定语从句
定语从句的类型及例子
定语从句的类型及例子
定语从句的类型主要有三种：限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和同位语从句。
以下每种类型各举一个例子，中英文间隔呈现：
1. 限制性定语从句
中文：这是一本我曾经读过的书。
英文：This is a book that I have ever read.
限制性定语从句通过提供必要的信息来定义或限制先行词（本句中的“书”），如果去掉定语从句，原句的意义将不完整或发生变化。
2. 非限制性定语从句
中文：我的邻居，一个和蔼的老人，经常帮助我。
英文：My neighbor, who is a kind old man, often helps me.
非限制性定语从句对先行词（本句中的“邻居”）提供额外信息，这些信息不是定义性的，如果去掉定语从句，原句的基本意义仍然完整。
3. 同位语从句
中文：我有一个梦想，那就是环游世界。
英文：I have a dream that is to travel around the world.
同位语从句用于解释或说明先行词（本句中的“梦想”）的具体内容，它与先行词在逻辑上是等同的，通常通过“that”引导从句。
这些例子展示了定语从句的不同类型及其在句子中的应用。
通过正确使用定语从句，我们可以更具体、更生动地描述事物和情境。
（完整版）定语从句详解+例句
Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。
换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(完整版)定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause ）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1. 结构：关系词 +主语+谓语+其它2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词： who ，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词： when ，where ，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who 。
The boy who is standingover there is Tom.He who doesn ’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选w h o m.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose. This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that 可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which ，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all 时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被 all, some, any 修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last 修饰时This is the last time that I ’ll give y oupocket m o n e y.⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
英语所有定语从句大全
英语所有定语从句大全什么是定语从句？定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它通常放在被修饰词之后。
定语从句起到限定和补充被修饰名词或代词的作用。
定语从句的分类定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对被修饰词进行限定的从句，如果删除该从句，主句的意思会受到严重影响。
例：The book that is on the table is mine.这本放在桌子上的书是我的。
2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对被修饰词进行补充说明的从句，如果删除该从句，主句的意思仍然可以完整表达。
例：John, who is a doctor, is my neighbor.约翰是我的邻居，他是个医生。
定语从句的引导词定语从句通常由引导词引导，以下是一些常用的引导词：- 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that- 关系副词：where, when, why关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物的名词，以下是各个关系代词的用法和例句：1. who- 用法：修饰人，并在定语从句中作主语。
- 例句：The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
2. whom- 用法：修饰人，并在定语从句中作宾语。
- 例句：The woman whom I met yesterday is a famous actress. 我昨天遇到的那位女士是一位著名的演员。
3. whose- 用法：修饰人或物，并表示所属关系。
- 例句：The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police. 那个车被盗的男子向警方报案了。
4. which- 用法：修饰物，并在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例句：The book which is on the shelf is very interesting.在书架上的那本书非常有趣。
定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1.结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它2.种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词：when，where，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。
The boy who is standing over there is Tom.He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③当先行词被all, some, any修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时This is the last time that I’ll give you pocket money.⑦尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
英语语法讲解之定语从句
英语语法讲解之定语从句一、几个基本概念1.定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/which/whom/whose﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why﹙3﹚引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
﹙4﹚引导词的功能(作用)：①连接先行词和定语从句。
②在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
5.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句Eg.The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Eg.The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.=I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.=介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在相关动词之后。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.※﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
定语从句
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成 分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语
时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that,
which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做
状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where地
点状语，when时间状语，why原因状
语) 。
I can’t forget the days which _______ / that I spent in the army.
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略) A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.
The Attributive Clause
1. 什么是定语从句？ 2. 定语从句的关系词有哪些？ 3. 如何判断使用关系代词还是关系副词？ 4. 在什么情况下定语从句中关系代词只能 用that不用which？什么情况下不用that？ 5. 什么是限定性定语从句？什么是非限定 性定语从句？ 6. as引导的定语从句如何使用？
5. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。 如： Mary is the only friend (that) I have in Australia. 玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。 She is the very thief (that) the policeman is looking for. 她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。 The last place they visited was the Summer Palace. 他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。
定语从句_语法知识归纳
定语从句语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
一．关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
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定语从句Attributive ClauseI定义：在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，它的作用相当与一个形容词,因此也叫形容词性从句.II五要素：1主句2 从句3 先行词:被修饰的名词词组或代词4 关系代/副词:连接主从句5 先行词在从句中充当的成分For example: This is a book which tells about clone technology.III定语从句的关系代/副词关系代词：that who whom which whose as关系副词：where when why注意：what、how不用来引导定语从句。
IV解题思路A关系代词1.先行词是人,先行词在从句中做主语,关系代词用who/thatThe boy who won the first prize is called Roy.2.先行词是人,先行词在从句中做宾语,关系代词用whom/who/thatThe girl whom I look after is very bright.3.先行词是物,先行词在从句中做主语,关系代词用which/thatDo you think most students prefer tests that have easy questions ?4.先行词是物,先行词在从句中做宾语,关系代词用which/thatI like the music ___I can dance to.A. thatB. whoseC. whenD. whichI like the music to ___I can dance .A. thatB. whoseC. whenD. which5.先行词是人/物,先行词在从句中做主/宾语,关系代词用that that=who/whom/which6.先行词是人/物,先行词在从句中做某一成分的定语,关系代词用whose(1). Do you know the man? (2). The man’s watch is missing.Do you know the man whose watch is missing?可以同of which互换whose whose + n.= the n. +of which注意：人用whom(1). Please pass me the book.(2). The book’s cover is green.Please pass me the book whose cover is greenPlease pass me the book the cover of which is green.关系副词7.先行词是时间,先行词在从句中做时间状语,关系副词用whenI will remember the time when we studied abroad.8.先行词是地点,先行词在从句中做地点状语,关系副词用whereThe playground where we used to play basketball doesn’t exist.9.先行词是原因,先行词在从句中做原因状语,关系副词用whyI have told you the reason why I beat him. The reason ---is that---AS的用法：as/which1.引导非限制性定语从句。
2. 搭配：so/such/ the same ---as---3. as引导的从句可前可后；which只能在后。
As…,句子。
句子, as/which…。
V解题思路B 根据从句所缺的成分填关系代/副词1从句缺主语，填who that which2从句缺宾语，填whom that which3从句缺表语，填that4从句缺定语，填whose5从句缺状语，填when where why6关系词代替一个句子，填as whichVI定语从句涉及的三个问题A.定语从句与同位语从句的区别B.介词+which=where/when/whyC.只能用that 作引导词注意在以下8种情况下,只用that 不用which1.先行词是all, any, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none ,the one 时There is much that should be used.2.先行词被all, any , no, only, little, much, very, every, some, few, none 等修饰时I have read all the books (that) you gave me.3. 当先行词前有形容词的最高级修饰时This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.4. 先行词前有序数词或the last修饰时,.The Great Wall is the last place that Mr. Smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing.5.当先行词既有人又有物的词时We talked of the things and persons that we remembered.6. 当先行词在定语从句中做表语时,无论先行词是人还是物China is no longer the country that she was.7.主句以there be 开头时There is little that I can do to make up for the lost time.8. 主句是用which, who引导的特殊疑问句，同时which, who在主句中做主语①Who is the man that is reading a book there?②Which is the magazine that you borrowed from the reading room?定语从句的命题角度及常犯错误在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句, 称为定语从句, 也叫形容词从句，被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词, 起“定语”的作用, 修饰说明名词,代词或主句全部内容; 通常在被修饰的词语(即“先行词”)之后, 由“关系词”引导。
“关系词”依其在定语从句中的功能, 又分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”两种。
要做好定语从句有关试题, 就得必须理解透“关系词”具有的三种功能:1) 引导一个定语从句(在从句开头);2) 指代或替代“先行词”;3) 在定语从句中充当成分。
因此定语从句的命题, 尤其是高考命题常基于上述三点来命制。
1. 命题角度从上述表中可看出, that引导的定语从句功能强, 除不能作定语(用whose)外, 其它几个功能都可用that。
所以命题角度主要以that与which指物时的区别为重点进行命制。
that指物时, 一般可以和which换用, 但在下列情况下, 一般使用that而不用which。
如果先行词是人时, 引导定语从句的关系代词用that或who (whom) 均可。
1) 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, something ,little, much 等不定代词时;2) 先行词被all, every. any, no, some, little, much 等不定代词修饰时；3) 先行词被序数词,形容词最高级或the only, the very, the same(根据句意有时也可用as), the last修饰时;4) 如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时;5) 当主句是以who 或which开始的特殊疑问句时。
E.g.:(1)---- You’re always working. Come on, let’s go shopping.----_____ you ever want to do is going shopping. (C)(2002年春季高考)A. AnythingB. SomethingC. AllD. That(2) She was too badly hurt. There was little _____ the doctor could do for her. (that)(3) 这正是我想要找的那本书。
This is the very book _____ I want to find. (that)(4) 对于你们正在谈论的那所学校和老师我一无所知。
I know nothing about the teachers and the school ____ you are talking about. (that)(5) 站在门口的那人是谁?Who is the person _____ is standing at the gate? (that)2) 正确区分关系代词that或which 与关系副词when (表时间), where (表地点), why (表原因)。
解题技巧: 重点根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词, 绝不能因先行词是时间名词就用when, 是地点名词就用where, 是reason就用why来确定。
E.g.:(6) The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (C) (NMET 2001)A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where（7）这就是我从教十年的那所学校。
This is the school _____ I have taught for ten years. (where) （8）这就是一些朋友今天在参观的那所学校。
This is the school ____ some friends are visiting today. (which／that)3) 当先行词在定语从句中作主语时, 应注意主谓语的一致性及被动语态问题。
解题技巧: 关系代词who(人)、which(物)、that(人或物)在定语从句中作主语时, 一定要与先行词保持主谓一致及语态一致, 绝不能与主句的主语保持一致。
(one of + 复数名词后接定语从句时, 先行词是复数名词; 当one前面有the very/the only修饰时, 先行词则为one )。