中医经典名词术语英译

此外，由于疾病属于客观存在物，不管人们如何称呼 它，它总是客观存在的。所以，中西医在疾病名称方 面，也有部分情况时完全对应的，在翻译这些术语时， 也可以借助西医术语进行英译，例如：
感冒 cold 梅毒 syphilis 疟疾 malaria 白喉 diphtheria 麻疹 measles 黄疸 jaundice 便秘 constipation 呃逆 hiccup
了解“阴阳”、“五行”等中医经典名 词术语的医学内涵。
掌握与西医术语的差异，理解中医的思 维模式，熟悉中医经典名词术语与现代 医学术语的差异。
掌握中医经典名词术语翻译的原则与方 法。
由于中西方医学是在两种完全不同的文 化背景下发展起来的，因此部分中医名 词术语代表的完全是中医特有概念，很 难在英文中找到对应词或等价物，在翻 译时只能采用音译的方法，需要是加上 必要的英文解释。例如中医的“阴”、 “阳”等。
的概念。
Translation Exercises Unit Four
I. Translate the following terms and expressions into English:
1.六淫 2.七情 3.五行 4.津液 5.营血 6.肝火
II. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
Translation of Classical Noun TCM Terms
Foreign language teaching center
Shanghai University of TCM
Overview of Classical Noun TCM Terms
Unit one
Learning Objectives
yin: a philosophical term in ancient China, referring to things or characters opposite to yang. The condition which appears as inert, internal, downward, cold, dim, material, inhibitive, and declining is attributive to yin. In TCM, it is widely used for explaining the physiological and pathological phenomena of human body, and for directing the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, for example, interior-syndrome are ascribed to yin.
Classical Noun TCM Terms on “经络”
Unit Three
“经络”是中医中重要的术语，目前对于其英译主要有 meridian与channel两种。要探究究竟哪种译法更贴切， 我们需要从其内涵开始探讨：
Meridian指a great circle of the celestial sphere
passing through its poles and the zenith of a given
place.
而Channel则指a usually tubular enclosed passage : conduit.从解释上可以看出meridian最初指经线；而 channel则指 通道/渠道之意。中医上的经络是指气血 运行的通道，从这个意义上讲channel更符合中医五行
1. 阴阳的对立消长是宇宙的基本规律 2. 阴阳相对平衡的破坏就会导致阴或阳
的偏盛或偏衰。 3. 相生是指一事物对另一事物有促进、
助长和资生的作用。 4. 相乘和相侮是不正常的相克现象。
5. 五脏与形体诸窍连成一个整体。
III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.
Classical Noun TCM Terms on Five-organs 有一些器官名称术语，这些名词术语与西医器官 相比，大部分所指代内容基本相同，因此在翻译时完 全可以借助于西医术语进行英译，例如：
肝 liver 心 heart 脾 spleen 肺 lung 肾 kidney 手 hand 脚 foot 四肢 extremities 关节 joint
yang: a philosophical term in ancient China, referring to things or characters opposite to yin. The condition which appears as active, external, upward, hot, bright, functional, exciting, and hyperactive is attributive to yang. In TCM, it is widely used for explaining the physiological and pathological phenomena of human body, and for directing the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, for example, superficies-syndrome, heat-syndrome, sthenia-syndrome are ascribed to yang.
The concept of yin-yang is probably the single most important and instinctive theory of Chinese medicine. It could be said that all Chinese medical physiology, pathology and treatment can, eventually, be reduced to yinyang. The concept of yin-yang is extremely simple, yet very profound. One can seemingly understand it on a rational level, and yet, continually find new expressions of it in clinical practice and , in deed, in life.