Cabin Pressure
College Pressures 完整译文
Unit 2 College PressuresDear Carlos: I desperately need a dean’s excuse for my chem.（化学）midterm（期中考试）, which will begin in about one hour. All I can say is that I totally blew it this week. I’ve fallen incredibly（难以置信地，非常地）, inconceivably（不可思议地）behind.敬爱的卡洛斯院长：还有一个小时就要化学期中考试了，我急切需要一个院长给我点建议。
我唯一能说的就是，我这周过得浑浑噩噩，课业落下一大截。
Carlos: Help! I am anxious to hear from you. I’ll be in my room and won’t leave it until I hear from you. Tomorrow is the last day for…帮帮我！我非常需要你的回应！我会一直在房间里等，直到你给我回应。
明天就是最后一天...Carlos: I left town because I started bugging out again. I stayed up all night to finish a take-home make-up exam and am typing it to hand in on the tenth. It was due on the fifth. PS: I’m going to the dentist. Pain is pretty bad.我离开城镇是因为我又得赶时间开溜了。
我熬了一整晚做完家庭完成的考试，然后打印出来在第十周上交。
规定截止时间是第十五周。
PS:我要去看牙医。
牙疼的厉害。
Carlos: Probably by Friday I’ll be able to get back to my studies. Right now, I’m going to take a long walk. This whole thing has taken a lot out of me.也许周五我能赶回来继续学习。
380空调故障代码
设备舱空气加热器2短路 7118 7131
废排风扇电机接地故障 714F Exhaust fan motor earth failure 7168
客室再加热器接地永久激活 Saloon reheater contactor permanently activated 7181
设备舱冷却故障 Cabin cooling failure 设备舱加热故障 7141 Cabin heating failure
设备舱新风电机空开失效
设备舱空气加热器电路断路器故障 Cabin air heater circuit breaker tripped 设备舱返回阀门校准失效 Cabin return damper calibration failure 设备舱返回空气温度传感器反馈故障 Cabin return air temperature sensor feedback failure 压力波保护激活故障 Pressure wave protection activation faulty 设备舱客室空气阀门打开故障 Cabin saloon air damper opening failure 设备舱客室空气阀门关闭故障 712D Cabin saloon air damper closing failure 设备舱供应空气温度传感器反馈故障 712E Cabin supply air temperature sensor feedback failure 设备舱温度传感器混合 (A-110 到 A-113) 故障 712F 714C 714B 714A 7145 7144 7143 7142
not used not used 设备舱压力波保护装置关闭故障 Cabin pressure wave protection damper closing failure
Cabin Pressure
5 Year Historic and 3 Year Trend
500
$4.40
Cents per Gallon
400 300 200
$1.33
100 0 1 6-06 6-07 6-08 6-09
23 45 67 89 111 133 155 177 199 221 243 265 2419 441 463 Week Number, 1/1/01 = No. 1
Capacity Gainers and Losers
Change in Weekly ASMs (Millions) CR Name from '05 % Change Emirates Airlines 254 28% Southwest Airlines 172 10% Continental Airlines 144 8% Turkish Airlines 116 31% United Airlines 110 4% Air China 108 13% Ryanair 107 22% China Southern Airlines 95 11% TAM Linhas Aereas 89 28% Gol Transportes Aereos 88 77% Qatar Airways 87 30% Virgin Atlantic Airways 86 18% Air France 83 5% Qantas Airways 81 6% China Eastern Airlines 77 11% AirTran Airways 75 27% Jet Airways India 71 48%
Weekly ASMs (Millions) Sep. 2006 3,561 3,004 2,792 2,046 2,012 1,927 1,822 1,783 1,769 1,767 1,331 1,328 1,326 1,189 1,145 1,083 1,069 1,024
EF双语小知识｜飞机常用广播词中英对照
EF双语小知识｜飞机常用广播词中英对照随着中国社会的快速发展，生活中接触英语的机会也越来越多了，小E认为，这也为我们学习英语提供了许多的便利，你觉得呢？大家在国内乘飞机，因为发音不同或者英语基础不够扎实，是不是很难听懂国内航空公司的英文广播？别急，小E整理了常用广播词的中英对照，一起来学习下吧！This is the final boarding call for passengers Terry Yuan bookde on flight CA1590 to London.Please proceed to get 5 immediately.订了飞往伦敦的CA1590航班的Terry Yuan，这是最后一次登记通知。
请立即到5号登机口登机。
展开剩余92%Ladies and gentlemen,welcome onboard Flight CA1590 with service from Bei Jing to London.We are expectde to be in the air in approximately ten minutes time.女士们先生们，欢迎乘坐由北京飞往伦敦的CA1590次航班。
我们预计将在大约十分钟后起飞。
Ladies and gentlemen,we will be departing soon.Please fasten your seat belt.女士们先生们，我们的飞机即将起飞，请系好安全带。
Please bring your seat back to its full upright position.请把您的座椅靠背恢复到垂直状态。
Please remain in your seat until the plane has come to a complete stop.在飞机完全停下来之前，请保持在自己的座位上。
The final checks are being completed and the captain will order for the doors of the aircraft to close in approximately five minutes time.最后的登机检查即将完成，大约5分钟后机长将会下令关闭飞机舱门。
Cabin Crew Operation manual - Cabin Interior on Door and Exit
‐6 cabin doors (door type A) and‐2 emergency exits (door type I).In case of an emergency evacuation all doors and exits are used as emergency exits.All doors / exits are provided with emergency evacuation equipment (slides / slide-rafts) stowed in a container hinged to the lower part of the cabin doors.All the doors / exits have an initial opening movement to the inside. Then the doors / exits open outwards.Location of the Doors/ExitsCABIN DOORDescription of the Cabin Door (Type A)1.Escape Slide Container2.Door Control Handle3.Gust Lock4.Assist Handles5.Arming System6.Observation Window with:‐SLIDE ARMED Indicator Light‐CABIN PRESSURE WARNING Indicator Light7.Door Locking IndicationControls and Indicators of the Cabin Door (Type A)1.Door Control HandleThe cabin crew can use the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE to open and close the door from the inside of the cabin.2.Gust LockThe GUST LOCK secures the door in its fully open position.3.Assist HandlesThe cabin crew can use the ASSIST HANDLEs to hold onto when opening or closing the door from the inside of the cabin.4.Arming SystemThe slide ARMING SYSTEM consists of an SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) and a SAFETY PIN (9).5.Observation WindowThe OBSERVATION WINDOW has two indicator lights visible from the inside of the cabin as well as from the outside):‐Red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light (10)‐White SLIDE ARMED indicator light (11).6.Locking IndicationThe DOOR LOCKING indication indicates the door status.‐When the door is not in its closed/locked position the information UNLOCKED is displayed on a red background in the DOOR LOCKING indication.‐When the door is closed and locked the information LOCKED is displayed on a greenbackground in the DOOR LOCKING indication.7.Door Assist HandleThe cabin crew can use the ASSIST HANDLE when opening or closing the door.8.Slide Arming LeverThe cabin crew can use the SLIDE ARMING LEVER to arm or disarm the door slide/slide-raft.9.Safety Pin with Warning FlagA SAFETY PIN secures the SLIDE ARMING LEVER in the disarmed position.10.Cabin Pressure Warning Indicator LightThe red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light flashes when at least one engine is shut down, the related door is disarmed and the cabin differential pressure is above 2.5 mbar (0.0362 PSI).11.Slide Armed Indicator LightThe white SLIDE ARMED indicator light goes ON steadily when the slide is in ARMED mode and somebody moves the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE up.12.Exterior Door Control HandleThe exterior DOOR CONTROL HANDLE consists of a FLAP (13) and a HANDLE (14). 13.FlapThe cabin crew can use the FLAP to release the HANDLE from its closed position.14.HandleThe cabin crew can use the HANDLE to open and close the door from the outside.CABIN DOOR NORMAL OPENING FROM THE INSIDE1.Make sure that the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the DISARMED position and the SAFETYPIN (9) is installed.2.Make sure that the red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light in the observation windowis not ON and flashing.Do not open the door if the red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light is ON andflashes:‐Do not force the handle to open the door.‐Report the indication to the cockpit crew.‐Make sure that the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the DISARMED position and theSAFETY PIN (9) is installed.WARNING If A cabin crewmember opens the door while the red CABIN PRESSUREWARNING light is flashing, there is a risk that the cabin door will openviolently because the cabin is not fully depressurized.The red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING light flashes when all engines areshut down, the related door is disarmed and the cabin differential pressure isabove 2.5 mbar (0.0362 psi).CAUTION If the SLIDE ARMED indicator light is ON, the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the armed position and the slide will be activated automatically by openingthe door.3.Grasp one of the ASSIST HANDLEs (3).4.Lift the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (1) fully up.5.Push the door outwards then move it forward and sideward by using the DOOR ASSISTHANDLE (7) until the door locks in its fully open position.CABIN DOOR NORMAL CLOSING FROM THE INSIDE1.Grasp one of the DOOR ASSIST HANDLEs (3).2.Press the GUST LOCK (2) and simultaneously pull the support arm towards yourself.3.Move the door towards yourself by using the DOOR ASSIST HANDLE (7).4.When the door is in front of its frame, pull the door inwards and lower the DOOR CONTROLHANDLE (1).5.Check whether the door is locked correctly, the DOOR LOCKING INDICATION (6) must indicateLOCKED.CABIN DOOR NORMAL OPENING FROM THE OUTSIDENote:Labels next to the EXTERIOR DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (12) indicate how to operate the door from outside.1.Look through the OBSERVATION WINDOW (5) and make sure that the red CABIN PRESSUREWARNING indicator light (10) does not flash.2.Push at the FLAP (13) and grasp the HANDLE (14), lift the handle fully up to the horizontalgreen line.3.Pull the door outwards and sideways until it locks in its fully open position.CABIN DOOR NORMAL CLOSING FROM THE OUTSIDE1.Push the GUST LOCK (2) to unlock the door.2.Move the door towards its frame.3.When the door is in front of its frame push it into it and lower the EXTERIOR DOOR CONTROLHANDLE (12).The door is locked when the handle is flush with the fuselage.CABIN DOOR EMERGENCY OPENINGWARNING When the door is in the ARMED mode, the red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light (10) does not illuminate to indicate the cabin differential pressure.Indications of cabin differential pressure may be:‐Resistance in the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (1) when it is lifted to the OPENposition, using normal force, and/or‐A hissing noise in the immediate door area.If the circumstances permit, fully lower the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE(1) to theCLOSED position. Notify the flight crew immediately.1.Check whether the SLIDE ARMING SYSTEM (4) is in SLIDE ARMED mode.2.Grasp the DOOR ASSIST HANDLE (3) and hold on to it.3.Lift the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (1) rapidly fully up and release it.Note:The door opens automatically and locks in its fully open position. Should the pneumatic assistance of the door fail, push the door open manually.DOOR TYPE I EMERGENCY EXITDescription of the Door Type I Emergency Exit(1)Escape Slide Container(2)Door Control Handle under Cover(3)Gust Lock(4)Assist Handles(5)Arming System(6)Observation Window with:‐SLIDE ARMED Indicator Light (white)‐CABIN PRESSURE WARNING Indicator Light (red)(7)Door Locking IndicationControls and Indicators of the Door Type I Emergency Exit(1)Door Control Handle under a CoverThe cabin crew can use the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE to open and close the door from the inside of the cabin.(2)Gust LockThe GUST LOCK secures the door in its fully open position.(3)Assist HandlesThe cabin crew can use the ASSIST HANDLEs to hold onto when opening or closing thedoor from the inside of the cabin.(4)Arming SystemThe SLIDE ARMING SYSTEM consists of an SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) and a SAFETY PIN (9).(5)Observation WindowThe OBSERVATION WINDOW has two indicator lights visible from the inside of the cabin as well as from the outside):‐Red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light (10)‐White SLIDE ARMED indicator light (11).(6)Locking IndicationThe DOOR LOCKING indication indicates the door status.‐When the door is not in its closed/locked position the information UNLOCKED is displayed on a red background in the DOOR LOCKING indication.‐When the door is closed and locked the information LOCKED is displayed on a greenbackground in the DOOR LOCKING indication.(7)Door Assist HandleThe cabin crew can use the ASSIST HANDLE when opening or closing the door.(8)Slide Arming LeverThe cabin crew can use the SLIDE ARMING LEVER to arm or disarm the doorslide/slide-raft.(9)Safety Pin with Warning FlagA SAFETY PIN secures the SLIDE ARMING LEVER in the disarmed position.(10)Red Cabin Pressure Warning Indicator LightThe red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light flashes when the related door isdisarmed, the cabin differential pressure is above 2.5 mbar (0.0362 PSI) and the innerengines of aircraft with four engines are shut down, or at least one engine of aircraft with two engines is shut down.(11)Slide Armed Indicator LightThe white SLIDE ARMED indicator light goes ON steadily when the slide is in ARMED mode and somebody moves the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE up.(12)Exterior Door Control HandleThe exterior DOOR CONTROL HANDLE consists of a FLAP (13) and a HANDLE (14). (13)FlapThe cabin crew can use the FLAP to release the HANDLE from its closed position. (14)HandleThe cabin crew can use the HANDLE to open and close the door from the outside.is to function as emergency exits in case of an emergency evacuation.However, the emergency exits can be operated like the cabin doors.EMERGENCY EXIT OPENING FROM THE INSIDE WITHOUT INITIATING THE SLIDE /SLIDE-RAFT1.Make sure that the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the DISARMED position and the SAFETYPIN (9) is installed.2.Make sure that the red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light in the observation windowis not ON and flashing.DOORS AND EXITSA330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALDo not open the door if the red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light flashes:‐Do not force the handle to open the door.‐Report the indication to the cockpit crew.‐Make sure that the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the DISARMED position and theSAFETY PIN (9) is installed.WARNING If a cabin crewmember opens the door while the red CABIN PRESSUREWARNING indicator light is ON and flashing, there is a risk that the cabindoor will open violently because the cabin is not fully depressurized.The red CABIN PRESSURE Warning indicator light flashes when allengines are shut down, the related door is disarmed and the cabindifferential pressure is above 2.5 mbar (0.0362 psi).CAUTION If the SLIDE ARMED indicator light is ON, the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the armed position and the slide will be activated automatically by openingthe door.3.Grasp one of the ASSIST HANDLEs (3).4.Lift the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE COVER.5.Lift the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (1) fully up.6.Push the door outwards then move it forward and sideward by using the DOOR ASSISTHANDLE (7) until the door locks in its fully open position.EMERGENCY EXIT NORMAL CLOSING FROM THE INSIDE1.Grasp one of the ASSIST HANDLEs (3).2.Press the GUST LOCK (2) and simultaneously pull the support arm towards yourself.3.Move the door towards yourself by using the DOOR ASSIST HANDLE (7).4.When the door is in front of its frame, pull the door inwards and lower the DOOR CONTROLHANDLE (1).5.Check whether the door locked correctly, the DOOR LOCKING INDICATION (6) must indicateLOCKED.EMERGENCY EXIT NORMAL OPENING FROM THE OUTSIDENote:Labels next to the EXTERIOR DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (12) indicate how to operate the door from the outside.1.Look through the OBSERVATION WINDOW (5) and make sure that:DOORS AND EXITSA330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUAL‐The red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light (10) does not flash.‐The white SLIDE ARMED indicator light is not ON.2.Push at the FLAP (13) and grasp the HANDLE (14), lift the handle fully up to the horizontalgreen line.3.Pull the door outwards and sideways until it locks in its fully open position. EMERGENCY EXIT NORMAL CLOSING FROM THE OUTSIDE1.Push the GUST LOCK (2) to unlock the door.2.Move the door towards its frame.3.When the door is in front of its frame push it into it and lower the EXTERIOR DOOR CONTROLHANDLE (12).The door is locked when the handle is flush with the fuselage.EMERGENCY EXIT OPENING FROM THE INSIDE INITIATING THE SLIDE / SLIDE-RAFTWARNING When the door is in the ARMED mode, the red CABIN PRESSURE WARNING indicator light (10) does not illuminate to indicate the cabin differential pressure.Indications of cabin differential pressure may be:‐Resistance in the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (1) when it is lifted to the OPENposition, using normal force, and/or‐A hissing noise in the immediate door area.If the circumstances permit, fully lower the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE(1) to theCLOSED position. Notify the flight crew immediately.1.Look through the OBSERVATION WINDOW (5) to make sure that the outside conditions aresafe and that the slide deployment area is clear of:‐Fire‐Smoke‐Obstacles.2.Check whether the SLIDE ARMING SYSTEM (4) is in ARMED mode (the white SLIDE ARMEDindicator light below the observation window goes ON when the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE is slightly lifted).3.Grasp the ASSIST HANDLE (3) and hold on to it.4.Lift the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE COVER.5.Lift the DOOR CONTROL HANDLE (1) rapidly fully up and release it.Note:The door opens automatically and locks in its fully open position. Should the pneumatic assistance of the door fail, push the door open manually.DOORS AND EXITSA330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALLEVER.The SLIDE ARMING LEVER is connected to the girt bar, and the girt bar is attached to the escape slide.When the slide is armed the SLIDE ARMING LEVER connects the escape slide via the girt bar to the cabin floor.When the slide is disarmed the SLIDE ARMING LEVER connects the escape slide via the girt bar to the cabin door.CABIN DOOR AND EMERGENCY EXIT IN DISARMED POSITIONWhen the SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) is in the DISARMED position a SAFETY PIN (9) with a red flag must be installed in order to:‐Indicate that the slide is DISARMED‐Prevent inadvertent movement of the SLIDE ARMING LEVER.CABIN DOOR AND EMERGENCY EXIT ARMING PROCEDUREIn order to arm the slide:1.The SAFETY PIN (9) has to be removed and stowed in the hole provided on the door supportarm for that purpose.2.The SLIDE ARMING LEVER (8) must be moved to the armed position.The door is now ready for flight.Note:When the SLIDE ARMING LEVER is in the armed position, a flap, which avoids an unintentional reinstallation of the safety pin, moves over the disarmed safety pin hole.If the SLIDE ARMING LEVER is in the armed position and the door is opened from theoutside, the lever will move automatically and mechanically to the disarmed position.The emergency operation cylinder is located behind the support arm.A330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALDOORS AND EXITS‐It limits the door travel during normal operation of the door especially in windy conditions.‐It acts during emergency operation as an actuator for automatic door opening. The damper and the emergency operation cylinder is operated by compressed nitrogen which is stored in a cylinderequipped with a pressure gauge. The pressure is also checked by the CIDS and indicated on the FAP.‐The pressurized nitrogen is released by an actuating device controlled by the slide arming lever.Pressure Gauge (Example)The pressure gauge of the cylinder is divided in three distinct areas: green, yellow and red.Indication ActionGreen Aircraft can be dispatched.YellowAircraft can be dispatched. Additional information is given, that pressure has decreased from correct value and a maintenance action is necessary in the next days. Inform the maintenance crew.Yellow and additional FAP warning.Aircraft can be dispatched for flight, but maintenance action is necessary before next flight. Inform the maintenance crew.RedActuator and door inoperative. Maintenance action isnecessary before next flight. Inform the maintenance crew.A330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALDOORS AND EXITSDoors and Slides Cockpit Control System(1)ENGINE/WARNING DisplayUnlocked doors are shown in amber text on the ENGINE/WARNING DISPLAY. At the same time the DOOR PAGE on the SYSTEM DISPLAY is displayed.(2)MASTER CAUTION LightIf the engines are running and a door is not locked, the MASTER CAUTION lights flash and a single chime sounds in the cockpit.(3)SYSTEM DISPLAY Door locked & armed :The door symbol is green light and there is no message.Door open :The door symbol and the message OPEN is red light.No data:The door symbol shows X in red light, the message NO DATA is white.A330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALDOORS AND EXITSSlide armed:The message SLIDE adjacent to the door is white light.Slide disarmed/door open :The message SLIDE is replaced by a dotted line in red light.Slide disarmed/door closed :Door symbol is green light and there is no message.(4)ECAM CONTROL PANELThe door status can be checked at any time on the SYSTEM DISPLAY by pushing the DOOR pb on the ECAM CONTROL PANEL.The doors and slides status can be checked at any time on the FAP. To display the DOORS/SLIDES page on the FAP, push the DOORS / SLIDES button from the function selector.Doors and Slides Cabin Control SystemAll open doors are shown as red rectangles outside the aircraft symbol.All closed doors with disarmed evacuation devices are shown as amber rectangles inside the aircraft symbol.All closed doors with armed evacuation devices are shown as green rectangles inside the aircraft symbol.DOORS AND EXITSA330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALThe door/slide pressure and the slide armed/disarmed indications are shown as amber text next to the related door/slide.The DOORS/SLIDES menu will be displayed automatically if the following information applies:‐SLIDE PRESSURE LOW‐DOOR PRESSURE LOW‐SLIDE DISARMED.DOORS AND EXITS A330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALIntentionally left blankCREW REST AREASA330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALrelax or to sleep. Thus, the aircraft has special crew rest rooms.A crew rest room is equipped with:‐bunk(s) and/or seat(s)‐emergency equipment‐stowages to keep the emergency equipment and personal items of the crew members‐coat stowages and/or coat hooks, which allow to hang up crew clothing.CREW REST ROOM(S) INSTALLED IN THE AIRCRAFTThe aircraft has the following crew rest room:‐Flight Crew Rest Compartment (FCRC)Due to its location nearby the cockpit, the FCRC is intended to be used from the flight crew (the pilots).BEFORE ENTERING A CREW REST ROOMNote: A crew rest room is exclusively reserved for the crewmembers. Do not allow passengers to enter a crew rest room.WARNING To guarantee the safety of the crew rest room occupants, their number mustnot exceed the number of bunks and seats . The number of oxygen masksin the crew rest room(s) is adapted to the maximum number of occupants.Additional occupants would not find an oxygen mask. In case of a ventilationfailure suffocation of all additional occupants would be possible!USING A CREW REST ROOMNote:Do not use a crew rest room for trolley/cart stowing!Always enter a crew rest room as silent as possible.Note:Please remember: A crew rest room is collectively used by all crewmembers.‐Do not eat or drink in any crew rest room!‐Be quiet while staying in the crew rest room!‐Do not leave the crew rest room in a mess!WARNING Do not smoke in a crew rest room! Otherwise smoke or fire is possible and can result in loss of life or injury to all persons in the aircraft.A330/A340CABIN CREW OPERATING MANUALCREW REST AREASLocationto the cockpit.The Flight Crew Rest Compartment (FCRC) typically has one or two bunk(s). To guarantee the privacy of the flight crew member when lying on the bunk, the bunk has a curtain.A service unit is installed above the bunk.WARNINGAlways lay the head on the bunk end below the service unit. Otherwise - in case of an abnormal or emergency situation - even loss of life is possible, because the service unit contains an oxygen mask, which does not reach the opposite bunk end.A lap belt on the bunk protect the crewmember from injury caused by turbulence or flight manoeuvres.WARNING Always use the lap belt when lying on a bunk. Fasten the four-point seat belt immediately, when the FASTEN SEAT BELT sign appears at the service unit abovethe bunk. Otherwise serious injury caused by turbulence or flight manoeuvres ispossible.LAP BELT OPERATIONLap Belt ComponentsHOW TO FASTEN THE LAP BELTFasten and Tighten the Lap BeltWARNING Make sure that the lap belt is not twisted before or during fastening. A twisted lap belt has a reduced protection effect and can cause injury to the bunkoccupant.1.Grasp the buckle with one hand and the connector with the other hand.2.Insert the connector into the buckle. The locking device inside the buckle snaps into place.3.Make sure that the lap belt is correctly locked and tightened.WARNING Always lock and tighten the lap belt correctly. Otherwise it does not protect from injury.a.Simultaneously pull the buckle strap and the connector strap to check whether the lap beltis correctly locked.b.Pull the free end of the buckle strap to tighten the lap belt.HOW TO UNFASTEN THE LAP BELTUnfasten the Lap Belt1.Grasp the buckle with one hand and hold it.2.Lift the cap of the buckle with the other hand. The locking device inside the buckle opens andreleases the connector.3.Carefully release the cap of the buckle, grasp the connector and pull it out of the buckle.y down the lap belt and make sure that its position causes no danger of injury.HOW TO LOOSEN THE LAP BELTLoosen the Lap Belt1.Relieve the free end of buckle strap by turning the buckle.2.Pull the buckle to the side of the connector strap. If needed the buckle movement can beassisted by shifting the free end of the buckle strap towards the buckle.The service unit typically contains:‐Reading light‐READING LIGHT pushbutton‐Air outlet nozzle‐Oxygen containerare some stowage compartments in the Flight Crew Rest Compartment (FCRC). Normally the stowage compartments have latches to keep the doors closed. WARNING Do not overload the stowage compartments. In case of turbulence or unexpected flight manoeuvres, overload can cause failure of the latches. Then uncontrolled dooropening is possible. To avoid injury to nearby persons, distribute the surplus of thestowed items to other stowage compartments.The specific load limit is shown on a placard inside each stowage compartment.‐Lights control (interior lights, reading light)‐Lighted sign NO SMOKING / FASTEN SEAT BELT‐Attendant Indication Panel (AIP)‐Cabin handsetLIGHTED SIGNWHEN THE LIGHTED SIGN IS ACTIVATEDNo Smoking / Fasten Seat Belt(1)No SmokingDo not smoke.(2)Fasten Seat BeltWARNING Immediately fasten the lap or seat belt to avoid injury caused byturbulence or unexpected flight manoeuvres. ATTENDANT INDICATION PANELRefer to CCOM Description:Chapter CIDS AND COMMUNICATIONS,Section CABIN INTERCOMMUNICATION DATA SYSTEM,Sub-Section SYSTEM COMPONENTS,Paragraph ATTENDANT INDICATION PANEL.CABIN HANDSETRefer to CCOM Description:Chapter CIDS AND COMMUNICATIONS,Section CABIN INTERCOMMUNICATION DATA SYSTEM,Sub-Section SYSTEM COMPONENTS,Paragraph CABIN HANDSET.Location(1)FES Panel(2)Smoke detector(3)Emergency light(4)Call light(5)Additional Attendant Panel (AAP)(6)Handle(7)Hatch light(8)Hatch locking mechanismFES PANELOperating elements(1)LED FES status lightIf this LED comes on while the FES is not in use, there is a pressure loss in the FES.If the toggle FES discharge sw has been actuated, this LED comes on simultaneously to indicate that the FES is discharging.(2)Translucent flapCovers the toggle FES discharge sw to avoid inadvertent actuation.(3)Lead seal(4)Toggle FES discharge swStarts the discharge of the fire extinguishing system.(5)Lighted sign DO NOT OPEN HATCH lightComes on when the FES discharge is activated.STARTING THE FES DISCHARGEWARNING Before starting the FES discharge make sure that‐all crew members have left the LDMCR‐the emergency exit hatch and the entrance hatch are closeDOtherwise the smoke can cause injury or loss of life to crew members in theLDMCR or to persons in the cabin.1.Remove the lead seal on the cover flap of the toggle FES DISCHARGE pb-sw.2.Open the cover flap.3.Move the toggle FES DISCHARGE pb-sw to the DISCHARGE position.In case of smoke or fire in the LDMCR: Refer to 09-020 LDMCR SMOKE.SMOKE DETECTORThe smoke detector is installed on the ceiling. It detects smoke in the zone, where it is installed and indicates this to the flight and cabin crew.EMERGENCY LIGHTThe emergency light illuminates the zone where it is installed in these situations:‐The No Smoking switch in the cockpit panel 215VU is in position AUTO and the landing gear is down.‐The EMER EXIT LT switch in the cockpit panel 215VU is in position ARM and one of thefollowing abnormal situations occurs:•The main light does not operate.•The cabin pressure is too low (Cabin Pressure Low is detected).•No essential DC power supply is available.‐The EMER EXIT LT switch in the cockpit panel 215VU is manually set into position On. CALL LIGHTThe call light indicates an interphone call from/to a crew member inside the crew rest compartment.ADDITIONAL ATTENDANT PANEL (AAP)The Additional Attendant Panel controls the lights in the LDMCR.It is also possible to control the LDMCR lights from the FAP.Refer to CCOM Description: CREW REST ILLUMINATIONOperating elementsCONTROLLING THE LIGHTS IN THE LDMCRAll lights in the LDMCR come on at the same time with the same intensity. Three different light intensities are available.To set the intensity of the lights, press one of these pushbuttons:‐Crew rest pb to set the lights to 100 % brightness.‐Dim1 pb to dim the lights to 50 % brightness.‐Dim2 pb to dim the lights to 10 % brightness.To switch off the lights, press the active (illuminated) pushbutton a second time.To switch on the lights again, press one of the pushbuttons Crew rest pb, Dim1 pb or Dim2 pb.The lights come on with the corresponding brightness.HANDLESThe handles are installed for personal safety.WARNING Grasp the handles every time‐before stepping on or off the stairs.‐when loosing balance, especially while opening or closing the entrance hatch.Otherwise it is possible to fall through the entrance hole into the LDMCR, whichcan lead to serious injury.HATCH LIGHTMounted on the sidewall of the staircase.Illuminates the entrance hatch of the LDMCR to ease hatch operation.DESCRIPTIONInstalled in the floor of the main deck.In case of an emergency situation quick evacuation of the LDMCR occupants could be essential. If the way through the staircase is blocked (e.g. by a fire), the emergency exit hatch offers a second evacuation path.WARNING If the LDMCR is occupied:‐Do not stow any items on the emergency exit hatch.‐Do not allow persons to stand on the emergency exit hatch.Otherwise injury or suffocation to the LDMCR occupants is possible!LOCATIONFrom Cabin SideOPERATING THE EMERGENCY EXIT HATCHOverview from LDMCR Side(1)Emergency exit hatch(2)Guiding rail。
民航英文缩写专业解析
民航英文缩写专业解析名词解释ADF:自动信标接收机,指示NDB电台的方位ALT:高度AP:自动驾驶仪ATIS:机场气象广播,包括风,能见度,云,修正海压,使用的跑道等等CHECKLIST:检查单,飞机起飞,爬升,平飞,下降,着陆前所作的的检查COM:甚高频通讯机,118.0-135.95MHZ,用于陆空对话及ATIS接收DME:测距机,用来测量DME台的距离EFIS:特指有阴极射线管的电子仪表系统FLAP:襟翼,机翼后缘可转动部分,通常用于起飞落地GEAR:起落架HDG:HEADING,航向IAS:指示空速ILS:精密仪表进近,俗称盲降,包括航向道和下滑道,引导飞机至60米高度NA V:甚高频导航接收机,108.00-117.95MHZ,用于接收VOR/DME及ILS信号NDB:导航用广播电台,可听见莫尔斯码TRANSPONDER:二次雷达应答机,采用8进制编码,自动报告飞机位置V1:起飞决断速度,高于此速度不可中断起飞,否则将冲出跑道Vr,(Rotate):起飞抬头速度VOR:全向信标机,提供稳定的方位信号AA/B Autobrake 自动刹车ABS Absolute 绝对ABV Above 上方A/C Aircraft；Air Conditioning 飞机；空调AC Alternating Current 交流电ACARS ARINC Communication Addressing and Reporting System 航空无线电通讯地址和报告系统ACC Aft Core Cowl 发动机后核心整流罩ACCEL Acceleration, Accelerate (d), Accelerometers 加速，加速度计ACIA Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter 异步通讯接口转接头ACM Air Cycle Machine 空气循环机ACN Aircraft Classification Number 飞机分类编号ACMP Alternating Current Motor Pump 交流马达泵ACP Audio Control Panel 音响控制面板ACP Automatic Control Panel 自动控制面板ACPC AC Power Center 交流电源中心ACSC Air Conditioning System Controller 空调系统控制器ACSU Adjustable Cam Switch Unit 可调凸轮电门组件ACT Active 工作的,有效的,生效的,正在使用的ACU Air Conditioning Unit 空调组件3D (3-D) Three dimensional 三维的，立体的AD Airworthiness Directive 适航性指令A/D Analog-to-Digital 模拟-数字，模-数ADC Air Data Computer 大气数据计算机ADC Autodeploy Computer 自动放出计算机ADCU Autodeploy Control Unit 自动放出控制组件ADDR Address 地址，广播ADF Automatic Direction Finder 自动定向仪，无线电罗盘ADG Air Driven Generator 空气驱动发电机ADGPC ADG Power Center 空气驱动发电机电源中心ADI Attitude Director Indicator 姿态指引仪ADIRS Air Data Inertial Reference System 大气数据惯性基准系统ADIRU Air Data Inertial Reference Unit 大气数据惯性基准组件ADM Air Data Module 大气数据模件ADP Air Driven Pump 空气驱动泵ADS Air Data System 大气数据系统ADSHC Air Data Sensor Heater Controllers 大气数据传感器加温控制器ADV Advance 提前，预先AECU Audio Electronic Control Unit 音响电子控制组件AEPC APU/External Power Contactor APU/外部电源接头AFCS Automatic Flight Control System 自动飞行控制系统AFDS Autopilot Flight Director System 自动驾驶飞行指引系统AFM Airplane Flight Manual 飞机飞行手册（FAA批准）AFT Afterward 向后AGB Accessory Gearbox 附件齿轮箱AGC Automatic Gain Control 自动增益控制A/G Air/Ground 空中/地面，空/地AGL Above Ground Level 高于地面AH Alert Height 警戒高度AHC Attitude and Heading Computer 姿态和航向计算机AHRS Attitude and Heading Reference System 姿态和航向基准系统AHS Attitude Heading System 姿态航向系统AHM Attitude Hold Mode 姿态保持方式A/ICE Anti-Ice 防冰AID Aircraft Interface DiscrepancyAircraft Installation Delay 飞机接口误差（故障）飞机安装延误AIDS Aircraft Integrated Data System 飞机综合数据系统AIL Aileron 副翼AILC Anti-Ice and Leak Detection Controller 防冰与渗漏检测控制器AIS Audio Integrating System 音响综合系统ALIGN Aligning, Alignment 校准，对准ALPHA Alpha 字母，迎角ALT Altitude 高度ALT Altitude Hold (PFD/FD) 高度保持（主显/飞行指引仪上）ALT ACQ Altitude Acquire 高度获取ALT CAP Altitude Capture (PFD/FD) 高度截获（主显/飞行指引仪上）ALTM Altimeter 高度表ALTN Alternate 备用ALTS Altitude Select 高度选择AM Amplitude Modulation 调幅AMA Audio Monitor Adapter 音响监控接头AMB Ambient 外部，外界AME Amplitude Modulation Equivalent 等值调幅AMI Airline Modifiable Information 航线可变更信息AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual 飞机维护手册AMP Amperes 安培AMPL Amplifier 放大（器）AMTOSS Aircraft Maintenance Task Oriented Support System 飞机维护任务保障系统AN/CDU Alternate Navigation on CDU 控制显示组件的备用导航ANN ANNUN Annunciator 告示牌，信号牌（灯）ANP Actual Navigation Performance 实际导航性能ANS Alternate Navigation System 备用导航系统ANT Antenna 天线AOA Angle of Attack 迎角AOC Airline Operational Communication Data Link 航空公司运作通讯数据链AOG Aircraft On Ground 停飞飞机，飞机停飞A/P Autopilot 自动驾驶仪AP Autopilot; Auxiliary Power 自动驾驶仪；辅助电源APC Auxiliary Power Control 辅助电源控制APC/EPC Auxiliary Power Contactor/External Power Contactor 辅助电源接触器/外部电源接触器APD Approach Progress Display 进近进程显示APD/CL Access Panels and Doors/Component Location 盖板和舱门/部件位置APL Airplane 飞机APM Airport Planning Manual 机场计划手册APP Approach 进近APPR Approach 进近APPROX Approximately 大约APR Automatic Power Reserve 自动功率储备APR Automatic Performance Reserve 自动性能储备APU Auxiliary Power Unit 辅助动力装置AR As Required 按需要ARINC Aeronautical Radio Incorporated 航空无线电公司ARM Aircraft Recovery Manual 飞机修复手册ARP Air Data Reference Panel 大气数据基准面板ARPT Airport 机场ARR Arrival 到达，进港A/S Airspeed；Antiskid 空速；防滞ASA Aircraft Separation Assurance 飞机之间间隔的确保（确保飞机之间的间隔）ASA Autoland Status Annunciator 自动着陆状态信号牌ASCA APU Starter-Contactor Assembly APU起动机接触器组件ASCV Anti-Skid Control Valve 防止控制活门ASYM Asymmetrical 不对称的ASCU Antiskid Control Unit 防滞控制组件ASI Airspeed Indicator 空速表A/SKID Anti-Skid 防滞ASP Audio Selector Panel 音响选择板ASR Airport Surveillance Radar 机场监视雷达ASSY Assembly 组件，组装Asym Asymmetric/Asymmetry 不对称A/T Autothrottle 自动油门ATA Actual Time of Arrival 实际到达时间ATA 100 Air Transport Association of America Specification No.100 美国航空运输协会第100号规范ATC Air Traffic Control 空中交通管制ATCRBS Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System 空中交通管制雷达信标系统ATD Advanced Training Device 先进训练设备ATE Auto Test Equipment 自动测试设备ATO Aborted Takeoff 中断（止）起飞ATP Acceptance Test Procedure 验收测试（试飞）程序ATR Automatic Throttle Retarder 自动收油门装置ATS Air Turbine Starter 空气涡轮起动机ATSCV Air Turbine Starter Control Valve 空气涡轮起动机控制活门ATT Attitude；Attendant 姿态ATTD Attitude，姿态；乘务员ATTND Attendant （空中）服务员AUTO Automatic 自动AUTO BAL Automatic Balance 自动平衡AUTOTHROT Autothrottle 自动油门ATTO XFER Automatic Transfer 自动转换AUX Auxiliary 辅助A V Avionics 航空电子设备A V AIL Available 存在，可用，有A VG Average 平均A VM Airborne Vibration Monitor 机载震动监视器AZ Azimuth 方位BB/AIR Bleed Air 引气，放气BAL Balance 平衡BARO Barometric Pressure 气压压力BATT Battery 电瓶BAT Battery 电瓶BB Broad Band 宽带BBL Body Buttock Line 机身纵剖线B/CRS Back Course 背台航道B/C Back Course (Localizer) 背台航道（航道台）BDI Bearing Distance Indicator 方位距离指示器BCD Binary Coded Decimal 二进制-十进制编码BFN Binary Fractional Notation 二进分式计数法BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator 拍频振荡器BIT Built-In Test 自检，自测，内装测试BITE Built-In Test Equipment 自测设备，内装测试设备BK Break 中断，打断BKGRD Background 背景BKR Breaker 断电器BL Buttock Line 纵剖线BLD Bleed 引气，放气B/LEAK Bleed Leak 引气渗漏BLK Black; Block 黑色；块，堵塞，BLW Below 下方BMS Boeing Material Specification 波音材料规格（书）BMV Brake Metering Valve 剎车计量活门Bnr，bnr Burner 燃烧室BPCU Bus Power Control Unit 汇流条电源控制组件BPI Brake Pressure Indicator 剎车压力指示器BPSU Brake and Position Sensor Unit 刹车和位置传感器组件BRG Bearing 方位; 轴承BRK Brake 剎车（装置），制动（装置）BRT Bright; Brightness (stroke intensity control) 亮度（频闪灯亮度控制）BS, B/S Body Station 机身站位BSI Borescope Inspection 孔探仪检查BTB Bus Tie Breaker 汇流条连接接触器(断路器)BTBR Bus Tie Breaker Relay 汇流连接接触器继电器BTL Bottle 氧气瓶，灭火瓶BTMS Brake Temperature Monitoring System 刹车温度监视系统BTMU Brake Temperature Monitoring Unit 刹车温度监视组件BTS Bleed Temperature Sensor 引气温度传感器BUTE Bent-up Trailing Edge 上弯后缘BVCU Bleed Valve Control Unit 引气活门控制组件CC Center, Caution, Cable, Captain, Celsius, Cool，Cabin，Cycles 中心，注意，电缆，机长，摄氏，冷却，座舱, 循环CAA Civil Aviation Authority （英国）民航局CAI Cabin Altitude Indicator 客舱高度指示器CAIV Cowl Anti-Ice Valves 整流罩防冰活门CAL Calibrate 校正，校准CANC Cancel 取消，删除CAP Capture 载获CAPT or C Captain 机长CAS Calibrated Airspeed 校准空速CAS Crew Alerting System, Calibrated Airspeed 机组警告系统, 校准空速CAT Category 目录，类CATII Category II 二类飞行标准CB C/B Circuit Breaker 跳开关，电路断路器CBIT Continuous BIT 连续自检CB Circuit Breaker （电路）跳开关CBP Circuit Breaker Panel 跳开关面板CBT Computer Based Training 计算机辅助飞行训练CBV Cross Bleed Valve 交叉引气活门CBW Cross Bleed Wing Valve 交叉引气机翼(防冰)活门CCA Circuit Card Assembly 电路板组件CCDL Cross Channel Data Link 交输通道数据链路CCP Compass Control Panel 罗盘控制面板CCW Counter-clockwise 逆时针反时针CDH Clearance Delivery Head 放飞主任CDI Course Deviation Indicator 偏航指示器CDL Configuration Deviation List 配置缺差清单，缺件清单CDP Compressor Discharge Pressure 压气机出口压力CDTS Compressor Discharge Temperature Sensor 压缩机出口温度传感器CDU Control Display Unit 控制显示组件CES Canadair Equipment Specification 加空设备规格（范）CESM Commercial Engine Service Memorandum 商用发动机服务备忘录CFM Cubic Feet Per Minute 立方英尺/分钟CFMI Joint company GE/SNECMA CFM国际公司（由美国的GE和法国的SNECMA联合的公司）CG Center of Gravity 重心CH Chapter, Channel 章，通道CHAN Channel 通道CHGR Charger 充电器，加注器CHR Chronometer 精密计时器，秒表CIT Compressor Inlet Temperature 压气机进口温度CK Check 检查CKPT Cockpit 驾驶舱CL Close 关闭，闭合C/L Centerline 中心线CLB Climb, Maximum Climb 爬高，爬升；最大爬升CLK Clock 时钟CLR Clear 清除CM Centimeters 厘米CMD Command 指令，命令CMM Component Maintenance Manual 部件维护手册CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor 互补型金属氧化物半导体CMPS Compass 罗盘CMPTR Computer 计算机CNTRL，Cntrl Control 控制，操纵（机构）CO Carbon Dioxide；Company 二氧化碳；公司COAX Coax Coaxial 同轴（的）Col Column 驾驶杆，栏（目）COM Communication 通讯，连络Comb Combustor；Combination 燃烧室; 结合，组合COMM Communication 通讯，联络COMND Command 指令，指挥COMP Compartment; Comparator 舱; 比较器COMP Compressor；Compensate, Compensator 压气机；补偿补偿器COND Condition，conditioning; Continued 条件，状态；调节；继续CONFIG Configuration 配置，布局，形态CONN Connection 连接，接头CONT Control, Continuous, Contactor, Controller 控制,操纵,连续的,接触器,控制器COOL Cooling 冷却，散热CORR Correction 修正CPAM Cabin Pressure Acquisition Module 座舱压力采集组件CPC Cabin Pressure Controller 座舱压力控制器CPCP Cabin Pressure Control Panel 座舱压力控制面板CPCS Cabin Pressure Control System 座舱压力控制系统CPLT Copilot 副驾驶CPOST Computer Power-On Self-Test 计算机电源接通后自检CPT Cockpit Procedures Trainer 驾驶舱程序训练器cps Cycles per second 循环数/秒CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器CRES Corrosion Resistant Steel 防（耐）腐钢CRF Compressor Rear Frame 压气机后框架CRS Course 航道，航线CRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管CRZ Cruise 巡航CSD Constant Speed Drive 恒速传动装置CSDB Collins Serial Data Bus 柯林斯串行数据总线CSEU Control System Electronics Unit 控制（操纵）系通电子组件CSI Cycles Since Installed 安装后（以来）循环数CSM Current Service Messages 当前勤务信息CSN Cycles Since New 总循环数CSU Centralized Strapping Unit, Configuration Strapping Unit 中央搭（连）接组件，配置连接组件CT Control Transformer 控制变压器CT Current Transformer 电流互感器CTA Current Transformer Assembly 电流互感器组件CTD Column Timer Decoder 柱状定时解吗器CTL Control; COMM/NA V Tuning Unit 控制；通讯导航调谐组件CTR; ctr Contour; Center 轮廓；中央，中心CU Copper 铜CU Control Unit 控制组件CVR Cockpit V oice Recorder 驾驶舱话音记录器cw Clockwise 顺时针CW Continuous Wave 连续波CWS Control Wheel Steering 驾驶盘操纵CWS Caution and Warning System 警告和提示系统DDA Drift Angle 偏流角，偏航角DA（H）Decision Altitude（Height）决断高度D/A Digital to Analog 数字-模拟DAC Digital to Analog Converter 数-模转换器DADC Digital Air Data Computer 数字式大气数据计算机DADS Digital Air Data System 数字式大气数据系统DAP Digital Audio Playback 数字式音响播放DB, dB Decibel 分贝DBU Data Base Unit 数据库组件DC Direct Current 直流电D&C Delays & Cancellations (飞行)延误和取消DCP Display Control Panel 显示控制面板DCPC DC Power Center 直流电源中心DCPCS Digital Cabin Pressure Control System 数字式座舱压力调节系统DCTCU Direct Current Tie Control Unit 直流连接条控制组件DCU Data Concentrator Unit 数据集中组件DCV Directional Control Valve 方向控制活门D/D Direct Descent 直接下降DDG Dispatch Deviations Guide 放飞缺件指南DDM Difference in Depth of Modulation 调制深度差DECEL，decel Decelerate 减速Deg Degree 度DEFL Defuel 放油，抽油DEL Delete 删除DEMUX Demultiplexer 信号分离器Den Density 密度DEP Departure 离港，离开DEPR Depressurize 释压, 减压DEPT Departure 离港，离场DES Descent 下降DEST Destination 目的地DET Detector 探测器DEV Deviation 偏离，偏差，缺差DFDAU Digital Flight Data Acquisition Unit 数字式飞行数据采集组件DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder 数字式飞行数据记录器DFIS Designated Flight Instrument System 指定的飞行仪表系统DG Directional Gyro 方位陀螺DGAC Direction Generale I’Aviation Civile （法）民航总局DH Decision Height 决断高度dia Diameter 直径diag Diagonal 对角（线）的diag Diagram 图diam Diameter 直径DIFF，diff Difference, Differential 差，压差，差别的Dig, dig Digital 数字的Dim, dim Dimension 尺寸DIR，dir Direct; Direction 直接，直飞; 方向DISC Disconnect 脱开，断开DISCH Discharge 释放，放电，出口（气）DISEG, diseg Disengage 断开，脱开Disp disp Dispatch 派遣，放飞DIST Distance 距离DISTR, distr Distribution, or Distributor 分配，分配器DITS Digital Information Transfer System 数字信息转换系统Div, div Division 部分，一格，分隔DK Deck 舱DME Distance Measuring Equipment 测距机Dmax Maximum Diameter 最大直径Dmin Minimum Diameter 最小直径DN Down 下，向下，放下DNTKFX Down Track Fix 下航道（道）定位点DOT Department of Transport 运输部DP Differential Pressure 压差DPCT Differential Protection Current Transformer 差动保护电流互感器DPDT Double Pole Double Throw 双极双排（电门）DPI Differential Pressure Indicator 压差指示器，压差表DPST Double Pole Single Throw 双极单排（电门）DPL Detailed Parts List 详细零部件清单DPV Directional Pilot Valve 导流活门DR Dead Reckoning 推测领航DSDD Double Sided Double Density 双边双密度DSP Digital Signal Processor 数字式信号处理器DSP Display Select Panel 显示选择面板DSPL Display 显示，显示器DST Desktop Simulation Trainer 台式（计算机）模拟训练器DTG Distance To Go 待飞距离DTY dty Duty 负荷，负载，DU Display Unit 显示组件，显示器EEADI Electronic Attitude Director Indicator 电子姿态指引仪EAROM Electrically Alterable Read-only Memory 电可变只读存储器EAS Equivalent Airspeed 相应空速，等效空速EBS Engine Bleed System 发动机引气系统EBU Engine Build-up 发动机组装ECON，econ Economy 经济ECP EICAS Control Panel EICAS控制面板ECS Environmental Control System 环境控制系统ECU Electronic Control Unit 电子控制组件E/D End of Descent 下降结束，下降终点ED EICAS Display EICAS显示器ED1 EICAS Primary Display EICAS主显示器ED2 EICAS Secondary Display EICAS副显示器EDP Engine Driven Pump 发动机驱动泵EDU Electronic Display Unit 电子显示组件E/E Electrical/Electronic 电气/电子（设备）EEC Electronic Engine Control 电子发动机控制装置EED Engine Exceedance Data 发动机超限数据EFD Electronic Flight Display 电子飞行显示器EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory 电气可抹除可编程只读存储器EFH Engine Flight Hours 发动机飞行小时EFI Electronic Flight Instrument 电子飞行仪表EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System 电子飞行仪表系统EGT Exhaust Gas Temperature 排气温度EHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator 电子水平状态指示仪EHSV Electro Hydraulic Servo Valve 电子液压伺服活门EICAS Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System 发动机指示和机组警告系统EIS Entry into Service 投入使用EIU Engine Interface Unit 发动机接口组件EL Elevation 标高ELCU Electrical Load Control Unit 电气负荷控制组件Elec elec Electrical 电电气Elev elev Elevator 升降舵Elex elex Electronics 电子设备ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter 应急定位发射机ELEC Electrical 电气的，电的ELVE Elevator 升降舵EMER, EMG Emergency 应急EMF/emf Electromotive Force 电动势EMI Electromagnetic Interference 电磁干扰EMU Engine Maintenance Unit 发动机维护组件Enbl enbl Enable 接通, 导通，使。
石油钻井英语缩写及词汇
石油钻井英语缩写及词汇DC: drill collar钻铤DP: drill pipe钻杆HWDP: heavy weight drill pipe加重钻杆X/O: crossover转换接头CSG: casing 套管WOC: wait on cementing侯凝POOH: put out of hole起钻（trip out）短起：short tripRIH: run in hole下钻（trip in）R/U: rig up组装N/U: nipple up组装L/D: lay down甩钻具DD：directional driller：定向司钻（斯伦贝谢的员工）w/: withBOP: blowout preventer防喷器、封井器BHA: bottom hole assembly井底钻具OD: outside diameter外径ID: inside diameter内径IF: internal flush内平FH: full hole贯眼EU: external upset外加厚IU: internal upset内加厚WBM: water base mud水基泥浆OBM: oil base mud油基泥浆TIW: Texas Iron Works全开安全阀MW: mud weight泥浆密度SPP: standpipe pressure立管压力MWD: measure while drilling随钻测量CCL: casing collar log套管接箍测井GR: gamma ray伽马（测井）HTHP: high temperature & high pressure高温高压RPM: round per minute转速SPM: stroke per minute泥浆泵TD: total depth总井深MD: measured depth斜深TVD: true vertical depth垂深PPG: pound per gallonRKB: rotary kelly bushing方钻杆补心GL: ground level地表LCM: loss circulation materials堵漏剂P/U: pick up上提WOB: weight on bit钻压VISC: viscosity泥浆粘度N/D: nipple down拆卸R/D: rig down拆卸SX: sacks袋、包BBL: barrel桶B/U: bottom up循环一周M/U: make up组装LB: poundPSI: pound per square inchESD: emergency shutdown紧急关停装置ROP: rate of penetration进尺速度（机械钻速）ESP：emergency response plan应急响应预案Isolation valve高低压闸门Swab 凡尔提（泥浆泵配件）Hub方卡瓦Bail 吊环Air hoist气葫芦Chain hoist手拉葫芦、倒链V-door (pipe ramp) 斜坡Flowline泥浆天槽Gas buster / poor boy液气分离器Slug pit配浆罐（配药罐）Trip nipple旋转头喇叭口Rotating head旋转头Chickson 活动弯头Trailer/container/cabin/quarter room住井房/生活区Trash pump排污泵Flare pit放喷池/点火池/防火墙pup joint：短节重晶石：bariteWear bushing：防磨套膨润土：gelCasing tally：套管数据Float shoe：浮鞋Float collar：浮匝Protector：护丝WDC：wait on cement：候凝Measure out of hole：校对井深surface casing：表层套管intermediate casing：技术套管production casing：生产套管方瓦：hub卡瓦：slip碳酸钙：calcium carbonate环形防喷器：annular 半封：pipe ram全封：blind ram Drift ：通径（vt）Gauge ring：通径规Resistivity：电阻套压：casing pressure油（管）压：tubing pressure XJH：须家河地层KOP：kick-off point：造斜点。
ICAO英语考试总结
1准备ICAO英语考试时总结了不少，在此把总结的内容上传分享一下。
手打难免错漏，请见谅，我只是一名刚毕业的飞行学员关于专业知识理解不到位之处还请帮忙纠正2考的是语言能力不需要很专业因为考官本身也不是专业的飞行员只要有一些关于飞行的普遍认知就好有一定的专业知识就好3做最充足的准备应对考试应该是得心应手的考试的听力比较清晰而且比平时自己训练的听力简单语速较慢并且没有BACKGROUND WHISTLE4这个是英语学习所以多听多说才是硬道理就应试而言多听录音多听陆空通话就提高语言能力而言多看美剧多模仿多听英文歌多开口说纠正发音语气断句等5前三部分只有自己练习第四部分可以外力帮助提高更快6只是本人一些愚见不足为据啊7祝逢考必过下面的大多都是针对第四部分OPI（oral proficiency interview）OPI包含5个部分：1 warm up 2 level check 3 probe 4 picture describe 5 wrap up一）vocabulary (最后附有各个系统专业词汇)对于一些比较常见专业单词词组的归纳三个应答机特殊编码：编码自己查不便说。
从小到大分别是hijack , radio failure , distress conditionsPAN PAN和MAYDAY的区别：PANPAN：need assistance timely urgency situationMAYDAY：need assistance immediately distress situation乘务员flight/cabin attendant 驾驶舱职权梯度cockpit authority gradient机库hangar 接通/断开自驾engage/disengage AP地形terrain 人因human factors活物牲畜livestock 绕飞detour界面交界处interface 修改modify amend试车engine runup 烂泥slush减速妨碍retard 积累accumulation湿度humidity 降雨量precipitation气喘asthma 腹泻diarrhea调度签派dispatch 信号员marshaller开往驶往Bound for 放油fuel dump jettison预期anticipate 污染contaminate外形configuration 致命的fatal分院branch flight college 炸药dynamite手榴弹grenade 恢复revertHuman error chain: people makes mistake, and accident happens. one mistake leads to another to another to another which leads to an accidentIRS: inertial reference system 惯性基准系统干预interfere 配件附件accessory气动的pneumatic 有形的具体的concrete临界的marginal 连续touch and go起落Traffic circuit 补充replenish全停full stop 物质物品substance拉紧绷紧strain 踝关节ankle 肘部elbow对正跑道align the runway POB: people onboard改装训练transition training 劫机犯hijacker陆空对话radiotelephony communication前轮转弯机构nose wheel steering 执行execute 疏散evacuation 机长的四条杠的含义：1 flying skill 2 knowledge 3 profession 4 responsibility提供饮食及服务cater（主要在地面装载时会用到）RNP----required navigation performance 所需导航性能RDH----threshold height 跑道入口高度二）几个主要系统组成及功用1 LANDING GEAR SYSTEM很多图是关于重着陆，事故以及事故症候的，事故大多数的情况都包含有起落架的一些情况，damaged，unable to extend, tires blow-out, smoke from main gear等情况，所以遇到这一类型的图就可以引申出对于LANDING GEAR SYSTEM的问题来考验对系统的认知。
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Change in ASMs (Millions) Region Europe 611 Asia Pacific 545 Europe Middle-East Africa 419 US-Europe 295 Middle-East Africa 247 Asia Middle-East Africa 234 Europe Asia Pacific 233 Europe-India 144 India Domestic 118 US Middle-East Africa 85 USA-India 55 India - Middle-East Africa 49 Europe Canada 44 Canada Domestic 41 Mexico Domestic 33 Latin America 29 US-Canada 25 US-Asia-Pacific 18 Europe Caribbean 12 Asia Canada 11 US-Latin America 10
Growing
Change as % of 2005 ASMs 7% 5% 11% 6% 12% 19% 6% 29% 34% 27% 9999% 14% 5% 6% 9% 2% 5% 1% 2% 2% 1%
ShrinkΒιβλιοθήκη ngRegion India-Canada USA-Mexico US-Caribbean Europe Latin America Domestic US
Spot U.S. Jet Fuel Prices
5 Year Historic and 3 Year Trend
500
$4.40
400 Cents per Gallon 300 200 100 0 1 23 45 67 89 111 133 155 177 199 221 243 265 287 309 331 353 375 397 419 441 463 Week Number, 1/1/01 = No. 1
Capacity Gainers and Losers
Change in Weekly ASMs (Millions) CR Name from '05 % Change Emirates Airlines 254 28% Southwest Airlines 172 10% Continental Airlines 144 8% Turkish Airlines 116 31% United Airlines 110 4% Air China 108 13% Ryanair 107 22% China Southern Airlines 95 11% TAM Linhas Aereas 89 28% Gol Transportes Aereos 88 77% Qatar Airways 87 30% Virgin Atlantic Airways 86 18% Air France 83 5% Qantas Airways 81 6% China Eastern Airlines 77 11% AirTran Airways 75 27% Jet Airways India 71 48%
Cabin Pressure
Scott Gillespie Vice President & General Manager Travel Analytics TRX
Today’s Agenda
• Airline Costs, Capacities and Fare Prices • Framing the CFO Discussion • Thoughts Going Forward
Scott Gillespie’s Background
• TRX’s Vice President and General Manager, Travel Analytics • Previously Founder and CEO of Travel Analytics, Inc.
– Developed TANGO® and BRAVO® for airline sourcing projects – Analyzed in excess of $20 Billion of corporate air spend – Recipient of ACTE’s Industry Professionalism and Distinguished Fellow honors – Named by Business Travel News as one of the travel industry’s most influential executives
Carrier Name American Airlines United Airlines Delta Air Lines Continental Airlines British Airways Lufthansa German Airlines Southwest Airlines Air France Northwest Airlines US Airways Singapore Airlines Qantas Airways Air Canada Japan Airlines Emirates Airlines All Nippon Airways Cathay Pacific Airways KLM-Royal Dutch Airlines
ABB Agilent Bank of America Baxter Coca-Cola Chevron Dell Computer Deloitte John Deere Ernst & Young Ford Hewlett-Packard IBM KPMG Lockheed Martin Microsoft Procter & Gamble Nortel Networks Novartis PricewaterhouseCoopers Roche Shell Tyco WPP
Note: Assumes average jet engine fuel economy of 63 ASMs per gallon and 75% load factors
In Late 2005 The U.S. Government Forecasted A Much Lower Cost
Spot U.S. Jet Fuel Prices
5 Year Historic and 3 Year Trend
500
$4.40
Cents per Gallon
400 300 200
$1.33
100 0 1 6-06 6-07 6-08 6-09
23 45 67 89 111 133 155 177 199 221 243 265 287 309 331 353 375 397 419 441 463 Week Number, 1/1/01 = No. 1
Change in ASMs (Millions) (12) (12) (15) (46) (122)
Change as % of 2005 ASMs -100% -3% -4% -3% -1%
Transatlantic Capacity grew 6%, while Transpacific grew 1%
• Previously A.T. Kearney’s global expert in strategic sourcing of travel suppliers • MBA, University of Chicago
Learnings From Past and Current Clients
US-based Carriers:
• Contributed 18% of the net new global capacity • Accounted for 39% of net lost global capacity • Gains and losses were NOT distributed evenly
What If Jet Fuel Hits $4.40 per Gallon?
• • • • • • Adds $23 on DFW-Houston roundtrip Adds $86 on DFW-Chicago roundtrip Adds $167 on DFW-Boston roundtrip Adds $509 on DFW-London roundtrip Adds $749 on DFW-Beijing roundtrip Adds enormous problems for all of us
Where Is The Airline Capacity Going?
• Worldwide capacity grew by 3,076 MASMs (+4.9%) • US Domestic capacity shrank by 122 MASMS (-0.9%) • US International capacity grew by 460 MASMs (+4.1%)
Change in Weekly ASMs (Millions) CR Name from '05 % Change American Airlines (21) -1% Hapagfly (23) -9% South African Airways (36) -8% US Airways (60) -3% ATA Airlines (67) -41% Malaysia Airlines (89) -12% Northwest Airlines (151) -8% Japan Airlines (172) -13% Delta Air Lines (204) -7% Varig S.A. (367) -83%