在职研究生考试(英语)试题

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在职研究生考试英语(翻译、作文)

Part VI Translation (10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answ et Sheet.Being unhappy is like an infectious disease. It causes people to shrink away from the suff erer. He soon finds himself alone and miserable. There is, however, a cure so simple as t o seem, at first glance, ridiculous: if you don't feel happy, pretend to be! It works. Befor e long you will find that instead of pushing people away, you attract them. You discover h ow deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will.Then the make-believe becomes a reality. Being happy, once it is realized as a duty and established as a habit, opens doors into unimaginable gardens filled with grateful friends.Part VII Writing (15 points)Directions: Write a composition of at least 150 words about the topic: The possibility of us ing the mobile phone to study English (or any other subject). You should write according t o the outline given below:1.我认为手机（不）可以用来学习英语或其他知识。

学历类《研究生考试》在职硕士《英语》考试试题及答案解析

学历类《研究生考试》在职硕士《英语》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1、The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A 、exhibitionB 、concertC 、excursionD 、contest正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析2、Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A 、schemesB 、meansC 、tracksD 、variables正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析3、How many people are aware that a dancer with the New York City Ballet typically wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes per year?A 、onlyB 、exactlyC 、atleastD 、fewerthan正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析4、The fear of smallpox, which terrorized the eighteenth century, has no analogy(likeness) today.A 、occurrenceB 、remnants 残留物C 、witnessesD 、parallel正确答案：D答案解析：暂无解析5、All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A、asaresultofB、consideringC、cognizantof(consciousof,awareof)D、whatever正确答案：D答案解析：暂无解析6、The flower bud of a water lily 百合 opens at sunset since .its opening is triggered(commence) .by the decreased light.A、alleviated减轻B、enduredC、setoffD、coveredup正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析7、Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A、appetizing(delicious)B、nutritiousC、dampD、chewed正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析8、With lasers scientists can probe many physical processes, such as combustion, once beyond our ken.视野A、understandingB、responsibilityC、interpretationD、notice正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析9、Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的 curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A、insatiable贪的无厌的B、inherentC、indiscriminate不加选择的D、incredible正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析10、Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A、wiggle摆动slowlyB、breathequicklyC、restD、perspire正确答案：D答案解析：暂无解析11、Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A、eagerB、surgingC、appreciativeD、vigorous正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析12、By the nineteenth century, embroidery on men’s clothing had virtually disappeared except for the occasional decorative vest and tie.A、almostB、definitelyC、alreadyD、universally正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析13、The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.A、completelydestroyB、carefullydisguiseC、sustainD、contain正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析14、Comets are still regarded with awe by some people.A、wonderB、concernC、resentmentD、detachment正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析15、The economy of Dallas, Texas, is strong and diversified .A、inflatedB、stableC、variedD、well-regulated正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析16、Although the Carbon 14 method of dating old objects is not foolproof , it is the best method available at presentA、whollyoperationalB、entirelyserviceableC、fullyreliableD、completelysafe正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析17、People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A、easilyannoyedB、illC、wearyD、stiffandsore正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析18、One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A、mostseriousdisappointmentsB、mostsignificantadvancesC、mostabruptdeclinesD、mostcrucialsituations正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析19、Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A、ontopofB、nexttoC、inspiteofD、withrespectto正确答案：D答案解析：暂无解析20、Cream of tartar 酒石 , a weak acid, can be added to egg whites to help them foam泡沫 when they are beatenA、whippedB、agedC、boiledD、cracked正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析。

在职研究生英语真题

在职研究生英语真题In recent years, more and more people are choosing to pursue a master's degree while still working. This trend is driven by the desire for career advancement, higher earning potential, and personal growth. As a result, there has been an increase in the number of in-service graduate students. However, the challenges that come with balancing work and study cannot be ignored. In this essay, I will discuss the benefits and challenges of being an in-service graduate student and share my own experiences.Firstly, one of the major benefits of being an in-service graduate student is the opportunity for career advancement. With a master's degree, individuals are more likely to be considered for promotions and job opportunities that require higher qualifications. This is especially true in competitive and fast-paced industries where advanced knowledge and skills are highly valued. Additionally, being an in-service graduate student allows individuals to apply the knowledge they learn in real-life work situations, which can benefit both their professional growth and their employers. Secondly, pursuing a master's degree while working provides the opportunity for higher earning potential. Studies have shown that individuals with advanced degrees tend to earn higher salaries compared to those with only undergraduate degrees. This is particularly true in fields such as business, engineering, and technology, where specialized knowledge and expertise are in high demand. By investing in their education and adding a master's degree to their resume, in-service graduate students can increase their earning potential and open doors to higher-paying job opportunities.However, being an in-service graduate student also comes with significant challenges. One of the main challenges is time management. Trying to balance the demands of work and study requires careful planning and organization. In-service graduate students often have to juggle work deadlines, class assignments, and exams, which can be overwhelming and stressful. It is crucial to develop effective time management strategies, prioritize tasks, and create a study schedule that allows for adequate rest and relaxation.Another challenge is the impact on personal life. Pursuing a master's degree while working often means sacrificing personal time and social engagements. In-service graduate students may have to reduce their participation in leisure activities, family gatherings, and social events in order to accommodate their study obligations. As a result, they may experience feelings of isolation and loneliness. It is essential to maintain a support network of family and friends who understand and support the decision to pursue higher education.In my own experience as an in-service graduate student, I have faced these challenges firsthand. Balancing a full-time job, studying, and personal commitments has been demanding, but the benefits have outweighed the challenges. The knowledge and skills I have gained through my master's degree have opened doors to new career opportunities and allowed me to expand my professional network. Moreover, I have learned valuable time management and self-discipline skills that have helped me become more efficient and productive in both my work and personal life.In conclusion, being an in-service graduate student offers numerous benefits, such as career advancement and higher earning potential. However, it also presents challenges, including time management and the impact on personal life. Through careful planning, support from family and friends, and perseverance, in-service graduate students can overcome these challenges and reap the rewards of their hard work. Pursuing a master's degree while working is undoubtedly a demanding journey, but it is one that can lead to personal and professional growth.。

在职研究生英语考题答案

在职研究生英语考题与答案25页1、2、101、今晚她很可能给我打电话。

（likely）1.She is very likely to ring me tonight.2、我看不懂这篇文章（beyond）2.Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.3、新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform）3. A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.4、做事不先考虑总会导致失败。

（result in）4.Acting before thinking always results in failure.5、他估计那项工作需要三个月。

（estimate）5.He estimated that the work would take three months.6、我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。

（promote）6.We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries.7.新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。

（push ahead）7.The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region.8、网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。

（have significant influence on） economy will have significant influence on the people’s life.9、在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。

（bring forward）9.At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.10、到目前为止，他们还没有找到遇难的渔船。

（推荐）历年来在职研究生英语考试试卷以及答案

（推荐）历年来在职研究⽣英语考试试卷以及答案2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考[供报考学科教学(英语)专业考⽣使⽤]Section I Use of English (20 minutes, 10 % )Read the Jbllowing text. Choose tile best word or phrase jbr eacb, numbered blank.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 01 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 02 , most people make several job choices during their working _ 03 ,partly because of economic and industrial changes and partly to 04 _ their position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 05 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 06 them for a field of work rather than for a single 07 Unfortunately, many young people have to make career plans 08 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor. They choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 09 because they know little about the occupational world. Some 10 from job to job; others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common 12 is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige (reputation) . Too many high school students choose their professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is 15 good reason for choosing it as life's work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants out of life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others 19 satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.01. IA] assignment lB] engagement [C] identification ID] occupation02. [ a ] however [ B ] therefore [ C ] though [ I) ] moreover03. [A] phases [ BI periods [ C] lives [ D] times04. [ A ] boost [ BI secure [C] upgrade [ D] improve05. IA] since [ Bi ever ICI hence [ D] thereof06. [A] stir [B] fit [C] fix [DJ suit07. [ A ] job [ B ] area [ C ] trade [ D ] firm08. [ A] against [ B ] beyond [ C ] versus [ D] without09. [ a ] basis [ B ] drive [ C ] policy [ D ] tactics10. [ A ] flow [ B ] drift [ C ] shift [ D ] float11. [ A ] proceed [ B ] appeal [ C ] stick [ D ] tend12. [ A ] misdeed [ B ] mistake [ C ] misdoing [ D ] misbehavior13. [ A ] considering [ B ] concerning [ C ] dismissing [ D ] disregarding14. [ a ] preferences [ B ] requirements [ C ] achievements [ D ] prospects15. [a] one [B] the [C] no ID] so16. [A] Regrettably [B] Unluckily IC] Nevertheless ID] Moreover17. [ A ] majority [ B ] whole [ C ] mass [ D ] mainstream18. [ A ] speculation [ B ] reflection [ C ] consideration [ D ] observation19. IA] sensual [BI virtual IC] intellectual [D] substantial20. [ A ] ventures [ B ] chances [ C ] stakes [ D ] risksSection II Reading comprehension (70 minutes, 50 % )Part ARead the following text and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D.As the material of genuine development is that of human contacts and associations, so the end, the value that is the criterion and directing guide of educational work, is social. The acquisition of skills is not an end in itself. They are things to be put to use, and that use is their contribution to a common and shared life. They are intended, indeed, to make an individual more capable of self-support and of self-respecting independence. But unless this end is placed in the context of services rendered to others, skills gained will be put to an egoistic and selfish use, and may be employed as means of a trained smartness in which one person gets the better of others. Too often, indeed, the schools, through reliance upon the spur of competition and the awarding of special honors and prizes, only build up and strengthen the character that makes an individual when he leaves school employ his special talents and superior skill to outwit his fellows without respect for the welfare of others. What is true of the skills acquired in school, is true also of the knowledge gained there. The educational end and the ultimate test of the value of what is learned is its use and application in carrying on and improving the common life of all. It should never be forgotten that the background of the traditional educationalsystem is a class society and that opportunity for instruction in certain subjects, especially literary ones and in mathematics beyond the bases of simple arithmetical subject, was reserved for the wellborn and the well-to-do. Because of this fact, knowledge of these subjects became a symbol of cultural superiority and social status. For many persons the possession of knowledge was a means of display, almost of showing off. Useful knowledge, on the other hand, was necessary only for those who were compelled by their class status to work for a living. The uselessness of knowledge for all purposes save purely personal culture was proof of its higher quality.Even after education in many countries was made universal, these standards of value persisted. There is no greater egoism than that of learning when it is treated simply as a mark of personal distinction to be held and cherished for its own sake. Yet the only way of eliminating this quality of exclusiveness is that all conditions of the school environment should tend in actual practice to develop in individuals the realization that knowledge is a possession held in trust for the furthering of the well-being of all.21. The author deems it right for schools to offer people[ A ] means of attaining their ends.[ B ] opportunities of gaining celebrity.[ C ] skills needed for serving the public.[ D ] knowledge for securing decent status.22. Learned skills may be applied properly as long as[ A ] they are intended for common good.[ B ] they submit to general social context.[ C ] they are used at the cost of self-interest.[ D] they defy all sorts of egoistic attempts.23. The author criticizes current education for its[ A ] stimulation of self-seeking ambitions.[ B ] advocacy of fighting for affluence.[ C ] encouragement of merciless rivalry.[ D ] preference for talented youngsters.24. Traditional education was unfair because of[ A] the privileges enjoyed by the noble class.[ B ] the general devaluation of useful knowledge.[ C ] the misuse of knowledge for mere self-display.[ D ] the inability of the poor to afford much training.25. The phrase "in trust (for)" in the last sentence of the text probably means[ A ] with firm faith (in) .[ B ] for the advantage (of)[ C ] in responsibility (for)[ D ] on full credit (to)26. The text ends by suggesting that[ A ] selfishness is inherent to the pursuit of knowledge.[ B ] universal education has been changed qualitatively.[ C ] learning should be prized for the advantages it gives.[ D ] education must persist in its social criteria of value.Part BYou are going to read an extract about telegraphic speech. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A - G the one which fits each gap (27 - 32) . There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Telegraphic SpeechAnother way that early child language has been characterized is that early sentences appear to be very much like telegrams. Because telegraph companies often charge by the word, when one sends a telegram one tries to eliminate as many of the words as possible while still retaining the essence of what must be communicated.27The words that are retained are content words, such as nouns and verbs; the words that are lost are most often function words, such as pronouns, articles, prepositions, conjunctions and verbal auxiliaries. Early child language appears to be very similar. In general, content words such as nouns and verbs are uttered, while other words are not.28Another difference is that not all function words are omitted. There are three types of function words which are likely to be used quite early in children's speech. The first is personal pronouns, especially first and second person and their possessive adjectives. Unlike many function words, these words have relatively clear referents, and are useful to communicate some of the basic roles in discourse and the concept of objects belonging to individuals.29A third class is verb particles, such as up in get up, down in put down, off in take off, or on in put on. Often the particles are used in place of the entire verb- particle unit instead of the verb alone, as might be expected.30There is reason to believe that the last word is more stressed than other words in a sentence. The third reason is that the verbs such as get, put, and take often have very general and vague meanings, which are probably difficult for the child to extract, whereas the meanings of up, down, off, and so on, are easier to understand.31Another trap in the telegraphic speech analogy is that in composing a telegram adults start with a complete utterance and eliminate function words. One can take the analogy too literally and suggest that children have more developed syntax than they show, but due to limited memory children express only part of thesyntactic torm they have available to them.32The characterization of early speech as telegraphic applies not 0niy to English, but to early speech in other languages as well. If one measures development in terms of the percentage of function morphemes present, one finds a consistent picture across languages.A The next class of function words used quite early is the demonstrative pronouns this and that. These pronounsserve a function in adult speech that corresponds to children's first referential utterances, and thus are among the first words used. These words, too, can be used to refer to the basic roles children first communicate.B The use of a verb particle in place of the verb is especially noticeable in children who are learning German, which makes much greater use of verb-particle constructions than does English.C The first people to study the two-word stage found that there appeared to be a consistent pattern to these early sentences. Although the child may have a vocabulary of 50 or more words, the first two-word sentences seemed to be such that one of the words usually seemed to come from a very small set of words.D As a general characterization, the term telegraphic speech seems quite proper, but one should be cautioned from taking the analogy too literally. For one thing, children tend to omit inflections, such as the plural ending on nouns. These inflections are retained by adults in telegrams, as the telegraphcompanies don't charge extra for them.E Most observers now believe that children use telegraphic speech because they have not mastered the other parts of the syntax rather than because of any memory limitations.F Suppose, for example, one wishes to communicate: My wallet has been stolen. Therefore I need money. Please send me $ 500 in care of American Express Copenhagen. The telegram would look something like this: WALLET STOLEN. SEND $ 500 AMERICAN EXPRESS COPENHAGEN.G There are at least three reasons why this happens. One is that such particles often convey the main stress in the sentence. When a caregiver says: let me pick you up, the main sentence stress is on the up. A second reason is that such words are often the last word in a sentence.Part CYou are going to read a passage about how to become more creative. Choose from the list A - G the headings which best summaries each paragraph ( 33 - 38) of the passage. There is one extra heading that you do not need to use.Tips on how to become more creative33Every night, for about 90 minutes, we drift into a strange, shadowy, magical world of our own creation. Poets, writers, artists and even scientists have found inspiration in their "dreamland" . Dreams are a message from the subconscious, away of tapping your inner self. Keep a note pad and pen by your bedside, and as soon as you wake, note down whatever snatches of dreams you can recall. Dreams can solve your problems, give you advice, reveal your true feelings, and be a source of inspiration.34Have you ever thought of a friend just as she unexpectedly phones you? Or sensed an atmosphere in a strange house? Or had a feeling which proved correct? Everyone has a sixth sense--but some use it more than others. To develop your natural psychic abilities, why not start with a simple experiment7 Draw six objects (anything-- a windmill, even a fruit bowl ) in secret, then ask a friend to "receive" the pictures, one at a time, while you "send" them in an adjacent room--then swap roles.35What are you aware of right now7 Look at a familiar object in the room as if seeing it for the first time--explore it with your eyes. Next, listen intently to any sounds you can hear. What can you smell and taste at this moment? Touch whatever is within reach, run your hand over and around it--how does it feel? During the next few weeks stimulate all your senses. Visit an art gallery, walk in a pine forest, luxuriate in a scented bubble bath, go to a concert; swim, have a message. Try to experience it all as if it were totally new to you.36If you're right-handed, develop the skills of your left hand or vice versa-allow it to draw something, switch TV channels or drink a cup of tea. Try this exercise: write a list of ten adjectives which characterize your personality using the hand you usually write with. A few days later, repeat the exercise writing with the otherhand. Then compare the two lists. You might be surprised at the secrets of your inner self! For example, on the first list you might have written that you're "witty", but the second list might say "suspicious" . Then try a similar exercise, making two lists of "What I would most like to do"37Have you ever longed to paint portraits or watercolours, write a novel, draw cartoons, compose a song, design your own clothes, set up a business or landscape your garden? If so, why not start now? Yes, you might discover that your fa'st efforts are laughable-- but try, try again. With a few notable exceptions such as Mozart, most people have't6 develop their creative talents through sheer hard work. Don't kid yourself that you. haven't any spare time. It's a question of making time, of seeing your talents as important enough to devote a few hours to each week. Who knows--you might be the next Laura Ashley or Agatha Christie?38Forget about being told off for daydreaming at school. Daydreaming is good for you! Whether it's a purely escapist fantasy, or a dream about how life might be in the future, only the right-brain has visions of this kind. Creative visualization, vividly imagining whatever you desire as if it has already happened--and reallybelieving in it, is said to be a powerful way of getting what you want. Many top sports people imagine themselves playing and winning--and it seems to work!A Activate your sensesB Record your dreamsC Discover your hidden talentsD Develop your intuitive powersE Try writing with the wrong handF Find time for quiet meditationG Let yourself daydreamPart DYou are going to read a passage about Britain's new drug policy. Decide whether the statements in the box agree with the information given in the passage. You should choose from the following:A YES = the statement agrees with the informationB NO = the statement contradicts the informationC NOT GIVEN = there is no information on this in the passageBritain's new drug policyFor those who believed we were finally making progress on tackling drugs, Nick Davies's report will have made disappointing reading. We were supposed to be in a new era where treatment was finally being given an increased priority, and the impossibility of the old policy's goals, stopping the suppliers, was more widely and realistically accepted. As recently as 1998, some 75% of a ~ 1.4 billion drug control programme went on enforcement and a mere 13% on treatment. But in a close examination of three aspects of the new programme--drugs action teams (DATs), drug treatment and testing orders (DTFOs), and arrest-referralworkers--Mr Davies documents frustrating shortcomings.He went to Bristol where he found the local drugs action team, with a budget of ~3.5m a year, had produced just five extra beds for drag treatment; the arrest- referral team after three years could provide no evidence that even one user had completed a treatment course; and in a city with 12, 500 drug users the local courts last year issued just 48 DTTOs. More serious than these particular policy problems are the structtJra] problems that Mr Davies finds: the 44 different funding streams; the 68-page treatment plan with its 82 targets; the central micro-management with its detailed national guidance and constant reporting back. In the words of Ire firmer manager, who claimed he was left with only 40% of his time to organise services: "They don't know very much about drugs, but they do know about management and monitoring and data collection. So that's what they do."To be fair to the policy-makers, a succession of independent auditors have pointed to a wide variationin local services. Bristol is one of the worst areas. There are 149 DATs nationally. They should not all be judged by Bristol. But even the good ones will be suffering from the micro-management and multiple funding streams that Mr Davies documents. Here are two issues that the new national treatment agency must take up.Whitehall should be reviewing its own policy-making process. DTTOs were an excellent idea, seriously damaged by poor administration. The admirable aim was to ensure drug users who are committing crimes to feed their habits, are treated in the community rather than prison. The programmes are designed to be intense and well-structured to reassure the courts and community. They are expensive (~ 6, 000 a year) but still far cheaper than prison (~ 35, 000 a year) . Offenders are tested for drugs twice a week, spending at least 15 hours a week in sessions designed to bring some order to their chaotic lives, with regular reviews by the courts of their progress. But a recent report by inspectors found the scheme had been unsuccessful because of the failure to produce a national plan and a launch which coincided with the reorganisation of the two key players--probation and primary care trusts.Mr Davies's report also concerns the readiness of Britain to return to an old remedy for dealing with heroin users: medical prescribing where addicts receive pure heroin rather than the low quality drug from the black market. It is the low quality drugs that cause the damage, not the heroin, which does not pose a physical threat, beyond its serious addiction problem. Although dropped by Britain in the last three decades, medical prescribing has successfully been taken up by Switzerland, Germany and the NetherlandYes No Not given39 The article shows a positive attitude towards Britain's new drug policy. IAI lB] IC]40 Drug treatment in Bristol was unsatisfactory. Ia] lB] ICI41 Imprisonment of drug users is not an effective solution. [a] [B] IC]42 The independent auditors have criticized the policy- makers. IAI [B] IC]43 The idea of DTFOs has been very successful. [ a ] [ B ] [ C ]44 Taking a small amount of pure heroin is not physically harmful. IA] lB] ICI45 Some people in Britain are against medical prescribing. IA] lB] [C]2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语⼆试卷⼆Section m Translation (20 minutes, 20 % )Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Assessment is broadly defined to include all activities that teachers and students undertake to get information that can be used diagnostically to alter teaching and learning. [ 46 ] When information from assessment is used to adapt teaching and learning to meet student needs, it becomes formative assessment. which includes teacher observation, classroom discussion, and analysis of student work.When teachers know how students are progressing and where they are having trouble, they can use this information to make necessary instructional adjustments, such as re-teaching, trying ahemative instructional approaches, or offering more opportunities for practice.[47] Black and William (1998) conducted an extensive research review of 250 journal articles and book chapters to determine whether formative assessment raises academic standards in the classroom. They concluded that efforts to strengthen formative assessment produce significant learning gains. Formative assessment apparently helps low-achieving students, including students with learning disabilities, even more than it helped other students.[48 ] Feedback given as part of formative assessment helps learners become aware of any gads that exist between their desired goal and their current knowledge, understanding, or skill and guides them throuAgh actions necessary to obtain the goal. The most helpful type of feedback on tests and homework provides specific comments about errors and specific suggestions for improvement and encourages students to focus their attention thoughtfully on the task rather than on simply getting the right answer. This type of feedback may be particularlyhelpful to lower achieving students because it emphasizes that students can improve as a result of effort rather than be doomed to low achievement due to some presumed lack of innate ability. [ 49 ] Formative assessment helps support theexpectation that all children can learn to high levels and counteracts the cycle in which students attribute poor pertbrmance to lack of ability and therefore become discouraged and unwilling to invest in further learning_While feedback generally originates from a teacher, learners can also play an important role in formative assessment through self-evaluation. [ 50 ] Two experimental research studies have shown that students who understand the learning objectives and assessment criteria and have opportunities to reflect on their work show greater improvement than those who do not. Students with learning disabilities who are taught to use self-monitoring strategies related to their understanding of reading and writing tasks also show performance gains ( Graham,& Harris, 1992)Section IV Writing (40 minutes, 20% )According to a recent survey, college students hold strong mistrusts to college examinations. The bar chart below shows some students' views on the issue.Write an essay to state your point of view on this issue. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to back up your argument. You should write about 300 words.2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语试题参考答案试卷⼀Section I Use of English01. D 02. A 03. C 04. D 05. C 06. B 07. A 08. D 09. A 10. Bll.C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. DPart B 27. F 28. D 29. A 30. G 31. B 32. EPartC 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. E 37. C 38. GPart D 39. B 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C试卷⼆SectionⅢTranslation46．当评价信息⽤来调整教学和学习从⽽满⾜学⽣的学习需求时，评价便成为形成性评价，它包括教师观察、课堂讨论以及对学⽣作业的分析。

2023年在职硕士《英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案

2023年在职硕士《英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】The company issues an annual report every March.A.a yearlyB. a comprehensiveC. a financialD.a product2.【单选题】Communication is one of the most important bonds that hold cultural systems together.A.obligationsB.qualitiesC. linksD. needs3.【单选题】Formerly , in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses rather than in hospitals.A.PreviouslyB. StrictlyC. OfficiallyD. Periodically4.【单选题】One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A. most serious disappointmentsB.most significant advancesC. most abrupt declinesD. most crucial situations5.【单选题】Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A.insatiable 贪的无厌的B. inherentC.indiscriminate 不加选择的D. incredible6.【单选题】In calculating the daily calorie requirements for an individual, variations in body size, physical activity, and age should be taken into account.A. numberedB. stabilizedC. contrastedD.considered7.【单选题】In 1974 Henry Aaron broke Babe Ruth's monumental lifetime record of 714 home runs.A.archaic(old, antique)B. degrading (discredit)C.outstandingD.entire8.【单选题】Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A.schemesB. meansC.tracksD. variables9.【单选题】The wheels of the first road vehicles were fashioned from crude stone disks.A.hand-carvedB.roughly madeC. flatD. heavy10.【单选题】Mary McCarthy s satires 讽刺文学are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision.A.fusedB.prefacedC. standardizedD. expressed11.【单选题】The economy of Dallas, Texas, is strong and diversified .A.inflatedB. stableC. variedD.well-regulated12.【单选题】An oversight 遗漏(miss, overslaugh) in proofreading often results in printed errors.A.An inconsistencyB. A discriminationC. A blotchD.An inattention13.【单选题】In literature, caricatures讽刺画usually contain verbal exaggeration through which the writer achieves comic and often satiric 讽刺effects.A. banter 取笑(tease)B. humorC. interactionD. overstatement14.【单选题】While Billie Holiday did not invent the music called "the blues", she most assuredly helped popularize it.A. finallyB.certainlyC.earnestlyD.enthusiastically15.【单选题】Blue－green algae grow abundantly in salt marshes.A. primarilyB.slowlyC.on plants(cultivate)D. in great numbers16.【单选题】Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.A. emphatically statedB. belligerently(aggressively) arguedC. accentuated(emphasize)D. entreated 恳求（implore, plea, invoke ）17.【单选题】With the acquisition of smaller companies by larger ones, the 1960's saw a wave of new conglomerates.A. surgeB.handfulC. suspensionD. dissolution 分解18.【单选题】Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A.wiggle 摆动slowlyB. breathe quicklyC. restD.perspire19.【单选题】The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.pletely destroyB. carefully disguiseC. sustainD. contain20.【单选题】How many people are aware that a dancer with the New York City Ballet typically wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes per year?A.onlyB. exactlyC. at leastD.fewer than第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.A.strangeB. certainC.inconsistentD. proper2.【单选题】The first paper was made from the bark of the mulberry tree.A. dried woodB. outer coveringC.syrup(sirup)D. root3.【单选题】Some cosmetics manufacturers attempt to capture the rose's unmistakable fragrance香味in soaps and perfumes.A.designB.textureC. scentD. freshness4.【单选题】Comets are still regarded with awe by some people.A. wonderB.concernC.resentmentD.detachment5.【单选题】Bats fly, rather than glide, and thus are the only mammals capable of true flight.A.straightB. safeC.realD.rapid6.【单选题】With lasers scientists can probe many physical processes, such as combustion, once beyond our ken.视野A. understandingB. responsibilityC.interpretationD. notice7.【单选题】The megaphone(microphone) makes the voice sound louder because it points sound waves in one direction and keeps them from spreading out in all directions.A.slitheringB.radiatingC. interferingD. murmuring8.【单选题】By the nineteenth century, embroidery on men's clothing had virtually disappeared except for the occasional decorative vest and tie.A. almostB. definitelyC.alreadyD.universally9.【单选题】Urban renewal programs strive to upgrade areas that are becoming slums.A.reproachB. improveC.fortifyD.uproot10.【单选题】Cream of tartar 酒石, a weak acid, can be added to egg whites to help them foam泡沫when they are beatenA.whippedB. agedC.boiledD.cracked11.【单选题】Eyespots, the most rudimentary eyes, are found in protozoan原生动物flagellates 鞭毛虫, flatworms 扁形虫, and segmented worms片段蠕虫.A.hostile-lookingB.perceptiveC. primitiveD.strangely formed12.【单选题】Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A.appetizing(delicious)B. nutritiousC. dampD. chewed13.【单选题】The controls of most modern airplanes can be operated either manually or automatically.A.by the bookB.by a mapC. by logicD. by hand14.【单选题】The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A.exhibitionB. concertC. excursionD.contest15.【单选题】Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous16.【单选题】People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A.easily annoyedB. illC. wearyD.stiff and sore17.【单选题】Although the Carbon 14 method of dating old objects is not foolproof , it is the best method available at presentA.wholly operationalB.entirely serviceableC.fully reliablepletely safe18.【单选题】Insect pests are among the leading causes of crop failure.A.expectedB. chiefC. naturalD. least19.【单选题】Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A. on top ofB.next toC.in spite ofD. with respect to20.【单选题】The Native American interpreter Sacajawea was a valuable member of the Lewis and dark expedition in 1805.A.very friendlyB. very usefulC. very thoughtful.D.very wealthy第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：A2.正确答案：C3.正确答案：A4.正确答案：B5.正确答案：A6.正确答案：D7.正确答案：C8.正确答案：B9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：D11.正确答案：C12.正确答案：D13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：B15.正确答案：D16.正确答案：A17.正确答案：A18.正确答案：D19.正确答案：A20.正确答案：C第2卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：B2.正确答案：B3.正确答案：C4.正确答案：A5.正确答案：C6.正确答案：A7.正确答案：B8.正确答案：A9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：A11.正确答案：C12.正确答案：C13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：A15.正确答案：A16.正确答案：A17.正确答案：C18.正确答案：B19.正确答案：D20.正确答案：B。

在职研究生考试(英语)试题

在职研究生考试(英语)试题2019年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷Paper One Part I Oral Communication (10 points) Section A Directions: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA. It's the other man I'm talking aboutB. They had been in there for about 5 minutesC. I thought you said there were three men Burney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gunme all your money” and the other one - Police officer:_____1______? Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. ___2___the one carrying the suitcase,well, he goes up to the other guy - Police officer: The one with the gun? Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she - well, all the other people behind the window - they hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase and they run out. It was l:35._____3_____ Dialogue TwoA. They still make movies like thatB. I like a good storyC. People today don't like that Speaker A: I like watching old movies and I think they are the best. Speaker B: I agree with you, even though they're in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color. Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies. Speaker B: No, therewasn't._____4_____. Speaker A: They like lots of action. Speaker B: ____5____. Speaker A: I like to see actors who are like real people. Speaker B: Like real people with real problems. Speaker A: ___6____.Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.，the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don't know, “GiveSection B Directions: In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A. I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowB. I do a lot of research on the Internet tooC. I document everythingD. Of course they mail their friends endlessly Interviewer: Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you? Interviewee:Three things: my Sharp laptop; my iphone 5; and my Olympus digitalcamera.____7___: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch my eye as I walk past. Interviewer: What do you use your computer for? Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my designwork on screen now and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers.___8____- there are some fantastic sites around now. Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home? Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home.___9___ - and on top of that they're always texting on their mobilephones! They play computer games when they think I or their father aren't looking! They don't like doing homework, of course, but there are some really good revision sites on the Internet. ___10___- 15 minutes for a whole supermarketPart I I Vocabulary (10 points) Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from thefour choices marked A, B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 11. His poor performance may beattributed to the lack of motivation.A. taken forB. viewed asC. caused byD. focused on 12. The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment. A. advertise B.publicize C. encourage D. obtain 13. Conditions for the growth of this plantare optimum in early summer. A. most desirable B. most favorite C. most expressive D. most acceptable 14. She often says her greatest happinessconsists in helping the disadvantaged children.A. relies onB. lies inC. is composed ofD. is proportionate to 15. Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers.A. under the control ofB. in the interestC. at the cost ofD. for the sake of 16. Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends how aggressively producers market it .A. effectivelyB. efficientlyC. rigorouslyD. vigorously17. Many New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist” building, lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A. in spite thatB. in case thatC. for fear thatD. in order that 18. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.A. presentationB. expressionC. imaginationD. impression 19. Television commercial have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years.A. pressureB. attackC. examinationD. reflection 20. The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last tern working to bring down the tax rate .A. considerableB. moderateC. sufficientD. plenty Part III Reading Comprehension (25 points) Section A Directions: In this section, there arefour passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage OneCheating is nothing new, But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent–and are less likely to be punished–than in thepast.Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows .Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic(，实用主义，的)than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in thelate sixties and early seventiesstudents were filled with visions about changing the worldtoday‟s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed.In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggestedthey did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked atit as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. “People are competitive,” said a second-year college student named Anna,from Chicago. There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself. To achieve .To succeed. It‟s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitantto take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo. sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. “I wouldcheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr. Huber said. He feels that as longas teachers gives short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individual who are doing it,” he said.“That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system.”21. Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A. are more likely to be punished than beforeB. have poor academic recordsC. are not only those academically weakD. tend to be dishonest in later years 22. According to the passage, whichof the following statements is true?A. Students' cheating has deep social roots.B. Students do not cheat on essay tests.C. Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.D. Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating. 23. Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huber agree with?A. Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.B. Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.C. Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.D. Students who cheat should be expelled from school.24. The expression “the individuals” (the last paragraph) refers to________.A. parentsB. teachersC. school administratorsD. students who cheat 25. The passage mainly discusses_______.A. the decline of moral standards of today's youthB. people's tolerance of students' cheatingC. ways to eliminate academic dishonestyD. factors leading to academic dishonestyPassage TwoOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren‟t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can'tafford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don't save nearly enough for retirement. In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates –but chances forlong-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidencethat traditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted forthe JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that studentswho'd had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn't.“We need to figure out how to do this the right way,” says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methodsdon't work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids' hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tacking such real-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? “It takes confidence t o take a stand and to think differently,” says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun,a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries, aims to helpkids get a leg up in their financial lives. “This goes beyond money and savings.” 26. The finan cial-literacy education is intended to________.A. increase Americans' awareness of the financial crisisB. renew Americans' enthusiasm about money-managementC. enable Americans to manage money wiselyD. help Americans to overcome the financial crisis 27. According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______.A. rewardingB. ineffectiveC. well-receivedD. costly 28. By saying thatA. has been regarded as imaginativeB. has received much criticismC. has gone through financial difficultiesD. has been more and more popular 29. Lewis Mandell suggests that weshould figure out how to ________.A. carry out financial-literacy education properlyB. manage money in a more efficient wayC. help students score better in money-management coursesD. improve the social awareness of financial education 30. JerooBillimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one's purchasing decisions________.A. difficultB. acceptableC. unwiseD. feasiblePassage ThreeThe American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates (碳水化合物) are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumers to buy their“carb-free” food products. But the truth is, the human body needs carbohydrates tofunction properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits; some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also containantioxidants (er.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits andvegetables - all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person's diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exercise program for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line: listen to the experts, not the advertisers!31. As is used in Paragraph l, the word “exhausted” most possiblymeans______A. starvingB. startledC. deprivedD. derived 抗氧化剂) , which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause canc32. According to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free”products_______A. are not telling the truthB. value consumers' well-beingC. are responsible for obesityD. offer healthy options 33. Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A. Prevention of cancer.B. Prevention of stroke.C. Prevention of heart disease.D. Prevention of fiber reduction. 34. It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet .A. contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsB. is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsC. is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fatsD. needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energy 35. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. explain how to live a healthy lifeB. describe the variety of carbohydratesC. advocate a healthy dietD. promote more physical exercise Passage FourLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks. She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate gives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she's not alone. While popular phobias(恐惧症) about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause seriousemotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia thatis taking over her life. She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these “rats with wings” finds its way onto the platform. Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend andI found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year - because these sorts of things always happen eventually- I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we “take advantage of the situation,”I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing. However, after the fear subsided(消退)I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet - it wasn't all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying? Not so much. Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on. 36. The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks becauseA. she is afraid that they may hurt herB. she couldn't bear their sound on plateC. she has been injured by them beforeD. she has never used them before37. The phrase “rats with wings” (Para. 3) refers to______A. exotic ratsB. devilsC. strange birdsD. pigeons 38. The author's fear of elevators is theresult of_______A. her terrible experienceB. her dislike of being in closed spacesC. her nervousness of being aloneD. her phobia for no reason 39. After the fear subsided, the authorrealized that______A. it was not as horrible as she had thoughtB. an elevator ride could be excitingC. she could have had a good time with her boyfriendD. her boyfriend's help was important 40. The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______A. explain why people have strange fearsB. introduce what strange fears people haveC. encourage people to overcome their fearsD. illustrate conquering a fear can be difficult Section B Directions: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and markyour answer on the Answer Sheet. One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children's education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school, helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask whether they‟re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L. Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn‟t.The researchers combed through nearly three decades' worth of surveys of American parents and tracked 63 different measures of parental participationin kids' academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexed these measures tochildren's academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even tobackfire(反) -regardless of a parent's race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter's homework every night? Robinson and Harris's data show that this won‟t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewer than half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don't take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policymakers have the most influence - they take place at home. Comment 1:Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise. Comment 2:It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn't mean they are ready for college or the work place. Comment 3:The article doesn't clearly define “helping,” but I understood it as actually assisting children in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they've completed their work. I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study would discour适得其age parents from monitoring their children's performance!41. The word“they” (Para. l) refers to .A. valuesB. obligationsC. studiesD. principles42. What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris‟s study?A. Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.B. Schools should communicate with parents regularly.C. The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.D. Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children. 43. Comment1 suggests that .A. parents may influence children's thinkingB. persistent parental involvement is a mustC. parents should leave their children aloneD. kids should be kids after all 44. The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that .A. social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in lifeB. high school is often boring in the U.S.C. high intelligence does not guarantee successD. getting ready for college is an emotional process 45. Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A. Assisting kids in their exercises.B. Making sure kids have finished their workC. Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.D. Monitoring kids' class performance. Part IV Cloze (10 points) Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we‟re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate. We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 . But there‟s something that the most sentimental-gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things 50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often, no. “Gift receivers would be 51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 . attempting to be …thoughtful and considerate‟by buying gifts they did not explicitly request” to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the costof a coffee maker) and feasibility(e.g. the 54 of the coffee maker). Across several experiments, they find that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility.46. A. have opened B. opened C. to open D. opening47. A. in place B. in return C. in person D. in turn48. A. Why B. How C. Whether D. When49. A. In many ways B. In many cases C. To be sure D. To sum up50. A. make for B. take up C. work out D. lead to51. A. happy B. surprised C. happier D. more surprised52. A. as to B. but for C. regardless of D. rather than53. A. select B. measure C. decide D. classify54. A. cost B. ease C. look D. quality55. A. nevertheless B. continuously C. unexpectedly D. whereas Part V Text Completion (20 points)Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging from 56 to75).Above each text there are three or fourphrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Text One A. sending B. as well as C. beyondPhrases:A. 56 the reach of most AmericansB. 57 young people to collegeC. 58 the wages of average familiesA research group in California has released aA. that the companies that 62 want moneyB. that could be spent 63C. and understandably 64Children are a special target of advertisers, 65 . Young people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said:Text Three A. between B. imitateC. accelerateD. otherwisePhrases:A. enabling the bird to 68B. it 69 couldC. would be difficult to 70D. from 71 its feathersThe emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate the bird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times faster than 72 . How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does soby releasing tiny air bubbles 73 .As these bubbles are released, the reduce friction on the surface of the penguin's wings, 74 .Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go fasterby using bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls (“the complexity of pengui n‟s wings 75 .” Paper Two Part VI Translation (10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write youranswer on the Answer Sheet. The social costs of unemployment go far beyond the welfare and unemployment payments made by the government. Unemployment increases the chances of divorce, child abuse, and alcoholism, a new federal survey shows. Some experts say the problem is only temporary - that new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys. Butfuturologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there船身) . However, researchers acknowledge that further investigation is challenging because They also suggest that family shouldwatch very little television. You can fill the time 67 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.will be a simple net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done.大学毕业时，小刘决定不找工作，他默默地从事起了网络翻译工作。

在职研究生考试英语(翻译、作文)

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