结构动力学课件—1dyanmics of structures-ch1 ch2-PPT课件

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结构动力学—1dyanmics of structures-ch1 ch

结构动力学—1dyanmics of structures-ch1 ch
For most problems in structural dynamics it may be assumed that mass does not vary with time, in which case Eq. (13) may be written
the second term is called the inertial force resisting the acceleration of the mass.
The equation of motion for the simple system is most easily formulated by directly expressing the equilibrium of all forces acting on the mass using d'Alembert's principle.
FIGURE 1-3 Sine-series representation of simple beam deflection.
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
Discrete Models
FIGURE 1-4 Lumped-mass id(ea)a1l9i9z9a年t台io湾n集o集f地a震集si鹿m大p桥l破e坏b状e态am.
(a) 1999年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态
Tasman Bridge Derwent River, Hobart, Australia (1975)
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
1.2 ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A DYNAMIC PROBLEM • timevarying nature of the dynamic problem • inertial forces (more fundamental distinction)

结构动力学课件PPT

结构动力学课件PPT

地震作用
200 0 -200
t(sec)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
结构在确定性荷载作用下的响应分析通 常称为结构振动分析。 结构在随机荷载作用下的响应分析, 被称为结构的随机振动分析。 本课程主要学习确定性荷载作用下的结 构振动分析。
§1-3 动力问题的基本特性
§2-5 广义单自由度体系:刚体集合
刚体的集合(弹性变形局限于局部弹性
元件中) 分布弹性(弹性变形在整个结构或某些 元件上连续形成) 只要可假定只有单一形式的位移,使得 结构按照单自由度体系运动,就可以按 照单自由度体系进行分析。
E2-1
A
x
x p( x,t ) = p a ( t )
1
令:
5l FE (t ) q(t ) 8

y FE (t )
FE(t) 定义为体系的等效动荷载或等效干扰力。其通用表达式
P FE (t )
含义:等效动荷载直接作用在质量自由度上产生的动位移与
实际动荷载产生的位移相等!
已经知道柔度和刚度k 之间的关系为: k 表达式成为:
简支梁: 比较: 刚架: 基本质量弹簧体系:
大型桥梁结构 的有限元模型
§1-5 运动方程的建立
定义
在结构动力分析中,描述体系质量运动规律的数学 方程,称为体系的运动微分方程,简称运动方程。 运动方程的解揭示了体系在各自由度方向的位移 随时间变化的规律。 建立运动方程是求解结构振动问题的重要基础。 常用方法:直接平衡法、虚功法、变分法。
(2-3)
刚度法: 取每一运动质量为隔离体,通过分析所受 的全部外力,建立质量各自由度的瞬时力平衡方 程,得到体系的运动方程。

结构动力学课件—dyanmics of structures-ch(2)

结构动力学课件—dyanmics of structures-ch(2)
184 BEAM FLEXURE: ORTHOGONALITY OF VIBRATION MODE SHAPES
CHAPTER 18. ANALYSIS OF UNDAMPED FREE VIBRATION
The second orthogonality condition, For a nonuniform beam, the equation of motion in free vibrations
CHAPTER 17. PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF MOTION
173 BEAM FLEXURE: INCLUDING AXIALFORCE EFFECTS
momentequilibrium equation now becomes
Rotation of beam axis
Example E182. Cantilever Beam
CHAPTER 18. ANALYSIS OF UNDAMPED FREE VIBRATION
CHAPTER 18. ANALYSIS OF UNDAMPED FREE VIBRATION
CHAPTER 18. ANALYSIS OF UNDAMPED FREE VIBRATION
183 BEAM FLEXURE: WITH DISTRIBUTED ELASTIC SUPPORT Separating variables as before
giving two independent equations
CHAPTER 18. ANALYSIS OF UNDAMPED FREE VIBRATION
equilibrium relationship for vertical forces

结构动力学课件-dyanmicsofstructures-ch

结构动力学课件-dyanmicsofstructures-ch
See Eq.(13-13)
the speed of convergence can be accelerated by shifting to a value very close to the root that is sought, it is good practice to shift at intervals during iteration, as better approximations of the root are obtained.
!Repeat the procedure to obtain higher modes!
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
136 INVERSE ITERATION--THE PREFERRED PROCEDURE
Not narrow banded
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
134 ANALYSIS OF HIGHER MODES Modal orthogonality properties
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
Divided by
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
Example E131.
Frame used in example Stodola analysis: (a) structural system; (b) flexibility influence coefficients ( x 3,600).

结构动力学1 56页

结构动力学1 56页
《结构动力学》
Dynamics of Structures
雷庆关 2011年3月
2019/12/11
Dynamics of Structures
1
参考教材
1.《结构力学(Ⅱ)》龙驭球、包世华主编,高等教育出版社 2.《结构动力学及其应用》陆伟民、刘雁编著,同济大学出版社 3.《结构动力学》包世华编著,武汉理工大学出版社 4.《结构动力学》杨茀康编著,人民交通出版社
输入 (动力荷载)
结构 (系统)
第四类问题:控制问题
输入 (动力荷载)
结构 (系统)
输出 (动力反应)
输出 (动力反应)
控制系统 (装置、能量)
2019/12/11Dynamics of Structures
本课程主要介绍结构的反应分析,其主要任务是:
讨论结构在动力荷载作用下反应的分析方法。 寻找结构固有动力特性、动力荷载和结构反应三者 间的相互关系,即结构在动力荷载作用下的反应规 律,为结构的动力可靠性(安全、舒适)设计提供 依据。
两个质点 一个DOF
两个质点 三个DOF
复杂体系可通过附加链 杆法确定体系的自由度
(2)体系动力自由度与其超静定次数无关
(3)体系动力自由度决定了结构动力计算的精度
转化
2019/12/11Dynamics of Structures
1.2 单自由度体系的自由振动
1.2.1 单自由度体系自由振动微分方程的建立 1.2.2 自由振动微分方程的解答 1.2.3 结构的自振周期和自振频率 1.2.4 阻尼对自由振动的影响
y
y2
EI
EI 2EI
(a)单自由度
v(t) u(t)
θ(t)
(c)三个自由度

第一章结构动力学概述1(长沙理工大学结构动力学)祥解PPT课件

第一章结构动力学概述1(长沙理工大学结构动力学)祥解PPT课件
结构动力学是研究动荷作用下结构动力反应规律的 学科。
1) 结构动力学的研究内容
当前结构动力学的研究内容可用下图表示
第一类问题:响应分析——正问题
输入 (动力荷载)
结构 (系统)
输出 (动力反应)
9
第二类问题:参数(或称系统)识别
输入 (动力荷载)
结构 (系统)
输出 (动力反应)
10
第三类问题:荷载识别。
结构动力学讲义
Tel.: Email:
1
教材 《结构动力学》
(杨茀康 人民交通出版社 张子明 清华大学出版社)
2
第一章、结构动力学概论
1.1 概述 1.2 基本概念 1.3 弹性系统的动力自由度 1.4 结构振动中的能量耗散-阻尼力 1.5结构运动方程的建立
3
1.1概述
首先请大家看中国唐山、日 本阪神地震及TOCOMA大桥 在风载下垮塌录像,希望能从 中体会到学习结构动力学的重 要性。更希望大家能学好结构 动力学!
m y(x)
广义坐标个数即 为自由度个数
m
结点位移个数即 为自由度个数
18
3. 自由度的确定
4)
1) 平面上的一个质点
• 理论计算法
对所设计的结构建立数学模型,通过计算机计算从理论 上验证设计是否满足动力性的要求。
• 试验量测法
用来检验数学模型的正确性,为理论计算提供确切数据。
• 试验与计算混合法
重要结构的动力研究常常需要将数值计算和试验结合起 来,一方面利用数值计算为结构试验提供依据,另一方 面,根据试验结果,不断修正模型以便数学模型能更好 地反映实际情况。
4
5
美国的TOCOMA大桥在风载下垮塌的案例
1940年7月1日,造型优美的塔科马钢铁大桥建成通车。大桥刚投入使用

《结构动力计算》PPT课件

《结构动力计算》PPT课件

Psint
1 k
1 EI
1 2
l 2
l 4
2 3
l 4
2
l3 48EI
2
k m
1
m
1
m
48EIg Ql3
EI
0.5l
0.5l
1
48
2.11011 7.48 105 9.8 35 103 43
57.43 / s
2.
荷载频率:
2n
60
2
500 60
52.36 / s
EI
0.25l MM1
3.
动力系数:
其中,
c 2m
为阻尼比, c为阻尼系数。
22
阻尼比ξ是结构阻尼的重要参数 。
§10.4 阻尼对振动的影响
1. 阻尼对体系自振频率的影响
考虑阻尼时体系的自振频率
r 1 2
<1为小阻尼,体系具有振动的性质;自振频率减小
>1(大阻尼)和=1(临界阻尼)时,体系不具有
振动的性。
通常ξ很小,一般结构可取 r≈ 。
的自振周期。EI1=3.528107Nm2.
I=∞
l=6m
• 结构的刚度系数即使柱顶发生单
位位移时,在柱顶需施加的力。 EI1
EI1
考虑梁AB的平衡可得:
k
24EI1
3
l
1
1
结构的自振频率和周期:
k m
2
24EI1g Wl 3
EI1
T
2
2
Wl 3 24EI1g
T 2
24
20 103 63 3.528 107 9.8
4. 最大动位移(振幅): yd max P 5.03mm

结构动力学课件—dyanmics of structures-ch13 14 15

结构动力学课件—dyanmics of structures-ch13 14 15
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
11.1 PRELIMINARY COMMENTS
132 FUNDAMENTAL MODE ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
The matrix iteration procedure can now be formulated with this sweeping matrix so that it converges toward the second mode of vibration.
CHAPTER 13. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BY MATRIX ITERATION
CHAPTER 14. SELECTION OF DYNAMIC DEGREES OF FREEDOM
141 FINITEELEMENT DEGREES OF FREEDOM
OneDimensional Elements Two and ThreeDimensional Elements
142 KINEMATIC CONSTRAINTS
If this component is removed from the assumed shape, the vector which remains may be said to be purified:
This puried trial vector will now converge toward the secondmode shape in the iteration process. However, roundoff errors are introduced in the numerical operations which permit firstmode components to reappear in the trial vector; therefore it is necessary to repeat this purification operation during each cycle of the iterative solution to ensure its convergence to the second mode.
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(a) 2019年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态
FIGURE 1-2 Basic difference between static and dynamic loads: (a) static loading; (b) dynamic loading.
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
1.2 ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A DYNAMIC PROBLEM • timevarying nature of the dynamic problem • inertial forces (more fundamental distinction)
known as d'Alembert's principle
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
1.4.2 Principle of Virtual Displacements
However, if the structural system is reasonably complex involving a number of interconnected mass points or bodies of finite size, the direct equilibration of all the forces acting in the system may be difficult. Frequently, the various forces involved may readily be expressed in terms of the displacement degrees of freedom, but their equilibrium relationships may be obscure. In this case, the principle of virtual displacements can be used to formulate the equations of motion as a substitute for the direct equilibrium relationships. The principle of virtual displacements may be expressed as follows. If a system which is in equilibrium under the action of a set of externally applied forces is subjected to a virtual displacement, i.e., a displacement pattern compatible with the system's constraints, the total work done by the set of forces will be zero.
制作人 Jilu Bridge(in Taiwan) in Jiji Earthquake of 2019
(a) 2019年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态
The Damages of Kobe Bridge(Japan) in Kobe Earthquake of 2019
For most problems in structural dynamics it may be assumed that mass does not vary with time, in which case Eq. (13) may be written
the second term is called the inertial force resisting the acceleration of the mass.
FIGURE 1-3 Sine-series representation of simple beam deflection.
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
Discrete Models
FIGURE 1-4 (a) 2019年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态 Lumped-mass idealization of a simple beam.
Dynamics of Structures
Junjie Wang Dept. of Bridge Engineering 2019.01
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
1.1 BACKGROUND
(a) simple harmonic; (b) complex;
(a) 2019年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态
FIGURE 1-5 Typical finite-element beam coordinates.
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
1.4 FORMULATION OF THE EQUATIONS OF MOTION
1.4.1 Direct Equilibration Using d'Alembert's Principle
The equations of motion of any dynamic system represent expressions of Newton's second law of motion, which states that the rate of change of momentum of any mass particle m is equal to the force acting on it. This relationship can be expressed mathematically by the differential equation
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
FEM Athird method of expressing the displacements of any given structure in terms of a nite number of discrete displacement coordinates, which combines certain features of both the lumpedmass and the generalizedcoordinate procedures
1.3 SOLUTIONS TO A DYNAMIC PROBLEM
Continuous Models (partial differential equations; generalized displacement, sum of a series)
(a) 2019年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
(a) 2019年台湾集集地震集鹿大桥破坏状态
Sunshine Skyway Bridge Tampa Bay, Florida (1980)
Tasman Bridge Derwent River, Hobart, Australia (1975)
(c) impulsive;
(d) long-duration.
FIGURE 1-1 Characteristics and sources of typical dynamic loadings
CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
集鹿大桥
制作人:同济大学桥梁工程系 孙利民
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