＜长句难句精讲精练＞讲义
中考英语长句难句分析之句子结构
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原则上，只要“含义相似，结构相同”的东西都
能并列。读句子时要注意意识到是谁和谁并列。
形容词并列：Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and
knowledgeable English teacher.
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从句
定义：由引导词引导的主谓结构 结构：引导词+主语+谓语+宾语， 引导词：that/ who/ whom/ why/ when/ where/ which/ how/ if/ although …
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从句
【起始标识】从句一定从引导词开始（有时可省 略），但有以下四种终止标识： 1.到句尾终止： Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English). 2.到逗号终止： (When I was young), I listened to the radio.
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把握英语句子，关键在于把握 “较长修饰成分”
1.介词短语 2.从句 3.非谓语动词
英语中的三种较长修饰成分
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介词短语
定义：从介词开始到名词结束，表达一个独
立的完整的含义的结构
结构：从介词开始到名词结束
at home; in the school beyond my wildest imagination during my happy childhood over the last few years
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介词短语
例句： After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.
[全]中考英语-阅读理解真题精讲,长难句分析
![[全]中考英语-阅读理解真题精讲,长难句分析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/71228296336c1eb91b375d20.png)
中考英语-阅读理解精讲，长难句分析第1句From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, his mother would point to his hand which had been hurt before.长句分析：（1）首先寻找连词，例句中涉及到的连词有when, what和which；（2）when引导的是时间状语从句，该从句中，he 是主语，wanted是谓语动词，后面的what引导了宾语从句，充当wanted的宾语；（3）在what引导的宾语从句中，what充当谓语动词have的宾语；（4）His mother 是主句主语，would point to 是谓语动词，his hand是宾语；主句时态是过去将来时；（5）在主句中，Which 引导了定语从句，修饰先行词hand ，Which充当此定语从句的主语。
定语从句的时态是过去完成时的被动语态,由had been done 构成;重点词汇&语法解析：（1）from then on：从那时起；（2）point to: 指向，指明；（3）过去将来时：表示过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或者状态，由would + 动词原形构成；（4）过去完成时：表示过去的过去发生的动作，对过去的影响，由had done 构成，被动语态had been done长句翻译：从那时起，当他想要不该有的东西时，他的母亲会指着他以前受伤的手。
第2句：What is more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create the first impression in about three seconds .长句分析：（1）首先寻找连接词，本句中出现了what 和that;（2）what 引导了一个主语从句，that引导的是表语从句，interesting 和that 之间的is 是主干句的系动词；（3）what在其引导的主语从句中充当主语的成分；（4）that引导的表语从句中,the brain 是主语，takes in 是谓语，information 是宾语，to create the first impression 是动词不定式短语做目的状语，in about three seconds是时间状语重点词汇&语法解析：（1）take in : 接纳,接待;吸收,汲取;（2）information : 信息，注意是不可数名词；（3）impression：印象，first impression 第一印象（4）that在其引导的表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只是起到了连接的作用，但不可以省略（和主语从句类似）；长句翻译：更有趣的是，大脑在大约3秒钟内吸收所有的信息来产生第一印象。
初中英语阅读理解之长句难句分析讲义-从句
初中英语阅读理解之长句难句分析讲义——从句I arrived in London on a foggy day, to go to a very important meeting. The place①where the meeting was going to be hel d was on the other side of the town. All traffic came to a stop②because the drivers were not able to see more than a yard in front of them. The meeting would begin at 9:00, so I decided to go there on foot.Minutes later, I was completely lost. I stood there and though t③that I would have to phone to the meeting to explain④that I was not able to arrive there on time. Then I heard a young man’s voice coming out of the fog, “I suppose⑤you are lost. Can I help you?” I was very glad to have a ma n ⑥who could take me to the meeting. Afterward I told him⑦where I wanted to go, took his arm, and we started. We walked quite fast, turning corners and crossing roads.⑧As I followed him through the dark streets, I wondered⑨why he found his way so easily. “I know this part of London quite well,” he said.“But in such a fog it’s impossible to see anything,” I said.“I am blind, sir.” he answered, “In the fog, it is exactly the same for me as usual.”在英语语法中，按照句子结构，英语句子主要可以分为三种类型：简单句、并列句和复合句。
长难句分析讲义 高三英语一轮复习
长难句分析：从句！从句！从句！原句The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.（2023年新高考I卷阅读理解D篇）在这个40字的句子里，我们会看到表语/宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句三种主要的从句类型，你需要理解的就是每个从句在补充句意方面发挥的作用。
首先完成断句的工作。
在关系词的位置断开，应该是各位同学非常熟悉的常规动作了。
The key finding of the study was 主句不完整that 从句一关系词when crowds were further divided into smaller groups从句二完整that were allowed to have a discussion,从句三不完整the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.从句一内容完整严格按照“在从句关系词前面断开”的原则断句后，你会发现全句最特殊的，就是“… that when …”这个位置了。
两个关系词为什么会叠加在一起？实际上把几部分拆开后，你就会发现在第一个that之后，插入了when和that引导的另外两个从句，然后才是第一个that的具体内容。
也许这样的结构略显复杂，但是只要各位坚持“在从句关系词前面断开”这个基本原则，句子结构其实是很清晰的。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(281-282)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.2.In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.二、长难句翻译解析1.The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.整句话最核心的内部逻辑就是句子中间的并列逻辑“and then 然后”，用于表示前后连续的动作顺序。
“and then”之后的内容是非谓语动词“to teach”，所以必然与前面部分中的某个to do 形成并列。
大学英语长句难句翻译解析
大学英语长句难句翻译解析在大学英语教学中，句子难懂的原因是多种多样的。
不仅在于句法上的差异，而且还存在形形色色的难点。
体现难点的语法现象紧密交织，具有许多不同于汉语语法的特点，本文拟从英语句子结构特点对各类难句加以归纳分析，力求通过典型例句的翻译分析，探讨各类难点的特殊性和普遍性。
关键词：大学英语长句翻译一、含有分词（短语）的句子分词不但是用得最多的非谓语动词，而且它的结构形式极为复杂，既有主动被动之分，又有一般形式和完成形式且有时带别的分词和从句，不定式或动名词，这样就形成较长的分词短语，因而成为翻译中的难点。
例 1The time that elapses between a wave’s transmission and return, multiplied by the speed of the wave, gives the distance traveled.难点：定语从句that....return和过去分词短语multiplied...wave都修饰time译文：无线电波发射和返回之间消耗的时间乘上波速就是波传输的距离。
例 2The earliest researchers into heat learned by experimenting with gases, watching now differences in temperature made them change.难点：作方式状语的现在分词短语watching...change 包含宾语从句how...change译文：最早研究热的学者用气体做实验，观察温差如何使气体发生变化而进行研究。
例 3For example, lectures are often televised, enabling students to hear and see the lecturer without all being crowded into a single lecture hall.难点：分词短语enabling...lecturer,同时又出现了介词短语without...hall译文：例如，经常用电视转播讲课，使学生们用不着挤在一间课堂里也能听到和看到老师讲课。
2025届高考英语一轮复习长难句分析2讲义
高考英语长难句分析2--能力提升140分以上Successive government have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer.词汇补充successive /səkˈsɛsɪv/ adj. following one after the other in a series, without interruption. 连续的，接连的。
如例句: The team won three successiv e championships.该团队连续赢得了三次冠军。
以下是我们考试中常见的同义词，这组词都有“连续的”的意思，其区别是： continuous 语意最强，强调在时间和空间上没有间断。
constant多指习惯性的重复和不变的持续。
continual强调重复或持续发生，但连续之间允许有间断。
persistent普通用词，可指不懈的努力，也可指任何连续不断或重复出现的事物。
successive 强调事物一个接一个地发生，无间断。
permit /pəˈmɪt/ v. to give permission or allow something to happen. 允许，准许。
如例句:They permitted us to use the facilities.他们允许我们使用这些设施。
我们考试中常用短语搭配有:permit someone to do something 允许某人做某事；用于表示合法或正式允许某人或某事的情形。
如例句: The university permits students to access the library resources remotely to facilitate their research work.大学允许学生远程访问图书馆资源，以方便他们的研究工作。
英语长句难句英语难句长句详细解析
翻译一本通：难句解析1. . （难度系数5，下同）译文：那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。
【英语长句难句】难句类型：倒装、省略a.本句的正常语序应当是：.但是因为主语之后的以引导的修饰它的定语从句，如果按照以上语序，则有头重脚轻之感。
所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语之后。
b.在引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处在的第一个宾语中，是修饰的定语从句，但是，因为在从句中作的宾语，所以引导词可以省略。
第二处省略是在第二个之前，省略了与前面一样的成分. 在此表示后面的成分作为前面“最大化一个个体的后代的数目的”结果。
意群训练：.2. （）A a a a .(5)复杂+倒装+省略;（这是一种）照亮现实的欲望，此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望，后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。
解释：本句子的难度在一切、包括考试中所出现的难句中堪称登峰造极，可以确定地讲，类似此句子的难度的语言，在计算机考试的现场绝无可能出现。
如果对此句话不感兴趣，可以把其废掉不读。
A、这句话读起来别扭的第一个原因，是因为它根本就不是一个句子。
句首省略了。
这种用一个词代替一个句子的方式如果在书面语中出现，只能出现在高级英语中，因此我们以前的英语学习中从未遇到过。
其形式类似于我们中文的“精彩”是“这句话真是精彩”的省略形式。
B、后跟着两个大的修饰成分，一个是 a ，其中的a 是被倒装到了之后，正常应是a .不过这个便装部分与距离不远，读者看得还算懂。
关键是第二个修饰成分。
注意：从开始直到句尾结束的长长的定语从句不是修饰其前的的，而是修饰一开始的的。
C、第二个修饰成分中又来了一个倒装，由于作者为了强调,所以将其提前，引发了定语从句中的倒装：正常语序应该是，倒装后系动词被提前，因为在情态动词之后所以变成了原型。
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＜长句难句精讲精练＞讲义第一部分课程简介：1、复习句子结构2、扫除长难句的句子障碍3、攻克长难句：剖析其结构、总结其特征、推敲其译文4、实战演练：分析真题第二部分课程内容：1.2.一．简单句3.4.5.简单句的核心:n.+v. （动词的时态，语态，情态，否定）Eg: The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education.Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society.定语的翻译方法：（一）前置定语——直来直去their responsibility 他们的责任形容词性物主代词scientific revolution 科技革命，形容词作定语Driving force 驱动力现在分词作定语KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) 名词，过去分词作定语（二）后置定语1.简单的后置定语——倒转乾坤形容词短语： a bottle full of water 形容词+介词+名词现在分词短语：the girl riding a bike 现在分词+名词the wallet lying on the floor 现在分词+介词+名词the man arguing reading has little effect on our life 现在分词+句子过去分词短语：the book published last week 过去分词+名词some new computer programs designed for home buildings. 过去分词+介词+名词the law intended to preserve wild life. 过去分词+to do+名词动词不定式短语：to do +名词the chance to improve your abilityThe power for science to serve mankind介词短语：the photo on the wall表语形容词后置：100 people present修饰不定代词的定语后置：something important2.复杂的后置定语——一拆为二当一个单词或是词组的后置定语的意义和结构较为复杂的时候，我们把它倒置放在被修饰的单词或是词组的前面显得过于臃肿，这时我们就要考虑把后置定语拆开单独翻译，这种方法我们称之为：一拆为二Eg：Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.3.多重后置定语——后浪推前浪典型特征：A（中心词）+介词（of）+B+介词（of）+C+….Eg: the insights of great men of geniusthe evidence from experience concerning comparative validitypart of an exchange of duties and entitlements.真题演练：划出定语，提主干1.The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.2.Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.3.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fadingbusiness dynamism.4.Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of thehumanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive," or left-liberalpropaganda.1.递进关系：2.转折关系：二.并列句3.因果关系：4.选择关系：并列句的构成：多个简单句+并列连词并列句的省略：相同的成分可以省略，余下的部分保持不变Eg：l like you，but just like you.The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey.真题演练：请找到并列连词，并划出并列的部分1.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this willbe little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation. （2018）2.The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to furtherconcentration of power in the tech giants.(2018)3.Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happierthan those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people.(2014)1. 1.2.三．复合句 2. 3.=主句+从句 4.3.（一）定语从句1.定语从句的概述定义：结构：先行词n.+关系词+陈述句先行词：关系词：（先行词=关系词）分类：Eg:The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts.2.定语从句的翻译技巧：*前置法当一个限定性定语从句结构和意义较为简单，或是较为简短时，我们把英语原文的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 放置于被修饰的词之前, 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句。
Eg: But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.*单独成句当一个限定性定语从句的结构较为复杂，意义较为繁杂的时候，如果把它翻译在其修饰的先行词的后面的话，会显得定语太过于臃肿和复杂，而无法让评卷老师看的清清楚楚，明明白白。
所以这个时候我们要把定语从句单独翻译出来, 放置于原来它所修饰的词的后面当定语。
Eg: The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed.The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. *融合法把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句，定语从句译成谓语。
这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句，尤其是“there be”句型中。
Eg:There is a girl downstairs who wants to see you.There are many people who are interested in the new invention.真题演练：1.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace.2.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation (2018)3.And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.4.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college,where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.（2016）（二）名词性从句1.主语从句结构：关系连词+句子+动词It+be+adj./n./p.p+关系连词+句子It+vi+thatEg:When we can begin the expedition is still a question.2.宾语从句结构：Vt+连接词+句子Prep.(介词)+连接词+句子Vt+it+ adj./n./p.p+连接词+句子Eg: Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.(2016)I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.3.表语从句结构：系动词+连接词+句子Eg:The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.4.同位语从句结构：名词+ that + 陈述句名词+其他成分+that +陈述句定义：同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，常常置于fact, news , idea , assumption , belief , theory , possibility , conclusion , suggestion , promise等名词后面，一般用that来引导，但that在整个从句中不做任何成分，但是绝对不能省略。