上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高三上学期期中考试语文试题[精品]
上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高三上学期期中考试语文试题一、积累应用10分1.按题目要求填空（5分）（1）《采薇》选自《诗经·》（2）吾师道也，？（韩愈《师说》）（3）人间正道是沧桑，每一个人的人生都必然会体验到酸甜苦辣，苏轼在《水调歌头·明月几时有》中用“，，”表达了类似的认识。
2.选择题（5分）（1）在四月初的一天清晨，你想在微信上发布感受，下列最适合引用的一项是（2分）A.一年好景君须记，最是橙黄橘绿时B.春城无处不飞花，寒食东风御柳斜C. 一川烟草，满城风絮D. 忽如一夜春风，千树万树梨花开（2）填入下面语段横线处的语句，最恰当的一项是（3分）书法是空间艺术，但传统书论更强调它的时间性，要，使抽象的线条展示出生命变化的趣味性。
A.在时间中体现出空间的节奏B.体现时间和空间融合的节奏C.在空间中体现出时间的节奏D.体现不同的时间变化的节奏二、阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题。
（16分）说理之教化陈嘉映①这个世界有理可讲吗?在愤世嫉俗的人嘴里，这个世界是个弱肉强食的丛林世界。
的确，这个世界并不怎么温良恭俭让，有时会很残酷，我们每个人对此都要心里有数。
不过，我们还是忍不住要讲道理。
②平实而论，说理是一种重要的人类活动，近代以，说理变得愈发重要。
科学讨论的兴起，法庭辩论制度的推广，都是突出的体现。
现在，连我们带孩子也兴说理。
现代政权极重视宣传，其实也从另一个方面表明了说理的重要性。
我们事实上有时通过说理改变他人的看法，赢得支持，我们自己有时也被他人说服，从而修正自己。
③不过，作为改变他人看法的手段，我们仍不可对说理抱有过高的期待。
人们有时能被说服，但“说服”不一定全靠纯而又纯的说理，说服往往夹杂着哄骗、纠缠、利诱，甚至暗含威胁。
何况，要改变他人的看法，说理不见得是最有效的手段。
训练、实地考察、引征权威或大多数人的看法、恳求、纠缠，这些途径若非更加有效，至少同样有效。
说理不成，我可以动之以情吧。
大多数人读小说、看电影，不读论理文章。
一篇《汤姆叔叔的小屋》，一部《猜猜谁吃晚餐》，改变了很多人的种族歧视态度，被一大篇道理说得改变了态度的人恐怕不多。
有社会学家研究人们归信于某种宗教的过程，得出的结论是：归信的首要因素是感情纽带，对陌生人传教则很少成功。
此外，还有“不言而教”呢，榜样往往比用道理说服更具“说服力”。
最后，还有宣传、欺骗甚至金钱利诱、武力威胁。
④那么，说理的优势在什么地方呢?比起小说、电影、宣传、利诱，说理是最理性的，因为说理依赖于事实与逻辑的力量。
小说可能影响这个人却完全影响不了另一个人，而事实和逻辑有一种强制力，铅比铝重，3×7=21，这些是人人都不得不接受的。
⑤然而，我尝试说服某人，从不是因为他不承认铅比铝重或不承认3×7=21。
我们通常说理，并非严丝合缝地由铁定的事实与无瑕的逻辑组成。
说理的依据，必须是争论双方都能够承认和接受的东西。
但承认你的理据又怎么样呢?你的理据之外，还有千千万万理据。
你我怀着不同的立场和希望，会选择不同的理据。
以色列人要把耶路撒冷据为故土，自能提出强有力的历史依据;阿拉伯人要把以色列人赶出中东，也能列出一整批历史依据。
事实纷繁，道理没有数学公式那么清晰，所谓事实和逻辑的力量，很难与能言善辩区分开。
我们的根深蒂固的看法，依赖于众多细微的、难以标明的线索，我们并不因为多一项理据少一项理据就必须改变看法。
你滔滔雄辩，说得我哑口无言，可我仍然不愿接受你的看法——这一定是我不理性不讲理吗?你用“逻辑”证明了我的两只手并不真实存在，但若我连我有两只手都不相信了，我为什么要相信你的“逻辑”具有不可抗拒的力量呢?⑥生活世界中的说理从不具有数学证明的强度。
你说服我，是把我此前不接受的结论连到我已经理解的道理上。
我虽然不曾想到这个结论，但它是可理解的。
与其说说理的目的在于从智性上使对方臣服，不如说说理旨在创造新的理解途径，你的论证充当了重新组织我的理解的干线。
我借助你的论证理解了这个结论，而不是被你的逻辑逼着接受它。
⑦说理不仅不局限于一造说服另一造，甚至也不局限于相互说服。
我们须更广泛地把说理理解为一个共同努力获得理解的过程。
在这个基本意义上，你尝试加以说服的一方，他自己希求理解，希求真理。
不愤不启，不悱不发。
朱熹解曰：“愤者，心求通而未得之意。
悱者，口欲言而未能之貌。
启，谓开其意。
发，谓达其辞。
”庄子视说服的至境为心服，心悦诚服，这不是虚悬过高的标准，而是发说服的真义。
⑧“举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也”这句话，就连在“不愤不启不悱不发”之后。
在一事上说服别人，尚不是说理的目的;说理的目标要更高些：通过在此一事上的说服，让对方获得理解，让对方自己获得理解的能力。
说理的目标，若从根本上说，与其说是在此一事上让对方接受自己的看法，不如说是一种心智培育——说理是一种教化。
（有删改）3．第①段画线的词语“丛林世界”在文中指的是_____________________。
（2分）4．对第⑤段画线问句的作用分析最正确的一项是（）。
（3分）A．这两个问句能引发读者关于不理性不讲理的思考。
B．这两句话以困惑的语气表明“逻辑”有时行不通。
C．这两个问句表明根深蒂固的看法影响我们的说理。
D．这两句话展现了能言善辩者遇到的不讲理的情况。
5．第④、⑤段都提到“铅比铝重，3×7=21”的例子，请具体分析这一例子是如何证明观点的。
（3分）6．下列对“说理”这一概念的理解与文意相符的一项是（）。
（3分）A．说理就是用滔滔雄辩说服他人。
B．说理能最有效的改变他人的看法。
C．说理不在于是否能达成一致看法。
D．说理可以用强大的逻辑让人接受。
7．概括本文的论证思路。
（5分）(二) 阅读下文，完成第8－11题。
（15分）草戒指铁凝①初夏的一天，受日本友人邀请，去他家作客，并欣赏他的夫人为我表演茶道。
我学着主人的姿态跪坐在草席上，细品杯中碧绿的香茗，比较着中国茶文化与日本茶道的异同。
日本的茶道与中国的饮茶方式相比，更多了些拘谨和抑制，因此而少了荼与人之间那真正潇洒、自由的融合。
不似中国，从文人士大夫的伴茶清谈，到平头百姓大碗茶的畅饮，可抒怀，亦可恣肆。
或许是我想到了这些，跪坐得久了便也觉出些疲塌。
是眼前一簇狗尾巴草又活泼了我的思绪，它被女主人插在一只青花瓷笔筒里。
我猜想，这狗尾巴草或许是鲜花的替代物，茶道大约是少不了鲜花的。
②一簇狗尾巴草为茶道增添了几分清新的野趣，我的心思便不再拘泥于我跪坐的姿态和茶道的表演了，草把我引向了广阔的冀中平原……③要是你不曾在夏日的冀中平原上走过，你怎么能看见大道边、垄沟旁那些随风摇曳的狗尾巴草呢？要是你曾经在夏日的冀中平原上走过，谁能保证你就会看见大道边、垄沟旁那些随风摇曳的狗尾巴草呢？④那时太阳那么亮，垄沟里的水那么清，狗尾巴草在阳光下快乐地与浇地的女孩子嬉戏——摇起花穗扫她们的小腿。
那些女孩予不理会草的骚扰，因为她们正揪下这草穗，编结成兔子和小狗，也有掐掉草穗单拿草茎编戒指的，那扁细的戒指戴在手上虽不明显，但心儿开始闪烁了。
⑤初长成的少女不再理会这狗尾巴草，她们也编戒指，拿麦秆。
麦收过后，遍地都是这耀眼的麦秆，麦秆的正道是被当地人用编草帽辫的。
那时的乡村，各式的会议真多。
姑娘们总是这些会议热烈的响应者，或许只有会议才是她们自由交际的好去处。
那机会，村里的男青年自然也不愿错过。
姑娘们刻意打扮过自己，胳肢窝里夹着一束束金黄的麦秆。
但她们大都不是匆匆赶制草帽辫，在众目睽睽之下，她们编制的便是这草戒指，麦秆在手上跳跃，手下花样翻新：菱形花结的，字花结的，扭结而成的“雕”花……编完，套上手指，把手伸出，或互相夸奖，或互相贬低。
这伸出去的手，这夸奖，这贬低，也许只为着对不远处那些男青年的提醒。
⑥那麦秆编就的戒指，便是少女身上唯一的饰物了。
但那一双双不拾闲的粗手，却因了这草戒指，变得秀气而有灵性，释放出女性的温柔。
戴戒指，总离不开与婚姻的关联，唯有这草戒指，任凭少女们随心所欲地佩戴。
无人在乎那戴法犯了哪一条禁忌，这里是个戒指的自由王国。
少女们更大了，大到了出嫁的岁数。
只待这时，她们才丢下这麦秆、这草帽辫、这戒指，收拾起心思，想着如何同送彩礼的男方“矫情”——讨价还价。
冀中的日子并不丰裕，那看缺少风度的“矫情”就显得格外重要。
她们会为彩礼中缺少两斤毛线而在炕上打滚儿，她们会为彩礼中短了一双皮鞋而号啕，倘若此时不要下那毛线那鞋，当婚后她们自己作了母亲，还会有买毛线的闲钱吗？还会生出为自己买鞋的打算吗？⑦于是她们就在声声“矫情”中变作了新娘，于是那新娘很快就敢于赤裸着上身站在街口喊男人吃饭了。
她们露出那被太阳晒得黑红的臂膀，也露出那从未晒过太阳的雪白的胸脯。
那草戒指便在她们手上永远地消失了，她们的手中已有新的活计，比如婴儿的兜肚，比如男人的大鞋底子……日子渐渐地好起，草戒指早已变成了记忆，只有她们那突然就长成了的女儿们，仍旧不厌其烦地重复母亲从前的游戏。
夏日临，在垄沟旁，在树阴里，在麦场上，她们依然用麦秆、用狗尾巴草编戒指：菱形花结的，字花结的，还有那扭结而成的“雕”花。
⑧她们依然愿意当着男人的面伸出一只戴着草戒指的手。
原，草是可以代替真金的，真金却代替不了草。
精密天平可以称出一只真金戒指的分量，哪里又有能够称出草戒指真正分量的衡具呢？原，延续着女孩子丝丝真心的并不是黄金，而是草。
⑨在池泽夫人的茶道中，我越发觉出眼前这束狗尾巴草的可贵了。
难道它不可以替代荼道中的鲜花吗？它替代着鲜花，你只觉得眼前的一切更神圣，因为这世上实在没有一种东西替代草了。
⑩一定是全世界的女人都看重了草吧，草才不可被替代了。
8．开头和结尾为什么都提到“日本茶道”，请加以赏析。
（4分）9．“狗尾巴草”在文中有重要作用，请加以分析。
（4分）10．本文第③段转而用第二人称，请赏析其表达效果。
（3分）11．评析本文所表现的思想情感的意义。
（4分）(三) 阅读下面的诗歌，完成第12－14题。
（8分）清平乐张炎采芳人杳，顿觉游情少。
客里看春多草草，总被诗愁分了。
去年燕子天涯，今年燕子谁家？三月休听夜雨，如今不是催花。
注：张炎生于南宋末年，宋亡后曾北上大都，因各种原因，第二年即南归。
12．从字数看，这首词属于。
（1分）13．对作品赏析不恰当的一项是（）。
（2分）A.“采芳人杳，顿觉游情少。
”一写客观环境，一写主观感受。
B.“顿觉游情少”的原因就是因为已经到了众芳凋零的春末。
C.“草草”说明看春未能仔细观察与欣赏，显然带有一点悔意。
D. 整首词由景写到人，由人写到物，由物写到情，层层深入。
14．这首词的下阙是如何表达丰富的情感，试作鉴赏。
（5分）(三) 阅读下文，完成第15－20题。
（18分）①元行冲，河南人。
少孤，为外祖司农卿韦机所养。
上海市虹口区2017-2018学年高三上学期期末教学质量诊断(一模)语文试题 Word版含解析
上海市虹口区2017-2018学年高三上学期期末教学质量诊断（一模）语文试题I卷一现代文阅读（30分）（一）阅读下文，完成第1—4题。
（9分）①一颗蒲公英小小的种子，被草地上那个小女孩轻轻一吹，神奇地落在这里便不再动了。
这也许竟是夙缘。
已经变得十分遥远的那个八月末的午夜，车子在黑幽幽的校园里林丛中旋转终于停住的时候，我认定那是我一生中最神圣的夜晚：命运安排我选择了燕．园一片土。
燕园的美丽是大家都这么说的，湖光塔影和青春的憧憬联系在一起，溢发充满了诗意的情趣。
每个北大学生都会有和这个校园相联系的梦和记忆。
②燕园其实并不大，未名不过一勺水。
水边一塔，并不可登；水中一岛，绕岛仅可百步余；另有楼台百十座，仅此而已。
但这小小校园却让所有在这里住过的人终生梦萦魂牵。
其实北大人说到校园，潜．意识中并不单指眼下的西郊燕园，他们大都无意间扩展了北大特有的校园观念：从未名湖到红楼，从蔡元培先生的铜像到民主广场。
或者在北大人心目中，校园□具体□抽象，他们似乎□乐于承认象征性的校园的灵魂。
（节选自谢冕《永远的校园》）1．文中加点字注音正确的一项是（）。
（2分）（1）燕．园（2）潜．意识A．（1）yàn（2）qiǎn B．（1）yàn（2）qiánC．（1）yān（2）qián D．（1）yān（2）qiǎn2．文中画线词语含有错别字的一项是（）。
（2分）A．夙缘 B．溢发 C．梦萦 D．不单3．联系上下文，填入第②段空格处恰当的一项是（）。
（2分）A．虽却只 B．虽却更C．既又更 D．既又只4．概括“这小小校园却让所有在这里住过的人终生梦绕魂牵”的理由。
（3分）【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．①燕园的美丽。
②燕园美景与北大学生的青春憧憬联系在一起，充满诗意。
③燕园丰富了象征性的校园精神（观念或灵魂）。
【解析】1．试题分析：“燕”是多音字，在这里应读“yān”；“潜”不要误读为“qiǎn”。
2018年上海市浦东新区中考语文一模试题(word版)
浦东新区2017学年度第一学期初三质量调研语文试卷（满分：150分完成时间：100分钟，在答题纸上完成）2018·1·一、文言文（40分）（一）默写（15分）1、向来枉费推移力，。
（《观书有感（其二）》）2、，尘暗旧貂裘。
（《诉衷情》）3、了却君王天下事，。
（《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄》）4、，弛担持刀。
（《狼》）5、山水之乐，。
（《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面宋词，完成第6-7题。
（4分）江城子·密州出猎老夫聊发少年狂，左牵黄，右擎苍，锦帽貂裘，千骑卷平冈。
为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙郎。
酒酣胸胆尚开张。
鬓微霜，又何妨！持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼。
6、“霜”在词中的意思是（2分）7、以下理解有误的一项是（）（2分）A、“狂”在这里不是狂妄、疯狂，而是有“激情”“豪情壮志”的意味。
B、作者在云中以孙权、魏尚自比，希望能重新得到朝廷的信任和重用。
C、“酒酣胸胆尚开张”表明词人在尽情畅饮之后胸襟开阔，更显豪情。
D、词中描写了出猎情景，抒发了作者为国效力、抗击侵略的豪迈气概。
（三）阅读下文，完成第8-10题（9分）岳阳楼记（1）若夫淫雨霏霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，浊浪排空；日星隐曜，山岳潜形；商旅不行，樯倾楫摧；薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。
登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。
（2）至若春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷；沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳；岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。
而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧，渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣。
鹫铡贊觸漿摊袭鞏蹿轧浆鲛拧锬创亏闞驿攝皱鏘钥輻灃籴鲔離鎰恹龀毁頂嬡铮鏷騸毕韪鎳羡锾无谭緹猎嶸鬮镆潋飫错团谜鰹囀擼劳蓋岭暢鬧鑽鸞轳稅紓键绁鶻奧邮鷸喽釧褛蛴嚳攆鱘栉唢訥缧潔憊彌掸悯赝計鞯馬輥織貿凛槨鲶。
（3）嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲；居庙堂之高则忧其民；处江湖之远则忧其君。
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（25 分）Section A – Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store.D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250.D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more.D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate.D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics.D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter.D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant.D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas.D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop.D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space.D. He isn’t very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.C. He failed to get to the airport.D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine.D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi.D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. She’s holding hatred against Frank.D. She’s not comfortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and compromise.C. Fight harder with Claire.D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overcome career crisis.Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分）Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneu（r创业者）. She won the2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence,21recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally 22 their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight 23 （power） by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 24 （o ffer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 25 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side 26 （heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED lightfor 20 minutes, 27 （use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“S tart now. There 28 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ 29 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 30 you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentiallyB. filmedC. droppedD. commonlyE. treatsF. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the 31 is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was foundto be the most 32 used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites 33 a nd affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be 34 that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food 35 did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are 36 to humans’ attention and that expressions are 37 active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were 38 throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog.facial They found that when a human was not watching the animal,they39 expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were 40 . “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to communicate with us, ”she said.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension（45 分）Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 41 with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but 42 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the43 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation( 烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more44 than the whistle gave me pleasure.45 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was 46 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and 47 the actionsof men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser（守财奴）who 48 every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,___49__gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.”When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_____devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing51 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 52 who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 53 , and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” 54 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) 55 value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ”in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C.The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpful（B）How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: target audiencebrand namessloganspictures and colourspecial offers/couponsemotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green.B. Red.C. Orange.D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR）B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY）C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms）D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE）62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising companies tend to.A. impress them with colorful picturesB. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequentlyD. create eye-catching brand names（C）Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts betweenteeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teethscored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D.Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A. Reality has begun to catch up with the imagination of the film’s writer.B. Nanotechnology is one of the most exciting fields of research in the world today.C.When this becomes possible, great changes will take place in numerous fields.D. Small as they are, large quantities of them can make a difference and work wonders.E.Nanotechnology is also responsible for tremendous advances in many other fields.F. They carry medicine with them as they travel though the body, seeking our cancer cells.Nanotechnology Grows FastThanks to advances in technology, the science fiction of the past has become the“science fact”o f today, like the 1966 sci-fi Fantastic V oyag（e《神奇旅程》）. In the film, a man with very important knowledge was dying. The only way to save him was by using experimental miniaturization technology. A number of scientists were shrunk to a tiny size and injected into the man’s body to locate the source of the problem and save him.67Over the past several decades, the science of nanotechnology has been developing rapidly, and, just as in the film, it involves working with objects of a very small size.Something very similar to the medial procedure seen in Fantastic Voyage is already being used to help save lives today. Tiny crystals known as“quanturn dots（量子点）”，whose diametersare one thousandth of a human hair, are injected into the body of a cancer patient. 68 Upon finding a tumor, these quantum dots release their medicine, and then light themselves up tso that doctors can see exactly where the cancer cells are.69 We may soon find our everyday lives being affected by it. Are you tired of having to charge the batteries in your mobile devices? Soon, you don’t need to. Scientists are working on solar-cell vests that will absorb energy from the sun as you walk around and provide power for your devices.Eric Drexler, an author and scientist, believes that nanotechnology will lead to a new kind of manufacturing, one in which products are assembled atom by atom. By rearranging atoms, you can turn one kind of molecule into another. For example, a wood molecule can be transformed into a metal molecule. If this is done many times according to a design, a large object such as an ax might eventually be created, just by rearranging atoms. 70 .Although we have already seen its first practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future.Ⅳ. Surmmary Writing（10 分）Directions：R ead the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. Translation（15 分）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。
上海市浦东新区2017-2018学年高三12月教学质量检测(一模)英语试卷Word版含答案.pdf
上海市浦东区2017-2018学年度第一学期质量监控试卷高三英语(满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening Comprehension (25%)最新试卷十年寒窗苦，踏上高考路，心态放平和，信心要十足，面对考试卷，下笔如有神，短信送祝福，愿你能高中，马到功自成，金榜定题名。
Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the endof each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed.C. Excited.D. Puzzled.2. A. An accountant. B. A surgeon.C. An artist.D. A scientist.3. A. 2000 yuan. B.3200 yuan.C.1200 yuan.D.3600 yuan.4. A. On a plane. B. In a physical medical room.C. In a boat.D. In a school rest room.5. A. A job. B. An article.C. A book.D. An author.6. A. Twins. B. Classmates.C. Friends.D. Cousins.7. A. Give his ankle a good rest. B. Treat his injury immediately.C. Continue his regular exercises.D. Be careful when climbing steps.8. A. Go on a diving tour in Europe. B. Add 300 dollars to his budget.C. Travel overseas on his own.D. Join a package tour to Mexico.9. A. In case some problems should occur. B. In case they should be late.C. To avoid more work later on.D. To make better preparations.10. A. The rock band needs more hours of practice.B. The rock band is going to play here for a month.C. Their hard work has resulted in a big success.D. He appreciates the woman’s help with the band.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questionson each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Its strong education system. B. Its population.C. Its growing tourism industry.D. Its bilingual signs.12. A. All citizens receive quality English teaching.B. More money should be spent on teacher training.C. An English-speaking environment should be built.D. Tourism industry should be promoted.13. A. The foreign investment will increase.B. It will bring the economic and social benefits.C. The education system will be strengthened.ranking in English level.D. It will improve Singapore’ｓQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.13. A. He shopped for groceries.B. He took care of his sick parent.C. He cared for his younger brother.D. He made important family decisions.15. A. It may help children grow up quickly.B. It may force children to sacrifice their childhoods.s responsibility into a delight.C. It will turn children’D. It will make children more isolated and confused.16. A. Children getting satisfaction from helping others.B. Children taking on adult responsibility.C. Frustration and stress caused to children by parents.D. The environment for children’s better growth.Section CDirections: In Section C，you will hear a conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Tour guide. B. Editor.C. Journalist.D. Typist.18. A. Some newly discovered scenic spot.B. Big changes in the Amazon valley.C. A new railway under construction.D. The beautiful Amazon rain forests.19. A. In news weeklies.B. In newspapers’ Sunday editions.C. In a local evening paper.D. In overseas edition of U.S. magazines.20. A. To become a professional writer.B. To get her life story published soon.C. To be employed by a newspaper.D. To sell her articles to a news service.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday.It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle.The mountain was hard (21) ________(climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end,(22) ________ (exhaust) and hot, I couldn’t go any further. So we went back down the mountainin the end.On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question, (23) _____ left me speechless for ayoung lady?‖second: ―What’s your dream,r a while. Then he smiled and told me ―I have no idea,‖ I answered (24) _____thinking it foabout his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student.Although nobody thoughthe could succeed, he knew clearly (25) ______his dream was-----to be a businessman. ―I knew Iwasn’t gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them afterclass,‖ he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one wasmost attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but (26) ______tough life was, he never gave up.―There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal willhave good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,‖ he said gently.That night I (27) ______ hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself,―What’s my motivation?‖ I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant (28) _____ (put)everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do?Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by (29) _____. It made methink: If we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and (30) ______ (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use onlyonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. quicklyB. analyzeC. programmedD. adoptionE. boredomF. unaccompaniedG. dramaticH. transformI. distractedJ. peacefullyK. prospectImagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be liketo be a pedestrian?Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the run of the place.In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Balllooks at the __31__of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are ―autonomous‖ or self-driving.It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think.-Ball says. He ―Autonomous vehicles have the potential to __32__ travel behavior,‖ Millarduses game theory to __33__ the interactions between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with afocus on yielding at crosswalks.Because autonomous vehicles are by design risk-averse, Millard-Ball's model suggests that pedestrians will be able to act with impunity, and he thinks autonomous vehicles may facilitate ashift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the__34__ of autonomous vehicles may be hampered by their strategic disadvantage that slows themdown in urban traffic.Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, ―Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken,‖ even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are theodds of survival?The benefit of crossing the street __35__, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded offagainst the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested inrunning them down -- usually. But there is the chance a driver may be __36__, or drunk.Self-driving cars are __37__ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestriansto cross. They could provide the most __38__ transformation in urban transportation systems.Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars -- avoiding __39__ of traffic and traffic accidents -- may be outweighed by the drawbacks of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody.―From the point of view of a passe nger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a-Ball writes.street filled with __40__ five-year-old children,‖ MillardAlternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian-oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species—defined as those that were introduced by humans to new places, and then __41__ — runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.Some things that are uncontroversial(无争议的) are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to __42__ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful norinvasive very__43__. Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. __44__, Britain’s plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) __45__ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always __46__ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise __47__ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrialnists.wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportu The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also __48__. Elimination campaigns tend to be __49__ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature —to return woods and lakes to the state before human __50__. That is misguided. Nature is an。
北京市第八中学2017-2018学年高一上学期期中考试语文试题 含解析
学必求其心得，业必贵于专精2017—2018学年度第一学期期中练习题年级：高一 科目:语文A 卷一、基础知识。
1. 下列加粗字的注音,全都正确的一项是A 。
侦缉．（jī） 慰藉．(jí） 内讧．（hòng） 同仞敌忔．（kài) 朝谇．夕替（suì)B 。
巨孹（bò） 揣度．（duó） 侪．辈（chái） 循规蹈矩．（jù）郁邑侘傺．（chì)C. 联袂．（mèi） 消弭．（mí） 责难．（nàn) 垂涎．三尺（xián）可白公姥．(mǔ）D 。
泥淖．（nào) 木讷．（nè) 忸怩．（ní） 方凿圆枘．（ruì）葳蕤．生光（ruí）【答案】D【解析】试题分析：本题主要考查字音辨析.A 项，慰藉（jí)—-(jiè）;B 项,循规蹈矩(jù)-——jǔ；C 项消弭(mí）-—mǐ。
2。
下列加粗字的注音，全都正确的一项是A. 揽茞．（chǎi） 横亘．（gèn） 秕．糠（bì) 插科打诨．(hún） 博闻强识．（zhì）B 。
伶俜．(pīng） 匀称．（chèng） 羞赧．（nǎn ) 封妻荫．学必求其心得，业必贵于专精 子(yìn） 刍荛．之见(ráo）C 。
遗．施（wèi） 船舷．（xián) 横．祸（hèng）高屋建瓴．（líng）酩酊．大醉（dǐng）D. 否．泰(pǐ） 县掾．（yuàn） 剔．除（tì) 身陷囹圄．（yǔ） 度德量．力（liàng）【答案】C【解析】试题分析：本题主要考查字音辨析。
A 项,插科打诨（hún)—-hùn；B 项，匀称（chèng）—-chèn；D 项剔除（tì）-—tī.3。
2020-2021学年上海市光明中学高三语文上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年上海市光明中学高三语文上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
我的第一个上级(节选)马烽①去年夏天，我在省水利学校毕业以后，被暂时安排到防汛指挥部去协助工作，农建局田局长是我们的领导。
这个人面色苍白，走路总是低着头，背着手，慢吞吞地迈着八字步，讲话也是少气无力，好像什么事都不能使他激动。
②一天夜里，山洪暴发了。
我接到电话，一口气跑到农建局，撞开田副局长的房门：“老田，永安河发洪水！安乐庄决口了！”他一只手支起半个身子问道：“安乐庄什么地方决口了？”我说：“汽车路东。
”他听完，竟又躺下了，不紧不慢地说：“没甚要紧。
”我又急又气：“你知道有多么大流量？一百多个！”“那更没办法！反正堵也堵不住，任由它流吧。
”③正在这时，办公室小秦慌慌急急跑进门，大声说道：“三岔河也发洪了！”他的话音刚落，老田就像中了电似地“呼”一下坐了起来回道：“多大流量？”小秦说：“水漫到龙王庙背后了。
”老田说：“那至少有九十个。
”他一面急忙穿衣服，一面说：“赶快通知海口村、田家庄，全体上堤。
快！”④我刚跑回办公室，老田就大踏步跑进来，一手拿着件雨衣，精神抖擞，满面红光。
他把雨衣一扔，抓起耳机就开始给各村打电话。
“马上接杜村，上舍……听着，把三支渠的闸拔开一孔……什么？已经全拔开了？我就怕你们来这么一手，马上闸住两孔……”他放下这个耳机，马上又抓起另一个，详细地指示：要防守哪段河堤，开哪个支渠闸，闭哪个支渠闸……我忙把河流渠道图铺在他面前的桌子上，他根本没看一眼，继续讲他的。
⑤老田打完电话，回头对我说：“咱俩到海门去，恐怕那里南堤要出问题。
”在车上，我问他，为什么安乐庄决了口，他一点都不着急；而三岔河只有九十多个流量，他就急成那个样子？他说：“永安河坡度大，洪水来源少。
别看来势猛，顶多四个钟头水就退了；再说，汽车路东种的都是高秆作物，过一下水也淹不死。
2017-2018学年度第二学期期中考试七年级语文试题(部教版)
2018年初一年级第二学期期中考试试卷语文注意事项：1．本试卷共21题，满分150分，考试用时150分钟；2．答题前，考生务必将由己的姓名、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡的相应位置上，井认真核对智学网考号，用2B铅笔在答卷上认真填涂；3．答选择题须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡上指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；4.考生答题,必须答在答题卡上，答在试卷和草稿纸上无效。
第一部分（24分）一、阅读下面一段话，完成1——2题走进语文大观园，我见到了jū gōng jìn cuì（）的邓稼先，qièér bùshě（）的闻一多 A 体味到杨绛对老王的kuì zuò（），韩麦尔对往昔的ào huǐ（）……这一切让我多么沉迷，多么难忘啊！1.结合语境，根据拼音在括号内写出相应汉字。
（4分）2.文中A处应用的标点符号是（2分）3.根据课文内容填空（10分）(1)故园东望路漫漫，。
(2)此夜曲中闻折柳，。
(3) ，惟解漫天作雪飞。
(4) ，；双兔傍地走，？(5)《木兰诗》中概述战争旷日持久，战斗激烈悲壮的语句是，。
(6).王维的《竹里馆》中表现诗人因明月相伴而不感孤独的诗句是，。
阅读下面两段文字，回答4—6题。
（8分）【甲】《骆驼祥子》是 A （人名）用同情的笔触描绘的一幕悲剧：二十年代的北京，一个勤劳、壮实的底层社会小人物怀着发家、奋斗的美好，却最终为黑暗的暴风雨所吞噬。
它揭示了当时“小人物”的奴隶心理和希望的最终破灭。
随着祥子心爱的女人B（人名）的自杀，祥子熄灭了个人奋斗的最后一朵火花。
这是旧中国老北京贫苦市民的命运之一。
【乙】《海底两万里》是法国作家___C ____（人名）的代表作之一，叙述了法国生物学者阿龙纳斯教授在海洋深处旅行的故事。
2017-2018学年度第二学期七年级期中考试语文科试题(含答案)3
2016-2017学年度第二学期期中考试七年级语文模拟试题(一）姓名：班别：学号：成绩：一、基础（22分）1．根据课文默写古诗文。
（10分）（1）深林人不知，口口口口口。
（王维《竹里馆》）（1分)（2）口口口口口口口，散入春风满洛城。
（李白《春夜洛城闻笛》）（1分）（3)阿爷无大儿，木兰无长兄，□□□□□，□□□□□.（《木兰诗》）（2分）□□□（4)刘禹锡的“陋室”环境之雅，雅在“□□□□□，□□。
”(2分)（5）默写岑参《逢入京使》。
（4分)□□□□□□□，□□□□□□□. □□□□□□□，□□□□□□□。
2．根据拼音写出相应的词语。
(4分）（1）bān lán（)的山雕，奔驰的鹿群，带着松香气味的煤块，带着赤色的足金. （2）开门看见老王直僵僵地xiāng qiàn（）在门框里。
（3）我认识奥本海默时他已四十多岁了,已经是fù rú jiē zhī（）的人物了。
(4）鲁迅先生是shēn wùtòng jué( )之的.3．下列句中加点词语使用不正确．．．的一项是（）（3分）A. 学习讲究循序渐进和从实际出发，切忌制定那种高不可攀．．．．的目标。
B. 萧红把何静的鼻子打出血了,刚进初中就发生这种事情，真是骇人听闻．．．．啊！C。
我很不喜欢有的老师上课把窗帘拉得严严实实．．．．的，教室内光线很暗，感觉很压抑.D. 爱慕虚荣．．．．是个很不好的习惯，它会造成我们宝贵时间、精力和财物的浪费。
4．下列对病句的修改不正确的一项是( )A。
随地吐痰，是衡量一个市民素质高低的重要标准。
(在“随地吐痰”之前加上“不”) B。
通过开展“每月少开一天车”的活动，可以使城市的空气更加清新。
（删去“通过") C.网购之所以让那么多网友着迷的重要原因，是因为他们在下单后输入账号密码时根本没有感觉到是在花钱。
（删去“的重要原因"）D。
2023-2024学年上海市浦东新区高一下学期期中考试语文试卷含详解
⑥来到北京，恍然大悟。晏殊笔下，初秋与紫薇同残的，应该是江北随处可见的木槿花啊。在绿地里，木槿常与紫薇相对而栽，二者花期都横贯夏秋。木槿多见淡紫的花，有单瓣也有重瓣，清晨初开时偏粉紫，傍晚凋谢时，会变成一种更忧郁的蓝紫色。此时花瓣上的筋脉也会变得更明显，像迟暮之人手背青筋浮凸。
⑮真美啊，之前怎么就没留意呢？
（选自《文汇报》2023年10月，有删改）
7.分析文章第⑤段引用晏殊《清平乐》一词 作用。
8.请赏析第⑥段划线句
9.简析第⑪段中作者写到“迁怒”的用意。
10.请结合全文，赏析本文标题“初秋的歉意”。
（三）（6分）
阅读下面诗歌，完成下面小题。
桂枝香·金陵怀古
宋/王安石
登临送目。正故国晚秋，天气初肃。千里澄江似练，翠峰如簇。归帆去棹残阳里，背西风、酒旗斜矗。彩舟云淡，星河鹭起，画图难足。
②树是一丛紫薇——说“一丛”是因为它没有明显的主干。三五根粗细差不多的杆子，彼此簇拥，在离地一尺多高处就开始分枝、生叶，每根枝条最顶端，都开着一团紫红色的花。树丛与成人身高相仿，并不高大，但对幼小的我来说，枝头那些花朵，已经需要仰望了。草地上触手可及的蛇莓、婆婆纳和蒲公英，才是我熟悉的玩伴，紫薇花远远探向天空，看起来完全没有陪我玩的意思。
④无论什么大模型，贴近产业才有未来。人工智能的发展历史可以追溯到20世纪50年代，但早期出现的技术大多着眼于解决虚拟世界的问题，因而没掀起太多波澜。此前，ChatGPT写诗作画的表现虽令人震撼，但业界很快明确，聚焦特定领域、针对特定场景、解决特定问题的行业大模型才有更多市场机会。此次，Sora距离产业就更近了些。正如不少人发问，人工智能可以生成视频，电影还需要人拍吗？市场机构预测，Sora将率先在短视频、广告、互动娱乐、影视制作和媒体等行业中应用，助力企业降低成本、提升效率、优化用户体验。人工智能只有赋能千行百业，才能发挥出更大价值。
2017-2018学年徐汇中学初三第一学期期中语文试卷
徐汇中学2017学年初三年级第一学期期中考试语文试卷一、文言文（40分）（一）默写（15分）1.晨兴理荒秽，。
（《归园田居》）2.，五十弦翻塞外声。
（《破阵子》）3.东边日出西边雨，。
（《竹枝词》）4.，山岳潜形。
（《岳阳楼记》）5.人知从太守游而乐，。
（《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面的曲，完成第6—7题（4分）水仙子·咏江南张养浩一江烟水照晴岚，两岸人家接画檐，芰荷丛一段秋光淡。
看沙鸥舞再三，卷香风十里珠帘。
画船儿天边至，酒旗儿风外飐。
爱杀江南！6. 全曲的情感线索是“□”。
（2分）7. 以下对本曲理解不准确的一项是（）（2分）A. “两岸人家接画檐”写出了两岸人家房舍紧密相接。
B. 曲中“淡”字，增添了几许诗意盎然的摇曳之姿。
C. “卷香风十里珠帘”暗示江南水乡的奢侈豪华。
D. 这首小令着重描写了江南水乡特有的景象。
（三）阅读下文，完成第8-10题（9分）①予观夫巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖。
衔远山，吞长江，浩浩汤汤，横无际涯；朝晖夕阴，气象万千。
此则岳阳楼之大观也，前人之述备矣。
然则北通巫峡，南极潇湘，迁客骚人，多会于此，览物之情，得无异乎？......②嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲；居庙堂之高则忧其民；处江湖之远则忧其君。
是进亦忧，退亦忧。
然则何时而乐耶？其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”乎。
噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？8.上面文字选自课文《_____________》,作者是北宋文学家_________________。
（2分）9.选文第①段在描述岳阳楼的“大观”时，用得最有气势的两个词是“□”和“□”；文中与“大观”相呼应的一个词语是“□□”。
（4分）10.用简洁的语言概括选文第②段的内容。
（3分）_______________________________________________________________________________（四）阅读下文，完成11-14题（12分）客有过主人者，见．灶直突①，傍有积薪②。