定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句(1)
定语从句五种句式
导语：定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句⾸。
下⾯是店铺给⼤家整理的定语从句五种句式的相关内容，希望能给你带来帮助! 定语从句五种句式 ⼀、限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表⼈，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
⽽且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，⽽且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先⾏词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先⾏词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多⽤which，但在带有下列词的句⼦中⽤that⽽不⽤which，这些词包括all, anything, much 等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句⽤来修饰⼈，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，⽤来表⽰地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表⽰时间 ［注］值得⼀提的是，表⽰时间“time"⼀词的定语从句只⽤when引导，有时不⽤任何关系代词，当然也不⽤that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything 或nothing时，常⽤there is来引导 ⼆、⾮限定性定语从句： ⾮限定性定语从句的作⽤是对所修饰的成分作进⼀步说明，通常和主句间⽤逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成⽴ 1. which引导的⾮限定性定语从句来说明前⾯整个句⼦的.情况或主句的某⼀部分 2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. ⼈们对⽩⽇做梦的态度正在改变，这与⼈们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有⾮常相似之处。
英语中限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
英语中限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句定语从句可分为限制性和非限制性两种：1．限制性定语从句(Restrictive attributive clauses)：限制性定语从句，使所修饰的词表示一个特定的人或东西，如果去掉它，那个词就失去意义，句子就不能成立或不完整：Any one who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted．谁要是在林中乱扔垃圾将受到指控。
这句话如把who引起的定语从句去掉，句子就不能成立。
上节例子中的定语从句大部分都是限制性定语从句。
只有在这种定语从句中，关系代词才有可能省略。
2．非限制性定语从句(Non—Restrictive Attributive Clauses)：有些定语从句只对某个词作进一步的说明，例如：She was married to Tony, who was also a student．这里who引起的就是一个非限定性定语从句，拿掉之后句子还能成立。
在一般情况下，非限制性定语从句都由一个逗号把它和句予的其它部分分开，在译成汉语时多译成一个并列句。
下面例句中部包含有非限制性定语从句：The note was left by Jim,who was here a moment ago．这个条子是吉姆留的，他刚才来过。
She introduced me to her husband，whom I hadn’t met before．她把我介绍给她丈夫，这人我以前没见过。
This is George，whose class you will be taking．这是乔治，你将接他的班。
I have many friends,some of whom were painters．我有许多朋友，其中有些是画家。
She was very fond of speaking French,which indeed she spoke well．她很喜欢讲法语，而且讲得确实很好。
非限制性定语从句用法
非限制性定语从句用法一．关系代词Who、Whom、Which、As、WhoseWho指人，在从句中充当主语Whom在从句中充当宾语1.Lintao, who is our monitor, was praised by our teacher.(主语)2.Peter, whom you met in Paris, has arrived back from vacation. (宾语) Which 代指主句中的一个词或某一部分或整个句子1.The apple trees, which I planted, hasn’t produced any fruit.（一个词、宾语）2.I am taking some weight-loss pills, which are quite popular here.（一个词、主语）3.He said that we had never seen her before, which was not true.（一个部分）4.Jone passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.（整个句子）Whose 代指定语（名词所有格或形容词性物主代词）1.My cousin, whose body is slim, took part in the activities.2.Daniel, whose brother I share a room with, has gone abroad.二．关系副词when、whereWhere在从句中充当地点状语1.The toy is in the drawer, where I often keep them.2.The story happened in Hunan, where Chairman Mao was born. When在从句中充当时间状语1.I left on Sunday, when everyone was at home.2.We will set off next month, when he feels better.Why（不出现）用for which替换1.We couldn’t accept the reason, for which he was late. Exercise:。
定语从句 1 高中英语定语从句 与非限制性定语从句 relative clause
做主语不可省略 做宾语可省略
whose
Whose book is this ? It is Mary’s book.
Mary is a good uploader. Her videos are of great use.
non-defining
extra information
My uncle is a dentist, who plays tennis every week.
先行词是否明确
不明确----需要定语从句（defining relative clause)限制修
饰，让所指更具体
He is a person. Hi is a person who is really warm-hearted. 明确------可以用非限制从（non-defining relative clause)
she= who
3.合并句子，注意关系代词通常紧跟在名词之后，表示两者的修饰 关系。
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
I met a woman who can speak six languages.
先行词
关系词
从句使用陈述语序
关系代词： who,that.which whose,whom
wanted met
object 宾语
a bag some money some books some people
定语/关系从句就是...
本质上具有形容词修饰作用的句子，用来修饰 名词/代词/句子 I know a writer who is from Japan.
高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句
高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句下面就是小编给大家带来的高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句，希望能帮助到大家!高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句易错点1 关系代词与关系副词的混用1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用，修饰名词或代词2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where。
易错点2 关系代词who、whom、whose的误用对于定语从句关系词的考查，首先要确定从句是什么类型的从句，然后再分析关系词在从句中的成分，最后选择正确的词。
要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力，和理解能力。
如果缺少主宾表，要用that或which，缺少状语用关系副词when，where，why，缺少定语用whose。
易错点3 关系代词that和which的误用只用which，不能用that的情况(1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成"介词+关系代词"结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用which.如：☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，如：☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
(2) 先行词为"those+表事物的复数名词"时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that。
如：☞Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
定语从句知识点归纳
定语从句复习一、语法知识归纳定语从句( Attributive Clause) 句子作定语叫做定语从句。
定语从句放在先行词之后。
Ⅰ定语从句的引导词：关系代词和关系副词。
1. 关系代词(Relative pronoun)Do you still remember the chicken farm (that) we visited three months ago?I live in the house whose window faces the street. (＝I live in the house the window of which faces the street.)2. 关系副词We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.Ⅱ定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句（一）限制性定语从句的基本特征：限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。
限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。
从句与先行词之间没有逗号。
He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.)（二）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法1. that, which当先行词指物，并且关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，用which/that引导定语从句。
在限制性定语从句中有些情况下只能用关系代词that，不用which。
(1) 当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。
You should hand in all that you have.(2) 当先行词前面被the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。
定语从句及五种基本句型
定语从句专题一、基本概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
如：Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which;关系副词有：when, where, why.二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1．作主语用who, which和that, 如：He is the man _______ lives next door.The train ________ has just left is for Shenzhen.2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：The man _________we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book _________ I bought last week?3．作定语用whose, 如：(a) He is the man ________ car was stolen last week.(b) It was a meeting ________ importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。
whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) 4．作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。
定语从句讲解(一)
情况：先行词和关系词分开。
Because of the financial crisis（经济危机）, days are gone （ ）local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since 2. I have reached a point in my life （ ） I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why
3.After graduation she reached a point in her career____she needed to decide what to do. A．that B．what C．which D．Where 4. —What do you think of teaching, Bob? —I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ______ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. which B. C. when D. that
关系代词作主语
The trees have lost their leaves. They are behind the office building. The trees which are behind the office building have lost their lives.
The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian. The woman who can speak Russian got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.
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定语从句（一）--------关系代词的用法一．定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词有三个作用：1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词；3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who，whom和whose，关系副词包括where，when，why等。
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
（that作主语）The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语）The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. （作主语）The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. （作宾语）3. who指人在从句中做主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：The boys who are playing football are from Class One.翻译：指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常用who代替，可省略。
例如：Mr. Ling is just the man whom I want to see.翻译：5..whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow2. 关系词只能用that的情况：a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时;例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时；例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop你在商店里有什么要买的东西吗c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时；例如：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人和物时；例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁1. Do you know the man who is talking with our teacher先行词是，关系代词是，指（人/物），在定语从句中作语。
2. This is the doctor whom I saw yesterday.先行词是，关系代词是，指（人/物），在定语从句中作语。
3. Do you like the book whose color is blue先行词是，关系代词是，指（人/物），在定语从句中作语。
4. I’ve lost the pen which I like best.先行词是，关系代词是，指（人/物），在定语从句中作语。
5. The person that telephoned me is a reporter先行词是，关系代词是，指（人/物），在定语从句中作语。
做题思路：1、首先要分清主句与从句；2、然后找出先行词3、分析从句中缺少什么成分；4、再看先行词指人，还是指物；5、在此基础上，选定恰当的关系代词。
1. The man ____ is standing there is my father.A. whoB. whomC. which2. The girl ______coat is red is waiting at the gateA. who’sB. whoseC. that of which.3. That is the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when4. Who was the man _____ spoke to you just nowA. whoB. whomC. that5. It is the best film ____ she has ever seen.A. thatB. whichC. when6. China is a country _____ has a long history.A. whoB. whichC. where7. The boy ___ I talked with just now is my best friend.A. whoB. whichC. where8. We know Jackie Chan ___ movies are very popular with the young.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which9. He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what10. The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by which填上适合的关系代词并指出在句子中作什么成分。
1. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.2. This is the book you want.3. I once lived in a house window was broken.4. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.5. The house _____we live in is very old.6. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now7. I’m waiting for the woman with you talked just now.8. The town in he lives is far from here.9 This is the biggest building ________we have ever built in our school.10. This is the second school ________ I used to work at, and many students there still have contact with me.定语从句（二）---关系副词的用法一．概述定语从句中的关系副词是where ，when 和why，1. when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语eg. I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2. where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语eg. Shanghai is the city where I was born.3. why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语eg. Please tell me the reason why you are late.其中why 的用法比较固定，通常先行词必须是the reason，when 和where的用法要求有两点，第一，先行词分别表示时间和地点，第二，一定要在从句中作状语，否则即使先行词是指时间地点的也不能用when 和where。
二．关系副词=介词+关系代词关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换why=for which where=in/at which when=in/on/during which：1. The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.翻译：2. I don’t know the year when/in which he went to school.翻译：3. Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.翻译：三. 判断关系代词与关系副词的辨别：方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
不及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则要求用关系代词。
例如：This is the village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was heldIs this the museum ____you visitedA. whereB. thatC. on which1. That is the town ______ he was born.B. whereC. whenD. why2. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years agoA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one3. Is this the river _____I can swimA. whichB. in whichC. thatD. the one4. I love places ______the people are really friendly.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who5. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the countryA. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose6. I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when7. This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for which8. The house I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.9. The house I lived in ten years ago has been pulled down.10. I don’t know the reason he looks unhappy today.考点一：关系代词who,whom,whose的选择：This is the man _____often helps you.He is the student _______composition won the first prize.Don’t get close to the house _____roof is under repair.The person with _______I shook hands is my teacher.考点二：关系代词和关系副词的选择：1.①This is the market _____you can buy many things .②This is the market _____sells all kinds of things.2. (1) There’s one point _____we must insist on.(2) She reached a point ____she was supposed to make decisions of her own.3. (1) I didn’t believe the reason _____he explained to me.(2) I didn’t believe the reason ____ he went there.4. It’s a job ____ you are doing something serious but interesting.It’s a job_______ I dislike5. There was a time ____I hated to go to school.非限制性定语从句Revision定语从句(attributive clauses)通常由关系代词或关系副词引出。