现在完成时(讲义及答案)
现在完成时与现在完成进行时态讲解及练习(含答案)
时态现在完成时一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 。
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。
二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法1.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。
1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。
常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。
（说明现在灯关上了）I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。
（说明可以交作业或做别的了）2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。
一般不用时间状语。
I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。
（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。
（说明她现在仍是老师）2.“未完成”用法。
表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+段时间）、since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
①for+时段（for a long time，for a month）②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来，如since 1991 、since yesterday）③since+时段+ago （since 2 days ago）④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）⑥其它常见：today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，，so far，up to now，till（until）now等。
现在完成时精讲及练习(附答案)
现在完成时精讲和练习〔附答案〕一、现在完成时的六种常用情景：〔一〕表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，1、The car has arrived。
车子来了。
〔对现在结果的影响是：车子已在门口〕2、Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
〔对现在结果的影响是：窗户仍破着〕3、It’s so dark。
Someone has turned off the light.这里很黑，有人刚把灯关了。
〔对现在结果的影响是：现在很黑〕4、Are you free? I have finished my homework. I am free.你有空吗？我已经做完了家庭作业。
我有空。
〔我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在影响是：很有空〕。
〔二〕表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
一般会和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在〔包括“现在〞在内〕的一段时间的状语连用。
如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
这时表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。
1、My uncle has worked at this factory for five years。
我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
2、Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002。
自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
3、How long have you been here?你来这里多久了？4、I have learnt English for more than ten years。
我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在)5、She has swum since half an hour ago。
我已经游泳了半个小时。
(半个小时前开始，到现在还在游) 〔三〕经验性用法：表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或屡次出现的状态。
现在完成时(答案版)
现在完成时一、语法内容现在完成时主要表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或从过去一直持续到现在的动作。
包含“已完成”与“未完成”两种意义。
1.现在完成时的构成2.现在完成时的用法(1)表示过去已经发生或现在已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响。
—Have you had your lunch yet?——你吃过午饭了吗?一Yes,I have.I've just had it.——是的，我刚吃过。
(说明现在饱了)I have lost my pen.我把钢笔弄丢了。
(过去某时丢的，现在还没有找到)I have already watched the film.我已经看过这部电影了。
——Have you found your lost pen yet?——你找到丢失的钢笔了吗?—No.I haven't found it yet.——没。
我还没有找到它。
温馨提示第1页(共10页)already,yet常和现在完成时连用，already用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末；yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末。
(2)表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for,since连用，其肯定句的动词必须为延续性动词。
We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里。
(说明一直住在这里，也许还会住下去)3.几个现在完成时中常用词的用法(1)just意为“刚刚”,表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。
He has just e back from Beijing.他刚从北京回来。
(2)ever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。
Have you ever been to Shanghai?你曾经去过上海吗?(3)never意为“从来没有”,常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。
英语中现在完成时用法讲义
英语中现在完成时用法讲义现在完成时的构成现在完成时由“have(has)+过去分词”构成。
has 用于主语是第三人称单数时。
（过去分词的构成P122—123中“动词的基本形式”）①I have just finished my homework. 我刚做完功课②I have lived in Guangzhou for more than three years. 我已经在广州住了三年多了。
③My sister has seen the movie many times. 那部电影我姐姐看过好多次了。
现在完成时的否定句和疑问句的构成。
否定句：主语+have /has +not+过去分词+其他.说明：have和has常与not 缩写成haven't 和hasn't .①I haven't seen much of him recently 最近我没怎么见到他。
②He hasn't been to Japan.他没有去过日本。
一般疑问句：Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它？肯定回答：Yes.主语+have /has.否定回答：No,主语+have /has not。
③—Have you finished your homework ? 你已经做完家庭作业了吗？–Yes, I have (No, I haven't ) 是的。
（不，还没有）④–-Has he passed the test yet ? 他考试及格了吗—-Yes, he has . (No , he hasn't ) 是的。
（不，没及格）巩固练习：The bus hasn't arrived yet. (改成肯定句)The bus ________ _______ __________.I have watched the interesting film recently. (改成一般疑问句)______ you ________ the interesting films recently?I have already had my breakfast. (改为否定句)I ________ had my breakfast ______.I have already finished doing my homework. (改为一般疑问句)_____ ________ finished doing your homework ________?She has already worked out that difficult math problem. (改为否定句)She _________ worked out that difficult problem __________.现在完成时的基本用法现在完成时有两个主要用法，“已完成”用法和“未完成”用法。
现在完成时讲解及练习（答案）
现在完成时讲解及练习（答案）初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说，动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。
与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来，他⼀直住在这⼉。
(动作起始于1978年，⼀直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
)此种⽤法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句⼦）连⽤。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。
在考试中，会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。
英语现在完成时形式讲解含答案
英语现在完成时形式讲解含答案一、初中英语现在完成时1．He ___________ for ten years.A. has been marriedB. marriedC. got marriedD. has married【答案】A【解析】【分析】在现在完成时态里，当出现for+段时间时，短暂性动词必须换成延续性动词。
get married需换成be married。
故选A。
【点评】该题考查的是对现完时态中的短暂性动词与延续性动词动词的掌握，这一块内容是中考的重难点，考试频率占时态考查题的一半以上。
学生必须牢记这两种词的转换及转换条件。
2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go.A. receiveB. will receiveC. was receivingD. have received【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。
由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。
【点评】考查动词时态。
根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。
3．Mr．Fan in 2005．In other words，he for 9 years till now．A. got married；has been marriedB. married；had been marriedC. got married；had been marriedD. married；got married【答案】 A【解析】【分析】首先第一空表述的是一个发生在2005年（即过去）的一个动作，所以为一般过去时，其次 married 后面要接宾语，get married 表示的是短暂性动作，所以应填get married. 第二空由“till now”可知表示的是从过去直到现在的一种状态即为现在完成时，此处married做形容词“已婚的”故填“has been married”,故选A.【点评】此题考查了动词时态问题，同时也考查了“get married”和“married ”的区别。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解及练习题及答案
时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式I have not (haven’t) studied…．Have I studied…？You have not (haven’t) studied…．Have you studied…？He has not (hasn’t) studied…．Has he studied…？否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定）Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…？Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…？Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…？Yes, he has. No, he has n’t.（2）用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
我肯定我们以前见过面。
I’m sure we’ve met before.She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…，yet等。
如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
现在完成时讲义 译林版英语八年级上册
现在完成时一、定义：1、表示动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响；2、表示动作或状态从过去开始发生一直延续到现在，还有可能继续下去；3、表示过去发生的动作到现在为止这一时间段内，多次动作的总和或所作工作量的积累。
二、结构：1、肯定句：主语+have/has+P.P.（过去分词）例：I have studied English.2、否定句：主语+have/has+not+P.P.（过去分词）例：I haven't studied English.3、一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+P.P.（过去分词）?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/has否定回答：No, 主语+have/has+not例：—Have you studied English ?—Yes, I have.—No, I haven't.4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+P.P.（过去分词）?例：What have you studied ?三、过去分词变化规则：（一）规则变化：1、在词尾加ed：walk-walked-walked2、以字母e结尾的词直接加d：live-lived-lived3、“辅元辅”结尾的词先双写尾字母，然后加ed：stop-stopped-stopped4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词先改y为i，再加ed：study-studied-studied（二）特殊变化(详见不规则变化表)四、标志词：1、位于助动词和过去分词之间的有：ever、never、just、already；2、位于句尾的有：yet(否定和疑问句)；lately（最近）、so far（到目前为止）、up to now（直到现在）、by now；3、for +一段时间；since+时间点；4、in the last/past five years 在过去的五年5、其他不确定的过去时间状语：before、many times；注意：现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间连用，如：in 1949、yesterday等；并且用when或where对时间或者地点提问时，只能用过去时。
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现在完成时【知识点睛】♥♥现在完成时❤用法：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。
表示持续动作或状态的词多为延续性动词。
—Jim, why are you watching TV again?—I have finished my homework.The old man has lived here since 10 years ago.❤标志词already, yet, never, ever, just, before, since+时间点, for+时间段, by now, till now, so far, in the past + 时间段, once, twice, three times…❤瞬间变延续瞬间动词也是可以有的。
但当与表示的时间状语连用时，变成相应的。
She has bought a new dictionary.She has had a new dictionary for a week.She has had a new dictionary since last Sunday.初中常见的瞬间动词变为延续性动词的有：【精讲精练】❤用法( )1. —Do you know the moving story of Jack and Rose?—Of course. I the film Titanic several times.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. had seen ( )2. —Do you know the Englishman?—Yes. I him for two years.A. get to knowB. have knownC. knewD. got to know❤标志词( )3. I Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai.A. didn’t hear fromB. don’t hear fromC. won’t hear fromD. haven’t heard from ( )4. Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he in Zhengzhou for five years.A. was teachingB. has taughtC. will teachD. taught( )5. Have you seen such a good film?A. neverB. everC. alwaysD. often ( )6. The meeting w ill be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready .A. everB. alreadyC. yetD. still ( )7. —How long have you learnt English?—four years ago.A. ForB. SinceC. FromD. When❤have been to & have gone to( )8. —Where is your father?—He Australia and he Sydney for two weeks.A. has been to; has been inB. has gone to; has been inC. has been in; has been toD. has gone to; has been to ( )9. —Have you ever Wuzhen and Taohua Island?—No, never. But I’m going to Wuzhen and Taohua Islandthis summer.A. been inB. gone inC. been toD. gone to( )10. —Where is your father, little Tom?—He Nanjing, and he there twice.A. has gone to; has beenB. has gone to; has been toC. has been to; has gone toD. has been to; has been ( )11. —The Palace Museum is wonderful. Have you ever visited any other interesting place?—Yes. Also, we to the Summer Palace.A. have goneB. have beenC. had goneD. had been( )12. —Hello! May I speak to Kate?—Sorry, she isn’t here now. She to Shanghai.A. wentB. has beenC. has goneD. had gone❤瞬间动词变为延续性动词13.—She looks sad. What’s the matter?—Her pet dog just (die).14.—Mom, I left my book home. Can you bring it to me?—Oh, sorry, dear. I (leave) home. Please callyour father. He is at home.( )15. —When did you buy the computer?—I have this computer for 5 years, but it still workswell.A.boughtB. haveC. hadD. been bought ( )16. She her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.A. has been away fromB. has leftC. had left ( )17. —How long have you here?—About two months.A. beenB. goneC. comeD. arrived ( )18. —Do you know Tom?—Sure, we have in the same village for many years.A. leftB. livedC. comeD. gone ( )19. —Are you a soccer player in your school?—Yes, I the team two years ago. I _ in the teamfor two years.A. have joined; have beenB. was joined; amC. joined; wasD. joined; have been( )20. The lamb for quite some time.A. has diedB. has been deadC. has deadD. die ( )21. Our English teacher is very nice. We friends since three years ago.A. wereB. becameC. have beenD. have made ( )22. Alice in Wonderland for 15 days and many of us like the film very much.A. beginsB. has begunC. beganD. has been on ( )23. How long has she the newspaper?A. borrowB. lendC. keptD. buy完成句子24.—Your schoolbag is very nice. Is it new?—No. I .(自从我两年前入校时就买了) (since)25.A: The Frenchman left five days ago because of his business. (改写为同义句)B: The Frenchman has for five days because of hisbusiness.26.安一周前就离开了巴黎。
Ann Paris since a week ago.27.我们已经加入英语俱乐部 2 年了。
(翻译)28.从他 2 岁时，他的奶奶就去世了。
(翻译)29.那个大超市已经开业 5 年了。
(翻译)【参考答案】1-5 CBDBB6-10 CBBCA11-12 BC13has, died14have left15 C16-20 AABDB21-23 CDC24.have had it since I entered school two years ago25.been away26.has been away from27.I have been in the English club for two years.28.His grandma has been dead since he was two.29.That big supermarket has been open for 5 years.。