4 wm 金属有机配合物
高等有机化学第四部分4-4金属有机化合物的制备.ppt
（三）其它价态金属
4EtCl + 4NaPb 4EtBr + Mg2 Sn
Et4 Pb + 4NaCl + 3Pb E4t Sn + 2MgB2r
2C6H6 + Cr*
Cr(C6H6)2
PEt3
C6F5Br +Ni* + 2 Et3P
C6F5 _ Ni Br
PEt3
4-4-2 从金属有机试剂的 交换反应制备
尽管这些取代基有的推电子，有的吸电 子，但都得到邻位的Li化试剂，这主要是诱导 效应和取代基时Li的配位作用所至。
Li
MeO
R
H
MeO Li
当然这反应也不限于芳基金属试剂，如：
+ ( i Pr )2NU1 HMPT
N
CH2LI W
（四）金属化合物对双键的加成
1、 RLi + C C
R C C Li （ 增加两个碳 ）
M=Fe,Cr,V
这类金属交换反应在有机合成中非常有用，
因为可以直接从金属本身制备的金属有机化 合物太活泼，反应的选择性差，而选择性高 的金属有机试剂活性低，难以直接从金属制 备，所以只好用间接方法。
（二）另一种交换方式
R M + R' X
R' M + RX
其中用得最多的是Li交换反应。
BuLi +
2、M(CO)6 + RLi [ Me3O]BF4
(CO)5M
C
OLi R
(CO)5M
C
OMe R
( Fisher Carbene)
3、B2H6 + 6MeCH2CH CH2
2Bu3
基于羧酸配体的金属有机配合物设计与组装.doc
重庆大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）基于羧酸配体的金属有机配合物设计与组装学生：李洪江学号：20116650指导教师：龚云专业：应用化学重庆大学化学化工学院二O一五年六月Graduation Design(Thesis) of Chongqing UniversityDesign and assembly of metal organic complexes based on carboxylic ligandUndergraduate: Li HongjiangSupervisor: Prof. Gong YunMajor: Applied ChemistryChemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityJune 2015中文摘要金属-有机骨架材料（MOFs）是以金属离子或金属簇作为连接点，以有机配体作为连接体构成的无限延伸的网络结构，在储能、催化以及分离等方面都起到了广泛的作用，可能充当分子识别、选择催化、超高纯度分离、光致变色、生物传导、光电等新型材料。
由于金属-有机骨架材料（MOFs）具有结晶度高、纯度高、成本低，结构可控等一系列优点，它近些年来受到了全世界材料学研究者们的广泛关注。
本文采用水热法，利用4-(4-氧基-1-吡啶) 邻苯二甲酸(H2L)与Cd2+,采用水热法合成了两种金属-有机骨架配合物：CdL(H2O)2 (1)和C dL (2)，并对配合物1和2的结构进行了单晶X射线衍射表征。
在配合物1和2中，配体L2-采用不同的配位方式，但是这两个配合物都是二维层状结构。
粉末X射线衍射数据表明得到的配合物1是纯相样品。
本文还对配合物1进行了紫外可见光谱和热稳定性测试。
关键词：金属-有机骨架，水热合成，含氮羧酸，晶体结构ABSTRACTMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess infinite extensive network in which metal ions or metal cluster act as nodes and organic ligands function as linkers, they play important roles in storing energy, catalyzing and separation and they may have potential applications in molecular recognition, selective catalysis, separation with ultra-high purity, photochromism, biology conduction and photoelectric field. Because MOFs have a serial of advantages such as high crystallinity, high purity, low cost and adjustable structures, they have drawn extensive attention by the researchers all over the world.In this paper, using 4-(4-oxypyridinium-1-yl)phthalic acid (H2L) and Cd2+, two MOFs formulated as CdL(H2O)2 (1) and C dL (2) have been synthesized hydrothermally. The two MOFs have been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In complexes 1and 2, L2- ligand adopts different coordination modes, but the two complexes are two dimensional (2D) layer structures. Powder X-ray diffraction data indicates the bulk sample of complex 1is in pure phase. The UV-vis spectrum and thermally stability of complex 1 have also been measured.Key words：MOFs, hydrothermal synthesis, Carboxylic ligand containing N atom, crystal structure目录中文摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)1 绪论 (1)1.1 金属-有机骨架配合物的简介 (1)1.2 金属-有机骨架配合物的分类 (1)1.2.1 含氮杂环有机配体构筑MOFs (2)1.2.2 羧酸有机配体构筑MOFs (2)1.2.3 含氮杂环配体与羧酸有机配体构筑MOFs (2)1.2.4 含膦酸配体构筑MOFs (2)1.3 金属-有机骨架配合物的合成方法 (3)1.3.1 溶液挥发法 (3)1.3.2 界面扩散法 (3)1.3.3 熔融盐法 (3)1.3.4 水热法和溶剂热法 (4)1.4 金属有机配合物的应用 (5)1.4.1金属有机配合物在光学材料方面的研究 (5)1.4.2 金属有机配合物在磁性材料方面的研究 (5)1.4.3 金属有机配合物在微孔材料方面的研究 (6)1.4.4 金属有机配合物在催化反应中的研究 (7)1.4.5金属有机配位聚合物在超分子方面的研究 (7)1.5 本课题的选题目的、意义以及主要的研究方法 (8)1.5.1 本课题选题的目的和意义 (8)1.5.2 本课题的主要研究内容 (8)1.6 本论文主要使用的仪器 (9)2 两种配合物的合成 (10)2.1 实验部分 (10)2.1.1 试剂和仪器 (10)2.1.2 配合物CdL(H2O)2 (1)的合成 (10)2.1.3 配合物CdL (2)的合成 (10)2.2 配合物1与配合物2的合成区别 (11)2.3 实验中拍摄配合物实体照片的简要分析 (11)3 两种配合物的结构、参数和性质 (12)3.1 配合物CdL(H2O)2 (1)的配位方式和结构 (12)3.1.1 配合物1的配位方式 (12)3.1.2 配合物1的结构 (13)3.1.3 配合物1的相关数据 (14)3.1.4 配合物1的键长与键角 (15)3.2 配合物1的性质 (16)3.2.1 配合物1的红外光谱 (16)3.2.2 配合物1的热重分析 (17)3.3 配合物CdL (2)的配位方式和结构 (18)3.3.1 配合物2的配位方式 (18)3.3.2 配合物2的结构 (19)3.3.3 配合物2的相关数据 (20)3.3.4 配合物2的键长与键角 (21)3.4 两种配合物的紫外光谱 (22)3.4.1 紫外-可见吸收光谱 (22)4 结论与展望 (24)4.1 结论 (24)4.2 展望 (24)参考文献 (25)1 绪论1.1 金属-有机骨架配合物的简介金属-有机骨架配合物材料是主要由含氮或者含氧的有机配体与一些过渡金属离子连接从而形成可能拥有网状孔隙结构骨架的材料，我们简称MOFs[1-5]。
《手性3d-4f金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成、结构及性能研究》范文
《手性3d-4f金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成、结构及性能研究》篇一手性3d-4f金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成、结构及性能研究摘要：本文致力于研究手性3D/4F金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成方法、结构特征以及性能表现。
通过深入探讨其合成过程中的化学反应、结构分析以及实际应用性能，为相关领域的研究提供理论依据和实践指导。
一、引言手性金属配合物和金属凝胶作为近年来化学领域的研究热点，因其独特的结构和优异的性能在材料科学、生物医学和纳米技术等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。
本文将重点对手性3D/4F金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成方法、结构特点及性能进行深入研究。
二、合成方法1. 手性3D金属配合物的合成手性3D金属配合物的合成主要采用有机配体与金属离子在适当的溶剂中发生配位反应。
通过控制反应条件，如温度、pH值、浓度等，可得到具有特定结构的3D金属配合物。
2. 手性4F金属配合物的合成手性4F金属配合物的合成过程中，除了常规的配位反应外，还需引入具有四个配位点的配体，通过与金属离子的配位作用，形成具有特定空间结构的4F金属配合物。
3. 金属凝胶的合成金属凝胶的合成主要通过将金属盐与特定类型的配体或凝胶因子混合，通过化学或物理交联作用形成具有三维网络结构的凝胶。
通过调整配体和金属盐的比例、种类等条件，可控制金属凝胶的形态和性能。
三、结构特点1. 手性3D金属配合物的结构特点手性3D金属配合物具有复杂的空间结构，通过配位键和氢键等相互作用形成三维网络结构。
其结构中往往包含大量的手性中心，使得整个配合物具有手性特性。
2. 手性4F金属配合物的结构特点手性4F金属配合物具有更高的配位饱和度和更复杂的空间结构。
其配体具有四个配位点，与金属离子形成更加稳定的配位作用，使得整个配合物具有更高的稳定性和更复杂的空间结构。
3. 金属凝胶的结构特点金属凝胶具有三维网络结构，通过金属离子与配体之间的配位作用或物理交联作用形成。
其结构中包含大量的孔洞和通道，使得金属凝胶具有较高的比表面积和良好的吸附性能。
双Salamo型四肟配体构筑的锌(Ⅱ)配合物:合成,晶体结构和荧光性质
双Salamo型四肟配体构筑的锌(Ⅱ)配合物：合成,晶体结构和荧光性质杨玉华;郝静;董银娟;王刚;董文魁【摘要】Two Zn(Ⅱ) complexes,[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)] (1) and[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)] ·[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(CH3OH)(H2O)]·3CH3OH· H2O (2) have been synthesized via the complexation of zinc(lⅡ) acetate dihydrate with a bis(salamo)-type tetraoxime ligand H4L (H4L=6,6'-diethoxy-bis (2,2'-(ethylenedioxybis (nitrilomethylidyne)))tetraphenol).X-ray crystallographic analyses reveal formation of trinuclear structures consisting of two salamo-type L4-ligands and three Zn(Ⅱ) atom s as expected from the analytical data.Two of the three Zn(Ⅱ) atoms are located in the salamotype L4-chelate moieties.Theμ-phenoxo oxygen atoms of the [Zn(L)] chelates further coordinate to centre Zn(Ⅱ)atom.The trinuclear structure is probably stabilized b y the twoμ-acetato ligands,which neutralize the whole charge of the complexes 1 and 2.There are two kinds of coordination geometries (trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal or trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral geometries) in complexes 1 and 2.Inaddit ion,complexes 1 and 2 exhibit strong green emission λmax=531 and 536 nm when excited with 340 and 337 nm,respectively.%通过二水乙酸锌(Ⅱ)和双Salamo型四肟配体6,6'-二乙氧基-双(2,2'-(乙二氧双(氮次甲基)))四酚(H4L)的配位反应,合成了2种锌(Ⅱ)配合物即:[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)](1)和[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)]·[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(CH3OH)(H2O)]· 3CH3OH·H2O (2).该类配合物含有2个Salamo型L4-配体和3个锌(Ⅱ)离子,其中2个锌(Ⅱ)原子位于Salamo型螯合单元的N2O2空腔内.[Zn(L)]螯合物中桥联的酚氧原子进一步和中心的锌(Ⅱ)原子配位.这类结构能通过2个桥联的乙酸根配体稳定,从而使配合物1和2达到电荷平衡.配合物有2种不同的几何构型即扭曲的三角双锥和四方锥(配合物1)或三角双锥和八面体(配合物2).另外,配合物1和2在激发波长为340和337 nm时能发出强的绿光,其最大发射波长分别为531和536 nm.【期刊名称】《无机化学学报》【年(卷),期】2017(033)007【总页数】13页(P1280-1292)【关键词】双Salamo型四肟配体;锌(Ⅱ)配合物;合成;晶体结构;荧光性质【作者】杨玉华;郝静;董银娟;王刚;董文魁【作者单位】兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,兰州 730070;兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,兰州 730070;兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,兰州 730070;兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,兰州 730070;兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,兰州 730070【正文语种】中文【中图分类】O614.24+1The salen-type ligand and its metal complexes were discovered since the 19th century,the synthesis of the salen-type complexes have been extensively investigated for the past several decades[1],At present, some significant applications in the research of the transitionmetal complexeswith salen-type ligands has been observed,and these complexeshave been widely used in many areas,such as asymmetric catalysis[2], dioxygen carriers[3],Luminescent and magnetic properties[4-11]and biological activities,for instance,sterilization,anti-virusand anticancerand soon[12-20].Although the studies of salen-[21-25]or salamo-type[26-37]ligands and their complexes have made great progress,but it is very rarely that the study on bis(salen)-type ligands and theirmetal complexes[38-39].These bis(salen)-type ligands containing two salen-type moieties are also fascinating because some novel functions originating from the cooperation of several metal centers are expected.And thesebis(salen)-type ligands play an important role in the selective strong binding with metal(ⅡorⅢ)atoms in coordination chemistry.These metal complexes also have some important practical values[40-41].In order to further investigate syntheses,crystal structures and properties ofmetal complexes with bis (salen)-type ligands,herein,we report syntheses, structural characterizations and fluorescent properties of two newbis(salamo)-type Zncomplexes,[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)](1)and[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)]·[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(CH3OH)(H2O)]·3CH 3OH·H2O(2)via the complexation of zincacetate dihydrate with abis(salamo)-type tetraoxime ligand H4L.Furthermore,the fluorescence behavior of complexes 1 and 2 in DMF are discussed.1.1 M aterials and physicalmeasurements3-Ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde was purchased from Aldrich and used without further purification. Other reagents and solvents were analytical grade reagents from Tianjin Chemical Reagent Factory.C,H and N analyseswere carried out with a GmbH VariuoEL V3.00 automatic elemental analyzer. Elementa l analysis for Zn was detected by an IRIS ER/S·WP-1 ICP atomic emission spectrometer.1H NMR spectra were recorded on a Mercury-400BB spectrometer.UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectrawere recorded on a Shimadzu UV-2550 spectrometer and Perkin-Elmer LS-55 spectrometer,respectively.X-ray single crystal structures were determined on a Bruker Smart APEX CCD area detector.Electrolytic conductance measurements were made with a DDS-11D type conductivity bridge using a 1mmol·L-1solution in DMF at room temperature.Melting points were measured by the use of a microscopic melting point apparatus made in Beijing Taike Instrument Limited Company,and the thermometer was uncorrected.1.2 Syntheses of H4L and its Zncomplexes 1 and 2Synthetic route to H4Lis shown in Scheme 1.H4Lwas synthesized according to an analogous method reported earlier[39,42-45].m.p.401～402 K.1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3):δ=3.93(s,6H,-CH3),4.46～4.53(m,8H, -OCH2CH2O-),4.63(dt,J=5.4,1.5Hz,4H,-OCH2-),6.77 (s,2H,Ph-H),6.78～6.86(m,4H,Ph-H),6.93(dd,J= 7.2,2.2 Hz,2H,Ph-H),8.25(s,2H,N=CH),8.28(s,2H,N=CH),9.60(s,2H,-OH),9.69(s,2H,-OH).Anal. Calcd.forC30H34N4O10(%):C,59.01;H,5.61;N,9.18. Found(%):C,59.15;H,5.57;N,8.96.A solution of Znacetate monohydrate(3.26 mg,0.015 mmol)in ethanol(3.0 mL)was added dropwise to a solution of H4L(3.03 mg,0.005 mmol) in CHCl3(1.0 mL).The color of the mixing solution turned to bright yellow immediately,the mixture was filtered and the filtrate was allowed to standat room temperature for about two weeks.Along with partially volatilization of solvent of the mixed solution and several yellow block-shaped single crystals suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis were obtained. Yield:51.6%(2.4mg).Anal.Calcd.for[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)](C34H38N4O15Zn3)(%):C,43.46;H,4. 05;N,5.97; Zn,20.93.Found(%):C,43.41;H,4.07;N,5.99;Zn, 20.88.The single crystals of 2 were grown up by a similar procedure aforementioned takingZn(OAc)2· H2O(3.26mg,0.015mmol)inmethanol(3mL)and H4L (3.03mg,0.005 mmol)in 1.0 mL THF solution.The obtained bright yellow mixture was filtered and the filtrate was allowed to stand was stand at room temperature for three weeks.The solventwas partially evaporated and obtained yellow block-like single crystals suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis. Yield:57.7%(3.4mg).Anal.Calcd.for[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(H2O)]·[Zn3(L)(OAc)2(CH3OH)(H2O)]·3CH3 OH·H2O (C72H93N8O35Zn6)(%):C,42.75;H,4.63;N,5.54;Zn,19.40.Found(%):C,42.39;H,4.56;N,5.61;Zn,18.97. 1.3 Crystal structure determ inationX-ray diffraction data were collected on a Bruker Smart Apex CCD diffractometer at 298(2)K. Using graphitemonochromatized MoKαradiation(λ= 0.071 073 nm).The structures were solved using the directmethod and refined by full-matrix least-squares on F2using the SHELXL-97 program package[46].All non-hydrogen atoms were refined anistropically and hydrogens were added in calculated positions andrefined usinga ridingmodel.The X-ray crystallographic datacollection,solution and refinement parameters for the Zncomplexes are summarized in Table 1.CCDC:864890,1;1470489,2.2.1 M olar conductanceComplexes 1 and 2 are soluble in DMF and DMSO,CHCl3,butnotsoluble in EtOH,MeOH,MeCN, THF,acetone and ethyl plexes 1 and 2 display good stability in air at room temperature. Meanwhile,H4L is soluble in aforementioned solvents. Molar conductance values of complexes 1 and 2(1 mmol·L-1in DMF)at 298 K are 3.4 and 5.7 S·m2· mol-1,respectively,indicating complexes 1 and 2 are non-electrolyte.2.2 FT-IR spectraThe IR spectra of H4L and its complexes 1 and 2 show a characteristic C=N stretching band.For the free ligand H4L this band appears at 1 608 cm-1, while the C=N bandsof complexes1 and 2 are observed at 1 616 and 1 612 cm-1,respectively.These shifts toward higher wavenumbers of the C=N absorption of about 8～6 cm-1on going from H4L to complexes 1 and 2 suggest a weak p-accepting ability of the coordinated ligand[47].The Ar-O stretching frequencies appear as a strong band within the 1 265～1 213 cm-1range,as reported for similar salen-type ligands.These bands occur at 1 265 cm-1for H4L,1 260 cm-1for complex 1 and 1 263 cm-1for complex 2.The Ar-O stretching frequency is shifted to a lower value,indicating that the Zn-O bond was formed between the Znatoms and oxygen atoms of the phenolic groups[27-31,45].The O-H stretching frequency of H4L appears at 3 410 cm-1.In addition,the broad absorption centered on 3 384,3 420 and 3 419 cm-1in complexes 1 and 2,respectively,which may be assigned to the O-H stretching vibration ofwater ormethanolmolecules.2.3 UV-Vis absorption spectraThe absorption spectra of H4L and its complexes 1 and 2 in diluted DMF solution are shown in Fig.1. It can be seen that the absorption peaks of complexes 1 and 2 are obviously different from H4L upon complexation,and the spectral shapes of complexes 1 and 2 are similar to each other.An important feature of the absorption spectrum of H4L is shown that two absorption peaks are observed at 273 and 310nm,respectively.The former absorption peak at 273 nm can be assigned to theπ-π*transition of the benzene rings and the latt er one at 310 nm can be attributed to the intra-ligandπ-π*transition of the C=N bonds[28-29]. Compared with the absorption peak of H4L,there are three absorption peaks in complexes 1 and 2.The former absorption peak at 273 nm in H4L was shifted to 285 and 287 nm in complexes 1 and 2,respectively. Meanwhile,the other absorption peak at 310 nm in H4L was shifted to 328 and 331 nm in complexes 1 and 2,which was shifted by ca.18 and 21 nm, respectively.The absorption peaks of 273 and 310 nm were red-shifted upon coordination to the Zn(II)atoms in complexes 1 and 2,which can be assigned to the π-π*transitions of the salamo-type ligand.In addition,a new absorption peak at 439 and 442 nmwas observed in complexes 1 and 2,respectively.2.4 Description of the crystal structures2.4.1 Crystal structure of complex 1Selected bond lengths and angles for complex 1 are presented in Table plex 1 crystallizes in themonoclinic system,spacegroupP21/c.Theassembly of three Znatoms,one L4-ligand units,two acetate ions and one coordinated H2O molecule results in atrinuclearZncomplex(Fig.2).In molecule unit of complex 1,three Znatoms are all pentacoordinated.Firstly,the terminal Znatom(Zn2)is penta-coordinated by two oxime nitrogen(N1 and N2) and phenolic oxygen(O1 and O5)atoms of the bis (salamo)-type L4-unit and one oxygen(O12)atom of one chelating acetate ion.Secondly,the centre Znatom(Zn1)is penta-coordinated by two bridging phenolic oxygen(O1 and O2)atoms of the bis(salamo) -type L4-unit,two oxygen(O11 and O13)atoms of the chelating acetate ions and one oxygen(O15)atom from one coordinated water molecule in the apical position.At last,The terminal Znatom(Zn3)is penta-coordinated by two oxime nitrogen(N3 and N4) and phenolic oxygen(O2 and O9)atoms of the bis (salamo)-type L4-unit and one oxygen(O14)atom ofthe chelating acetate ion.The two chelating acetate ions coordinate to the three Znatoms via a familiar Zn1-O-C-O-Zn2 and Zn1-O-C-O-Zn3 coordinatedmodes.The Zn1 atom adopts a slightly distorted square pyramidalgeometry(τ=0.470)[18],which deviate from themean plane(O1-O2-O11-O13)by 0.029 5(3)nm. The distance of Zn1 atom to the five donor atoms are all different(0.198 8(5)～0.206 1(5)nm).The distances from the fouratoms to the mean plane are not equal (0.030 0～0.034 2 nm),and the distances from phenolic oxygen atom(O2)of the bis(salamo)-type L4-unit to themean plane is 0.221 8(4)nm.The Zn2 atom also adopts a slightly distorted square pyramidal geometry (τ=0.373),Four coordinationatoms(O1,O5,N1 and N2)give a mean plane,and the Zn2 atom deviate from themean plane by 0.037 4(4)nm.The distances from the five coordination atoms to the mean plane are not equal:O1 and N2 above average by 0.021 3(3) and 0.019 1(3)nm,O5 and N1 below average by0.020 8(4)and 0.019 6(3)nm,respectively.In addition, one oxygenatom(O6)of the acetate ion deviates from themean plane by 0.2367(3)nm.The dihedral angle of O1-Zn2-N1 and O5-Zn2-N2 is32.97(3)°.Interestingly,the geometry of the Zn3 atom is different from the Zn1 and Zn2 atoms.The value ofτ=0.671 c learly indicates that the environment of the Zn3 atom is a trigonal bipyramidal geometry in which the axial positions are occupied by O2 and N4 atoms.Which deviate from themean plane(O9-N3-O14)by 0.007 4(3) nm.The distance of the Zn3 atom to the five donor atomsarealldifferent(0.1976(5),0.1992(5),0.2015(4), 0.213 4(5)and 0.214 4(5)nm,respectively).The dihedral angle between the plane of N3-Zn1-O2 and thatof N4-Zn1-O9 is 53.10(3)°,which indicates the L4-unit has serious distortion.Thus,two kinds of type coordination geometries(trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal)are showed in complex 1.2.4.2 Crystal structure of complex 2Selected bond lengths and angles for complex 2 are presented in(Table2).Complex 2 crystallizes in themonoclinic system,space groupP21/c,Complex 2 consistsofsix Znatoms,two completely deprotonated L4-ligand units,four acetate ions,three coordinated watermolecules,three crystallizing methanol and one crystallizing water molecules.A perspective view of which is shown in Fig.3 together with the atomic labeling of the coordinated polyhedra.As shown in Fig.3,the crystal structure of complex 2 consists of two independent molecules A and B,and the two molecules are all trinuclear structures.In molecule A,three Znatoms are all penta-coordinated.The Znatom(Zn1)is pentacoordinated by three phenolic oxygen(O1,O2 and O5) atomsof thebis(salamo)-type L4-unit,oneoxygen(O11) atom of the chelating acetate ion and one oxygen atom (O15)from one coordinated watermolecule.The Znatom(Zn2)is penta-coordinated by two oxime nitrogen (N1 and N2)and phenolic oxygen(O1 and O5)atoms of thebis(salamo)-type L4-unit and one oxygen(O13) atom of onemonochelate acetate ion.In addition,the Znatom(Zn3)is penta-coordinated by two oxime nitrogen(N3 and N4)and phenolic oxygen(O2 and O9)atoms of thebis(salamo)-type L4-unit and one oxygen(O12)atom of the chelating acetate ion.Itwill be seen from the discussion mentioned above that the coordination environments of the three Znatoms in themolecular A is very similar.The coordination geometries of the Znatoms (Zn2 and Zn3)are best described as distorted trigonalbipyramidalgeometries(Zn2,τ=0.568;Zn3,τ=0.722)[18]in which the axialpositions are occupied by O5,N1 and O2,N4 atoms,respectively,and theZn2 and Zn3 atoms deviate from themean plane(O13-N2-O1)and (O12-N3-O9)by 0.006 0(3)and 0.001 2(3)nm,respectively.The distance of the Zn3 and Zn2 atoms to the five donoratomsarealldifferent(Zn2:0.196 8～0.219 4 nm;Zn3:0.196 4～0.212 4 nm).The dihedral angle between the plane of N2-Zn2-O5 and that of N1-Zn2-O1 is 58.74(3)°,and the dihedral angle between the plane of N3-Zn3-O2 and that of N4-Zn3-O9 is 58.44(3)°,which indicates the structureof the trinuclear core distorts from the ideal symmetry.Interestingly, the geometry of the centre Zn1 atom is different from the other two terminal Znatoms(Zn2 and Zn3). The Zn1 atom have a square pyramidal structure in which the axial sites are occupied by the O1 atom(τ=0.453),and which deviate from the mean plane(O1-O2-O11-O5)by 0.057 5(3)nm.The distance of the Zn1 atom to the four atoms from the mean plane are all different(0.196 1～0.214 8 nm).The distances from the four atoms to themean plane are not equal(0.026 1～0.041 4 nm),the dihedral angle between the plane of O1-Zn1-O5 and that of O2-Zn1-O11 is 53.83(3)°.In addition,there exists a four-membered ring(Zn1-O1-Zn2-O5)which adopts a chair-chair conformation. Thus,two kinds of coordination geometries(trigonal bipyramid and square pyramid)are showed in the molecule A.In themolecule B,Zn5 and Zn6 atoms are penta -coordinated,however,Zn4 atom is hexa-coordinated by two phenolic oxygen(O16 and O17)atoms of the bis(salamo)-type L4-unit,two oxygen(O26 and O28) atoms of the chelating acetate ions and two oxygen (O30 and O31)atoms from thecoordinated water and methanol molecules,respectively.The coordination sphere of the terminal Znatom(Zn5)is completed by two oximenitrogen(N5 and N6)and phenolic oxygen(O16 and O20)atoms of thebis(salamo)-type L4-unit and one oxygen(O27)atom of one chelating acetate ion.The coordination environment of the Zn6 atom is completely consistent with that of the Zn5 atom,and penta-coordinated by two oxime nitrogen (N7 and N8)and phenolic oxygen(O17 and O24) atoms of thebis(salamo)-type L4-unit and one oxygen atom(O29)of one chelating acetate ion.The two chelating acetate ions coordinate to the three Znatoms via a familiar Zn5-O-C-O-Zn4 and Zn4-O-C-OZn6 coordinatedmodes.The Zn5 and Zn6 atoms have similar trigonal bipyramidalgeometries(Zn5,τ=0.732;Zn6,τ=0.882)[30]with approximatemolecular symmetry C3,in which the axial positions are occupied by O16,N6 and O17,N8 atoms,respectively.The Zn5 and Zn6 atoms deviate from the mean plane(O27-N5-O20)and(O24-N7-O29)by 0.004 8(3)and 0.003 0(3)nm,respectively. Although the Zn1 and Zn2 atoms are both penta-coordinated,but the distance of the Zn3 and Zn2 atoms to the five donor atoms are all different.The dihedral angle between the plane of N6-Zn5-O20 and that of N5-Zn5-O16 is 63.46(3)°,and another dihedral angle between the plane of N8-Zn6-O24 and that of N7-Zn6-O17 is60.64(3)°.These results indicate that the L4-unithas serious distortion.Due to the Zn4 atom is hexa-coordinated,so it is clearly indicates that the coordination environment of the Zn4 atom is an octahedral geometry.Thedistance of the Zn4 atom to the six donor atoms are all different(Zn4-O28 0.200 5 nm,Zn4-O26 0.203 5 nm,Zn4-O16 0.205 0 nm,Zn4-O17 0.206 7 nm,Zn4-O30 0.207 5 nm and Zn4-O31 0.243 1 nm).In addition,The dihedral angle between the plane of O17-Zn6-O28 and that of O26-Zn4-O16 is 24.20(3)°.So,two kinds of coordination geometries (trigonal bipyramid and octahedron)are showed in the molecule B.From the above,we can know complex 2 consists of two independentmolecules A and B,and the two molecules are all trinuclear structures.There are three kinds of coordination geometries(trigonal bipyramid, square pyramid and octahedron),and every trinuclear structure has serious distortion.2.5 Supramolecular interaction2.5.1 Supramolecular interaction of complex 1The feature of complex 1 is its self-assembling array linked by intramolecular hydrogen bonds and intermolecular C-H…πinteractions.The hydrogen bond data and C-H…πinteraction data are given in (Table 3).In the crystal structure,there are four intramolecular O15-H15C…O6,O15-H15C…O9,C9-H9B…O12 and C21-H21A…O14 hydrogen bonds (Table3)involving the coordinated water,two acetate ions and alkoxy O atoms in each molecule,which is shown in Fig.4.There is also one intermolecular C-H…π(C9-H9A…Cg1)interaction(Table 3).The molecule is interlinked through intermolecular C-H…πinteractions into an infinite 1D chain(Fig.5).2.5.2 Supramolecular interaction of complex 2In the crystal structure of complex 2,there are twelve intramolecular(O15-H15C…O9,O15-H15D…O14,O30-H30F…O24,O30-H30F…O24,O30-H30F…O25,O31-H31…O20,O33-H33…O35, O35-H35C…O34,C35-H35D…O25,C9-H9A…O13,C21-H21B…O12,C44-H44B…O27,C55-H55B…O29,C56-H56…O12,C71-H71A…O32 and C71-H71B…O26)hydrogen bond interactions(Table 3)involving three coordinated water,two acetate ions, crystallizing water molecules and alkoxy O atoms in each molecule,which is shown in Fig.6.Moreover, intramolecular C-H…π(C50-H50…Cg1)(Table 3) and hydrogen bonding interactions into an infinite wave-like 2D-layer supramolecular structure parallel to the crystallographic plane(Fig.7).2.6 Lum inescence propertiesFew reports have appeared so far on the prospective use of fluorescence characteristics on transition metal complexation of bis(salamo)-type tetraoxime ligands.In this work,the fluorescence studies have been employed as independent evidence of complexation between the ligand H4L and Znatoms.The fluorescent properties of H4L and its complexes 1 and 2 were investigated at room temperature(Fig.8).The ligand H4L exhibits an intense emission peak at 456 nm upon excitation at 340 nm,which should be assigned to the intraligandπ-π*transition[19].The emission spectra of complexes 1 and 2 show amain peak at 531 nm(λex=340 nm) and 536nm(λex=338 nm),respectively.The two Zncomplexes 1 and 2 exhibit similar fluorescence emissions because of their similar molecular structures. Meanwhile,it can be seen that complexes 1 and 2 exhibit a red-shiftwithrespect to the bis(salamo)-type tetraoxime ligand H4L.We tentatively assign it to a ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT)[31].In addition, compared with the emission spectrum of H4L,the enhanced fluorescence intensity of complexes 1 and 2 is observed,we attributed it to the following points: (1)themore rigidity of the ligand coordination to Znatom that effectively reduces the loss of energy and increase the emission efficiency;(2)full d10electronic configuration of Znatom;(3)An increased rigidity in structure of the complexes 1 and 2 and a restriction in the photoinduced electron transfer(PET)[48-49].In addition,The differences of the peak positionsmay be considered to be a result of the dissimilar coordination of themetal centers because the emission behavior is closely associated to the metal ions and ligands around them[31].The strong green fluorescence indicates complexes 1 and 2 may be a good candidate for fluorescentmaterials.Thus,the emission observed in complexes 1 and 2 is tentatively assigned to the LMCT fluorescence.In this paper,two Zncomplexes 1 and 2 with a bis(salamo)-type tetraoxime ligand H4L have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR,UV-Vis spectra,molar conductance measurements,fluorescence spectra and single crystal X-ray analyses.In complex 1,three Znatoms are all penta-coordinated(two distorted square pyramid and one distorted trigonal bipyramid).In complex 2,the crystal structure of complex 2 consists of twoindependent molecules A and B,and the two molecules A and B are all trinuclear structure. Furthermore,the spectral properties of complexes 1 and 2 have also been studied.And complexes 1 and 2 show greateremission intensity compared to H4L. 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基于四硫富瓦烯氧化还原活性配体的金属有机框架材料的设计合成及性质研究
基于四硫富瓦烯氧化还原活性配体的金属有机框架材料的设计合成及性质研究四硫富瓦烯(TTF)及其衍生物因其优秀的给电子能力和两个易达的稳定氧化状态而倍受关注。
将具有氧化还原活性的四硫富瓦烯基团功能化为超分子构筑基元是配位化学和材料化学领域的一大创新。
为此,许多具有结构美学的框架结构和用途广泛的功能、智能材料应运而生。
在本论文中,我们立足于四硫富瓦烯结构基元,设计合成了一系列新型的四硫富瓦烯多羧酸配体并成功组装获得了相应的金属有机框架材料,系统研究了这些框架材料的氧化还原活性、气体吸附、导电及磁学等性质。
1.利用四硫富瓦烯四苯羧酸(H4TTFTB)配体和四种稀土金属离子(Dy、Tb、Ho 和Er)在溶剂热条件下自组装获得了一系列基于一维稀土链结构基元的新型三维MOFs材料([RE2(TTFTB)1.5(H20)3]·3DMF·13H2O)。
X-射线粉末衍射和热重分析测试表明该系列材料具有很好的化学稳定性,且其热稳定温度可以达到400℃。
固体电化学测试表明四种MOFs材料很好地继承了配体的氧化还原活性。
随后对上述MOFs材料进行化学氧化,获得并解析了含TTF 一价阳离子自由基(TTF·+)的I3--Tb-MOF的单晶结构。
TTF·+的存在同时得到了吸收光谱、电子顺磁共振波谱等测试的进一步证明。
最后,磁性研究表明氧化前后Dy和Er的MOFs材料均表现出慢弛豫行为。
2.利用H4TTFTB配体和三种稀土金属离子(Dy、Tb和Er)在溶剂热条件下自组装获得了一系列基于九核稀土簇结构基元的新型三维MOFs材料([RE9(μ3-OH)13(μ3-O)(H2O)9](TTFTB)3·16DMF)。
我们详细研究了该系列材料的热稳定性、N2吸附BET比表面积、电化学活性和稀土的特征荧光性质。
随后对上述MOFs材料进行化学氧化,并结合吸收光谱、电子顺磁共振波谱等测试对其TTF·+成分进行分析。
《手性3d-4f金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成、结构及性能研究》范文
《手性3d-4f金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成、结构及性能研究》篇一手性3d-4f金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成、结构及性能研究摘要：本文致力于研究手性3D/4F金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成方法、结构特征以及性能表现。
通过详细的实验设计和数据分析，揭示了这些化合物的独特性质及其潜在应用价值。
一、引言手性金属配合物及金属凝胶因其在催化、材料科学、药物输送等领域的重要应用而备受关注。
其独特的结构及性能与金属离子、配体的选择密切相关。
本文将重点探讨手性3D/4F金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成方法，以及其结构和性能的深入研究。
二、合成方法1. 材料选择：选择适当的金属盐（如铜、锌等）和手性配体（如氨基酸、醇类等）是合成手性金属配合物的关键。
2. 合成步骤：将选定的金属盐和配体按照一定比例混合，在适当的溶剂中加热搅拌，经过一定的反应时间后，得到手性金属配合物。
金属凝胶的合成则需在配合物的基础上，加入适量的凝胶剂，通过控制温度和pH值等条件，得到金属凝胶。
三、结构分析1. 晶体结构：通过X射线单晶衍射技术，可以明确地观察到手性金属配合物的晶体结构。
这些化合物通常展现出独特的配位模式和空间排列。
2. 凝胶结构：扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）等手段可用于观察金属凝胶的微观结构，包括其孔隙大小、分布及形状等。
四、性能研究1. 光学性能：手性金属配合物具有独特的光学性质，如圆二色性（CD）和荧光性质。
这些性质使得它们在光学材料和生物传感器等领域具有潜在应用。
2. 催化性能：部分手性金属配合物表现出良好的催化活性，可以用于有机反应的催化剂。
此外，金属凝胶也可能具有催化作用，尤其是在一些复杂的化学反应中。
3. 物理性能：金属凝胶的物理性质如机械强度、稳定性等也是研究的重要方面。
这些性质决定了其在材料科学中的应用潜力。
五、结论本文通过实验研究和数据分析，深入探讨了手性3D/4F金属配合物和金属凝胶的合成方法、结构特征以及性能表现。
新型四硫富瓦烯衍生物及金属配合物的合成、性质及表征的开题报告
新型四硫富瓦烯衍生物及金属配合物的合成、性质及表征
的开题报告
1. 研究背景
硫杂环化合物在有机合成、材料科学、医药化学等领域有着重要的应用价值。
其中，瓦烯类化合物因其具有平面形结构、降低对称性、丰富的反键电子等特点，引起
了人们的广泛关注。
四硫富瓦烯是一种新型的硫杂环化合物，其四个硫原子构成正方
形结构，具有较高的稳定性和可控性。
近年来，研究者们通过改变结构、引入功能基
团等方法，成功合成了一系列的四硫富瓦烯衍生物和金属配合物，并研究了它们的性
质和应用。
2. 研究内容
本研究的主要内容是合成一系列四硫富瓦烯衍生物及其金属配合物，并对其进行性质和表征的研究。
具体研究内容如下：
(1) 合成四硫富瓦烯衍生物：使用一定的合成路线和反应条件，合成目标化合物，并对其纯度进行检测。
(2) 合成金属配合物：选取适当的金属离子，在四硫富瓦烯衍生物中引入配位基
团形成金属配合物，并对其纯度进行检测。
(3) 性质表征：使用各种手段，如元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振光谱、电子顺
磁共振光谱等，对合成的化合物进行表征，并研究其性质和应用。
3. 研究意义
本研究将有助于深入了解四硫富瓦烯衍生物和金属配合物的化学结构和性质，为其在有机合成、材料科学、医药化学等领域的应用提供理论基础。
此外，研究结果还
将为设计新型硫杂环化合物提供参考，并丰富硫杂环化合物的结构多样性。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶 金属 络合物
聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物聚4-乙烯基吡啶（Poly(4-vinylpyridine)）是一种具有重要应用潜力的聚合物。
它是由4-乙烯基吡啶单体通过聚合反应合成而成的。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶具有许多独特的化学和物理性质，使其在各种领域中得到广泛应用，尤其是在金属络合物的制备中。
金属络合物是指由金属离子与配位体形成的稳定络合物。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶具有较高的亲金属能力，可以与金属离子形成稳定的络合物。
由于聚4-乙烯基吡啶在水中具有溶解性，因此可以在水相中与金属离子反应形成金属络合物。
在制备聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物时，一种常用的方法是将金属离子溶解于水中，然后加入适量的聚4-乙烯基吡啶溶液。
金属离子与聚4-乙烯基吡啶发生配位反应，形成金属络合物。
反应通常在室温下进行，并且可以根据需要调整溶液的pH值和金属离子浓度，以控制金属络合物的形成。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物具有许多重要的应用。
首先，它们在催化反应中具有重要作用。
金属络合物可以作为催化剂来促进化学反应的进行。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物可以提供高效的活性位点，从而增加反应速率和选择性。
此外，聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物还可以用作催化剂的稳定剂，提高催化剂的循环使用寿命。
其次，聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物在材料科学领域具有广泛的应用。
金属络合物可以对材料的性能进行改善和调节。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物可以用于制备具有特殊性能的功能材料，如气凝胶、膜材料和聚合物复合材料。
这些材料在吸附分离、气体存储、传感器和催化等方面具有潜在的应用价值。
此外，聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物还在生物医学领域中得到广泛应用。
金属络合物可以用于制备具有生物活性的聚合物材料，如药物传递系统、生物传感器和组织工程材料。
聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物可以通过调节金属配位的类型和强度来改变材料的生物相容性和生物活性，从而实现对生物体的精确控制。
总之，聚4-乙烯基吡啶金属络合物是一种具有突出性能和应用潜力的聚合物。
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(3)通过热分解或光照分解,可制得某些多核羰基化合物。 如： 3 Os(CO)5 2 Fe(CO)5 Co2(CO)6 △
UV,汽油
Os3(CO)12＋3CO Fe3(CO)9＋CO Co4(CO)12
320K
(4)两种金属的羰基化合物相互作用，可以制得异核羰基 配合物。如： 3Fe(CO)5 ＋Ru2(CO)12 380K FeRu2(CO)12 ＋Fe2Ru(CO)12＋CO
此定义只是近似的。事实上，并无严格的定义，正如无机物和 有机物也难于严格区分一样，有许多提法， 如 K[Fe(CN)6] ， Hg(CN) 2为典型的无机化合物，但分子内存在着Fe-CN键。
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Organometallic chemistry is the study of chemical compounds containing at least one bond between a carbon atom of an organic compound and a metal, including alkaline, alkaline earth, transition metal, and other cases. Moreover, some related compounds such as transition metal hydrides and metal phosphine complexes are often included in discussions of organometallic compounds. 维基百科，自由的百科全书 有机金属化学是有机化学和无机化学交叠的一门分支课程，研 究含有金属（包括类金属）和碳原子键结的有机金属化合物， 其化学反应、合成等各种问题
-配体：烯烃, 炔烃, 苯, 环戊二烯基, 其 他芳香烃。
—>
• -配合物与-酸配合物有着根本区别：
• -配合物：配体的给予和反馈都通过配体的()轨道 的利用来完成的。 • - 酸配合物：配体是利用 轨道向金属方面成键， 并且通过-轨道表现出它们的-酸度。
第二节 金属羰基配合物
有效原子序数规则计算例子
Fe－Fe金属键
Fe2(CO)9 Fe＝8 9/2 CO＝9 Fe－ ＝1, 8 ＋ 9 ＋ 1 ＝ 18 Fe(CO)2(5-C5H5)(1-C5H5) 2CO ＝ 4 5-C5H5 ＝ 5(6) 1-C5H5 ＝ 1(2) Fe ＝ 8(6), 4＋5＋1＋8＝18 或( 4＋6＋2＋6)＝18
2． 重要转折 1951年T.J.Kealy， P.L. Panson合成了二茂铁Fe(C5H5) 2 1952 年 E.D. Fischer ， G. Wilkinson 同时确定二茂铁 - 夹心 结构(1973年，Nobel 奖) 1954 年 K. Ziegler ， G. Natta 研 究 确 立 了 Ziegler 催 化 剂 (Et3Al-TiCl4)对烯烃立体定向聚合的催化，导致烯烃聚合的工业 化生产，广泛应用烷基铝作烷基化试剂和金属配合物的还原剂。 (1963， Nobel奖) 2000 年 Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa 因 Ziegler-Natta 催化合成导电高分子——聚乙炔而获 得诺贝尔奖。
4-1-2 金属有机配合物发展史
1． 开端
1827年 W.C. Zeise发现Zeise盐 K[(C2H4)PtCl3] 1849年 E. Frankland合成和研究了(C2H5) 2Zn 1890年 L. Mond合成Ni(CO) 4 1900年 V. Grignard合成格氏试剂RMgX（1912，Nobel奖）
5-2-3 羰基化合物的反应 (1)可与碱作用生成含氢羰基配合阴离子 Fe(CO)5＋3NaOH Na[Co(CO)4]＋H＋ Na[HFe(CO)4]＋Na2CO3＋H2O H[Co(CO)4]＋Na＋ Co(CO)4－ ＋ H＋ pKa≈7
(2)与酸作用生成羰基氢化物
(3)与X2、NO的取代反应 Fe2(CO)9＋4NO 2Fe(CO)2(NO)2 ＋ 6CO
• d区右边的元素，特别是第9、10族的Rh(I)、Ir(I)、Pd(II)、Pt(II)
5-2-4-2 确定配体电子数的方法
-配体： 自由基：芳基、烷基、H、X：一电子给予体 胺：二电子给予体；2-X：三电子给予体 -酸配体： CO 、膦R3P、R3As：二电子给予体 NO（亚硝酰）： 三电子给予体 -配体： n- ： n电子给予体 M－M化学键： 一电子给予体 电荷Z －Z Z电子给予体 ＋Z 减掉Z个电子
第四章 金属有机配合物
一、金属有机配合物的简介
二、金属羰基配合物
三、烯烃和炔烃配合物
四、夹心结构配合物
本章学习要求
学习金属有机化合物的定义、分类，掌握有效原 子序数规则（EAN）及其应用；
学习金属羰基化合物的制备和性质，掌握其化学 成键特点；
学习烯烃和炔烃配合物，掌握其化学成键特点；
学习夹心结构配合物的制备和性质
EAN亦称为 18电子规则 ，这个规则实际上是金属原子与配体 成键时倾向于尽可能完全使用它的九条价轨道(五条d轨道、1条s 、三条p轨道)的表现。
配位电子数+中心金属原子的价电子数 = 18
有些时候，它不是18而是16。 因为18e意味着全部 s、p、d价轨道都被利用，当金属外面 电子过多，意味着负电荷累积 , 此时假定能以反馈键 M→L形 式将负电荷转移至配体，则18e结构配合物稳定性较强； 如果配体生成反馈键的能力较弱，不能从金属原子上移去 很多的电子云密度时，则形成16电子结构配合物。 因此，EAN规则在有些书上直接叫18e和16e规则。 注意：这个规则仅是一个经验规则，不是化学键的理论.
Mn(CO)6＋ Mn+ 7－1＝6, 6CO 6×2＝12 6＋12＝18
Co(CO)4－ Co－ 9＋1＝10, 4CO 4×2＝8， 10＋8＝18
有效原子序数规则计算例子
NO是三电子配体 Mn(CO)4(NO) Mn 7 NO 3 4CO 8 --------------------2 ＋ 8 ＋ 8 ＝ 18
Cr(6－C6H6)2 2(6－C6H6)＝12 Cr 6 12＋6＝18
有效原子序数规则计算例子
Mn(CO)4(3-CH2＝CH2－CH2)
4CO＝8
(3-CH2＝CH2－CH2)＝3
Mn＝7
8＋3＋7 ＝18
5-2-4-3 EAN规则的应用
1、估计羰基化合物的稳定性
稳定的结构是 18或16电子结构，奇数电子的羰基化合物可 通过下列三种方式而得到稳定： a从还原剂夺得一个电子成为阴离子[M(CO)n]－； b 与其他含有一个未成对电子的原子或基团以共价键结 合成 HM(CO)n或M(CO)nX； c彼此结合生成为二聚体。
(2)还原和羰基化作用 还原剂可用 Na 、 Al 、 Mg 、三烷基铝、 CO 本身以及 CO ＋ H2等。如： 420K，30MPa CoCO3＋8CO＋2H2 Co2(CO)8
CrC13＋6CO＋2A1
A1C13，苯
Cr(CO)6＋A1C13
OsO4＋9CO
420K，25MPa
Os(CO)5＋4CO
(4)氧化还原反应
Mn2(CO)10 ＋Br2 2Mn(CO)5Br
5-2-4 有效原子序数规则(EAN规则)
5-2-4-1 有效原子序数规则的含义 EAN规则（Effective atomic number）
EAN规则是说金属的 d 电子数加上配体所提供的 σ电子数之 和等于18或等于最邻近的下一个稀有气体原子的价电子数 ,或中 心金属的总电子数等于下一个稀有气体原子的有效原子序数。
4-1-3 金属有机配合物研究所用仪器
DryBox
Vaccum /Schlenck Line
4-1-4 金属有机配合物分类
1、 按金属离子分类
(1)、主族金属有机化合物 Be(C2H5)2，Ge(CH3)4
(2)、过渡金属有机化合物Ni(CO) 4 (3)、烯土金属有机化合物 La(C5H5)3
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金属有机配合物 Organometallic compounds
第一节 金属有机配合物的简介 4-1-1 定义
一般认为， 凡含有一个或多个金属碳键((M-C)键,键和/或键) 的 化 合 物 ， 称 为 有 机 金 属 配 合 物 ( 化 合 物 ) 。 例 ： Li-C4H9, Pb(C2H5)4, Ni(CO)4, Fe(C5H5)2
2、估计反应的方向或产物
如： Cr(CO)6＋C6H6 → ？ 由于一个苯分子是一个 6 电子给予体，可取代出三个 CO 分 子，因此预期其产物为： [Cr(C6H6)(CO)3]＋3CO； 又如：Mn2(CO)10＋Na → ？
由于Mn2(CO)10 7×2＋10×2＝34，平均为17，为奇电子体 系，可从Na夺得一个电子成为负离子，即产物为： Na＋[Mn(CO)5]－
5-2-1金属羰基配合物的特点
金属羰基配合物是由过渡金属与配位体CO所形成的一类配合 物。 金属羰基配合物有三个特点，即 ①金属与CO 之间的化学键很强。如在Ni(CO)4 中， Ni － C 键能为 147 kJ·mol－1，这个键能值差不多与I－I键能(150 kJ·mol－ 1)和C－O单键键能(142 kJ·mol－1)值相差不多。 ②中心原子总是呈现较低的氧化态(通常为O，有时也呈较低的 正氧化态或负氧化态)。氧化态低使得有可能电子占满d－MO, 从而使M→L的电子转移成为可能。 ③大多数配合物都服从有效原子序数规则。
3、估算分子中存在的M－M键数，并推测其结构
4Co＝4×9＝36 12CO＝12×2＝24 电子总数＝60，平均每个Co周围有15e 形成四面体原子簇的结构 Co4(CO)12