高考英语阅读篇章结构题解题技巧

高考英语阅读篇章结构题解题技巧

阅读理解占有较大的分值,掌握有效的解题技巧可以有效快速解题,

高考英语阅读篇章结构题解题技巧

1．

确定指代关系。最常见的提问方式是：The underlined word “they/it/…” in paragraph… refers to… …

2．

对句子意义或作用的理解。最常见的提问方式是：The sentence “… …” in paragraph … means ….; The example of

… …in para….is used to illustrate/show … ….

3．

对段落大意或段落作用的理解。最常见的提问方式是：The last paragraph mainly tell us that … …; The purpose

of writing Paragraph … is …. ….

4．

对文章组织结构的理解。最常见的提问方式是：How is the passage organized?；Which of the following best

shows the structure of the passage?

在上述几类题中考生感觉难做的题是第四类,

这类题是近两年来出现的主要考查议论文结构的命题新方式,且逐

步得到语言教育专家们的认可。并逐步推广到对其他文体结构的考查。分析这一类的题我们看出：对文章组织结构的考查不外乎两个层次。一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构，一是按写作方法（论证方法）理解文章的结构。

首先，看看这样考查从段落层次理解文章的结构。这类题经常用到的提问方式是：Which

of the following best shows the structure of the passage? 常见的段落结构有如下几种情况：

图1表明：①（Paragraph

1）是主题段（提出论题或论点），②、③段是就同一论据或者问题的同一方面作论述，④用另一论据材料或者从问题的另一方面论述，⑤段是结论段或者是用来重述论题、强调论点的段落。同样我们很容易理解图2、3、4所示的段落结构的意义。

下面具体看看

The

twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before changes for the

better, changes for the worse, changes that brought a lot of benefits to human

beings, changes that put man in danger .Many things caused the changes, but, in

my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.

Scientific

research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us

a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe, it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous

development. Technology in the application of science has made big advances that

have benefited us in nearly every part of life.

The

continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even

greater advantages to human beings: in pure science—a wider and deeper knowledge

in all fields of learning; in applied science—a more reasonable sharing of

material benefits, and better protection of the environment.

Sadly,

however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has

been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and

technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has

created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this

planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons, Although their

actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of

nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if

the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the

human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.

William

Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线）, good and ill

together. “The above brief revie w of the application of only one part of human

activities—science seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be

so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?