中外建筑史名词中英文对照
建筑史中英文对照

建筑史中英文对照建史名词中英文对照:中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple殿hall厅hall又称“堂”室room房house亭pavilion台platform坛altar楼storied building阁pavilion廊colonnade榭pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion轩windowed veranda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que, watchtower牌楼pailou, decorated gateway华表huabiao, ornamental pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction穿斗式构架column and tie construction井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背bracket由戗inverted V-shaped brace叉手chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩wooden pier驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport 宋代术语梁beam袱beam宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽袱5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽袱7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽袱9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer(木行)purlin (used with dougong)大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式抟purlin宋代术语脊(木行)ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin 小式脊抟ridged purlin宋代术语金(木行)intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平抟intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐(木行)purlin on hypostyle大、小式,宋代术语正心(木行)eave purlin大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平抟eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong) 大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong) 小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushion board大式檐垫板cushion board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式,指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式,指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱dougong,bracket set斗dou, bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gong,bracketarm翘flower arm, petal华拱flower arm宋代术语昂ang,lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block 宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm 宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns 宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket 宋代术语cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or window格栅partition door抹头window stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf门枕石bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf龛niche博古架antique shelfmasonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall隔断墙vertical partition wall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石cantilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel, hanging over叠涩corbel, hanging over宋代术语corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab压阑石rectangular stone slab 宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier垂带drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone 宋代术语象眼triangular spaceyulu, imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma, recta下袅lower cyma, reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade 宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail宋代术语柱顶石capital stone柱础column base踬zhi碑碣stone tablet赑屃bixi, stone turtle宋及宋前术语趺fu, stone turtle清代术语石像生stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile脊瓦ridge tile琉璃瓦glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end, eave tile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gable roof戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽animal砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern, colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画dragons pattern天花彩画ceiling pattern箍头end portion of painted beam藻头intermediate portion of painted beam枋心central portion of painted beam点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting贴金gold foil painting建史名词中英文对照:外国古代建筑及构造金字塔pyramid方尖碑obelisk牌门楼pylon莲花式柱lotus column纸草花式柱papyrus column棕榈叶式柱palm column塔庙ziggurat列柱围廊式peristyle山花pediment多立克柱式Doric order伊奥尼亚柱式曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。
外国建筑史名词中英文对照

金字塔pyramid方尖碑obelisk牌门楼pylon莲花式柱lotus column纸草花式柱papyrus column棕榈叶式柱palm column塔庙ziggurat列柱围廊式peristyle山花pediment多立克柱式Doric order伊奥尼亚柱式Ionic order曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。
科林斯柱式Corinthian order檐口cornice檐部entablature檐壁frieze额枋architrave柱头capital柱身column shaft槽沟flute圆底线脚torus柱基plinth台基stylobateaqueduct万神庙pantheon凯旋门triumphal arch角斗场colosseum广场forum托斯卡柱式Tuscan order门廊potch,portico小穹顶cupola平嵌线reglet主穹顶main dome半穹顶semi dome帆拱pendentive会堂basilicacentral nave侧廊aisle半圆形壁龛apse袖廊transept柱廊colonnade神坛altar拱廊atcade壁上拱廊blind arcade塔楼turret玫瑰窗rose windo w扶壁buttress尖顶pinnacle滴水兽gargoyle顶端饰finial花色窗棂tracery四叶饰quatrefoil五叶饰cinquefoil府邸mansion,palazzo鼓座drum采光塔lantern小侧窗bulleye windo w涡卷装饰cartouche宣礼塔minaret圣龛mihrab,prayer niche讲坛mimbar,pulpit拱式vault type筒拱barrel vault棱拱groin vault肋骨拱rib bed vault星形拱网状拱reticulated vault扇形拱fan vault倒槽式拱trough vault钟乳拱stalactite vault券式arch type半圆券semicircular arch尖券pointed arch弧形券segmental arch葱花券ogee arch马蹄券horseshoe arch交角券squinch穹式dome type半球形穹顶semespherical dome葱花穹顶ogee domesquare dome阿拉伯花饰arabeque阿拉伯式柱头Arabian capital。
建筑历史名词术语中英索引:

名词术语中英索引:AAalto, Alvar阿尔瓦·阿尔托Tuberculosis Sanatorium at Paimio帕米欧肺病疗养院Municipal Library,维堡图书馆Villa Mairea,玛丽亚别墅Town Hall of saynatsalo,珊娜特塞罗镇中心主楼Abu Simbel(Egypt),阿尔布辛贝勒(埃及) Acropolis(Athens),雅典卫城(雅典) Adornment ,装饰Agora,广场Agora,Assos ,阿索斯广场Aido Ross ,罗西Air conditioner ,空调Aisle ,侧廊Alberti,Leone Battista ,阿尔伯蒂Altar of Zeus,(Pergamon,Gteece),宙斯祭坛(希腊帕加马)Amiens Cathedral,亚眠主教堂Amphitheatre ,圆形剧场,角斗场Aqueduct ,输水道Pont du Gard{Nimes France},嘉德引水渠(法国尼姆)Roman,罗马引水渠Apollo,阿波罗Apse ,半圆形龛Arena ,(圆形剧场中的)表演区,沙场Arch,券Centre,圆心Crown,券顶.Extrados,券背Haunch,券肩石Impost,券底石Keystone,券心石(又称锁石)Soffit ,券底Springing line,起券线Voussoir ,楔形券石Anglo—Saxou Arch,盎格鲁·撒克逊式券Corbelled Arch,叠涩券Decorated Arch,装饰式券Early English Arch ,早期英吉利式券Horse shoe Arch,马蹄形券Multifoil Arch ,复叶形券Norman Arch ,诺曼式券Ogee Arch ,弓形券Perpendicular Arch ,垂直式券Pointed Saracenic Arch ,撒拉逊式尖券Roman Arch ,罗马式券Round Trifoliated Arch ,三叶形券Transitional Arch ,过渡时期式券Ogee,洋葱形穹顶Pointed,尖拱Roman,罗马拱Triumphal,凯旋拱门Blind Arches,假券Arcades,连券廊Blind Arcades,假连券廊Arc de Triomphe(Paris),凯旋门(巴黎) Architecture建筑analyzing,建筑分析as profession,建筑作为职业Architecture equipments,建筑设备Arch of Augustus.Perugia,佩鲁吉亚奥古斯都拱门Arch of Constantine(Rome),康斯坦丁凯旋门(罗马)Arch of Septimius Severus.Rome,罗马塞弗拉斯凯旋门Arch of Titus.Rome,罗马泰塔斯凯旋门Aronoff Center for Design and Art(Cincinnati).阿罗洛夫设计和艺术中心(辛辛那提)Art and Architecture Building(Yale University),艺术和建筑大厦(耶鲁大学)Art Deco,装饰艺术派Art Nouveau,新艺术运动Arts and Crafts movement,工艺美术运动Ascent roof,坡屋顶Assyria,亚述Athena,雅典娜Athens,雅典AT&T Building,美国电话电报公司大楼BBabylonia,巴比伦Basilica ,古罗马的巴西利卡Basilica of Constantine ,君士坦丁巴西利卡Basilica of Trajan ,图拉真巴西利卡The Basilica.Vicenza ,维琴察巴西利卡Basilica of San Marco(Venice),圣马53可大教堂Greek—cross Basilica,希腊十字式巴西利卡Latin—cross Basilica,拉丁十字式巴西利卡Condensed Dome Basilica集中式穹顶巴西利卡Baroque architecture,巴洛克建筑English,英国巴洛克建筑in France,法国的巴洛克建筑in Italy,意大利的巴洛克建筑Mexican,墨西哥巴洛克建筑Renaissance architecture and,文艺复兴建筑与巴洛克建筑Renaissance architecture compared to,文艺复兴建筑与巴洛克建筑比较Barrel Vault 筒形拱Baths.Roman,罗马浴场Baths of Caracalla.卡瑞卡拉浴室Baths of Titus(Rome),泰塔斯浴场(罗马) Bauhaus,包豪斯Bauhaus school,包豪斯建筑学派Bauhaus Workshop Wing(Dessau,Germany),包豪斯工作室(德国德骚) Berlin ,柏林AEG Turbin Factory ,德国通用电气公司透平机车间Altes Museum,老博物馆Berlin Schauspielhaus,柏林宫廷剧院Berlin Philharmonie,柏林爱乐音乐厅Brandenburg Gate,勃兰登堡门Conference Hall,西柏林会堂Jewish Museum,犹太人博物馆Model Factory at the Exhibition of thewerkbund in Cologne,德意志制造联盟科隆展览会模范车间National Gallery,国家美术馆新馆Bell Tower(Leaning Tower,Pisa),钟塔(比萨斜塔)Bernini.Giovanni Lorenzo 伯尼尼Scala Regia in Vatican 梵蒂冈教皇接见厅前的大阶梯Piazza of S.Peter 圣彼得主教堂前广场Borromini.Francesco 波罗米尼San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane罗马圣卡罗教堂Boston city Hall,波士顿市政厅Botta,Mario,博塔Bank of Gottardo,戈塔尔多银行House at Riva San Vitale,圣·维塔莱河畔的住宅Boullee,部雷Metropole project,大都市博物馆方案Project for a Cenotaph for Sir Isaac Newton,牛顿纪念碑方案Bramante,Donato伯拉孟特Tempietto in S.Pietro in Montorio罗马坦比哀多Bricks,砖British Museum(1ondon),大英博物馆(伦敦) Brunelleschi,Filippo ,伯鲁涅列斯基The Dome of S.Maria del Fiore ,佛罗伦萨圣玛利亚大教堂的穹窿Foundling Hospital.Florence,佛罗伦萨育婴院Pazzi Chapel,佛罗伦萨巴齐礼拜堂Brutalism,粗野主义Buttress ,飞扶壁Flying Buttress,飞扶壁Gothic Buttress,哥特式扶壁Byzantine architecture,拜占庭建筑Byzantine Empire,拜占庭帝国CCalatrava,Santiago,卡拉特拉瓦Alamillo Bridge,Spain 埃拉米诺大桥TGA Station ,Lyon-Satolas,France ,萨特拉斯车站Campanile,钟楼Camus,加缪体系Capitol,Rome ,罗马卡比多广场Casa Batllo(Barcelona),巴特罗公寓(巴塞罗纳)Casa Mila(Barcelona),米拉公寓(巴塞罗纳) Castel,城堡Castles,Romanesque,罗马式城堡Cathedral ,主教堂.Chartres Cathedral ,夏特尔主教堂Cologne Cathedral ,科隆主教堂CBD,中心商务区Cement,水泥Central Park(New York City),中央公园(纽约市)Center Pompidou(Paris),蓬皮杜中心(巴黎) Charter of Athens,雅典宪章Charter of Machu Picchu,马丘比丘宪章Chateau de Chambord ,法国尚堡府邸Chateau Vaux-le Vicomte ,维康府邸Chicago,芝加哥Carson Pirie Scott Department Store,C.P.S百货公司大厦First Leiter Building,第一莱特尔大厦54John Hancock Center,约翰·汉考克大厦Lake Shore building,湖滨公寓Marina City,马利纳城大厦Marquette Building,马凯特大厦Marshall Field Wholesale Store,马歇尔·菲尔德百货批发商店Reliance Building,里莱斯大厦Robie House,罗比住宅SearS Tower,西尔斯大厦The Capitol,卡皮托大厦Water Tower Place Building水塔广场大厦Willitts House威利茨住宅World’s Columbian Exposition,1893年哥伦比亚博览会Chicago School,芝加哥学派Choragic Monument of Lysicrates雅典列雪格拉德纪念亭Chrysler Building(New York),克莱斯勒大厦(纽约)Christian,基督教Church ,教堂Cross-domed Churchs,十字穹顶教堂Churches and cathedrals教堂和大教堂 Byzantine Church,拜占庭教堂和大教堂 Gothic Church,哥特式教堂和大教堂Romanesque Church,罗马式教堂和大教堂Circular Windows,圆窗Classical style(Classical Revival),古典风格(古典复兴)Colosseum.Rome 罗马大角斗场Columbian Exposition(Chicago,l893),哥伦比亚世界博览会(芝加哥,1893)Column ,柱子Corinthian Column,科林斯式Doric Column,多利克式Egyptian Column,埃及式Greek Column,希腊式Ionic Column,爱奥尼克式Roman Column,罗马式Concrete,混凝土Concrete in Roman architecture,罗马建筑中的混凝土Constantine(Roman emperor),君士坦丁(罗马皇帝)Constantinople,君士坦丁堡Constructivism构成主义派Contextualism “文脉主义Court of Alberca,玉泉院Court of Lions,狮子院Courtyards,庭院Crossing Tower,十字交叉点处塔楼Cross Vault,十字拱Crown,券顶Crystal Palace(London),水晶宫(伦敦)Curvilinear(Decorated)style,曲线(装饰)风格DDeconstruction(Decon) ,解构主义Decorated Arch ,装饰式券De Stij,风格派:Casa Schroder, Utrecht,乌德勒支的施罗德住宅Dessau,德绍Distyle , (希腊、罗马神庙的)端柱式The Doge,s Palace ,威尼斯公爵府Dome,穹顶Dome on Pendentives,穹顶-帆拱体系The Dome of S.Maria del Fiore,佛罗伦萨圣玛利亚大教堂的穹窿Dulles Airport (Washington,D C),杜勒斯国际机场(华盛顿特区)DWB/ Deutscher Werkbund,德意志制造联盟P.Behrens,贝伦斯AEG Turbine Factory,透平机车间Fagus Werk,法古斯工厂EEaves,屋檐Egypt,埃及Eiffel,Gustave,古斯塔夫·埃菲尔Eiffel,Tower(Paris),埃菲尔铁塔(巴黎)Einstein Tower(Potsdam.Germany),爱因斯坦塔(德国波茨坦)Eisenman,Peter,彼得·埃森曼Aronoff Center for Design and Art,Cincinnati,USA辛辛那提大学设计、建筑、艺术与规划学院大楼(阿洛诺夫设计与艺术中心)Columbus Convention Center,Ohio,USA哥伦布会议中心Forster House,Palo Alto,California,USA 11a号住宅又称福斯特住宅House I “住宅I”House lI “住宅lI"House VI,Washington,Connecticut,USA“住宅VI”Wexner Center for the Visual Arts,Columbus,Ohio,USA,韦克斯纳视觉艺术中心Elegant New Geometry,优雅新几何Elevator,电梯55Empire State Building.帝国大厦Engineering Building(University of Leicester).工程大厦(莱斯特大学)England英国Baroque architecture in.英国的巴洛克建筑Gothic architecture in,英国的哥特式建筑Gothic Revival in.英国的哥特复兴式建筑High Victorian Gothic in,英国维多利亚时代全盛哥特式建筑Neoclassic revival in,英国的新古典主义复兴建筑Norman(Romanesque)architecture in,英国的罗马风建筑Renaissance architecture in,英国的文艺复兴建筑Entablature,(柱式的)檐部Entasis,卷杀Entrance,入口Erechtheion,Athens雅典伊瑞克先神庙Expressionism,表现主义FFallingwater(Bear Run,Pennsylvania),流水别墅(宾夕法尼亚州熊溪)Fan Vault,扇形拱顶Farnsworth House(near Piano,Illinois),范斯沃斯住宅(伊利诺斯州普莱诺附近) Fireplace, 壁炉Flamboyant,(哥特建筑中的)火焰式Florence Cathedral,佛罗伦萨大教堂Flying Buttress,飞扶壁Flying ribs,飞肋Fontainebleau(France),枫丹白露(法国) Forbidden City,紫禁城Forster,Norman福斯特Commercial Bank Tower, Frankfurt法兰克福商业银行大厦New Headquarters for the Hong KongBank,Hong Kong香港汇丰银行新楼Parts Distribution Center for RenaultUK Ltd,Swindon,Wiltshire, UK雷诺公司产品配送中心Reconstruction of Reichstag,Bedin,Germany柏林国会大厦改建Reliance Contmls Ltd,Swindon,Woltshire,UK信托控股公司Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts,VEA,Norwich,Norfolk, UK塞恩斯伯里视觉艺术中心Telecommunications Tower,Torre diCollserola,Barcelona,Spain巴塞罗那通迅塔Third London Airport Stansted,Essex,UK伦敦斯坦斯梯德机场Formalism,典雅主义Form follows function,形式追随功能Forum罗马广场Forum of Angustus,奥古斯都广场Forum of Caesar,凯撒广场Forum of Nerva,奈乏广场Forum of Trajan,图拉真广场Forum.Pompeii,庞培城中心广场Forum Romanum,罗曼努姆广场Fountain,喷泉Functionalism,功能主义,功能主义派Futurism,未来派GGable山墙Gabrie,Jacques—Ange加贝里爱尔Petit Trianon小特里阿农Gallery,廊Garden City,花园城市Giant Order巨柱式Giralda,塞维利亚风标塔The Great Mosque,Damascus大马士革大礼拜寺The Great Mosque,Cordova科尔多瓦大礼拜寺The Great Mosque,Samarra萨马拉大礼拜寺Great Pyramids,Giza吉萨金字塔群Great Temple,Abu—Simbel阿布辛贝勒阿蒙神大石窟庙Great Temple of Ammon,Kanark卡纳克阿蒙神庙Great Temple,Madurai马杜赖大寺Greece,希腊Greek architecture,希腊建筑Gehry,Frank 盖里American Center,Paris,France巴黎美国中心California Aerospace Museum,LosAngeles,Calif.USA航空宇宙博物馆Gehry House,Santa Monica,California在圣·莫尼卡的自宅Guggenheim Museum,Bilbao,Spain毕尔巴鄂古根汉姆博物馆Nationale.Nededtmden Building,Prague,Czech Republic布拉格尼德兰大厦Vitra Furniture Design Museum,Weilam~Rhein,Germany维特拉家具设计博物馆56Weisman Art Museum,University ofMinnesota,Minneapolis,USA魏斯曼艺术博物馆Graves,Michael(1934~)格雷夫斯Benacerraf House Addition,贝纳塞拉夫住宅扩建Hanselmann House,Wayne,Indiana,USA汉索曼住宅Humana Building,Louisville,Kentucky,U.S.A休曼那大厦Public Service Building in Portland,Oregon,USA波特兰市市政厅Swan Hotel and Dauphin Hotel,WaltDisney World,Florida,USA海豚旅馆与天鹅旅馆Gridiron city,方格城市Gropius,Walter(1883—1969)格罗皮厄斯Bauhaus Dessau包豪斯校舍City Theatre,Jena耶那市立剧场Dammer stock Housing达默斯托克居住区Fagus Werk,Alfeld法古斯(鞋楦)厂Gropius Residence,Lincoln, Mass格罗皮厄斯自宅Harvard Graduate Center,Cambridge,Mass哈佛大学研究生中心Interbau,Hansaviertal 1957年汉莎区国际住宅展览会高层公寓楼Model Factory at the Exhibition of theWerkbund in Cologne德意志制造联盟科隆展览会办公楼Municipal Employment Office,Dessau德绍市就业办事处Siemensstadt Housing,Berlin西门子住宅区Village College,Impington英平顿乡村学院Gwathmey,Charles(1938~)格瓦斯梅HHadid,Zaha,扎哈·哈迪德Monsoon Restaurant,Sapporo,Tokyo,Japan东京扎晃餐厅Peak Club,Hong Kong,香港山顶俱乐部设计方案Vitra Fire—Station,Weilam Rhein,Germany维特拉消防站Hadrian(Roman emperor),哈德良(罗马皇帝) Hadrian’s villa(Tivoli,Italy),哈德良别墅(意大利底沃利)Hall of Mirrors(Versailles),镜厅(凡尔赛) Hatshepsut,哈特什帕苏墓Haussmann,Georges Eugene, Baron(1809—1891),奥斯曼Rebuilding Paris 19,世纪后半叶的巴黎改建Hejduk,John.约翰·海杜克High Gothic architecture,典型哥特式建筑High Renaissance,文艺复兴高潮High.Tech,高技派High.Tech and High-Touch,高度技术与高度感人High Victorian Gothic,维多利亚时代全盛哥特式High Victorian period,维多利亚全盛期Hill House(Glasgow),小山住宅(英国格拉斯哥)Holism,整体主义Holistic Design,整体设计Holl,Steven,斯蒂芬·霍尔Anchoring《锚固》Chapel of St.Ignatius,Seattle,USA圣伊纳爵小教堂Void Space/Hinged Space Housing,NexusWorld Kashii,Fukuoka,Japan日本福冈公寓Holocaust Memorial Museum(Washington,D.C.),大屠杀纪念展览馆(华盛顿特区)Horizontal lines,水平线条Hotel de Soubise ,巴黎苏必斯府邸House of Pansa ,潘萨府邸Houses of Parliament(London),议会大厦(伦敦)House of Silver Wedding ,银婚府邸House of Vettii ,维蒂府邸Howard,Ebenezer,Sir霍华德“Garden City”田园城市Garden Cities of Tomorrow,《明日的田园城市》humanizing architecture建筑人情化Hypostyle Hall(Temple of Amon at Karnak),多柱式大厅(埃及卡玛克阿蒙神殿)IIl Gesfi Rome,罗马耶苏会教堂Impressionism,印象主义,印象主义派Industrial City ,“工业城市”Interbau,Hansaviertal,1957年汉莎区国际住宅展览会International Style,“国际式"建筑Intersecting Vault,交叉拱Ishtar,新巴比伦城伊斯达门Italian Neorationalist Movement,新理性主义运动(又称La Tendenza坦丹札学派)57Italy,意大利Renaissance architecture in,意大利的文艺复兴建筑Baroque architecture in,意大利的巴洛可建筑Gothic architecture in,意大利的哥特式建筑Romanesque architecture in,意大利的罗马风建筑Industrial Revolution,工业革命JJencks,Charles詹克斯The Language of Post—mod~rytArchitecture《后现代建筑语言》The New Moderns《新现代》Jenney,William Le Baron(1832—1907)詹尼First Leiter Building第一莱特尔大厦Home Insurance Company芝加哥家庭保险公司大厦Johnson,Philip(1906一)P.约翰逊AT&T Headquarters,New York,USA,美国电话电报公司总部大楼Pittsburgh Hate Glass Company Head-quarters,匹兹堡的PPG平板玻璃公司总部大厦Republic Bank Center,Houston,Texas,共和银行中心大厦Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery,谢尔登艺术纪念馆Transco Tower in Houston,休斯敦的特兰斯科塔楼KKahn,Louis,路易斯·康Richard Medical Research Building,理查德医学研究楼Saik Institute for BiologicalResearch,La Jolla,Californa,索尔克生物研究所Karnak temples,埃及卡玛克神殿Key Stone券心石(又称锁石)King’s College Chapel(Cambridge,England),国王学院礼拜堂(英国剑桥)Koolhaas,Rem,雷姆·库哈斯Dall’Ava House,Saint-Claud,Paris,France达尔阿瓦住宅Delirious New York: A RetroactiveManifesto for Manhattan《颠狂的纽约:关于曼哈顿的回顾性宣言》Generic City《广普城市》National Dance Theatre in Hague,Holland海牙国立舞剧院LLa Sagrada Familia,Church of(Barcelona),神圣家族大教堂(巴塞罗纳)Le Brun,Charles勒勃亨The Louvre卢佛尔Le Corbusier,勒·柯布西耶Chandigarh,India,昌迪加尔规划及行政中心Convent de la Saint-Marie-de-1a-Tourette,near Lyons,拉图莱特修道院League of Nation’s Building,国际联盟总部设计方案Uunite d’Habitation,Marseille,马赛公寓“人居单元”Ministry of Education,巴西教育卫生部大楼(与Neimyer合作)“Modulor”,“模数理论”Notre.Dame.du.Haut,Ronchamp,朗香教堂PavilIion Suisse A La Cite Universitaire,Paris,巴黎瑞士学生宿舍Plan of the Ville Contemporaine ,300万人的现代城市规划方案Plan“V oisin'’de Paris,巴黎市中心区改建规划Vers une architecture,《走向新建筑》Villa Savoie,萨伏伊别墅Le Notre,Andre勒诺特Le Vau,Louis勒伏Chateau Vaux-le-Vicomte维康府邸Library of St.Mark,Venice,圣马可图书馆Lincoln Cultural Center in Newyork,纽约林肯文化中心Linear City,带形城市Lion Gate,Mycenae迈西尼城狮子门Luxor temples,鲁克索神殿MMansart.Jules Hardouin,孟莎,J.H.Palais de Versailles,凡尔赛宫Church of the Invalides,巴黎残废军人新教堂Place de Vendome,巴黎旺多姆广场Masjid-j-Shah,1sfahan,伊斯法罕皇家礼拜寺Mastaba,玛斯塔巴Mausoleum of Hadrain,罗马哈德良墓Megaron,美加仑室Meirer,Richard ,R.迈耶(1934~)58Getty Center,Los Angeles,USA格蒂中心Higll Museum of Art,Adanta,Georgia,USA亚特兰大的海尔艺术博物馆Smith House,Darien,Conn.USA,史密斯住宅Mendelsohn,Erich(1887—1953),门德尔松Einstein Tower,Potsdam,爱因斯坦天文台Metabolism,新陈代谢派Michelangelo Buonarroti,米开朗琪罗Capitol,Rome,罗马卡比多广场S.Peter Cathedral,Rome,罗马圣彼得主教堂Michelozzo Michelozzi,米开罗佐Palazzo Ricardi,佛罗伦萨吕卡第府邸Mies van der Rohe,Ludwig,路德维希·密斯·范德·罗Barcelona Pavilion,巴塞罗那博览会德国馆Crown Hall ,IIT克朗楼Farnsworth House,Piano,Illinois,法恩斯沃思住宅minois Institute of Technology,伊利诺工学院校园规划Lake Shore Building,Chicago,芝加哥的湖滨公寓ment to Liebknecht and Luxemburg,李卜克内西和卢森堡纪念碑National Gallery,Berlin,柏林国家美术馆新馆Seagram Building,New York,西格拉姆大厦Tugendhat House,Brno,图根德哈特住宅Milan Cathedral(Italy),米兰大教堂(意大利) Millennium Dome(Greenwich,U K),千年穹顶(英国格林威治)Minimalism “极少主义”或“极简主义”Modern Architecture现代建筑,现代建筑派Modern Movement现代建筑运动Modernism现代主义,现代主义派Monolith整石柱Mosque of Ahmed I,伊斯坦布尔阿赫默德一世礼拜寺Multifoil Arch复叶形券NNeighbourhood Unit,邻里单位Neo.Classicism,新古典主义Neoplasticism,新造型主义Nervi,Pier Luigi(1891—1979),内尔维Palazzelto dello Sport,罗马小体育宫Palazzo dello Sport,罗马大体育宫Pirdli Tower大厦(与Ponti合作)St.Mary’s Cathedral,San Francisco,旧金山的圣玛丽主教堂(与Belluschi合作)Turin Exposition Hall,都灵展览馆UNESCO Headquarters,Paris,联合国教科文总部(UNESCO)的会议厅(与Breuer和Zehffuss合作)Neoclassic,新古典主义Neuschwanstein,Schloss(near Munich),新天鹅堡 (慕尼黑附近)New Babylon ,新巴比伦城New Brutalism,新粗野主义(新野性主义)New Empericism,新经验主义New Modem or Neo-Modernism ,“新现代",“新现代“派New Rationalism,新理性主义New Regionalism,新地域主义New Simplicity ,“新简约”New Tradition,新传统派,新传统主义建筑New York Five ,“纽约五”Niemeyer,Oscar(1907~),尼迈耶尔Ministry of Eduction,巴西教育卫生部大楼Notre Dame圣母教堂Notre Dame.Paris ,巴黎圣母教堂Nouvel,Jean(1945~),努维尔Arab World Institute.Paris,France,巴黎阿拉伯世界研究中心Tour Sans Fin, Paris,巴黎无止境大厦方案OObelisk ,方尖碑Ogee arch ,弓形券Omar Mosque ,耶路撒冷奥马尔礼拜寺(圣岩寺)Opera House(Sydney,Australia),歌剧院(澳大利亚悉尼)Opera(Paris),歌剧院(巴黎)Orders,Greek,希腊柱式Ordine(Order),柱式Ordine Composite,组合柱式Doric Order(Ordine Dorico),多立克柱式Ionic Order(0rdine Ionico),爱奥尼克柱式Corinthian Order(Ordine Corintio),科林斯柱式Ordine Tuscan,塔司干柱式Architrave,额枋Capital ,柱头Column ,柱身Entablature ,檐部59Frieze,檐壁Organic Decentralization,有机疏散理论Organic architecture,有机建筑Ornament,use of in architecture,建筑中装饰的使用PPalace of Sagon,萨艮王宫Palace of Persepolis,帕赛玻里斯宫Palace of Minos,Knossos,克诺索斯迷宫Palais de Versailles,凡尔赛宫Palazzo Pandolfini,Florence ,佛罗伦萨潘道菲尼府邸Palazzo Rucellai,Florence ,佛罗伦萨鲁切拉府邸Palladio,Andrea ,帕拉第奥Palladio Motif ,帕拉第奥母题The Basilica.Vicenza,维琴察巴西利卡Palladio Motif ,帕拉第奥母题Rotunda ,维琴察圆厅别墅Pantheon,Paris,巴黎的万神庙Pantheon,Rome ,罗马万神庙Parterre du Midi(Versailles),德米迪花坛(凡尔赛)Pazzi Chapel,Florence,佛罗伦萨巴齐礼拜堂Pei,I.M.(1917~),贝聿铭East Gallery,National Gallery ofArt,美国国家美术馆东馆Grand Louvre,Paris,France,巴黎大卢浮宫扩建Pelli,Cesar(1926~)佩利Miglin.Beitler Tower,Chicago,米格林·贝特勒大厦Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumper,吉隆坡的双塔大厦Pendentive,帆拱Perfection of Technique,讲究技术精美的倾向Petit Trianon ,小特里阿农宫,凡尔赛Peristyle ,列柱围廊式Pseudo peristyle ,假列柱围廊式Perpendicular Arch ,垂直式券Perrault。
建筑史专用词汇中英对照

建筑史专用词汇中英对照我们在阅读或翻译建筑史类资料时,经常会碰到许多词汇,不明白确切含义或不知道如何准确翻译。
专业性的字典或者是汉英、或者是英汉,没有汉英英汉统一在一起的字典,给阅读和翻译工作带来一定的不便。
现将部分常用的与建筑史相关的一些词汇汇集在一起,以便于大家使用。
1、城市史城市史 history of cities 大学城 campus city居民点settlement 科学城 science city市[场] market 风景旅游城市 sceic-tourist city城[墙] city wall 休养城市 resort city都城 capital city 小城市 small city宫城imperial city 中等城市 medium-sized city外城 outer city 大城市large city皇城 imperial palace 城市历史保护 urban conservation里 neighbourhood 历史建筑historical building 街 street 历史地段historical site巷lane 城市改建urban redevelopment 胡同 hutong,alley 城市更新urban renewal关厢 outskirt 工业城市industrial city城濠 city moat,city trench 矿业城市 mining city城堡 castle 港口城市 port city城邦 polis 商业城市 commercial city城市 city 市区 city proper镇 township,town 郊区suburb2、园林史中国古典园林 classical Chinese garden中国传统园林 traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林 ancient Chinese garden中国山水园 Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林western classical garden英国式园林English style garden中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林Italian style garden西班牙式园林Spainish style garden法兰西式园林French style garden勒诺特尔式园林 Le Notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园 Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林 Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林 Baroque style garden庄园manor,villa garden廊柱园 peristyle garden,patio绿廊xystus迷阵maze,labyrinth灵囿 Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫 E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑 Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫 Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫 Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫 Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园 Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄 Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden悬园Hanging Garden 又称"悬空园","架高园"。
建筑史名词翻译

建筑史名词中英文对照(全国自然科学名词审定委员会1996年公布)中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple殿hall厅hall又称「堂」室room房house亭pavilion台platform坛altar楼storied building*阁pavilion廊colonnade榭pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion轩windowed veranda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que,watchtower牌楼pailou,decorated gateway华表huabiao,ornamental pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction穿斗式构架column and tie construction井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语角背bracket由戗inverted V-shaped brace*手chashou,inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩wooden pier驼峰tuofeng,camel-hump shaped support宋代术语梁beam栿beam宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽栿5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽栿7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽栿9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳栿rufu,beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer桁purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式槫purlin宋代术语脊桁ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊槫ridged purlin宋代术语金桁intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平槫intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式,宋代术语正心桁eave purlin大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平槫eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushion board大式檐垫板cushion board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式,指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式,指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter*花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins 材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱dougong,bracket set斗dou,bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gong,bracketarm翘flower arm,petal华拱flower arm宋代术语昂ang,lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose 攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket宋代术语跴cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or window格栅partition door抹头window stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone 天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf龛niche博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall 隔断墙vertical partition wall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石cantilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel,hanging over叠涩corbel,hanging over宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab压阑石rectangular stone slab宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier垂带drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone宋代术语象眼triangular space御路yulu,imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma,recta下袅lower cyma,reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail宋代术语柱顶石capital stone柱础column base踬zhi碑碣stone tablet*屃bixi,stone turtle宋及宋前术语趺fu,stone turtle清代术语石像生stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile 脊瓦ridge tile琉璃瓦glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end,eave tile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof,vertical ridge for gable roof 戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽animal砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern,colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画 dragons pattern天花彩画 ceiling pattern箍头 end portion of painted beam藻头intermediate portion of painted beam枋心central portion of painted beam点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting贴金gold foil painting外国古代建筑及构造金字塔pyramid方尖碑obelisk牌门楼pylon莲花式柱lotus column纸草花式柱papyrus column棕榈叶式柱palm column塔庙ziggurat列柱围廊式peristyle山花pediment多立克柱式Doric order伊奥尼亚柱式Ionic order曾用名「爱奥尼亚柱式」。
建筑名词中英文对照

设计指标:s t a t i s t i c s 用地面积:site area建筑占地面积:building foot print总建筑面积:total area建筑面积 floor area,building area地上建筑面积:ground area地下建筑面积:underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地:public green land备用地用地:reserved land容积率:FAR建筑密度:building coverage绿地率:green ratio绿化率:green landscape ratio建筑高度:building height层数:number of floors停车位:parking unit地面停车:ground parking地下停车:underground parking使用面积:usable area公用面积:public area实用面积:effective area居住面积:living area计租面积 rental area 租用面积得房率:effien开间 bay进深 depth跨度 span坡度:slope,grade净空:clearance净高:clear height净空楼梯间下:headroom净距:clear distance套内面积:unit constraction area公摊面积:shared public area竣工面积:辅助面积:service area结构面积:structural area交通面积:communication area,passage area共有建筑面积:common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数:common building area amount coefficient 公用建筑面积:public building area销售面积:sales area绿化覆盖率:green coverage ratio层高:floor height净高:clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数:public building area amount coefficient 住宅用地: residential area 其他用地:公共服务设施用地:land for public facilities道路用地:land for roads公共绿地:public green space道路红线:road property line建筑线建筑红线:set back line用地红线: property line,boundary line第一轮:1st round计划和程序:schedule and program工程进度表:working schedule构造材料表:list of building materials and construction设计说明:design statement图纸目录和说明:list of drawings and descriptions项目标准:project standards总结:conclusion文本及陈述:封皮:cover目录:content技术经济指标:technical and economical index概念规划设计:conceptual master paln and architectural design 基地分析:location analysis项目区位分析图:description of the region site and city space view analyze 概念构思说明:chief design concept指导思想设计主旨:key concepts概述:introduction宗旨:mission statement愿景及设计效果:vision and design concept城市空间景观分析:urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析:landscape analysis交通分析:traffic analysis生态系统:ecological system地块A:area A模型照片:model images案例分析:case study草图:sketches设计构思草图:concept sketches规划总平面图:site plan鸟瞰图:bird view功能分区图:function organization单体透视图:unit perspective 1-1剖面图:section 1-1立面图:elevation沿街立面图:street elevation平面图:plan地下一层平面图:basement plan;B1 plan 首层平面图:F1 plan;ground floor plan 二层平面图:2F floor plan设计阶段 stages of design草图 sketch方案 scheme初步设计 preliminary design施工图 working drawing平面图 plan平面放大图 plan in enlarged scale剖面图 section立面图 elevation节点详图 detail drawing透视图 perspective drawings鸟瞰图 birds-eye view示意图 schematic diagram区划图 block plan位置图 location示意图:schematic diagram背景介绍:project background报告书目的:purpose of report专案区位背景:Context of ;;;区域交通架构:regional circulation framework 区域活动架构:regional district framework区域发展架构:regional development framework 基地分析:site understanding现状土地利用:existing land use现状交通系统:existing circulation现状城市机理:existing city fabric机遇与限制:opportunities and constrains经济分析与策略:economic strategies房地产经济:real estate market标高 elevation绝对标高 absolute elevation相对标高 relative elevation设计标高 designed elevation海拔标高:altitude elevation above sea level 坐标 ordinate基准点 datum mark等高线 contour line高差 difference in elevation土方工程量 volume of earthwork技术经济指标 technical and economic index设计进度 period of design设计范围scope of design方案比较 scheme comparison,alter-native for competition 建筑形式 architectural style自然条件 natural condition风玫瑰图 wind rose地形图 graphical map现场勘查 field inspection地质勘察资料 geological exploration data城建规划部门 city planning department防火等级 fire resistance rating城市干道 city thoroughfares回车场 turnarounds地下水:subsurface water,ground water地表水:surface water汇水面积:water shed area,catchment area洪水位:floodtide level综合管沟:combination of pipe line循环水系统:circulating water system消防系统:hydrant system雨水:rain water,storm water,drain water 雨水管雨落管:down pipe,rain water pipe淋浴喷头:shower pipe水泵:water pump透明度:transparency化粪池:septic tank管井:tube well雨水井:gully合成树脂:synthetic resin晶体:crystal检修孔:inspection hole,access hole建筑设计规范 code for architectural design 防火规范 fire protection standards建造投资 investment of construction景观设计 landscaping概算:budgetary estimate预算:budget决算:final accounts建筑绘图常用词线条:lines曲线:curve虚线:dotted line实线:full line斜线:bias line双曲线:hyperbola;hyperbole 轴线:axis定位轴线:locating axis中心线:center line等高线:contour line箭头:arrow索引:index垂直:vertical水平:horizontal平行:parallel横向的:transverse横向尺寸:sectional dimension 几何图形:geometrical figure 圆形:round方形:square矩形:rectangle平行四边形:parallelogram六角形:hexagon梯形:trapezoid椭圆形:elliptic oval扇形:sector直角:right angle圆角:rounded angle半径:radius直径:diameter外径:outside diameter内径:inside diameter长度:length展开长度:developed length 总长:overall length宽度:width高度:height厚度:thickness薄:thin深度:depth单位:units公里:kilometer米:meter分米:decimeterdm厘米:centimetercm毫米:millimetermm重量:weight净重:net weight总重:total weight公斤:kilogram克:gram吨:ton度:degree体积:volume数量:quantity公升:litter百分率:percentage描图纸:tracing paper一般建筑材料、建筑构件常用词轴线,定位轴线:axis , locating axis 对称:symmetry结构:structure细节设计:Detailing视线:Sightline板:Plank热桥:Thermal bridge斜线:Oblique line扶手:handrail, railing钢结构:steel structure饰面材料:facing materials风口:air duct封堵:Sealing主墙:Chief Wall铝板:Aluminum Sheet真空保温板:Vip=Vacuum insulation panel 保温:thermal insulation吸音:sound absorption耐火材料:non-inflammable materials磨砂玻璃:sandblased glass,rubbed glass 玻璃砖:glass brick油漆:paint金:gold银:silves铜紫铜:copper黄铜:brass青铜:bronze铝:aluminium铸钢:cast steel不锈钢:stainless steel纤维板:fibre board铁钉:nails铆钉:rivet螺丝:screw螺栓:bolt高强螺栓:high strength tensile bolt 钢筋混凝土:reinforced concrete砂浆:mortar水泥:cement水磨石:terrazzo大理石:marble花岗岩:granite石膏:gypsum面砖:tile瓷砖:enameled brick釉面砖:glazed tile琉璃砖:terra cotta砖:brick马赛克:mosaic卫生器具:sanitary fixture 马桶: closet bowlpan蹲坑:squatting pan小便斗:urinal洗脸盆:wash basin妇洗器:bidet洗涤盆,水池:sink浴缸:bathtub淋浴:shower地漏:floor drain水龙头:tap毛巾架:towel rack肥皂盒:soap holder手纸盒:toilet paper holder 污水池:sewage sink厨房水池:kitchen sink起重机,吊车:crane,monorail 壁柜:closet消火栓:fire hydrant窗帘:curtain窗帘盒:curtain box窗台板:window board外窗台:sill老虎窗:dormer window天窗:skylight,monitor百叶窗:shutter纱窗:screen window卷帘门:rolling shutter door旋转门:revolving door折门:folding door弹簧门:swing door双向弹簧门:double acting sping door 防火门:fire door一般建筑房间名词梯田,屋子平顶,倾斜的平地:Terrace柱子:Column小块土地:Plot玄关: foyer隔断:partition过道:passageway标准层:standard floor阳台:balcony平台:terrace中庭:atrium走廊:corridor, passageway遮雨篷遮阳篷:awning入口:entrance地下室:basement, cellar半地下室:semi basement, sub basement公安局:police station法院:court house检察院:procuratorate台北国际大厦:taibei international building广播电视东方中心:oriental broadcasting & TV station 东方商务广场:oriental business concourse综合行政中心:comprehensive administrative centre 和建筑有关的名词和形容词:理性:rational;logos浪漫:romatic自然:nature科技:technology放松:relaxation活化:reinvigoration逻辑:logic混乱:confusion有秩序的:regular完整的:integrated;whole整齐:in order;orderliness杂乱无章:scattered and disorderly 沉重:ponderosity可持续发展:sustainable development 弹性:flexible多元化:diverse创造:creativity启发:inspiration人为环境:man-made environment自然环境:natural environment循环:cycle二元:duality摘要:abstract关键词:key words象征,代表:symbol发展适宜性分析:Developments suitability analysis 环境分析:environmental analysis土地使用测略:land use strategy规划备选方案:Alternative master plans土地使用平面:land use map开放空间架构:open space framework开放空间系统:open space system区域中心: Regional/focal point景观轴线:green axis/ finger山谷/溪流: valley/ creek水体:water body绿色屏障:green backdrop山顶:hill top景观视线分析:visual quality analysis 制高点:high point景观点:visual focal point标志性建筑群:signature buildings地标建筑:landmark tower视线通廊:view corridor视觉景锥视角:view coneangle交通动线系统:circulation hierarchy 城市干道:express way,city major road 主干道:primary road次干道:secondary road支路:community street交通节点:transit node景观环路:scenic loop公交终点站:bus terminal特钲分区:district character分期开发:phasing plan一期:phasing 1详细规划:detail control guideline土地需求总量分析:land demand analysis规划结构:planning framework启动项目:pilot projects邓加湖社区:dengjia lake community创意街区:creative district湖畔社区:lakeside community景观设计概念:landscape design concepts主要区域:key areas感受:to feel交流:to interact颂赞:to embrace视觉景观/认知景观:visual landscape / perceptual landscape 景观分区:landscape focal point景观风格分区:landscape identity软景和硬景:soft and hard edges水之广场:water front plaza亲水步阶:steps to water草坡休闲椅:seat walls on slopping lawn 散步道:promenade眺望点:look out point大草坪:the grand lawn塔:tower野餐聚集地:picnic area创意空间:multi purpose open space水岸步道:water front board work绿廊:green corridor声乐雕塑公园:sound sculpture park地块界线:parcel line建议岸线:proposed lake edge原有岸线:existing lake edge开放空间:open space水闸:water gate水坝:dam绿色建筑设计:green building design节能,有能源效果的:Energy-efficient建筑生态化:eco-architecture生态复育:ecological restoration热的:Thermal热封闭:Thermal envelope一、英美制到公制换算Linear Measure 长度单位:1 inch 英寸= millimetres 毫米1 foot 英尺=12 inches 英寸= metre 米1 yard 码=3 feet 英尺= metre 米1 statute mile 英里=1760 yards 码= kilometres 千米1 nautical mile 海里=1852 m. 米Square Measure 面积单位:1 square inch 平方英寸=5 平方厘米1 square foot 平方英尺=144 .平方英寸= 平方分米1 square yard 平方码=9 . 平方英尺= 平方米1 acre 英亩=4840 .平方码= hectare 公顷1 square mile 平方英里=640 acres 英亩=259 hectares 公顷Cubic Measure 体积单位:1 cubic inch 立方英寸=1 立方厘米1 cubic foot 立方英尺=1728 . 立方英寸= 立方米1 cubic yard 立方码=27 . 立方英尺= 立方米12Capacity Measure 容积单位:1、Britich 英制1 pint 品脱=20 fluid oz. 液量盎司= . 立方英寸= litre 升1 quart 夸脱=2 pints 品脱= litres 升1 gallon 加伦=4 quarts 夸脱= litres 升1 peck 配克=2 gallons 加伦= litres 升1 bushel 蒲式耳=4 pecks 配克=3 litres 升1 quarter 八蒲式耳=8 bushels 蒲式耳= hectolitres 百升2.1、American dry 美制干量1 pint 品脱= . 立方英寸= litre 升1 quart 夸脱=2 pints 品脱= litres 升1 peck 配克=8 quarts 夸脱= litres 升1 bushel 蒲式耳=4 pecks 配克= litres 升2.2、American liquid 美制液量1 pint 品脱=16 fluid oz. 液量盎司= . 立方英寸= litre 升1 quart 夸脱=2 pints 品脱= litre 升1 gallon 加伦=4 quarts 夸脱= litres 升Avoirdupois Weight 常衡单位:1 grain 格令= gram 克1 dram 打兰= grams 克1 ounce 盎司=16 drams 打兰= grams 克1 pound 磅=16 ounces 盎司=7000 grains 谷= kilogram 千克1 stone 英石=14 pounds 磅= kilograms 千克1 quarter 四分之一英担=2 stones 英石= kilograms 千克1 hundredweight 英担=4 quarters 四分之一英担= kilograms 千克1 short ton 短吨美吨=2000 pounds 磅= tonne 公吨1 long ton 长吨英吨=20 hundredweight 英担= tonnes 公吨二、公制到英制换算Linear Measure 长度单位:1 millimetre 毫米= inch 英寸1 centimetre 厘米=10 mm. 毫米= inch 英寸1 decimetre 分米=10 cm. 厘米= inches 英寸1 metre 米=10 dm. 分米= yards 码= feet 英尺1 decametre 十米=10 m. 米= yards 码1 hectometre 百米=100 m. 米= yards 码1 kilometre 千米=1000 m. 米= mile 英里1 mile marin 海里=1852 m. 米= mile 英里Square Measure 面积单位:1 square centimetre 平方厘米= 平方英寸1 square metre 平方米= 平方码1 are 公亩=100 square metres 平方米= 平方码1 hectare 公顷=100 ares 公亩= acres 英亩1 square kilometre 平方公里= 平方英里Cubic Measure 体积单位:1 cubic centimetre 立方厘米= 立方英寸1 cubic metre 立方米= 立方码Capacity Measure 容积1 millilitre 毫升= pint British 英制品脱1 centilitre 厘升=10 ml. 毫升= pint 品脱1 decilitre 分升=10 cl. 厘升= pint 品脱1 litre 升=10 dl. 分升= pints 品脱1 decalitre 十升=10 l. 升= gallons 加伦1 hectolitre 百升=100 l. 升= bushels 蒲式耳1 kilolitre 千升=1000 l. 升= quarters 八蒲式耳Weight 重量单位:1 milligram 毫克= grain 谷1 centigram 厘克=10 mg. 毫克= grain 谷1 decigram 分克=10 cg. 厘克= grains 谷1 gram 克=10 dg. 分克= grains 谷1 decagram 十克=10 g. 克= drams 打兰1 hectogram 百克=100 g. 克= ounces 盎司1 kilogram 千克=1000 g. 克= pounds 磅1 ton metric ton 吨,公吨=1000 kg. 千克= long ton 长吨,英吨= 短吨,美吨。
建筑术语中英对照表(全文完整)

建筑术语中英对照表(全文完整)下面是我为大家整理的建筑术语中英对比表(全文完整),供大家参考。
A-frame A 型骨架 A-truss A 型构架 abrasion 磨耗;磨蚀 abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机 abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) abrasive particle 磨粒 absorption 汲取 abutment 桥台;拱座 abutting end 邻接端 acceleration 加速 acceleration lane 加速车道 acceleration pedal 加速器踏板 accelerator 催凝剂;加速器;催化剂 acceptance criteria 接受准则 access 通路;通道 access door 检修门;通道门 access lane 进出路径 access panel 检修门 access point 入口处;出入通道处 access ramp 入口坡道;斜通道 access road 通路;通道 access shaft 竖井通道 access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板;出入踏板access tunnel 隧道通道 accessible roof 可到达的屋顶;有通道的屋顶 accessory 附件;配件 accident 事故;意外 accidental collapse 意外坍塌 accommodate 装设;容纳 accredited private laboratory 认可私营试验室accumulator 储压器;蓄电池accuracy limit 精确度极限 acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽 acid plant 酸洗设备;酸洗机 acid pump 酸液泵 acid tank 酸液缸 acoustic couplant 声耦合剂acoustic coupler 声耦合器acoustic lining 隔音板acousticscreen 隔声屏 acrylic paint 丙烯漆料 acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(阿加力胶片) active corrosion 活性腐蚀 active earth pressure 主动土压力active oxidation 活性氧化actual plot ratio 实际地积比率actuator 促动器;唧筒;激发器 adapt 改装 adaptor 适配器;适配接头(万能苏);转接器;接合器 addition 增设;加建 additional building works 增补建筑工程additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional plan 增补图则 additional vent 加设通风口 additive 添加剂 adhesive 黏结剂;胶黏剂 adhesive force 附力 adit 入口;通路;坑道口 adjacent construction 相邻建筑物 adjacent level 相邻水平adjacent site 相邻地盘 adjacent street 相邻街道 adjoining area 毗邻地区 adjoining building 毗邻建筑物 adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物 adjustable 可调校 adjuster 调整器adjustment 调校;调整 admixture 掺合剂;外加剂 advance directional sign 前置指路标志;方向预报标志 advance earthworks 前期土方工程advance warning sign 前置警告标志 advance works 前期工程 aeration 灌气 aeration tank 曝气池 aerial 天线 aerial rapid transit system 架空快速运输系统 aerial ropeway 架空缆车系统 aerial view 俯视图aerofoil 翼型 aerosol 悬浮微粒;喷雾 affix 贴附 aftercooler 后冷却器 afterfilter 后过滤器 agent 作用剂;代理人 aggregate 骨料;集料;碎石aggregate area 总面积aggregate grading 骨料级配aggregate superficial area 表面总面积 aggregate usable floor space 总有用楼面空间 agitator 搅拌器;搅动机 air bleeding 放气 airblower 鼓风机air brake 气压制动器air circuit 空气回路air circuit breaker 空气断路器 air cleaner 空气滤清器 air compressor 空气压缩机air compressor governor 空气压缩机调压器air conditioning 空气调整 air cooled chiller 风冷式冷冻机 air cooler 空气冷却器 air cooling system 空气冷却系统;风冷系统 air coupling valve 空气联接阀 air curtain fan 风帘风扇 air cylinder 气缸;气筒 air damper 风闸;气流调整器 air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气安排器 air dryer 空气干燥器 air duct 通风管道;气槽 air entrained cement 加气水泥;伴水泥 air entraining agent 加气剂 air exhaust 排气口 air filter 空气滤器;风隔;隔尘网 air filter chamber 空气过滤室 air flowmeter 风量计;空气流量计 air gap 气隙 air grill 空气格栅 air inlet 进风口;进气孔 air inlet louver 进气百叶 air inlet port 进气口 air intake 进风口;进气孔;入气口air intake duct 进风槽 air intake filter 进气过滤器 air isolating cock 空气隔断旋塞 air line breathing apparatus 气喉型呼吸器具air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器 air outlet 出风口 air outlet grille 空气出口栅格 air particle 空气粒子 air passage 风道air pipe/pipework 通气管;送气管air piston 空气活塞air pressure gauge 气压表air pressure switch 气压掣air pressurization system 空气加压系统 air receiver 空气储存器 air reservoir 储气缸 air restrictor 空气节流器 air shuttle valve 阻气阀 air sprayer 喷涂器 air spring 空气弹簧 air strainer 空气隔滤器;空气滤网 air supply outlet 供气出口 air supply valve 供气阀 air tank 空气箱 air valve 进出气阀;放气阀 air valve pit 进出气阀井;放气阀井 air vent cock 通风管旋塞 air ventilator 空气通风器air-operated damper 气动风闸airshaft 通风竖井airtight cover 气密盖 airy dry varnish 风干清漆 alarm 警报;警报器 alarm bell 警钟 alarm buzzer 警报器 alga 水藻 align 对准;调直;定线alignment (road) 路线;线向(特指道路中线的位置与方向) alignment plan (road) 路线平面图 alkali-silica reaction 碱矽反应 alkaline aggregate reaction 碱性集料反应 alkaline pump 碱液泵 alkaline tank 碱液缸 alkalinity 碱度 all-purpose road 混合车道;综合车道alley 巷 allowable load 容许载重;容许荷载 allowable stress 容许应力 alloy 合金 alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条 alluvial deposit 冲积土层;冲积物 alteration 更改;改建;改动 alternating current (a.c.) 沟通电 alternative design 替代设计 alternative route 替代路线alternator 沟通发电机 aluminium tape 铝带 amber flashing light 黄色闪灯 ambient pressure 四周压力 ambient temperature 环境温度;四周温度amendment 修订amenities 市容建筑;设施;康乐设施amenity area 美化市容地带 amenity railing 美观栏杆 ammeter 电流表;安培计 ampere (A) 安培(电流量单位) amplification 放大;增加amplitude 幅;振幅 anchor 锚;锚竿支撑 anchor bearing 锚承;锚座anchor bolt 锚栓 anchor plate 锚碇板 anchorage 锚碇;碇泊区;抛锚区;锚固 anchorage length 锚固长度 anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary facilities 附属设施ancillary installation 附带装置 ancillary works 附属工程 angle cutter 角铁切割机 angle iron bracket 角铁支架;角铁托架 angle probe 斜探头 angular velocity 角速度 annunciation lamp 警示灯annunciator 传播器;召唤器 anode 阳极 anode voltage 阳极电压antenna 天线 anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆 anti-creep device 防溜装置anti-lift roller 防升滚轮anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置 anti-skid dressing 防滑钢沙 anti-skid material 防滑物料 anti-slip 防滑动;防空转;防打滑 anti-static chain 抗静电链anti-static tyre 抗静电轮胎anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-syphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti-tip roller 防倾侧滚轮anti-vibration mounting 防震装置 anti-vibration pad 防震垫 anvil 铁砧 aperture 隙缝;孔口 apex 顶尖 apparatus 仪器;装置;器具;器材appliance 用具;装置;设备applied covering 外加掩盖物applied load 外施荷载 approach 进路;引道;接驳道路;引桥 approach channel 进港航道;引渠 approach ramp 引道坡 approach road 引道;进路approach speed 来车速度approach taper 楔形引道路段approach viaduct 高架引道approved material 经批准的物料approved plan 经批准的图则 appurtenance 附属物 apron 跳板;护板;停机坪 arc 电弧 arc contact 电弧触点 arc runner 电弧滚环 arc welding 电弧焊接arch 拱;弓形;拱门architect 建筑师;则师architectural decoration 建筑装饰 architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物 area traffic control system 区域交通掌握系统 argon arc welding 氩气焊 armature 电枢 arrangement 排列;布置 arresting assembly 止动装置 arterial highway 干线道路arterial traffic 干线交通 article of agreement 合约细则artificial lighting 人工照明as-built drawing 竣工图则as-constructed drawing 竣工图则 asbestos abatement works 石棉拆除工程 asbestos cement 石棉水泥 asbestos gasket 石棉垫片 ash pit 排渣槽;灰坑 asphalt 沥青 asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机 asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机 asphalt roofing 沥青屋面 asphaltic coating 沥青涂层 asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土 aspirator 吸气器 assemblage 组合物 assembly 装置;组合 assessment 评估 associated works 相关工程;相关设施at-grade pedestrian crossing 地面行人过路处at-grade signal controlled junction 交通灯掌握地面路口atmospheric distillation 常压蒸馏 atmospheric pressure 大气压力;常压 atmospheric temperature 常温 atomization air fan 雾化空气风扇 attachment 附件;附属物 attenuation 衰减 audible signal 音响讯号 audible warning 音响警号 authorities 权限 authority 主管当局 authorized officer 获授权人员 authorized person 获授权人;认可人士;核准人士 authorized works 获授权进行的工程;批准进行的工程 automatic (spark) ignition device 自动(火花)点火装置 automatic control switch 自动掌握开关automatic operation 自动操作automatic release 自动脱扣 automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器 automatic weather station 自动气象站 automation equipment 自动化设备 auxiliary control panel 帮助掣板 auxiliary equipment 帮助设备 auxiliary feedwater pump 帮助给水泵 auxiliary feedwater tank 帮助给水箱 auxiliary plant 帮助厂房 auxiliary system 帮助系统 auxiliary water pump 帮助水泵 average compressive stress 平均压应力 average strength 平均强度 axial fan 轴流式风扇 axial force 轴向力 axial load 轴向载重;轴向荷载 axial stress 轴向应力 axle bearing 车轴轴承(车轴啤令) back-fire 逆火 back-up area 后勤地区;帮助埸地backfill 回填;回填土backfill material 回填物料background noise 本底噪声;背景噪声 backing plate 垫板;背板baffle 隔板;挡板 baffle plate 遮挡板 baffle wall 遮挡墙 balance tank 调整池;均衡槽 balance weight 平衡锤 balanced load 平衡载重balancer 平冲器 balancing pipeline 平衡水管 balcony 露台 ball bearing 滚珠轴承 ball valve 浮球阀;球形阀;波阀 ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头 ballast 道碴bamboo scaffolding 竹枝棚架 band brake 带式制动器 band clamp 带夹 banshee alarm 尖啸警报 bar 铁枝;杆;巴(压力气单位) bar tendon 钢筋 barging area 驳运地点 barrack 营房 barrel 管筒;芯管 barrette 方形桩 barricade 路障;障碍物barrier 栏栅;护栏;障碍物;屏障 barrier block 路障 barrier gate 路闸 barrier plate 阻挡板 base 基座 base course 路面下层;承重层;路基层 base frame 基架 base insulator 基架绝缘器 base plate 底板;垫板 base sealing 底部密封胶 base slab 平底板 base support 底座支架 baseline 基线;底线;基准线 baseline programme 基线方案basement 地库;地窖;地下室 batching plant 混凝土混和机;配料厂batter pile 斜桩battery 蓄电池battery acid level 电池酸位battery cell volt 蓄电池电压 battery charger 电池充电器 battery electric locomotive 电力机车battery electrolyte 电池电解液battery-powered device 电池推动装置 beacon 闪光指示灯 bead 焊珠beam 横梁 bearing 支座;支承;承座;轴承(啤令);方向角 bearing capacity 承载力 bearing force 承重力量;承载力量 bearing pad 支承垫片;承重垫片 bearing pile 支承桩 bearing pin 支承栓钉 bearing plate 支承垫板 bearing stress 支承应力 bearing surface 支承面bedding 底层;层理 bedplate 座板 bedrock 基层岩 behaviour 性能;状况 Belisha beacon 斑马线灯;黄波灯 bellow pot 气囊;气囊筒 belt 带;皮带 belt conveyor 带式输送机 belt guard 皮带护罩 belt tension 皮带拉力bend 弯角;弯位;路弯;弯管 bending force 弯曲力 bending stress 弯曲应力 Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验 bentonite 膨润土;膨土岩 berm channel 斜水平台渠 berth 停靠处;碇泊位 bevel 斜角;斜面 bias 偏移 bill of quantities 工料清单 binder 黏合料 bit 钻头 ...。
外国建筑史名词解释(精简)

外国建筑史名词解释(精简)
1. Palladianism:潘拉迪亚主义,是一种16世纪意大利建筑风格,由建筑师安东尼·潘拉迪亚(Andrea Palladio)创立,以古罗马建筑为基础,融合古希腊建筑元素,以及维罗纳河谷的农场和庄园为特色。
2. Baroque:巴洛克,17世纪欧洲建筑风格,其特点是夸张、繁复、华丽、富有表现力的建筑结构。
3. Gothic:哥特式,是一种中世纪欧洲建筑风格,以其独特的拱门、尖塔、尖顶窗及精美的装饰性雕刻而闻名。
4. Neoclassical:新古典主义,是18世纪欧洲建筑风格,以古希腊和古罗马建筑风格为基础,融入现代建筑技术和装饰性元素,形成一种独特的建筑风格。
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金字塔pyramid 方尖碑obelisk 牌门楼pylon莲花式柱lotus column 纸草花式柱papyrus column 棕榈叶式柱palm column塔庙ziggurat 列柱围廊式peristyle 山花pediment多立克柱式Doric order 伊奥尼亚柱式Ionic order 曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。
科林斯柱式Corinthian order 檐口cornice 檐部entablature檐壁frieze 额枋architrave 柱头capital柱身column shaft 槽沟flute 圆底线脚torus柱基plinth 台基stylobate 输水道aqueduct万神庙pantheon 凯旋门triumphal arch 角斗场colosseum广场forum 托斯卡柱式Tuscan order 门廊potch,portico小穹顶cupola 平嵌线reglet 主穹顶main dome半穹顶semi dome 帆拱pendentive 会堂basilica中厅central nave 侧廊aisle 半圆形壁龛apse袖廊transept 柱廊colonnade 神坛altar拱廊atcade 壁上拱廊blind arcade 塔楼turret玫瑰窗rose window 扶壁buttress 尖顶pinnacle滴水兽gargoyle 顶端饰finial 花色窗棂tracery四叶饰quatrefoil 五叶饰cinquefoil 府邸mansion,palazzo鼓座drum 采光塔lantern 小侧窗bulleye window涡卷装饰cartouche 宣礼塔minaret 圣龛mihrab,prayer niche讲坛mimbar,pulpit 拱式vault type 筒拱barrel vault棱拱groin vault 肋骨拱rib bed vault 星形拱stellar vault网状拱reticulated vault 扇形拱fan vault 倒槽式拱trough vault钟乳拱stalactite vault 券式arch type 半圆券semicircular arch尖券pointed arch 弧形券segmental arch 葱花券ogee arch马蹄券horseshoe arch 交角券squinch 穹式dome type半球形穹顶semespherical dome 葱花穹顶ogee dome 方穹顶square dome阿拉伯花饰arabesque 阿拉伯式柱头Arabian capital中国古建史名词中英文对照1、中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple 殿hall 厅hall 又称“堂” 室room 房house亭pavilion阁pavilion 榭pavilion on terrace 水榭waterside pavilion台platform 坛altar 楼storied building廊colonnade 轩windowed veranda 民居folk house四合院courtyard house 寨stockaded village 舫boat house阙que, watchtower 牌楼pailou, decorated gateway 华表huabiao, ornamental pillar塔pagoda 硬山flush gable roof 悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof 庑殿hip roof 四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof 重檐double eave roof 攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof 大木wooden structure 大式wooden frame with dougong 小式wooden frame without dougong 大木作carpentry work 小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction井干式构架log cabin construction 檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column 内槽柱hypostyle column 唐代术语内柱hypostyle column 宋代术语山柱center column 角柱corner column 唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post 蜀柱king post 宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column 宋代术语侧脚cejiao 宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背bracket 由戗inverted V-shaped brace叉手chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩wooden pier 梁beam驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport 宋代术语袱beam 宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam 平梁3-purlin beam 宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam 四椽袱5-purlin beam 宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam 六椽袱7-purlin beam 宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽袱9-purlin beam 宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam 双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam 乳袱rufu, beam tie 宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie 角梁hip rafer (木行)purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式抟purlin 宋代术语脊(木行)ridged purlin 大式脊檩ridged purlin 小式脊抟ridged purlin 宋代术语金(木行)intermediate purlin 大式金檩intermediate purlin 小式上中平抟intermediate purlin 宋代术语老檐(木行)purlin on hypostyle 大、小式,宋代术语正心(木行)eave purlin 大式檐檩eave purlin 小式下平抟eave purlin 宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong) 大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong) 小式阑额architrave 宋代术语由额垫板cushion board 大式檐垫板cushion board 小式枋tiebeam 脊枋ridge tiebeam 上金枋upper purlin tiebeam 下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam 大式,指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam 小式,指檐口构造顶椽top rafter 脑椽upper rafter 花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter 飞檐椽flying rafter 飞子flying rafter 宋代术语连檐eave edging 瓦口tile edging 颔版tile edging 宋代术语举架raising the purlin 举析raising the purlin 宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins 材cai 栔qi 分fen 斗口doukou,mortise of cap block 斗拱dougong,bracket set 斗dou, bracket set 升block with cross mortise 大斗cap block栌斗cap block 宋代术语拱gong,bracketarm 翘flower arm, petal华拱flower arm 宋代术语昂ang,lever 槽升子center block齐心斗center block 宋代术语三才升small block 十八斗connection block交互斗connection block 宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm 泥道拱axial bracket arm 宋代术语瓜拱oval arm 瓜子拱oval arm 宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm 宋代术语厢拱regular arm 令拱regular arm 宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm 撑头small tie-beam 枋small tie-beam 宋代术语耍头nose 攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns 柱头铺作bracket set on columns 宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns 补间铺作bracket sets between columns 宋代术语角科bracket set on corner 转角铺作bracket set on corner 宋代术语出extension of bracket 出跳extension of bracket 宋代术语才cai 跳tiao 宋代术语雀替sparrow brace 搏缝板gable eave board 搏缝版gable eave board 宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work 内檐装修interior finish work 框槛door frame槛stud 抱框jamb on door or window 格栅partition door抹头window stool 棂子grill 裙板panel槛窗sill wall window 榻板window sill 支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing 门簪decorative cylinder 门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石bearing stone 抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone 天花ceiling 帽儿梁lattice framing 支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling 海墁天花flat ceiling 藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf 龛niche 博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry 檐墙eave wall 廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall 隔断墙vertical partition wall 槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head 挑檐石cantilever stone on eave 五花山墙stepped gable wall 拔磉corbel, hanging over 叠涩corbel, hanging over 宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab 压阑石rectangular stone slab 宋代术语台阶steps 踏道steps 宋代术语踏垛step 踏step 宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier 垂带drooping belt stone 副子drooping belt stone 宋代术语象眼triangular space 御路yulu, imperial path 羌差ramp须弥座xumizu圭角guijiao 上枋upper fillet and fascia 下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma, recta 下袅lower cyma, reversa 束腰suyao钩栏balustrade 宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade 宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade 望柱baluster 望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel 华版frieze panel 地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail 宋代术语柱顶石capital stone 柱础column base踬zhi 碑碣stone tablet 屃bixi, stone turtle 宋及宋前术语趺fu, stone turtle 清代术语石像生stone animal 石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile 板瓦flat tile 青瓦black tile脊瓦ridge tile 琉璃瓦glazed roof tile 勾头eave tile滴水drip tile 瓦当tile end, eave tile with pattern 正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei 宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gable roof戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being 走兽animal 砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern, colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern 旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画dragons pattern 天花彩画ceiling pattern箍头end portion of painted beam 藻头intermediate portion of painted beam枋心central portion of painted beam 点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting。