2021年考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案_2
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2021年考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案
Text 1
It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though
he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better
future.
Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a
teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not
something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but
practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students
should be able to name the 13th president of the United States
but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain?
As Koziatek know, there is learning in just about
everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students
to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations
of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by
assembling a bicycle.
But he's also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working
with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. School
in the family of vocational education "have that
stereotype...that it's for kids who can't make it
第 2 页 共 15 页 academically," he says.
On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of
America's evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine
that it once was. The job security that the US economy once
offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More
education is the new principle. We want more for our kids, and
rightfully so.
But the headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important
point: That's not the only thing the American economy
needs.Yes,a bachelor's degree opens moredoors. Buteven now,54
percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such
as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44
percent of workers are adequately trained.
In other words, at a time when the working class has turned
the country on its political head, frustrated that the
opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious
solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in
working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most
aren't equipped to do them. Koziatek's Manchester School of
Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.
Koziatek's school is a wake-up call. When education becomes
第 3 页 共 15 页 one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity
of gifts.
21.【题干】A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students'
lack of_____.
【选项】
A.mechanical memorization
B.academic training
C.practical ability
D.pioneering spirit
【答案】C
【解析】这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么时候这种观点变得可接受了呢?学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏了的自行车链束手无策”。从作者使用问句的形式就可判断出作者并不接受这种观点，即学生只学会书本上的知识而不具备实际能力。再结合上一句话即本段第二句话，Mr Koziatek是New Hampshire高中的一名老师，在这所学校，学习不只是书本上的知识，或者是为了考试，也不是为了机械化的记忆，而是为了实际的技能。能看出，作者认为学生们缺少的是实际技能，所以答案是C practical ability. Text 2
While fossil fuels – coal, oil, gas – still generate
roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer
than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as
第 4 页 共 15 页 wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum
around the world. They now account for more than half of new
power sources going on line.
Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and
farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But
increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of
renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels
has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close
to one-third in the past eight years.
In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a
principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind
turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of
homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China
and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.
In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted
for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US,
reported the US Energy Information Administration.
President Trump has underlined fossil fuels – especially
coal – as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in
Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.
But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind
turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’
第 5 页 共 15 页 s electricity generation – and where tech giants like
Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean
energy to power their data centers.
The question "what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or
the sun doesn’t shine?" has provided a quick put-down for
skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is
making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more
2021年考研英语二真题及答案
2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD
ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
It'snotdifficulttosettargetsforstaff.Itismuchharder,1,tounderstandtheirnegative
consequences.Mostwork-relatedbehaviorshavemultiplecomponents.2oneandtheothers
becomedistorted.
TravelonaLondonbusandyou'll3seehowthisworkswithdrivers.Watchpeopleget
onandshowtheirtickets.Aretheycarefullyinspected?Never.Dopeoplegetonwithoutpaying?
Ofcourse!Arethereinspectorsto4thatpeoplehavepaid?Possibly,butveryfew.Andpeople
whorunforthebus?Theyare5.Howaboutjumpinglights?Busesdosoalmostasfrequently
ascyclists.
Why?Becausethetargetis6.Peoplecomplainedthatbuseswerelateandinfrequent.7,thenumberofbusesandbuslaneswereincreased,anddriverswere8orpunished
accordingtothetimetheytook.Anddrivershitthesetargets.Butthey9hitcyclists.Ifthe
2018年考研英语二真题与答案
'.
;. 2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）
及答案
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark
A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will
obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty,
according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that
the need to know is so strong that people will ___2_ _ to satisfy their curiosity even
when it is clear the answer will ___3___.
In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago
Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students'
willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy
2021考研英语(二)真题及答案(完整版)
2021 考研英语（二）真题及答案
Section I Use of English
It's not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, （1） to understand their
negative harder,consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.
（2）one and the others become distorted.
Travel on a London bus and you'll （3） see how this works with drivers. Watch
people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people
get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to（4） that people have paid?
Possibly, but very few.And people who run for the bus? They are（5）. How about
jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
Why? Because the target is（6）. People complained that buses were late and
infrequent. （7）,the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were
（8）or punished according to the time they took.And drivers hit these targets. But they
2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题及答案
1 2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C
or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
It's not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1 to understand
their negative consequences.Most work-related behaviors have multiple
components. 2 one and the others become distorted.
Travel on a London bus and you'll 3 see how this works with drivers.Watch
people get on and show their tickets.Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do
people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people
have paid?Possibly, but very few.And people who run for the bus? They are
5.How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
Why? Because the target is 6.People complained that buses were late and
2021考研英语二真题原文及答案解析
2021年考研英语（二）真题原文及答案解析SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)It'snotdifficulttosettargetsforstaff.Itismuchharder,1,tounderstandtheirnegativeconsequences.Mostwork-relatedbehaviorshavemultiplecomponents.2oneandtheothersbecomedistorted.TravelonaLondonbusandyou'll3seehowthisworkswithdrivers.Watchpeoplegetonandshowtheirtickets.Aretheycarefullyinspected?Never.Dopeoplegetonwithoutpaying?Ofcourse!Arethereinspectorsto4thatpeoplehavepaid?Possibly,butveryfew.Andpeoplewhorunforthebus?Theyare5.Howaboutjumpinglights?Busesdosoalmostasfrequentlyascyclists.Why?Becausethetargetis6.Peoplecomplainedthatbuseswerelateandinfrequent.7,thenumberofbusesandbuslaneswereincreased,anddriverswere8orpunishedaccordingtothetimetheytook.Anddrivershitthesetargets.Butthey9hitcyclists.Ifthetargetwaschangedto10,youwouldhavemoreinspectorsandmoresensitivepricing.Ifthecriterionchangedtosafety,youwouldgetmore11driverswhoobeyedtrafficlaws.Butboththesecriteriawouldbeattheexpenseoftime.Thereisanother12:peoplebecameimmenselyinventiveinhittingtargets.Haveyou13thatyoucanleaveonaflightanhourlatebutstillarriveontime?Tailwinds?Ofcoursenot!Airlineshavesimplychangedthetimea14ismeanttotake.Aone-hourfightisnowballadasatwo-hourflight.The15ofthestoryissimple.Mostjobsaremultidimensional,withmultiplecriteria.Chooseonecriterionandyoumaywell16others.EverythingCanbedonefasterandmadecheaper,butthereisa17.Settingtargetscananddoeshaveunforeseennegativeconsequences.Thisisnotanargumentagainsttarget-setting.Butitisanargumentforexploringconsequencesfirst.Allgoodtargetsshouldhavemultiplecriteria18criticalfactorssuchastime,money,qualityandcustomerfeedback.Thetrickisnotonlyto19justoneoreventwodimensionsoftheobjective,butalsotounderstandhowtohelppeoplebetter20theobjective.1.[A]therefore[B]however[C]again[D]moreover2.[A]Emphasizes[B]Identify[C]Asses[D]Explain3.[A]nearly[B]curiously[C]eagerly[D]quickly4.[A]claim[B]prove[C]check[D]recall5.[A]threatened[B]ignored[C]mocked[D]blamed6.[A]punctuality[B]hospitality[C]competition[D]innovation7.[A]Yes[B]So[C]Besides[D]Still8.[A]hired[B]trained[C]rewarded[D]grouped9.[A]only[B]rather[C]once[D]also10.[A]comfort[B]revenue[C]efficiency[D]security11.[A]friendly[B]quiet[C]cautious[D]diligent12.[A]purpose[B]problem[C]prejudice[D]policy13.[A]reported[B]revealed[C]admitted[D]noticed14.[A]break[B]trip[C]departure[D]transfer15.[A]moral[B]background[C]style[D]form16.[A]interpret[B]criticize[C]sacrifice[D]tolerate17.[A]task[B]secret[C]product[D]cast18.[A]leadingto[B]callingfor[C]relatingto[D]accountingfor19.[A]specify[B]predict[C]restore[D]create20.[A]modify[B]review[C]present[D]achieve参考答案：1.[B]however2.[A]Emphasize3.[D]quickly4.[C]check5.[B]ignored6.[A]punctuality7.[B]So8.[C]rewarded9.[D]also10.[B]revenue11.[C]cautious12.[B]problem13.[D]noticed14.[B]trip15.[B]background16.[C]sacrifice17.[D]cost18.[C]relatingto19.[A]specify20.[D]achieveSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1‘Reskilling’issomethingthatsoundslikeabuzzwordbutisactuallyarequirementifweplantohaveafuturewherealotofwould-beworkersdonotgetleftbehind.Weknowwearemovingintoaperiodwherethejobsindemandwillchangerapidly,aswilltherequirementsofthejobsthatremainResearchbytheWEFdetailedintheHarvardBusinessReview,findsthatonaverage42percentofthe“coreskills"withinjobroleswillchangeby2022.Thatisaveryshorttimeline,sowecanonlyimaginewhatthechangeswillbefurtherinthefuture.Thequestionofwhoshouldpayforreskillingisathornyone.Forindividualcompanies,thetemptationisalwaystoletgoofworkerswhoseskillsarenolongerindemandandreplacethemwiththosewhoseskillsare.Thatdoesnotalwayshappen.AT&Tisoftengivenasthegoldstandardofacompanywhodecidedtodoamassivereskillingprogramratherthangowithafire-and-hirestrategy.Othercompanieshadalsopledgedtocreatetheirownplans.Whentheskillsmismatchisinthebroadereconomy.Though,thefocususuallytumstogovernmenttohandle.EffortsinCanadaandelsewherehavebeenarguablylanguidatbest.Andhavegivenusasituationwherewefrequentlyhearofemployersbeggingforworkers.Evenattimesandinregionswhereunemploymentishigh.Withthepandemic,unemploymentisveryhighindeed.InFebruaryat3.5percentand5.5P.C.respectively,unemploymentratesinCanadaandtheUnitedStateswereatgenerationallowsandworkershortageswereeverywhere.AsofMay,thoserateshadspikedupto13.3percentand13.7percent,andalthoughmanyworkershortageshaddisappeared,notallhaddoneso.Inthemedicalfield,totakeanobviousexample,thepandemicmeantthattherewerestillcleanshortagesofdoctors,nursesandothermedicalpersonnel.Ofcourse,itisnotlikeyoucantakeanunemployedwaiterandtrainhimtobeadoctorinafewweeks,nomatterwhopaysforit.Butevenifyoucannotclosethegap,maybeyoucancloseothersanddoingsowouldbetothebenefitofallconcern.ThatseemstobethecaseinSweden:whenforcedtofurlough90PC.oftheircabinstaff.ScandinavianAirlinedecidedtostartupashortretainingprogramthatreskilledthelaid-offworkerstosupporthospitalstaff.TheeffortwasacollectiveoneandinvolvedothercompaniesaswellasaSwedishuniversity.21.ResearchbytheWorldEconomicForumsuggests.[A]anincreaseinfulltimeemployment[B]anurgentdemandfornewjobsills[C]asteadygrowthofjobopportunities[D]acontroversyreaboutthe“coreskills”22.AT&Tiscitedtoshow.[A]analternativetothefire-and-hirestrategy[B]animmediateneedforgovernmentsupport[C]theimportanceofstaffappraisalstandards[D]thecharacteristicsofres-killingprograms23.Eflor1storesolvetheskillsmismatchinCanada[A]havedrivenuplabourcosts[B]haveprovedtobeinconsistent[C]havemetwithfierceopposition[D]haveappearedtobeinsufficient24.WecanlearnfromParagraph3thattherewas[A]acallforpolicyadjustment[B]achangeinhiringpractices[C]alackofmedicalworkers[D]asignofeconomicrecovery
2021考研英语(二)真题答案与解析
12021年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）真题解析SectionIUseofEnglish1.[A]therefore[B]however[C]again[D]moreover【解析】由第一句中notdifficult与第二句中muchharder形成语意对立关系，由此确定[B]为正确答案，表示转折关系。2.[A]Emphasize[B]identify[C]Assess[D]explain【解析】由空格后and可知前后两种情况并列，后者distorted表示“扭曲”，语意趋势上表示负面性，则前面要么填负面性语意词或正面性语意词汇。选项[B]，[]C和[D]都是中性趋势，排除，只有选项[A]符合题意，表示重视和强调。提示：并列不仅包括语意并列，还包括结构并列。3.[A]nearly[B]curiously[C]eagerly[D]quickly【解析】此题考查语境分析。分析句子结构可知：travelonbus作为youwillseehowthisworkswithdrivers的条件或背景。结合语境，同在一辆车，一切尽收眼底，所以选项[D]符合题意。4.[A]claim[B]prove[C]check[D]recall【解析】该段第二句对drivers的工作界定为：watchpeoplegeton，由此可知其验票职责；在结合本题空格句中peoplehavepaid；由此可知选项[C]正确。5.[A]threatened[B]ignored[C]mocked[D]blamed【解析】本题难度来自对they的界定，到底指drivers，还是指people（乘客）；从上面的一系列问句形式中找答案。Aretheycarefullyinspected？主体是people；再对照文中几个疑问，主体都应该是people，所以选项[B]符合题意。提示：选项[D]有干扰性，容易理解为：车在前面跑，乘客在后面追赶车，没有追上，结果被乘客责备。6.[A]punctuality[B]hospitality[C]competition[D]innovation【解析】上一段呈现了一系列的问题，本段寻求答案。因为目的而产生，如此我们可以得出一个逻辑：target→driveractions（上一段呈现的问题）→结果（peoplecomplainedthat...），因此从complained的内容即late（晚点）和infrequent（车次少，隐含久等）都指向时间范畴，如此可以得出选项[A]正确。7.[A]Yet[B]So[C]Besides[D]Still【解析】由werelateandinfrequent到busesandbuslaneswereincreased的转变可知，可知由因果关系。所以选项[B]正确。8.[A]hired[B]trained[C]rewarded[D]grouped【解析】由并列联系or可知前后必然相对而不能相同；在结合accordingto（根据）提供的评价性背景，可以确定选项[C]正确。9.[A]only[B]rather[C]once[D]also【解析】考查上下语境分析。由前后句子中的hit重复出现，而接替的对象不同，一个是targets，一个是cyclists，所以选项[D]符合题意。10.[A]comfort[B]revenue[C]efficiency[D]security【解析】由if可知，前面为条件，后面为结果，由此可以从结果逆势寻求答案；结果是：moreinspectors(用于检票）andmoresensitivepricing都指向金钱，由此可以确定选项[B]符合题意。11.[A]friendly[B]quiet[C]cautious[D]diligent【解析】本题解答思维与第10题相反，由前提推到结论。现在标准是“safety”，则必然与司机相关，因此可以确定选项[C]符合题意。提示：选项[D]虽然是好的品质，但无法与safety构成直接关系。12.[A]purpose[B]problem[C]prejudice[D]policy【解析】考查上下语境分析。由another一词可知下面阐述与上面的本质相同，上面就在分析诸多问题，下文必然与之相对。且由本段下文的内容（Aone-hourflightisnowbilledasatwo-hourflight）也可以得出选项[B]符合题意。13.[A]reported[B]revealed[C]Admitted[D]noticed
2021年考研英语二答案完整版(含新题型)
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Section I Use of English
1、【答案】B concluded
【解析】 题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。所以正确答案为B。
2、【答案】A protective
【解析】 题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。Dangerous和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。
3、【答案】C likewise
【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重。需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。A选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D选项therefore表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地;也，而且。因此正确答案为C。
4、【答案】A indicator
【解析】本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。A选项，表示指示器，指标。B选项objective表示客观;C选项origin表示来，D选项e_le表示例子。根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。因此正确答案为A。
5、【答案】D concern 第 2 页 共 3 页 【解析】本句话的句意是，需要更加_____是，很难对肥胖加以定义。A、impact(印象);B、relevance(相关性);C、assistance(辅助);D、concern(关注)。前文已经说到肥胖事实上有利健康，但是又面临一个问题，到底如何去定义肥胖，因此需要更加关注的是对肥的定义，其他选项均不符合题意，所以正确答案为D。
2021年考研《英语二》答案及解析(海文版)
第 1 页 共 17 页
2021年考研《英语二》答案及解析(海文版)
第 1 页：完型填空第 3 页：阅读理解第 8 页：翻译第 9 页：写作
1、【答案】[C] signal
【解析】此题所在的上下文内容的意思是：陌生人之间没有交流，大家都只关注自己的手机，甚至不_______。A项“票”，B项“允许”，C项“信号，打招呼”，D项“记录”;选项中，只有C项符合上下文语义，因此signal正确。
2、【答案】[D] much
【解析】第二个空格所在句子的语义内容是：我们避免和其他人交流是件很悲哀的是，原因在与和陌生人交流，我们会收获_______。根据句子内容，显然是指和陌生人交流，我们会从中收获很多东西。A.B.C.三个选项均不符合句意。因此答案选much.
3、【答案】[C] plugged
【解析】该题所在语境的意思是：不知道和陌生人交流，我们会从中收获很多东西吗，原因在于____我们的手机。A.打;B.引导;C.插入，投入;D.带来;四个选项分别带入句中，可以判断出plugged符合句意。
4、【答案】[A] message
【解析】该题所在句子的意思是：这种普遍存在的盔甲(不和陌生人交流)传递了“不要靠近我”这个________。显然这里考察了动宾搭配的考点，而且空格处的内容是说“不要靠近我”。所以，根据
第 2 页 共 17 页 send这个动词和空格处后面的内容可以判断出，答案为message。其他选项均不符合前后语义。
5、【答案】[C] behind
【解析】该所要表达的意思是：…藏在我们屏幕的_______位置。A.下面;B.之外; C.后面;D. 来自;四个选项分别带入原句，只有behind符合句意。
6、【答案】[D] misinterpreted
【解析】空的语境为：我们害怕被拒绝，也害怕我们善意的社交之举被____成“怪异的”，只有答案D符合上下文语义。
2021年考研《英语二》阅读理解答案(跨考版)
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2021年考研《英语二》阅读理解答案(跨考版)
2021年考研英语二阅读理解试题及答案解析
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考试采取“一题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the
questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your
answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author
Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much
a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only
two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed
the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have
recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such
2021年考研英语二真题及答案解析
2021年考研英语二真题及答案解析
一、阅读理解（Part A）
Passage 1
Passage 2
This passage explores the impact of social media on
mental health. It acknowledges that social media can be a
useful tool for staying connected with friends and family,
but also highlights the negative effects it can have on
mental wellbeing, such as increased feelings of loneliness,
anxiety, and depression. The author suggests strategies for
managing social media use, such as setting limits on screen
time, unfollowing accounts that cause negative feelings, and
engaging in offline activities.
Passage 3
This passage discusses the benefits of exercise for brain
health. It explains how physical activity can improve
cognitive function, memory, and mood. The author provides
examples of different types of exercise that can benefit the
brain, such as aerobic exercise, strength training, and yoga.