八年级英语下册第四课单词详解
初中英语课堂笔记八年级下册 Unit 4
初中英语课堂笔记八年级下册Unit 4重点短语a big deal重要的事after-school classes课外活动课all the time一直allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事be angry with sb. 生某人的气be oneself做自己call sb. up打电话给某人compete with sb. 与某人竞争copy one's homework抄袭某人的作业cut out删除family membersfight a lot经常吵架/打架get better grades取得更好的成绩get enough sleep有足够的睡眠get into a fight with sb与某人吵架/打架give one's opinion提出某人的观点give sb. pressure给某人施压hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛hang over笼罩have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架have free time有空闲时间in future 今后in the future 在未来learn exam skills学习应试技巧look through翻看make sb. angry使某人生气mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事so that以便so... that... 如此……以至于……spend time alone独自消磨时光study too much学得过多talk to sb. 与某人交谈too many rules 太多规则too much homework 太多作业work out成功地发展;解决worry about sth. 担心某事write to sb. =write sb. a letter 给某人写信词法精选1．borrow my things without returning them借我的东西不归还witho ut 是with的反义词，意为“没有”，后接名词、代词或动名词。
Unit4单词讲解牛津译林版八年级英语下册
1.reado解释：阅读，读懂o固定搭配：read a book 读书o例句：I like to read books in my free time. 我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
2.cookingo解释：烹饪，烹调o固定搭配：cooking skills 烹饪技巧o例句：She enjoys cooking Italian food. 她喜欢烹饪意大利菜。
3.novelo解释：小说o固定搭配：a novel about love 关于爱情的小说o例句：I'm writing a new novel set in the 19th century. 我正在写一部以19世纪为背景的新小说。
4.Germanyo解释：德国o固定搭配：the capital of Germany 德国的首都o例句：Berlin is the capital of Germany. 柏林是德国的首都。
5.knowledgeo解释：知识o固定搭配：acquire knowledge 获取知识o例句：Education is the key to acquiring knowledge. 教育是获取知识的关键。
6.spareo解释：空闲的；多余的o固定搭配：spare time 空闲时间o例句：Do you have any spare time for a coffee? 你有空喝杯咖啡吗？7.Frencho解释：法国（人）的o固定搭配：French fries 炸薯条o例句：I enjoy eating French fries with my burger. 我喜欢在吃汉堡时配炸薯条。
8.writero解释：作者，作家o固定搭配：a famous writer 著名作家o例句：She is a highly respected writer in the literary world. 她在文学界是一位备受尊敬的作家。
(完整版)最新人教版八年级下册unit4单词讲解
Unit4 词汇解析1.allow: v.允许；准许allow doing sth 允许做某事如：We don’t allow eating in the classroom.我们不允许在教室里吃饭。
allow sb to do sth 准许某人干某事如：My parents don’t allow me go out at night.我父母不允许我晚上外出。
be allowed to do sth 被允许干某事如：I am allowed to go out at night.我被允许在晚上外出2.wrong adj.错误的；有毛病的同义词：false 反义词： true ; right 正确的3.get on 相处；上车 get on/along with sb 与某人相处 get on /along well with sb 与某人相处得好4.argue v.争吵；争论 argument n.争论 argue with sb 与某人争论 argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事5.nervous adj.紧张的；担忧的；忧虑的同义词：worried； anxious [æŋkʃəs ]municate v.交流名词形式：communication 交流 communicate with sb 与某人交流7.cloud n. 云朵 cloudy adj. 多云的8.区别 instead 与instead of ：instead 代替;替代；反而。
作副词用，通常位于句尾。
位于句首时常用逗号与后面阁开。
instead 在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而”讲。
如：she didn't answer me, instead, she asked me another question. 她没有回答我，反而问了我另外一个问题。
instead of是介宾短语，其意与instead相同，不同之处在于它后面+名词/代词/动名词/介词短语作宾语。
八年级下unit 4知识点总结
Unit 4 知识点总结一、重点单词和短语（key words and important phrases ）黑体单词要求必须背过。
***特别记忆：hide—hid—hiden（隐藏；躲藏）sell—sold—sold（卖，出售）steal—stole—stolen（偷盗，窃取）little（少）—less（较少，更少）—least（最少）***短语：（注：括号里的为例句，希望您能把它记住，会用）depend on 依靠，依赖，取决于，根据（Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.）pass on 传播，前进（People pass on thier knoeledge by telling stories.）by hand 手工，用手（They write each word by hand.）keep on 继续（No matter what you have, keep on reading.）in seconds 在很短的时间内（People are able to connect and share information in seconds .）far away 遥远（His village is far away from the railways.）aside from 除此之外（Aside from her nose,she is a petty girl.）take up 占据，占用，开始从事（The Internet can be a uesfull tool,but don’t let it take up all of your time.）set up a time 约个时间（They have set up a time to meet again.）二、结构和句型1、use sth. to do sth. 用某物去做......eg: I like to use the Internet to read about sports and technology.2、chat with sb.和某人聊天eg: I like chatting with my friends online.3、plan to do sth.计划做某事eg:We are planning to organize a Donut Club.4、decide to do sth.决定做某事eg:I decided to do all of my research on the Internet.5、one of +the +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数“最......之一”eg:It’s one of the biggest holidays in many countries.6、It is + 形容词+ for sb. to do sth. “某人做......是.......的”eg：It is also possible for common people to read books.7、Sb. pays (sb.) money for sth. 某人为某物付（某人）多少钱Sth. cost (sb.) some money 某物花费某人多少钱Sb. spends some time /money in doing sth. 某人花费多少钱/时间做某事on sth某人在某事上花费了多少钱/时间做It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人一些时间8、realize one’s dream=make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想eg:I want to help my grandma realize her dream.=I want to make my grandma’s dream come true.9、sb.be surprised to do sth. 某人对做某事感到惊奇at sth. 某人对某物感到惊奇to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是......sth. is surprising 某物令人感到惊奇（注：surprise 、interest、excite、amaze的用法一样，修饰人用以-ed结尾的形容词，修饰物用以-ing结尾的形容词）eg: I am very surprised to see you here.eg: I am very surprised at her success.eg: To my surprise the door is open.10、forget to do sth. 忘记做某事eg: Don’t forget to finish your homework on time.11. too much “太多的”修饰不可数名词too many “太多的”修饰可数名词复数形式much too “太多”修饰形容词或副词eg: He is much too fat because he eats too much meat and too mant sweets（糖果）every day.12. prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事prefer dong to doing 喜欢......胜过......prefer to do rather than（to）do宁愿做.....而不愿做.....eg:I prefer to stay at home.eg:He prefers swimming to sking.eg:He prefered to die rather than steal.三、“互联网的利弊”范文（背过）Advantages and Disadvantages of the InternetInternet is now coming into our life. It brings us not only a lot of convenience, happiness but also troubles. Some of the advantages are truly wonderful.In many ways it makes life easier and simpler.It helps us get things done more quickly.It opens up the world to us.And if a friend lives far away,the Internet makes it easy to stay in touch.On the other hand,some of the disadvantages can become real problems if we don’t take care.Spending too much time online is harmful to people’s health. It may even cause them to be less social with their family and friends.Aside from that ,some people attack the web or use the Internet to steal other’s personal information even baking information.It's very dangerous!The Internet's advantages and disadvantages are shown clearly to us. I think we should make good use of it and stay away from its disadvantages.。
鲁教版英语(五四制)八年级下册_Unit4_Section_A_课文重难点讲解
Unit4 Section A 课文重难点讲解1. by asking the teacher for help 通过向老师求助。
（课本第1页1a）by 介词，通过，靠。
表示方法、手段，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
I memorize the new words by reading the text. 我通过读课文来记忆新单词。
拓展：◆by的用法：(1)by doing sth 通过…方式by studying with a group【注】介词短语作方式状语，回答以How开头的问句，表示“怎样做”。
①I study English by _____(listen) to the tapes②Tom learns Chinese by ______(watch) Chinese movies.③—____ did you get there? —By ___ a taxi.A. How; takingB. How; takeC. How; tookD. What; taking(2) by+ 交通工具（交通工具前不能加限定词）by bike by train【by短语】by the way 顺便问一下by accident= by chance 偶然地by mistake 错误地one by one 一个接一个step by step 一步一步地little by little 逐渐地by the time 到……为止by oneself 独自地by and by 不久之后by hand 用手by the end of 到….... 末尾2. How do you study for a test？你如何为考试而学习？（课文第1页1c）(1) How引导的特殊疑问句用来询问“方式”。
—How did you catch a cold？你是怎么感冒的？—By staying in the rain.；淋雨得的。
八年级英语下册Lesson4教材内容详解冀教版
Lesson 4：Sun Is Rising太阳在升起◆课文英汉对照Sun is rising,太阳在升起，Spring is ing,春天来了，Snow is melting,雪在融化，e with me.跟我来吧。
Climb the hillside,爬上山丘，Weather is warming,天气变暖，Wind blows gentlyThrough the trees.风轻轻地吹过树林。
One by oneThe flowers blossom, 花一朵一朵地绽放，Enjoy them one by one. 一个一个地欣赏着它们。
Sun is rising,太阳在升起，Spring is ing,春天来了，See it bringThe season’s change.看它带来了季节的变化。
LET’S DO IT!In a group of three, read the song aloud as a poem. Each of you should read one part.三人一组，把这首歌当作一首诗大声地朗读，你们每个人应当读一段。
How do you know when spring is ing? Talk with your partner about things like air, flowers and birds in spring.你怎么知道春天要来了？和你的同伴谈论一下这些事情，像春天的空气、花儿和鸟儿。
◆重点难点详解1. Spring is ing 春天来了，这个句子是用现在进行时态代替将来时。
在英语中，像这样可用进行时代替将来时的移动性动词有：e, leave, go, start, begin, fly等。
●My father is flying to Benjing tomorrow. 明天我的父亲要飞往。
●The train is ing. 火车就要到了。
八下第四课 单词
['si:njə] ['influəns] [ri'tə:n] ['həʊm'taʊn] ['ɡri:npi:s] [I'mə:dʒənsi] ['deindʒə]
Unit 4 spelling
mad [mæ d] adj.很生气的；气愤的 anymore ['enimɔː] adv.再也（不）,（不）再 direct speech [di'rekt,spi:tʃ] 直接引语 reported speech [ri'pɔ:tid] 间接引语 first of all 首先 message ['mesidʒ] n.消息;信息 pass on 传递 supposed [sə'pəʊzd] v.假定;认为;期望 be supposed to 被期望或被要求…… hard-working adj.勤勉的，努力工作的
senior high school ['si:njə] 高中 Open up 打开 start n. 开始;开端 influence ['influəns] n.影响 return [ri'tə:n] v.回来；返回 hometown ['həʊm'taʊn] n.家乡;故乡 Greenpeace ['ɡri:npi:s] “绿色和平”组织 care for 照料；照顾 UNICEF(United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) [I'mə:dʒənsi] 联合国儿童基金会 WWF(World Wildlife Fund) ['waɪld'laɪf] 世界野生动物基金会 danger ['deindʒə] n.危险
初中英语 Unit4词汇讲解课件人教版八年级下学期
adj. 典型的 n. 种类，典型 adj. 典型的
25 continue
con tinu e
(with)和;一起 (keep) 保持 继续保持在一起
v. 持续； 继续存在
The rain continued for three days. =go on
5
05 deal
(1) 可数名词：协议；交易 make/do a deal (with…) （与……）达成协议 Tom made a deal with his mother on chores. (2)动词：对付；对待
deal with 应对；处理 = do with
Some deal with worries.
请查看你的笔记以确保正确。
拓展
look up look for look around
look over look after look down on
look out look like look up to
4
04 guess
v. 猜测；估计
其后可接名词、代词或从句。 Try to guess the meaning of this new word.
25
competitive
adj. 竞争的
competitio n
n.比赛 competitor
competition with… 和……竞争 competition for…
n.参赛者
为……竞争
compete with… 和……竞争
23 compete
compete for… 为……竞争
例句：
compet e
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
单词解析1．report /ri'pɔ:t/v．报告，汇报【考点】report＋doing: The boy reported seeing UFOs.那男孩报告说他看到了飞碟。
report＋to do: He was reported to have broken the world record.据报道，他打破了世界记录。
report for: He reports for CCTV.他是中央电视台的记者。
make a report做报告。
report sth. /sb．to sb．: I'll report your laziness to your parents.我要把你的懒惰报告给你父母。
【引申】report card学生成绩单；weather report天气预报；reporter记者。
2．mad /mæd/adj．①神经错乱的；②着迷的，疯狂的【考点】mad with joy /anger欣喜若狂／气得发疯；mad about热衷于：He is mad about music.他热衷于音乐。
He is quite mad about her.他疯狂地爱上了她。
be /get mad at /with sth. /sb.对某事、某人生气，恼火：Mother got mad at me for watching TV for hours.母亲因为我看了好几个小时的电视而恼火。
【引申】a mad dog一只患狂犬病的狗。
3．anymore /'enimɔ:/adv．再，更，还4．however /haʊ'evə(r)/adv．无论如何conj．然而，依然【记忆法】how＋ever。
【考点】辨析but和however的用法：两词意义相同，但however是较正式的说法，可置于句首、句末和句中，而but只置于句首。
5．pass /pæs /pɑːs/v．①传递：Please pass me the bottle.请把瓶子递给我。
②通过：The shippassed the channel.船驶过海峡。
③经过，路过：The train passed through the station without even slowing down.那列车没减速就通过了车站。
④使及格，通过：She passed the examination easily.她很容易就通过了考试。
【考点】pass by经过：On my way to school, I pass by the post office every day.我每天上学都路过邮局。
6．message /'mesɪdʒ/n．消息，信息，口信【记忆法】mess＋age。
【考点】take a message for…给某人捎口信；leave a message for sb.给某人留个口信；send a message to sb.带个口信给某人：Can you send a message to my parents？你能给我父母带个口信吗？【引申】同义词：note, letter。
messager使者，送信人，邮差。
7．response /rɪ'spɑns/n．①回答，答复：She made no response.她没有回答。
②反应，响应【引申】respond /ri5spCnd /v.回答；反应。
8．suppose /sə'pəʊz/v．猜想，料想：I suppose that you are right.我想你是对的。
【考点】be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求做某事：They were supposed to be here an hourago.他们应该在一小时以前到达这里。
9．hard-working /ˌhɑːdˈwɜː.kɪŋ/adj．尽心尽力的，努力工作的10．better / 'betə/adj．①较好的，更好的；②病好一些，身体好一些【考点】had better(do)最好（做）：You had better go right now.你最好马上离开。
【引申】反义词：worse。
for better or for worse不论是好是歹，祸福同当（源自结婚典礼时的誓词）。
11．well /wel/adj．(better, best)（身体）好：I don't feel very well.我觉得不太舒服。
adv．①好地，令人满意地；②完全地，充分地：It's well worth trying.这很值得一试。
n．（水）井：sink a well挖井；an oil well油井interj.（表示同意，惊讶）好，那么，哎呀：Well, I don't think so.嗯，我不这么认为。
【考点】as well也，又，同样地：He was not only a great writer but a great thinker as well.他不仅是一位伟大的作家，而且也是一位伟大的思想家。
as well as不但……而且……：She speaks English as well as Spanish and French.她不但会讲英语还会讲西班牙语和法语。
do well in擅长：He does very well in English.他擅长英语。
【引申】well-known adj．著名的。
反义词：badly。
12．average /'ævərɪdʒ/adj．& n.平均数【考点】on(an /the)average平均，按平均数计算：This car runs 15 kilometers per liter on the average.这辆车平均每公升（汽油）跑15公里。
13．nervous /'nɜrvəs /'nɜːvəs/'nə:vəs/adj．①神经的；②神经紧张的【考点】习惯搭配：be /feel nervous about /at sth.因某事而紧张不安。
14．envelope /'envələʊp/n．信封，纸袋，封皮【引申】a pay envelope薪水袋。
15．lucky /'lʌkɪ/adj．有好运的，幸运的：It's my lucky day.今天我很走运。
【记忆法】luck＋y构成形容词形式。
【引申】反义词：unlucky。
副词：luckily幸运地。
16．copy / 'kɒpɪ/n．（书报等的）一本，一份：If you cannot afford a new copy of the book, perhapsyou can find a secondhand copy.如果你买不起新的，或许你可以找得到一本旧的。
v．抄写，誊写，复制：copy down记下来【引申】copyright著作权，版权。
17．village /'vɪlɪdʒ/n．村庄，乡村：village life乡村生活【记忆法】vill＋age。
【引申】villager村民。
18．graduate / 'grædʒʊət/'grædjueit/v．（自大学）毕业，获学位n．毕业生：a graduate student研究生【考点】graduate from从……毕业：They graduated from high school last year.他们去年高中毕业。
19．volunteer /‚vɑlən'tɪr /‚vɒlən'tɪə/n．志愿者v．自愿地或无偿地给予或提供（帮助、建议等）20．program / 'prəʊgræm/（也作programme）n．①节目；②工作计划，活动安排，行动方案v．编排节目，计划，安排21．experience /ɪk'spɪərɪəns/n．①经验：We all learn by experience.我们都从经验中学习。
②经历【考点】experience作“经验”之意时为不可数名词，而作“经历”之意时为可数名词：He has told us a lot of experiences in Africa.他给我们讲述了许多他在非洲的经历。
【引申】同义词：knowledge, event。
22．level /'levl/n．①水平线，水平面：The water rose until it was on a level with the river bank.河水涨至与河岸相平的高度。
②级别，水平23．simple /'sɪmpl/adj．①简单的，容易的：Write an article in simple English.用简单英语写一篇文章。
②朴素的，简朴的：a simple life朴实的生活【引申】反义词：difficult。
simple-minded纯朴的，头脑简单的。
24．dormitory / 'dɔːmɪtrɪ/n．宿舍25．influence /'ɪnflʊəns/n．& v．影响Unit 4易混词语辨析1. begin; startbegin 表示“开始”，其内涵是“使处于进程中”。
例如：Knowledge begins with practice. 知识从实践开始。
start 表示“开始”，其内涵是“起程”。
例如：The meeting began last week. 那次会议是上星期开始的。
会议是个过程，在这个意义上用begin 恰当。
再如：A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。
所包含的意义是“起步”，所以用start 恰当。
2. influence; affectinfluence和affect这两词的一般含义为“使人或能作出反应的物产生或受到影响”。
influence 所表示的影响包含着“力量”，有时它包含着“诱使”的意思。
例如：No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. 谁也不能避免受到广告的影响。
affect 的宾语是物时，它包含着足以引起反应的刺激，有时包含一定的改变。
例如：The slight change of weather can affect her health. 天气稍有变化就会影响她的身体。