湖南长沙长郡中学2019届高三下一模

长郡中学2019届第一次适应性考试命题人：吕纯、全宏春审题人：陈珍、张静本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分满分150分，时量120分钟第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段时话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What is the weather like now?A．Rainy B．Fine C．Cloudy2．What will Mary do today?A．Study at home B．Go to the cinema C．Take an English contest3．Who did best in the exam?A．Sam B．John C．Sally4．When will the play start?A．At 7：20 B．At 7：30 C．At 8：055．Where is the woman’s MP4 player?A．In the bedroom B．In the sitting room C．In the kitchen第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或读白读两遍。

听笫6段村料，回答第6和笫7题两个小题。

6．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A drama B．A cartoon C．A documentary．7．How does the woman feel about this story?A．Surprised B．Disgusted C．Touched听第7段村料，回答笫8和第9两个小题。

8．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In a supermarket B．In a post office C．In an airport9．How long will it take to Canada by surface mail?A．About a week．B．About 9 days C．About 14 days．听第8段材料，回答笫10至12三个小题。

10．What are the two speakers going to do this weekend?A．Play tennis B．Go shopping C．Have a party11．When will the two speakers meet?A．Around 3：00 B．Around 2：30 C．Around 2：0012．How many people are going to attend the activity?A．Two B．Three C．Four．听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13．What does the woman ask the man to do?A．Smoke less．B．Put out the cigarette． C．Start smoking．14．How old was the man when he started smoking?A．15 years old．B．17 years old．C．19 years old．15．What do we know about the man’s father?A．He had throat cancer．B．He died from a disease．C．He quit smoking after getting married16．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Strangers．B．Doctor and patient．C．Husband and wife听第10段材料，回答笫17至第20四个小题。

17．Which city lies in the north of France?A．Paris．B．Lyon．C．Marseille．18．What is the population of Lyon?A．Over 10 million．B．1.26 million．C．1.23million．19．What is Lyon famous for?A．Sea products．B．Chemical industry．C．Buildings of the Middle Ages．20．Which city has a history of 2 600 years?A．Paris．B．Lyon．C．Marseille．第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中．选出最佳选项。

AOur backpacking trips are designed with those who begin to learn backpacking．We have a variety of trips from which to choose．Point Reyes Backpacking04／28／2019—04／29／2019Time：7：00am—6：00 pmCome to walk on the “wild”side at Point Reyes National Seashore one of California’s finest and most well-preserved wildlife areas．You might get a rare glimpse of a fox，a badger，or possibly the fallow deer．As an extra bonus，take a walk down to the beach where you can explore the wonders of tide pool life and possibly view seals or whales．Tahoe Backpacking08／17／2019—08／19／2019Time：7：00 am—6：00 pmThis section of the Tahoe Rim Trail parallels the well-known “Flume Trail” which earns its recognition for the breathtaking views of the bright blue waters of Lake Tahoe．Of course，to be able to view all of the lake at once，you will need to hike up in height．The trail reaches a height of 9，000 feet and ends at Tunnel Creek Station which is Just under 6，500 feet Peak Adventures has planned the daily mileage for this route to be manageable but challenging for beginning backpackers．Lassen Backpacking09／01／2019—09／03／2019Time：7：00 am—6 00 pmJoin us for a back country tour of one of the most recently active volcanic areas in the United States．The park contains a great diversity of landscapes (地貌) including lush marshes，thick forests and lava beds．We will spend three days and two nights backpacking past several streams and lakes．The intensity of this trip is suitable for beginners，but backpackers of all abilities are sure to enjoy the great diversity that Lassen offers．21．What does Point Reyes Backpacking attract backpackers most?A．The cool coastal air．B．The wonders of tide．C．The variety of wildlife．D．The well-preserved beach．22．Why do backpackers join in Tahoe Backpacking?A．To hike up a trail of 9，000 feet．B．To reach Tunnel Creek Station．C．To finish challenging daily mileage．D．To enjoy the scenery of Lake Tahoe．23．Who is the text mainly intended for'?A．Backpacking beginners．B．The local people．C．V olcano researchers．D．Skilled adventurers．BOn her first day tutoring students from low-income families at au after-school program in New York City，Alyssa Kapasi noticed how many kids were lining up for free sandwiches and fruit in the cafeteria．Many of these students don’t get enough to eat at home，so a school lunch or an after-school meal might be the most food they would get all day．Kapasi，who attends private school，was shocked．She was determined to help．“I want other kids to understand that if you see a problem，you don’t have to wait to be an adult to fix it，”says Kapasi．She and a group of friends are now putting their programming skills to work to create a mobile app called Food ForThought．Through the application，parents will be able to pay fo r their own children’s meal and will be presented with an option to donate 2-3 dollars to pay for a meal of another student．Other donors will also be able to donate money to help children get lunch in their community．One creative characteristic of the app is that the receivers of the contributions will be anonymous．To receive financial help a family will need only a recommendation from a school administrator，and no one else has to know．“I want to make my platform an application that all users feel no shame in using，”says Kapasi．“It astonished us that in one of the wealthiest and most advanced countries in the world there are still communities that are going hungry．By giving parents an easy option，we encourage their giving and raise their awareness that the re are students in their children’s school who are in need，”Kapasi says．She hopes to have the app ready to be used in New York City-based schools during the new school year．24．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1?A．Explain how shocked Kapasi was．B．Evaluate Kapasi’s experience as a volunteer．C．Tell how the idea for the app came to Kapasi．D．Describe how the after-school program went on．25．What can the app be used to do?A．Teach students to be independent．B．Improve students’ programming skil ls．C．Buy school lunches for children in need．D．Allow parents to keep in touch with their children．26．Which of the following best explains “anonymous” underlined in Paragraph 3?A．Inspired B．Selective C．Certain D．Unnamed27．What is Kapasi’s f uture plan?A．To use the app in softie schools．B．To encourage students to donate．C．To get more parents to visit schools．D．To make parents aware of world hunger．CThe Metro-Boston public bike share system，Hubway，is now available at a significant discount to low-income families and individuals．“SNAP Card to Ride” was launched by the Cities of Boston，Cambridge，Somerville，and the Town of Brookline．“SNAP Card to Ride” provides $5 monthly memberships and $50 annual memberships to individuals over the age of 16 with their household EBT card．The membership includes unlimited 60-minute trips rather than the current 30-minute trips，without additional usage fees．The program is part of an ongoing commitment to improve bike share access among traditionally under-served populations．Citizens who don’t receive SNAP benefits，but participate in other public assistance programs，will be able to access the discounted membership program in the near future．Convenient，easy online registration is available fur EBT card holder s at the hubway．com／SNAP/．After completing registration，members will have access to over 1，800 bikes at 194 stations across the fourmunicipalities(自治市)．Members with smartphone access can also use the Hubway mobile app to locate and unlock bikes．“Hubway shows that bike share is keeping its promise as a vital part of the Boston area’s transportation network—increasing access to the region’s existing transit network as well as communities underserved by public transit, ”said Jay H．Walder, CEO of Hubway. “We’re eager to continue to help grow a system that has truly served as an inspiration for a whole generation of bike share programs across the nation. ”Winter riding is available in all four municipalities for the first time this year，following several years of winter operations in the City of Cambridge．Boston，Brookline，Cambridge，and Somerville announced major expansion of the publicly-owned system．They’ll add over 100 new stations in 2018 and 2019 providing over 300 stations and approximately 3，000 bicycles for public use．28．Who is allowed to enjoy the “SNAP Card to Ride” program?A．Anyone benefiting from SNAP．B．Any individuals with a low income．C．Anyone over 16 with an EBT card．D．Anyone attending public assistance programs．29．What has to be done in order to benefit from“SNAP Card to Ride”?A．Sending an email to Hubway．B．Filling in all application form．C．Finishing registration paperwork．D．Completing registration online．30．Why did Hubway set up the new program?A．To market their EBT cards．B．To promote their bike share．C．To protect cultural diversity．D．To enrich the national transportation system．31．What can we infer about the bike share system in the four municipalities?A．It will disappear gradually．B．It is being challenged．C．It has a bright future．D．It has along way to go．DChimpanzees do have stronger muscles than us, but they are not nearly as powerful as many people think．“There’s this idea out there that chimpanzees are superhuman strong，”says Matthew O’Neill at the University of Arizona in Phoenix．Yet his team’s experiments and computer models show that a chimpan zee muscle is only about a third stronger than a human one of the same size．This result matches well with the few tests that have been done which suggest that when it comes to pulling and jumping, chimps are about 15 times as strong as humans relative to their todymass．But because they are lighter than the average person，humans can actually outperform them in absolute terms, says O’Neill．His findings suggest that other apes have similar muscle strength to chimpanzees “Humans are the odd ones, ” he says．O’Neill’s team has been studying the evolution of upright wal king．To create an accurate computer model of how chimps walk，the researchers needed to fold cut whether their muscles really are much stronger．So they removed small samples of leg muscle from three chimps and measured the strength of individual fibers(纤维)．The same procedure is used to study human muscles．Comparing the results with the many studies on those showed that，contrary to the claims of several other studies，there is nothing special about chimp muscle．“Chi mpanzee muscle is really no different than human muscle in terms of the force that individual fibers use，”says O’Neill．So why，on a pound-for-pound basis，are chimps slightly stronger than humans? The team went on to look at the muscle of chimps that had died of natural causes，which showed that two-thirds of their muscle is made of fast-twitch fibers，whereas more than half of human fibers are slow-twitch．Fast-twitch fibers are more powerful，but use more energy and become tired faster．Another factor, O’Neill found，is that chimps have longer fibers on average which also improves their strength．This adds to the evidence that walking uses far more energy for chimps than for people．The results fit well with the idea that early humans evolved to walk or run long distances．It seems that we gave up some strength for greater endurance(耐力) ．32．What does O’Neill mean when he says“Humans are the odd ones”?A．Humans are better at jumping and pulling things than chimps．B．Humans’ muscle strength is different from that of apes．C．Humans are heavier and stronger than chimpanzees．D．There is nothing special about human muscles．33．What contributes a lot to the strength of chimp muscles?A．The evolution of upright walking．B．The slow-twitch fibers in their muscles．C．Most of their muscles being made of short fibers．D．The fast-twitch fibers in their muscles．34．We can infer from the text that__________．A．short fibers provide more energy for the muscleB．early humans needed much more energy than chimpsC．human muscles are more suited to long distance runningD．slow-twitch muscle fibers help chimps survive in the wild35．What can we conclude according to the passage?A．Chimpanzees have much stronger muscles than us．B．Chimpanzees can Jump higher than us．C．Chimp muscle is almost the same as humans’ ．D．Humans can walk longer than Chimpanzees．第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。