/取芯钻头
cylinder [ 'silindә] n./圆柱体
strata [ 'streitә] n./岩层［复]
accord [ә'kɔ:d] n./协议
device [ di'vais] n./仪器，器械
hammer out v./推敲
pact [ pækt] n./合同，条约，公约
~
~
Lesson 9
espionage(title) n./间谍活动
Danish [ 'deiniʃ] a./丹麦的，丹麦人的，丹麦语的
~
新概念英语第四册课文word版
Lesson1We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas--legends handed down from one generation of story-tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.Lesson2Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf ? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.Lesson3Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal--the top!It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheeseaccompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alpsmust have been very hard indeed.Lesson4In the Soviet Union several cases have been reported recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls. One case concerns an 'eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was firstnoticed by her father. One day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles.Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of UIyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed that her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity. During all these tests Vera was blindfold; and, indeed,except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin. It was also found that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet.Lesson5The gorilla is something of a paradox in the African scene. One thinks one knows him very well. For a hundred years or more he has been killed, captured, and imprisoned, in zoos. His bones have been mounted in natural history museums everywhere, and he has always exerted a strong fascination upon scientists and romantics alike. He is the stereotyped monster of the horror films and the adventure books, and an obvious (though not perhaps strictly scientific) linkwith our ancestral past.Yet the fact is we know very little about gorillas. No really satisfactory photograph has ever been taken of one in a wild state, no zoologist, however intrepid, has been able to keep the animalunder close and constant observation in the dark jungles in which he lives. Carl Akeley, the American naturalist, led two expeditions in the nineteen-twenties, and now lies buried among the animals heloved so well. But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social pattern of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence. All this and many other things remain almost as much a mystery as they were when the French explorer Du Chaillu first described the animal to the civilized world a century ago. The Abominable Snowman who haunts the imagination of climbers in the Himalayas is hardly more elusive.Lesson6People are always talking about' the problem of youth '. If there is one—which I take leave to doubt--then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down tofundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings--people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain--that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. It's as if they were in some sense cosmic beings in violent an lovely contrast with us suburbancreatures. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be conceited, ill- mannered, presumptuous of fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect for elders--as if mere age were a reason for respect.I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.Lesson7I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Even if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general principles.Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive. You play to win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win.On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level sport is frankly mimic warfare. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations. who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe--at any rate for short periods--that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.Lesson8Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made, washing can go to the laundry, foodcan be bought cooked, canned or preserved, bread is baked and delivered by the baker, milk arrives on the doorstep, meals can be had at the restaurant, the works' canteen, and the school dining-room.It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father's occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work, but thispractice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child's home life, the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages fatheris seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works economic advantages accrue, but children lose something of great value if mother's employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.Lesson9Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly utilitarian role.To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyone knows that if he shouts in the vicinity of a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstruction the longer time will elapse for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the hull of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps and the receiptof the echoes the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding apparatus, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying ac- cording to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step from locating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved apparatus, it is now possible not only to locate a shoal but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo .A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles--or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.Lesson10In our new society there is a growing dislike of original, creative men. The manipulated do notunderstand them; the manipulators fear them. The tidy committee men regard them with horror, knowing that no pigeonholes can be found for them. We could do with a few original, creative men in our political life—if only to create some enthusiasm, release some energy--but where are they? We are asked to choose between various shades of the negative. The engine is falling to pieces while the joint owners of the car argue whether the footbrake or the handbrake should be applied. Notice how the cold, colourless men, without ideas and with no other passion but a craving for success, get on in this society, capturing one plum after another and taking the juice and taste out of them. Sometimes you might think the machines we worship make all the chief appointments, promoting the human beings who seem closest to them. Between mid-night and dawn, when sleep will not come and all the old wounds begin to ache, I often have a nightmare vision of a future world in which there are billions of people, all numbered and registered, with not a gleam ofgenius anywhere, not an original mind, a rich personality, on the whole packed globe. The twin ideals of our time, organization and quantity, will have won for ever.Lesson11Alfred the Great acted as his own spy, visiting Danish camps disguised as a minstrel. In those days wandering minstrels were welcome everywhere. They were not fighting men, and their harp was their passport. Alfred had learned many of their ballads in his youth, and could vary his programme with acrobatic tricks and simple conjuring.While Alfred's little army slowly began to gather at Athelney, the king himself set out to penetrate the camp of Guthrum, the commander of the Danish invaders. These had settled down for the winter at Chippenham: thither Alfred went. He noticed at once that discipline was slack: the Danes had the self-confidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual. They lived well, on the proceeds of raids onneighbouring regions. There they collected women as well as food and drink, and a life of ease had made them soft.Alfred stayed in the camp a week before he returned to Athelney. The force there assembled was trivial compared with the Danish horde. But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle : and that their commissariat had no organization, but depended on irregular raids.So, faced with the Danish advance, Alfred did not risk open battle but harried the enemy. He was constantly on the move, drawing the Danes after him. His patrols halted the raiding parties: hunger assailed the Danish army. Now Alfred began a long series of skirmishes--and within a month the Danes had surrendered. The episode could reasonably serve as a unique epic of royal espionage!Lesson12What characterizes almost all Hollywood pictures is their inner emptiness. This is compensated for by an outer impressiveness. Such impressiveness usually takes the form of truly grandiose realism. Nothing is spared to make the setting, the costumes, all of the surface details correct. These efforts help to mask the essential emptiness of the characterization, and the absurdities and trivialities of the plots. The houses look like houses, the streets look like streets; the people look and talk like people; but they are empty of humanity, credibility, and motivation. Needless to say, the disgraceful censorship code is an important factor in predetermining the content of these pictures. But the code does not disturb the profits, nor the entertainment value of the films; it merely helps to prevent them from being credible. It isn't too heavy a burden for the industry to bear. In addition to the impressiveness of the settings, there is a use of the camera, which at times seems magical. But of what human import is all thisskill, all this effort, all this energy in the production of effects, when the story, the representation of life is hollow, stupid, banal, childish ?Lesson13Oxford has been ruined by the motor industry. The peace which Oxford once knew, and which a great university city should always have, has been swept ruthlessly away; and no benefactions and research endowments can make up for the change in character which the city has suffered. At six in the morning the old courts shake to the roar of buses taking the next shift to Cowley and Pressed Steel, great lorries with a double deck cargo of cars for export lumber past Magdalen and the University Church. Loads of motor-engines are hurried hither and thither and the streets are thronged with a population which has no interest in learning and knows no studies beyond servo-systems and distributors, compression ratios and camshafts.Theoretically the marriage of an old seat of learning and tradition with a new and wealthy industry might be expected to produce some interesting children. It might have been thought that the culture of the university would radiate out and transform the lives of the workers. That this has not happened may be the fault of the university, for at both Oxford and Cambridge the colleges tend tolive in an era which is certainly not of the twentieth century, and upon a planet which bears little resemblance to the war-torn Earth. Wherever the fault may lie the fact remains that it is the theatre at Oxford and not at Cambridge which is on the verge of extinction, and the only fruit of the combination of industry and the rarefied atmosphere of learning is the dust in the streets, and a pathetic sense of being lost which hangs over some of the colleges.Lesson14Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it- so at least it seems to me----is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river--small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age,can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And it, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.Lesson15When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time, either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person. Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor--who is which depending on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer,unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques drawn by himself. He gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer's money on a cheque on which its customer's signature has been forged. It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the modern practice, adopted by some banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If this facilitates forgery it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.Lesson16The deepest holes of all are made for oil, and they go down to as much as 25,000 feet. But we do notneed to send men down to get the oil out, as we must with other mineral deposits. The holes are only borings, less than a foot in diameter. My particular experience is largely in oil, and the search for oil has done more to improve deep drilling than any other mining activity. When it has been decided where we are going to drill, we put up at the surface an oil derrick. It has to be tall because it is like a giant block and tackle, and we have to lower into the ground and haul out of the ground great lengths of drill pipe which are rotated by an engine at the top and are fitted with a cutting bit at the bottom.The geologist needs to know what rocks the drill has reached, so every so often a sample is obtained with a coring bit. It cuts a clean cylinder of rock, from which can be seen he strata the drill has been cutting through. Once we get down to the oil, it usually flows to the surface because great pressure, either from gas or water, is pushing it. This pressure must be under control, and we control it by means of the mud which wecirculate down the drill pipe. We endeavour to avoid the old, romantic idea of a gusher, which wastes oil and gas. We want it to stay down the hole until we can lead it off in a controlled manner.Lesson17The fact that we are not sure what 'intelligence' is, nor what is passed on, does not prevent us from finding it a very useful working concept, and placing a certain amount of reliance on tests which 'measure' it.In an intelligence test we take a sample of an individual's ability to solve puzzles and problems of various kinds, and if we have taken a representative sample it will allow us to predict successfully the level of performance he will reach in a wide variety of occupations. This became of particular importance when, as a result of the 1944 Education Act, secondary schooling for all became law, and grammar schools, with the exception of a small number ofindependent foundation schools, became available to the whole population. Since the number of grammar schools in the country could accommodate at most approximately 25 per cent of the total child population of eleven-plus, some kind of selection had to be made. Narrowly academic examinations and tests were felt, quite rightly, to be heavily weighted in favour of children who had had the advantage of highly-academic primary schools and academically biased homes. Intelligence tests were devised to counteract this narrow specialization, by introducing problems which were not based on specifically scholastically-acquired knowledge. The intelligence test is an attempt to assess the general ability of any child to think, reason, judge, analyse and synthesize by presenting him with situations, both verbal and practical, which are within his range of competence and understanding.Lesson18Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific in industry. One is the general atmosphere of secrecy in which it is carried out, the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker. In so far as any inquiry is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out from effective contact with their fellow scientists either in other countries or in universities, or even , often enough , in other departments of the same firm. The degree of secrecy naturally varies considerably. Some of the bigger firms are engaged in researches which are of such general and fundamental nature that it is a positive advantage to them not to keep them secret. Yet a great many processes depending on such research are sought for with complete secrecy until the stage at which patents can be taken out. Even more processes are never patented at all but kept as secret processes. This applies particularly to chemical industries, where chance discoveries play a much larger part than they do in physicaland mechanical industries. Sometimes the secrecy goes to such an extent that the whole nature of the research cannot be mentioned. Many firms, for instance, have great difficulty in obtaining technical or scientific books from libraries because they are unwilling to have their names entered as having taken out such and such a book for fear the agents of other firms should be able to trace the kind of research they are likely to be undertaking.Lesson19A gentleman is, rather than does. He is interested in nothing in a professional way. He is allowed to cultivate hobbies, even eccentricities, but must not practise a vocation. He must know how to ride and shoot and cast a fly. He should have relatives in the army and navy and at least one connection in the diplomatic service. But there are weaknesses in the English gentleman's ability to rule us today. He usually knows nothing of political economy and less about how foreigncountries are governed. He does not respect learning and prefers 'sport '. The problem set for society is not the virtues of the type so much as its adequacy for its function, and here grave difficulties arise. He refuses to consider sufficiently the wants of the customer, who must buy, not the thing he desires but the thing the English gentleman wants to sell. He attends inadequately to technological development. Disbelieving in the necessity of large-scale production in the modern world, he is passionately devoted to excessive secrecy, both in finance and method of production. He has an incurable and widespread nepotism in appointment, discounting ability and relying upon a mystic entity called 'character,' which means, in a gentleman's mouth, the qualities he traditionally possesses himself. His lack of imagination and the narrowness of his social loyalties have ranged against him one of the fundamental estates of the realm. He is incapable of that imaginative realism which admits thatthis is a new world to which he must adjust himself and his institutions, that every privilege he formerly took as of right he can now attain only by offering proof that it is directly relevant to social welfare.Lesson20In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend。
新概念英语第4册课后练习题含答案
新概念英语第4册课后练习题含答案一、听力理解Section AI. 短对话1.答案：C2.答案：B3.答案：A4.答案：B5.答案：CII. 长对话6.答案：C7.答案：A8.答案：BSection BI. 对话理解9.答案：B10.答案：C11.答案：A12.答案：C13.答案：BII. 短文理解14.答案：B15.答案：C16.答案：A二、词汇与语法Section AI. 单项选择17.答案：D18.答案：B19.答案：C20.答案：C21.答案：A22.答案：B23.答案：A24.答案：C25.答案：DII. 填空26.答案：active27.答案：insisted on28.答案：playful29.答案：to smoke30.答案：in case Section BI. 单项选择31.答案：B32.答案：D33.答案：B34.答案：D35.答案：CII. 填空36.答案：by37.答案：hadn’t38.答案：such a39.答案：for40.答案：took三、阅读理解Section A41.答案：D42.答案：A43.答案：C44.答案：B45.答案：CSection B46.答案：B47.答案：D48.答案：A49.答案：C50.答案：B四、书面表达请根据提示，写一篇80词左右的短文。
提示：你将在假期出去旅游，向你的朋友询问一些旅行建议。
Dear friend,I’m planning to go on a trip during the coming holiday. Would you mind giving me some advice? First of all, where do you suggest I go? I’d like to visit somewhere that’s both exciting and safe. Second, what kind of transportation should I use to get there? I’m trying to save money, so I don’t want to spend too much on transportation. Finally, what should I prepare before I leave? Are there any necessary items that I should bring with me?Thanks for your help in advan ce. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.Best regards,[Your name]答案仅供参考，希望同学们在完成练习后自己核对答案并进行总结和反思。