考研英语401
考研英语一真题手译阅读2001-Text4
2- There’s no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly.
3- I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customer’s demands.
On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast.
分享考研资料，助力考研成功！官方认证店铺：考研资料In cars, too, concentration is increasing - witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan - but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.
401分的考研经验总结
2、不要恐慌，可能许多同学都会遇到像我这种情况，我在刚开始复习政治的时候，就听说有同学背过两遍书了。其实自己完全没必要着急，政治背早了没有用处。
3、在12月份冲刺的时候，多上一些论坛，像考研论坛、沪江论坛上都有挺不错的冲刺资料，不要都背，找几份资料，对比一下，看看有没有大家都在重复的东西，这些东西背一下，其他的就看个眼熟就行。
2、真题要弄透，这里说的真题不是说你考数二就看数二的题，我当时把数学1、2、3、4全部做了，务必要做到每题都会，全部弄懂，这个非常重要。
3、及时总结。把做过的题目，尤其是经常做错或不会的题目专门总结起来，这东西特别是到最后非常有用。
数学就说这么多，如果有什么问题可以和我联系，联系方式下面会讲到。
接下来说说新题型和翻译，翻译方面，把1994-2008年的真题的所有划线的句子全部翻译一遍，把这些句子的单词、词组全部弄懂，对着英文句子能够直接说汉语意思，建议听听新东方的唐静的翻译flash，说的非常好。
新题型，其实要善于掌握方法。新题型我是参照着新东方张销民的那本书复习的，效果很好，今年的考试中我的新题型全对了，拿了满分（我申明一下，我不是给新东方做广告啊，不过他们中的有些老师确实不错，我听的新东方一分钱没花，都是在网上免费下的，不过是往年，其实也够用的，英语每年都差不多的）
然后是完型，有基础的同学可以练习一下，反正我是没有练过，在考场上临时猜的，至于怎么猜，我相信你们的辅导班老师都教过，呵呵
最后，我讲讲单词，其实单词我原来背过俞敏洪的那本红书，但是觉得太厚，到后来就全部忘记了。最后我采取的方式是把真题中出现的生词全部给选出来，记到一本本子上，没事的时候就翻翻看，特别是晚上看一遍，不要太长，几分钟的时间看一页，第二天早上回头复习一下，记住要坚持下来，单词就没什么问题。
401的过程终结详细版
401的过程终结详细版我今年的成绩是：英语72，政治84，数学一122，信号与系统123,总分401。
我是华南农业大学2004年毕业生。
我应届时糊里糊涂地考了一次西安交大，306分，所以我自认为不是个聪明的人（否则那次就上了），但我是个比较能坚持的人，可能就是靠这个考上的。
作为一名正品的考研人,我很希望我的弯路弟兄妹姐们就不要再走了，这也是我考研时希望从别人那里得到的.一、数学:我第一次数学考了88分，我那时数学并不差，但就是做套题太少了。
我认为,课本最重要,不管你时间多么紧,课本不能少。
以前有一位考研人说了一句话:如果你课本知识不理解,那你不太可能过100分,如果你对课本的知识不但理解而且会用,那你不太可能不过120.说得好!我一直以这句话为路线方针政策。
我八月底辞职回来后就花了一个半月把课本详细地看了一次.我的做法是,自己已经熟悉的章节就只要看明白就可以了,难一点的章节就先把内容看一次后再以自己的语言写在一本笔记上,这样做一来可以加深理解,二来可以在下次看时能快速地理解,这一招很有效,比如说,对于曲面积分,这个知识点几乎每次都考,不理解的以为很难,但真正理解后是比较简单的.在看课本的过程中,可以以陈文灯和李永乐的书的为辅.换句话说,就是理解课本的内容后,把它应用到做题中,但我认为没必要每一个知识点都花大量的时间,比如说极限等,因为这些在后面的整份题中会经常做的,这样做的另一个原因是加快复习速度,这样就可以很快地把知识点过一次,过一次后就可以开始做整题了.做整份题时更能突出重点.到十月份时就要大批量地做套题了,我做了差不多40份题（每一套都两次以上）:李永乐400题,陈哥的最后8套，西安交大的龚冬宝的八份，还有几个最后五份。
我是不喜欢做往年真题的，那东西基本上没用（英语真是例外）。
刚开始时每周做一份，到十月中下旬开始就是每三天做一份。
我做什么题都不会把答案写上去的，我每份题都做了三遍。
做题最大的好处是增强自信心，我考数学前心态很稳，我那时想，我做了那么多的题，什么都见过了，我就不信真题能变到哪里去。
2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through3 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, _ 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; 14 ，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 was common in the traditional family 16 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __17_ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __ 18 _ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1. [A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting2. [A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because3. [A] interaction [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation4. [A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response5. [A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else6. [A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding7. [A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with8. [A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject9. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect10. [A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount11. [A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length12. [A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence13. [A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously15. [A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as16. [A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage17. [A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible18. [A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability19. [A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity20. [A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,”says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,”says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do —then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,”says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.”Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,”says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,”says Seth Peets, vice president of marketingfor CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,”he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21. How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches.23. The expression “tip service”(Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means .[A] advisory. [B] compensation.[C] interaction. [D] reminder.24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.25. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in thefirst half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.27. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoë Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28. The 4th paragraph suggests that .[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight29. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ”(Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.30. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,”she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.”So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,”she says.Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,”says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three," says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.31. By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet”(Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means_____.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business.[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work.[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit.[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation.32. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked.33. When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range”(Lines 3, Paragraph 3), the author is talking about _______[A] gold market.[B] real estate.[C] stock exchange.[D] venture investment.34. Why can many people see “silver linings”to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.”Ravitch's latest book. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,”writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools andcollege recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A] undervaluing intellect.[B] favoring intellectualism.[C] supporting school reform.[D] suppressing native intelligence.38. The views of Raviteh and Emerson on schooling are ______.[A] identical. [B] similar. [C] complementary. [D] opposite.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably _________.[A] a pioneer of education reform.[B] an opponent of intellectualism.[C] a scholar in favor of intellect.[D] an advocate of regular schooling.40. What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies powerPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. (41) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought,which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (42) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic”language, were not always so grateful. (43) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. (44) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (45) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.Section III Writing46. Directions：Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the drawing，2. interpret its meaning, and3. support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (20 points)图片第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要探讨青少年犯罪的原因。
1980-2010年英语考研真题
2011考研英语使用说明（必读） 12010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 3 Section I Use of English 3Section II R eading Comprehension 4Part A 5Part B 11Part C 13Section ⅢWriting 14Part A 14Part B 142009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题15 Section I Use of English 15Section II R eading Comprehension 17Part A 17Part B 23Part C 25Section ⅢWriting 25Part A 25Part B 262009年考研英语真题答案272008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题29 Section I Use of English 29Section II R eading Comprehension 31Part A 31Part B 37Part C 39Section III Writing 40Part A 40Part B 402008年考研英语真题答案422007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题44 Section I Use of English 44Section II R eading Comprehension 47Part A 47Part B 54Part C 56Section III Writing 57Part A 57Part B 572007年考研英语真题答案582006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题60 Section I Use of English 60Section II R eading Comprehension 63Part A 63Part B 70Part C 72Section III Writing 73Part A 73Part B 732006年考研英语真题答案752005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题77 Section I Use of English 77Section II R eading Comprehension 80Part A 80Part B 87Part C 89Section III Writing 90Part A 90Part B 902005年考研英语真题答案922004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题94 Section I Listening Comprehension 94Part A 94Part B 94Part C 95Section II U se of English 97Section III Reading Comprehension 101Part A 101Part B 107Section IV Writing 1092004年考研英语真题答案1102003年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题112 Section I Listening Comprehension 112Part A 112Part B 112Part C 113Section II U se of English 115Section III Reading Comprehension 119Part A 119Part B 126Section IV Writing 1262003年考研英语真题答案1282002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题130 Section I Listening Comprehension 130Part A 130Part B 131Part C 131Section II U se of English 134Section III Reading Comprehension 138Part A 138Part B 145Section IV Writing 1452002年考研英语真题答案1472001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题149 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 149Part A 149Part B 151Section II C loze Test 155Section III Reading Comprehension 159Section IV English-Chinese Translation 166 Section V W riting 1672001年考研英语真题答案1692000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题171 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 171Part A 171Part B 173Part C 174Section II C loze Test 179Section III Reading Comprehension 180Section IV English-Chinese Translation 188 Section V W riting 1892000年考研英语真题答案1901999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题192 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 192Part A 192Part B 194Part C 195Section II C loze Test 199Section III Reading Comprehension 201Section IV English-Chinese Translation 209 Section V W riting 2091999年考研英语真题答案2111998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题213 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 213Part A 213Part B 215Part C 216Section II C loze Test 220Section III Reading Comprehension 222Section IV English-Chinese Translation 230Section V W riting 2311998年考研英语真题答案2331997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题235 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 235Part A 235Part B 237Part C 238Section II C loze Test 242Section III Reading Comprehension 244Section IV English-Chinese Translation 251 Section V W riting 2521997年考研英语真题答案2541996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题256 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 256Part A 256Part B 258Part C 259Section II C loze Test 263Section III Reading Comprehension 265Section IV English-Chinese Translation 272 Section V W riting 2731996年考研英语真题答案2741995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题276 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 276Part A 276Part B 278Part C 279Section II C loze Test 283Section III Reading Comprehension 285Section IV English-Chinese Translation 292 Section V W riting 2931995年考研英语真题答案2941994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题296 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 296Part A 296Part B 298Part C 299Section II C loze Test 303Section III Reading Comprehension 305Section IV English-Chinese Translation 311 Section V W riting 3121994年考研英语真题答案3141993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题316 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 316Section II R eading Comprehension 321Section III Cloze Test 326Section IV Error-detection and Correction 329 Section V E nglish-Chinese Translation 331Section VI Writing 3311993年考研英语真题答案3331992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题335 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 335Section II R eading Comprehension 340Section III Cloze Test 345Section IV Error-detection and Correction 347 Section V E nglish-Chinese Translation 349Section VI Writing 3501992年考研英语真题答案3511991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题353 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 353Section II R eading Comprehension 358Section III Cloze Test 363Section IV Error-detection and Correction 366 Section V E nglish-Chinese Translation 367Section VI Writing 3681991年考研英语真题答案3691990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题371 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 371Section II R eading Comprehension 373Section III Cloze Test 377Section IV Error-detection and Correction 379 Section V V erb Forms 381Section VI Chinese-English Translation 381 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 3821990年考研英语真题答案3841989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题386 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 386Section II R eading Comprehension 388Section III Cloze Test 393Section IV Error-detection and Correction 395 Section V V erb Forms 396Section VI Chinese-English Translation 397 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 3971989年考研英语真题答案3991988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题401 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 401Section II R eading Comprehension 403Section III Cloze Test 408Section IV Error-detection and Correction 410 Section V V erb Forms 411Section VI Chinese-English Translation 412 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 4121988年考研英语真题答案4141987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题416 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 416Section II R eading Comprehension 418Section III Structure and V ocabulary 422 Section IV Cloze Test 424Section V V erb Forms 426Section VI Error-detection and Correction 427 Section VII Chinese-English Translation 429 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4291987年考研英语真题答案4311986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题433 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 433Section II C loze Test 435Section III Reading Comprehension 437Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 440 Section V E rror-detection and Correction 442 Section VI Verb Forms 444Section VII Chinese-English Translation 444 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4451986年考研英语真题答案4461985年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题448 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 448Section II C loze Test 450Section III Reading Comprehension 453Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 454 Section V E rror-detection and Correction 456 Section VI Verb Forms 457Section VII Chinese-English Translation 458 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4591985年考研英语真题答案4611984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题464 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 464Section II C loze Test 469Section III Reading Comprehension 471Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 472 Section V E rror-detection and Correction 474 Section VI Verb Forms 476Section VII Chinese-English Translation 477 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4771984年考研英语真题答案4791983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题482Section I Structure and V ocabulary 482Section II V erb Forms 484Section III Error-detection 484Section IV Cloze Test 485Section V R eading Comprehension 488Section VI Structure and V ocabulary 489Section VII Chinese-English Translation 491Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4911983年考研英语真题答案4931982年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题495Section I Structure and V ocabulary 495Section II V erb Forms 497Section III Error-detection 498Section IV Cloze Test 499Section V R eading Comprehension 501Section VI Chinese-English Translation 503Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5031982年考研英语真题答案5051981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题507Section I Structure and V ocabulary 507Section II E rror-detection 510Section III Sentence Making 511Section IV Verb Forms 511Section V C loze Test 512Section VI Chinese-English Translation 513Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5131981年考研英语真题答案5161980年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题519Section I Use of Prepositions 519Section II V erb Tenses 519Section III Verb Forms 520Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 521Section V E rror-detection 523Section VI Chinese-English Translation 524Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5241980年考研英语真题答案527使用说明（必读）—爱你需要理由么？1. 本文件包括自我国研究生入学实行统考以来（1980—2010年）所有31套全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案。
研究生基础综合英语1-4全文（中英文对照）-邱少林版
研究生基础综合英语1-4全文（中英文对照）-邱少林版Unit One：EducationText：In Praise of the F Word对F的赞美Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won’t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates.Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate.今年，将有成千上万的18岁学生毕业并被授于毫无意义的文凭。
这些文凭对每个人都是一样的,没有一点差别，而不管学生的成绩如何.但当雇主发现他们没有实际能力时，文凭的有效性就会被质疑。
Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational repair shops-adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school . They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.即使少数幸运的人找到了成人进修的地方，像我教语法和写作的地方。
考研英语阅读外刊原文(英国卫报)
The World Wastes Roughly a Sixth of the Food Produced Each Year全球每年大约六分之一的食物被浪费Each year, the world wastes about one-sixth of the food available to consumers. That's the finding of a new United Nations report. The report now estimates global food losses at about 931 million metric tons. That's an average of 121 kilograms (267 pounds) for each man, woman and child on Earth.联合国的一份最新报告显示，全球每年大约有六分之一的食物被消费者浪费掉。
该报告估计，目前全球食物浪费量约为9.31亿吨。
这相当于地球上的每个男人、女人和孩子平均浪费了121公斤（约合267磅）。
What isn't eaten also wastes all of the resources used to make that food, notes Martina Otto. Based near Paris, France, she works for the U.N. Environment Program (UNEP). Those resources include the water, energy, money, human labor and more.在法国巴黎附近为联合国环境规划署工作的玛蒂娜·奥托指出，未被食用的食物也会浪费所有用于制造食物的资源（包括水、能源、金钱、人力等）。
Wasted food "does not feed people, but it does feed climate change", added Otto during a March 4 news conference. Some 690 million people go hungry each year. More than 3 billion people can't afford a healthy diet.奥托在3月4日的新闻发布会上补充道，浪费掉的食物“不能养活人们，但却会引发气候变化”。
2001-2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题解析
2001年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题第一部分英语知识应运试题解析一、文章总体分析本文是一篇报道性的文章，介绍了自露丝玛莉·韦斯特案件发生后，政府、法院、媒体各方面对于付款给证人的反应。
文章第一段介绍了政府的反应：要禁止报界买断证人新闻的举动。
第二至六段介绍了以大法官埃尔温勋爵为代表的法院在这个问题上的态度。
最后一段介绍了露丝玛莉·韦斯特案件的始末。
在该案件中由于很多证人通过讲述他们的经历而从媒体获得报酬，结果导致被告数罪并罚，被判十项无期徒刑。
结论为付款给证人的做法成为一个颇有争议的问题。
二、试题具体解析1. [A] as to关于，至于 [B] for instance举例[C] in particular特别地 [D] such as例如[答案] D[解析] 本题考核的知识点是：逻辑关系。
解答该题时，考生需要判断空格前后部分prominent cases和The trial of Rosemary West之间的关系，前者泛指“一些著名的案件”，后者是一个具体的案件，即“对露丝玛莉·韦斯特案件的审判”，可见两者是例证关系。
因此，所填入的选项应是一个表示“例如”或“像……一样”的连接词。
首先排除as to和in particular。
for instance（或for example）可表示“举例”，但放在句中多为插入语，且后面不可直接加宾语。
如：Here in Chicago, for instance, the movement was growing by leaps and bounds.（比如在芝加哥，运动正在迅猛发展）。
选项中只有介词短语such as可以接名词做宾语，表达“例如…，象这种的”的含义。
首段第一句话的结构比较复杂，中心句为The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers（政府要禁止报界付钱给证人），现在分词结构seeking to buy up... Rosemary West 做后置定语，用来修饰newspapers，意为“试图收买涉及一些要案证人的报纸”。
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-----第一阶段----第四讲情态动词1.情态动词的基本含义（1）can①A light spirit can bear a heavy fate.You can do it if you believe you can.②If winter comes, can spring be far behind?You can’t step into the same river twice.③You can’t benefit from others’losses.It can be good.You can be right.（2）may①You may lead a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink. You may well surprise yourself at what strengths you have.②Your mind may be free no matter where you are.Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise.（3）mustIn order to succeed, you must have a long-term focus.When we want to more roses, we must plant trees.It must be Tom.（4）have toLife is like school. You have to pass one test to get on to the next test.To make a lasting marriage we have to overcome self-centeredness.You have got to like what you do.You’ve got to be in order to succeed.（5）shouldYou should try to seek every opportunity instead of just waiting quietly for its visit.Everyone should be wiser today than yesterday.（6）ought toMan ought to have something that he prefers to life.Everybody ought to do at least two things each day that he hates to do.（7）willYou can if you will.Heaven never helps the man who will not act.（8）would rather （或would sooner）In order to pursue light and heat, people would rather （或would sooner）lose their lives.We would rather（或would sooner）die on our feet than live on our knees.I would rather（或would sooner）forget what others owe me than forget what I owe others.（9）dareI dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended.Dare you be the first to eat oysters?（10）needHe who labors diligently need never despair.（11）had betterSleeping dogs had better be left alone.We’d better struggle for the future rather than regret for the past.（12）used toMy father used to say,“it is important to learn from your mistakes”.He used to smoke, but knowing what a bad habit it is, he stopped three years ago.2.情态动词+现在完成时的用法You can’t have been here.You can’t have married.You should have told me.You should have married.You shouldn’t have married.No matter what a person’s past may （might） have been, his future is spotless.God must have made every human being with a different intention.She can’t （或couldn’t） have succeeded by luck because she made every effort possible.Well into her 70s, she could easily have retired, but she preferred not to.Marsha did not accept the bad news, she should（或ought to） have taken this as a signal to look at other opportunities.If you doubt his ab ility, you shouldn’t （或ought not to） have hired him in the first place.Often when you look back, you feel that you needn’t have worried so much because a lot of things really didn’t matter.情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能:表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气.在这两个方面must/mustn’t,；can/can n’t；need/needn’t；may/mayn’t；minght/mightn’t；should/shouldn’t；ougtht等情态动词+完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的（1）表示已经发生的情况.1）must have+过去分词,表示对已发生情况的肯定推测,译为“（昨天）一定……”，如：my pain apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically：“are you feeling all right?”[A]must be [B]had been [C]must have been [D]had to be2）can’t/couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”，如：Mary my letter； otherwise she would have replied before now.[A]couldn’t have received[B]ought to have received[C]has received [D]shouldn’t have received3）may/might have+过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。
如：at Florida power’s crystal river plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.（2）表示虚拟语气。
1）needn’t have+过去分词，表示做了不必须做的事，相当于“didn’t need to do”，译为“其实没必要……”。
如：you needn’t have come over yourself.as it turned out to be a small house party. we so formally.[A]needn’t dress up[B]did not need have dressed up[C]did not need dress up [D]needn’t have dressed up2）should have+过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not +have 过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”，如；I regret having left the work unfinished； I should have planned everything ahead carefully。
我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。
3）ought to have + 过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。
如：the porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock , which went up in smoke.4）could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”，这点与ought/should/have+过去分词用法相似。
如；what you said is right, but you could have phrased it more tactfully.5）may/might have+过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“（那样）也许会……”。
如：it might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers.3.情态动词常考的句型：（1）may/might （just）as well “不防，最好”，与had better相近Since the flight was cancelled, you might as well go by train.既然航班已经取消了，你不妨乘火车吧。