近两年在职研究生英语试题及答案
2023年在职硕士联考英语真题试题及答案A卷
2023年在职硕士联考英语真题试题及答案(A卷)Part I Dialogue CommunicationSection A1.Man: Jane, you won’t believe it. I won the lottery.Woman: __________.Man: No, it’s true. When I found out, I was shocked.A.So what?B.Does it really count?C.Are you putting me on?D.Immagine that!2. Man: It’s raining cats and dogs outside. Did you remember to bring the umbrella?Woman: Oops. __________.A.everything is fineB.you can count on meC.it’ll clear up soonD.it slipped my mind this morning3. Man: ________. How can I possibly review all this material by next week?Woman: Take it easy. I’ll help you with it.A.I’m going crazy!B.Can’t wait.C.I’m glad it’s finally over.D.What a load off!4. Man: G et a move on. We need to be at the airport in an hour.Woman: Come on! There’s plenty of time. Remember, we’re going on this trip to relax, __________.A.we’re in the same boat.B.not the other way aroundC.so let’s goD.so forget it5. Wife: Can you come over here please? Which one is better?Husband: __________.Wife: Come on, can’t you make u p your mind for once?A.I have no ideaB.I have nothong more to sayC.I don’t careD.I don’t like itSection B6. Man: I heard you’ve got a wonderful job in a post office. How is your new job going?Woman: I just feel like a fish out of water.Question: What does the woman feel about her new job?A.she is satisfied with itB.she feels uncomfortable itC.she feels it’s her dream come trueD.she finds it demanding7. Man: Hi, Linda. Are you going to teach after you graduate from that university?Woman: Where did you get the idea like that?Question: What can be concluded about Linda?A: She has no desire to teachB. She likes teaching very muchC. She has no idea about teachingD. She may choose to teach8. Man: Why, you have to ask your parents to pay your rent?Woman: Well, I am unable to make ends meet.Question: What do we know about the woman?A: She is unable to manage her moneyB. She can’t g et her parents to pay her rent.C. She can’t help her parents outD. She is financially in trouble9. Man: Ken and Sandra hope to sell their houses for $3 million.Woman: Yeah. They always think big.Question: What does the woman think of Ken and Sandra’s plan?A.It’s worth trying.B.It’s realistic.C.It’s not going to work.D.It’s ridiculous.10. Man: Excuse me. Do you need some help?Woman: Well… I’m trying to get to the railway station. But I can’t make heads or tails of this ticket machine.Question: What is the woman’s problem?A.She doesn’t have the small change with her.B.She doesn’t know how to use the machine.C.She is not sure how much the trip will costD.She is unable to get the ticket in time.Part II11. Discipline cannot be ______ until the last day of school has passed.A. lessenedB. reducedC. relaxedD. lowered12. some people argue that _____ regulations for water pollution will drive up costs and put jobs at risk.A. firmB. tightC. tenseD. close13. To keep her job, she has to ______ the bad temper of her boss.A. put up withB. take up onC. make up forD. come up with14. Student journalists are taught how to be ______ when writing in a limited space.A. convincingB. briefC. appealingD. expressive15. The discussion was so _____ that at intervals the speakersstopped for refreshments.A. exhaustedB. exhaustingC. excitedD. exciting16. The popularity of these schools is growing steadly _____ their tuition fees.A. instead ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. It is often not easy to _______ the marked generation gap which exists between the young and their elders.A. broadenB. breakC. bridgeD. build18. The drive from England to Scotland provides the tourist with many pleasant changes of ______.A. sceneryB. sightC. perspectiveD. scene19. This ambitious project, ______ scores of organizations around the world, will take at least ten years to be acomplished.A. indicatingB. composingC. containingD. involing20. Because of the popularity of the region, visitors are advised to book hotels _____.A. in orderB. in personC. in turnD. in advance21. He purposely ignored her call beca use he just didn’t feel like ______.A. disturbingB. to disturbC. being disturbedD. to be disturbed22. Do you really think Bill will help you write the report? Don’t count your chickens ____ they are hatched.A. asB. afterC. beforeD. while23. If you want a thing _____ well, do it yourself.A. doneB. doingC. to doD. being done24. The committee members agreed to the proposal that theissue _____ to immediate voting.A. is to be putB. be putC. should putD. must be put25. So loudly ______ that even people in the next room could hear him.A. did he speakB. does he speakC. he spokeD. he speaks26. To master a foreign language like French requires hard work, so you ____ study too hard.A. shouldB. mustC. can’tD. may not27. Gaining a new customer costs _____ keeping an old one.A. as many as five timesB. five times as many asC. as much as five timesD. five times as much as28. People with glasses are perceived to be up to ten IQ pointsmore intelligent than ____.A. those withoutB. that withoutC. these withoutD. one without29. Reading books, _____ takes the reader to other worlds, is a wonderful way to “escape”.A. thatB. whatC. asD. which30. Take 60mg up to four times a day, _____ advised otherwise by a doctor.A. ifB. untilC. thoughD. unlessPart III Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneThe rich have traditionally passed their wealth on to their children. But an increasing number of billionaires are choosing not to. The reason? They want their children to live on themselves—and not to turn into spoiled successors.Nicola Horlick or “supermum”, a famous British billionaire, owing to fact that she has high-flying jobs and five kids has spent her career making a reported £250m. She now seems determined to throw off large parts of it. She already gives away about 25% of her income each year; she has just revealed, in a report on the state of charity in the city, that she will not be leaving most of the remainder to her children. “I think it is wrong to give too much inherited wealth to children,” Horlick told the report’s authors. “I w ill not be leaving all my wealth to my children because that would just ruin their lives.”She is by no means the first to go public with this conviction. Bill Gates has put an estimated $30bn into the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This was supplemented, in 2023, by another $24bn or so from his friend Warren Buffett.Buffett has always been colorful, quotably clear on where he stands. His daughter often tells a story of finding herself without change for a car parking ticket—her father lent her $20, then promptly made her write him a check. “To suggest that the children of the wealthy should be just as wealthy,” he has said, “is like saying the members of America’s 2023 Olympic team should be made up only of the children of the 1980 Olympic team.”Anita Roddick, the late founder of the Body Shop, told her kids that they would not inherit one penny. The money that she made from the company would go into the Body Shop Foundation, which isn’t one of those awful tax shelters, like some in America. It just functions to take themoney and give it away.31.The billionaires mentioned in the passage don’t want toleave much of their wealth to their children because ________.A. they prefer to give their wealth to charityB. they want their business to go on healthilyC. they believe too much wealth will harm their childrenD. they hope their children can make more money themselves32.What do we learn about Nicola Horlick?A.She has already given away about 25% of her wealth.B.She is the first one who declares to give away her wealth.C.She will leave only a small portion of her wealth to her kids.D.She inherited most of her wealth from her parents.33.Buffett distinguishes himself for ________.A.his clear-cut positionB.being strict with his childrenC.his talent in financial managementD.being a giant in the stock market34.According to Buffett’s daughter, her father ________.A.refuses to lend her moneyB.wants her to invest in the Olympic GamesC.never gives her more money than necessaryD.always makes sure that she returns his money35.It is implied in the last paragraph that some foundations are used by the rich to ________.A.provide shelter for the poorB.build good fameC.avoid paying taxD.support their businessPassage TwoIt is football time again. Currently, the qualifying rounds are being played to decide which countries will send teams to the 2023 World Cup. Soccer is becoming more and more popular on a worldwide scale and these qualifying legs are causing much excitement.The game is popular at club level as well. Many fans go every week to support their team, whether the event is a home or away one, hoping to get a result. They all hope an attacking game, with a lot of goals being scored. Obviously, they do not want to see a boring, defensive match where the players are aimlessly passing the ball to each other.Sadly, not all the action always takes place on the ground. All too frequently, there is action in the stands, too. Football supporters, most of whom declare their loyalty by wearing their team’s colours, in the form of shirts, are not known for their quiet behaviour. They are often very noisy,shouting noisy encouragement to their team and singing deafening songs.There is much rivalry between supporters. Mostly, this is good-natured, but trouble can easily arise. Fans get angry if they feel that a referee has made a wrong decision, perhaps giving one of their team a red or yellow card unfairly, or perhaps failing to notice a foul (犯规) committed by a member of the other team.When trouble breaks out in a football crowd, it can be difficult to control. Stadium officials often seat the opposing fans in separate parts of the ground as a precaution against fighting. However, preventing trouble is more difficult outside the ground. In the worst cases, riot police have to be called in.Unfortunately, there are some fans who enjoy this violent aspect of football. These football hooligans (流氓) really enjoy a running battle with the police, and call up other people to throw stones and bottles at them. Theyregard football not as a sport, but as an excuse for troublemaking. Inevitably, their behaviour spoils the reputation of the game.36.The qualifying rounds are played to _______.A.attract soccer fansB.select the best teams for the next roundsC.raise funds for the organizersD.decide which players are the best37.What do the football fans hope to see?A.A home game.B.A defensive game.C.An evenly matched game.D.An exciting game.38.Fans get angry when they think _______.A.the referee is unfairB.their team is losingC.their team is not playing wellD.there is an intentional foul39.Riot police are called in _______.A.to separate the opposing fans inside the groundB.as a precaution against trouble inside the groundC.to stop fighting occurring outside the groundD.as a precaution against fighting outside the ground40.It is implied in the last paragraph that _______.A.football fans enjoy spoiling gamesB.football hooligans are crazy about the gamesC.football can be an excuse for troublemakingD.football has a poor reputationPassage ThreeOur sense of smell, which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we were aware of them. Onearea in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time manufacturers have taken advantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods. Millions of dollars are spent on product research in the hunt for the right smell as it is believed perfume influences the way consumers perceive a brand. In a survey in the United States, when people were asked what was the most important factor in their choice of detergent (洗衣粉), smell was rated highly, above ingredients and price.Now stores are becoming even more direct in their use of smell. The smell of fresh bread in a supermarket tends to encourage people to buy, and people selling their houses are recommended to have coffee being heated when potential buyers arrive. Suddenly smell is becoming big business. One company specializing in the use of smells to attract customers now has many large stores on its own list of customers. They find that when pleasant smells are filtered through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend tospend longer in the store and buy more.Research shows that smells can increase people’s view of the value of a product. In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms—one filled with purified air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. 84% of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would be prepared to pay up to US$10 more for a pair.Smells also have other potential uses. Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different effects in their workers according to the time of day. For example, early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense, the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage people to go to lunch on time. After lunch, when people often begin to lose concentration, thesmell of mint (薄荷) would increase their alertness.41.Which is the most appropriate title for the passage?A.How to avoid being affected by smellsing smells to influence peopleC.The power of our sense of smellD.New smells in supermarkets42.In the survey, when selecting detergent, people considered smell ________.A.not importantB.as important as priceC.less important than ingredientsD.more important than price43.To attract more customers, some large stores ________.A.employ a company specializing in the use of smellsB.provide free coffee for themC.filter purified air through air conditioningD.decorate themselves with fresh flowers44.The majority of people in the test (Para. 3) preferred ________.A.the smell of shoes to that of flowersB.the smell of flowers to that of shoesC.the shoes in the room with purified airD.the shoes in the room with appealing smells45.To produce a calming effect, some companies use thesmell of ________.A.lemonB.woodC.melting butterD.mintPassage FourThe First Rule of Finance is to live within your means by spending no more than 80% of your take-home pay. If you take home $100 per week, spend no more than $80.But ever look at what people spend their money on? I have relatives and friends deeply in debt, spending $12 forevery $10 they earn instead of the $8 you know they should be spending. When I see them, they’re proud of their new whatever. “What do you think of my new truck?” asked one from the driver’s seat. “Do you like my new shoes?” asked another on high heels. “Check out my new big screen,” said a third while holding the remote in his living room. We’ve all heard people fishing for compliments on their new toys.Every one of them was proud of what they’d finance d. They seem to have bought it for the purpose of being proud, of showing off, of keeping up with the Joneses. “Look at my new…” is everybody’s favorite phrase, even when the object in question isn’t theirs at all and won’t be new when they’ve finally paid for it, if they ever do.They’re proud of being stupid. They think it’s cool to drive the financed car, wear the financed shoes, and watch the financed TV, but to smart people, whose opinions are the only ones we should respect, these people look dumb as rocks.The Joneses, nine times out of 10, are financially stupid. That’s why they have all that stuff, on borrowed money. Why try to copy them? Worse, why try to impress them? Copy and impress smart people, the ones who own their stuff. If you want to impress smart people, debt is the last way to go about it. Trying to impress a money-smart person by going into debt is like trying to impress Olympic swimming champion Michael Phelps by drowning in a pool. Michael Phelps is impressed by good swimming, and a money-smart person by good money management.46.According to the author, the new truck, shoes and bigscreen mentioned in Para. 2 are ________.A.indicators of wealthB.necessities to the buyersC.just a waste of moneyD.examples of showing off47.“… the object in question isn’t theirs” (Para. 2) means ______.A.it is bought for other peopleB.it is bought with loaned moneyC.it will finally be owned by the bankD.it will finally be owned by the buyers48.According to the author, buying new objects on borrowed money is ________.A.unwiseB.shamefulC.understandableD.impressive49.“Smart people” in the last paragraph refer to ________.A.clever businessmenB.people with high IQsC.fashionable wealthy peopleD.people good at money management50.The purpose of this passage is to ________.A.show sympathy with poor consumersB.criticize consumption of luxuriesC.advise people to become money-smartD.persuade people to keep off fashionsPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.There is one fairly standard reason why some thinkers regard the meaning-of-life question as being itself meaningless. They argue __51___ meaning is a matter of language, not objects. It is a __52__ of the way we talk about things, not a feature of things themselves, __53___ shape, weight or color. A cabbage or a computer is not meaningful in itself; it becomes __54___ only by being caught up in our conversation. On this theory, we can make life __55__ by our talk about it; but it cannot have a meaning in itself, __56___ than a cloud can. It would not __57__ sense, for example, to speak of a cloud as being true or false. ___58__, truth and falsehood are functions ofour humman judgements about clouds. However, there are problems with this argument, __59___ there are with most philosophical arguments. We shall be __60___ a few of them later on.51. A. that B. how C. if D. what52. A. means B. question C. problem D. method53. A. with B. for C. like D. as54. A. this B. that C. such D. so55. A. rich B. important C. meaningful D. colorful56. A. not more B. far moreC. much moreD. any more57. A. make B. bring C. take D. give58. A. Hence B. Rather C. Still D. Therefore59. A. when B. since C. as D. for60. A. writing about B. hunting forC. listening toD. looking at英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Human friends may come and go, but a horse could be one of your most loyal, long-term friends if you treat it right.Horses understand words better than expected, since horses can hear the human voice better than even dogs can, due to their particular range of hearing. And scientists predict that trainers could have greater success if they use more verbal commands in their horse training programs.Horses possess excellent memories, which allow horses to not only recall their human friends after a long period of separation but also to remember some complex human instructions for ten years or more. The bonds with humans are likely an extension of horse behavior in the wild, since horsesvalue their own horse relatives and friends, and are also open to new, non-threatening acquaintances. Horses maintain long-term bonds with several members of their family group, but they also interact temporarily with members of other groups when forming herds.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “The Country I Would Like to Visit”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:1.假如有机会到国外度假两周，你会选择哪个国家?2.请至少给出三个理由。
学历类《研究生考试》在职硕士《英语》考试试题及答案解析
白岩松提问：这两天一下子新增了很多病例，是由于我们采用了 新的试剂，让它检测速度更快、更准了，还是跟病 毒自身的发展规律有关？
同学提问：请您和我们说说当前的疫情情况如何。
环节二：做好访前准备
我们每次采访前，必须做充分的准备。有文字的， 我一定尽可能找到所有的资料；没有文字材料的，也 要先找了解他的情况的人做一些调查。这样对这个采 访对象，就有了初步的了解。根据这些材料，我先反 复思考，提出问题。
采访方式：资料搜集
一次完整的新闻采访
如
访前准备
何
进
行
新
现场访谈
闻
采
访
后期整理
环节二：做好访前准备
请同学们阅读任务二，新闻 采访的第一条和第二条内容，圈 画关键词，思考如何做好访前准 备。
第一步：召开新闻选题会，确定报道 题材，拟定小组采访方案。
第二步：拟写采访提纲。
环节二：做好访前准备
第一步：召开新闻选题会，确定报道题材，拟定小组采 访方案。
一个新闻事件的采访对象，可以考虑： 01. 主要当事人 02. 参与者 03. 目击者 04. 知情人 04. 能够发表见解的权威人士或代表人士
采访背景：2020年1月，中国武汉出现一种新型冠状肺炎 感染病例，与2003年的SARS有类似之处，感 染人数还在不断攀升。
采访目的：邀请专家解读新冠肺炎，介绍新冠肺炎疫情 具体情况，提供公众防疫建议。
采访提纲
时间、地点 x月xx日下午放学后，xx社区居委会办公室
采访对象 在防控新冠肺炎疫情过程中表现突出的社区干部刘阿姨
采访目的 了解刘阿姨在疫情防控中的工作情况和所思所感
采访方式 深度访谈，照片拍摄
在职研究生英语考题答案
在职研究生英语考题与答案25页1、2、101、今晚她很可能给我打电话。
（likely）1.She is very likely to ring me tonight.2、我看不懂这篇文章（beyond）2.Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.3、新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform）3. A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.4、做事不先考虑总会导致失败。
（result in）4.Acting before thinking always results in failure.5、他估计那项工作需要三个月。
（estimate）5.He estimated that the work would take three months.6、我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。
（promote）6.We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries.7.新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。
（push ahead）7.The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region.8、网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。
（have significant influence on） economy will have significant influence on the people’s life.9、在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。
（bring forward）9.At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.10、到目前为止，他们还没有找到遇难的渔船。
在职研究生《研究生英语》课程结业考试试卷2答案
在职研究生《研究生英语》课程结业考试试卷2答案Part I1. b2. a3. b4. b5. a6. c7. c8. c9. a 10. d 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. a 15. b 16. a 17. a 18. b 19. c 20. cPart II21. b 22. c 23. a 24. b 25. c 26. a 27. d 28. b 29. a 30. c 31. d 32. c 33. d 34. b 35. a 36. d 37. b 38. c 39. a 40. d41. b 42. a 43. d 44. d 45. b 46. c 47. a 48. a 49. c 50. c 51. d 52. a 53. d 54. b 55. d 56. c 57. a 58. b 59. c 60. cPart III61. d 62. b 63. c 64. a 65. b66. c 67. b 68. b 69. d 70. a71. d 72. a 73. c 74. b 75. c76. c 77. b 78. d 79. d 80. cPart IV89. Office-practice lawyers’advocacy for their clients is notdirected at the judge or the jury.90. The four major functions of money are as a medium ofexchange, a standard of value, a standard of deferred payment, and a store of value.87. That shopping mall covers an area of 200,000 square meters,which has eight floors with many shops selling famous-brand products in it.88.The old and shabby black and white TV in his dormitory was leftby his friend86. The chief objective of the W orld Bank is to assist in thereconstruction and development of members’ territories.81-85 在美国，普通法的影响一直是主要的。
（推荐）历年来在职研究生英语考试试卷以及答案
（推荐）历年来在职研究⽣英语考试试卷以及答案2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考[供报考学科教学(英语)专业考⽣使⽤]Section I Use of English (20 minutes, 10 % )Read the Jbllowing text. Choose tile best word or phrase jbr eacb, numbered blank.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 01 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 02 , most people make several job choices during their working _ 03 ,partly because of economic and industrial changes and partly to 04 _ their position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 05 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 06 them for a field of work rather than for a single 07 Unfortunately, many young people have to make career plans 08 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor. They choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 09 because they know little about the occupational world. Some 10 from job to job; others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common 12 is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige (reputation) . Too many high school students choose their professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is 15 good reason for choosing it as life's work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants out of life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others 19 satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.01. IA] assignment lB] engagement [C] identification ID] occupation02. [ a ] however [ B ] therefore [ C ] though [ I) ] moreover03. [A] phases [ BI periods [ C] lives [ D] times04. [ A ] boost [ BI secure [C] upgrade [ D] improve05. IA] since [ Bi ever ICI hence [ D] thereof06. [A] stir [B] fit [C] fix [DJ suit07. [ A ] job [ B ] area [ C ] trade [ D ] firm08. [ A] against [ B ] beyond [ C ] versus [ D] without09. [ a ] basis [ B ] drive [ C ] policy [ D ] tactics10. [ A ] flow [ B ] drift [ C ] shift [ D ] float11. [ A ] proceed [ B ] appeal [ C ] stick [ D ] tend12. [ A ] misdeed [ B ] mistake [ C ] misdoing [ D ] misbehavior13. [ A ] considering [ B ] concerning [ C ] dismissing [ D ] disregarding14. [ a ] preferences [ B ] requirements [ C ] achievements [ D ] prospects15. [a] one [B] the [C] no ID] so16. [A] Regrettably [B] Unluckily IC] Nevertheless ID] Moreover17. [ A ] majority [ B ] whole [ C ] mass [ D ] mainstream18. [ A ] speculation [ B ] reflection [ C ] consideration [ D ] observation19. IA] sensual [BI virtual IC] intellectual [D] substantial20. [ A ] ventures [ B ] chances [ C ] stakes [ D ] risksSection II Reading comprehension (70 minutes, 50 % )Part ARead the following text and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D.As the material of genuine development is that of human contacts and associations, so the end, the value that is the criterion and directing guide of educational work, is social. The acquisition of skills is not an end in itself. They are things to be put to use, and that use is their contribution to a common and shared life. They are intended, indeed, to make an individual more capable of self-support and of self-respecting independence. But unless this end is placed in the context of services rendered to others, skills gained will be put to an egoistic and selfish use, and may be employed as means of a trained smartness in which one person gets the better of others. Too often, indeed, the schools, through reliance upon the spur of competition and the awarding of special honors and prizes, only build up and strengthen the character that makes an individual when he leaves school employ his special talents and superior skill to outwit his fellows without respect for the welfare of others. What is true of the skills acquired in school, is true also of the knowledge gained there. The educational end and the ultimate test of the value of what is learned is its use and application in carrying on and improving the common life of all. It should never be forgotten that the background of the traditional educationalsystem is a class society and that opportunity for instruction in certain subjects, especially literary ones and in mathematics beyond the bases of simple arithmetical subject, was reserved for the wellborn and the well-to-do. Because of this fact, knowledge of these subjects became a symbol of cultural superiority and social status. For many persons the possession of knowledge was a means of display, almost of showing off. Useful knowledge, on the other hand, was necessary only for those who were compelled by their class status to work for a living. The uselessness of knowledge for all purposes save purely personal culture was proof of its higher quality.Even after education in many countries was made universal, these standards of value persisted. There is no greater egoism than that of learning when it is treated simply as a mark of personal distinction to be held and cherished for its own sake. Yet the only way of eliminating this quality of exclusiveness is that all conditions of the school environment should tend in actual practice to develop in individuals the realization that knowledge is a possession held in trust for the furthering of the well-being of all.21. The author deems it right for schools to offer people[ A ] means of attaining their ends.[ B ] opportunities of gaining celebrity.[ C ] skills needed for serving the public.[ D ] knowledge for securing decent status.22. Learned skills may be applied properly as long as[ A ] they are intended for common good.[ B ] they submit to general social context.[ C ] they are used at the cost of self-interest.[ D] they defy all sorts of egoistic attempts.23. The author criticizes current education for its[ A ] stimulation of self-seeking ambitions.[ B ] advocacy of fighting for affluence.[ C ] encouragement of merciless rivalry.[ D ] preference for talented youngsters.24. Traditional education was unfair because of[ A] the privileges enjoyed by the noble class.[ B ] the general devaluation of useful knowledge.[ C ] the misuse of knowledge for mere self-display.[ D ] the inability of the poor to afford much training.25. The phrase "in trust (for)" in the last sentence of the text probably means[ A ] with firm faith (in) .[ B ] for the advantage (of)[ C ] in responsibility (for)[ D ] on full credit (to)26. The text ends by suggesting that[ A ] selfishness is inherent to the pursuit of knowledge.[ B ] universal education has been changed qualitatively.[ C ] learning should be prized for the advantages it gives.[ D ] education must persist in its social criteria of value.Part BYou are going to read an extract about telegraphic speech. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A - G the one which fits each gap (27 - 32) . There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Telegraphic SpeechAnother way that early child language has been characterized is that early sentences appear to be very much like telegrams. Because telegraph companies often charge by the word, when one sends a telegram one tries to eliminate as many of the words as possible while still retaining the essence of what must be communicated.27The words that are retained are content words, such as nouns and verbs; the words that are lost are most often function words, such as pronouns, articles, prepositions, conjunctions and verbal auxiliaries. Early child language appears to be very similar. In general, content words such as nouns and verbs are uttered, while other words are not.28Another difference is that not all function words are omitted. There are three types of function words which are likely to be used quite early in children's speech. The first is personal pronouns, especially first and second person and their possessive adjectives. Unlike many function words, these words have relatively clear referents, and are useful to communicate some of the basic roles in discourse and the concept of objects belonging to individuals.29A third class is verb particles, such as up in get up, down in put down, off in take off, or on in put on. Often the particles are used in place of the entire verb- particle unit instead of the verb alone, as might be expected.30There is reason to believe that the last word is more stressed than other words in a sentence. The third reason is that the verbs such as get, put, and take often have very general and vague meanings, which are probably difficult for the child to extract, whereas the meanings of up, down, off, and so on, are easier to understand.31Another trap in the telegraphic speech analogy is that in composing a telegram adults start with a complete utterance and eliminate function words. One can take the analogy too literally and suggest that children have more developed syntax than they show, but due to limited memory children express only part of thesyntactic torm they have available to them.32The characterization of early speech as telegraphic applies not 0niy to English, but to early speech in other languages as well. If one measures development in terms of the percentage of function morphemes present, one finds a consistent picture across languages.A The next class of function words used quite early is the demonstrative pronouns this and that. These pronounsserve a function in adult speech that corresponds to children's first referential utterances, and thus are among the first words used. These words, too, can be used to refer to the basic roles children first communicate.B The use of a verb particle in place of the verb is especially noticeable in children who are learning German, which makes much greater use of verb-particle constructions than does English.C The first people to study the two-word stage found that there appeared to be a consistent pattern to these early sentences. Although the child may have a vocabulary of 50 or more words, the first two-word sentences seemed to be such that one of the words usually seemed to come from a very small set of words.D As a general characterization, the term telegraphic speech seems quite proper, but one should be cautioned from taking the analogy too literally. For one thing, children tend to omit inflections, such as the plural ending on nouns. These inflections are retained by adults in telegrams, as the telegraphcompanies don't charge extra for them.E Most observers now believe that children use telegraphic speech because they have not mastered the other parts of the syntax rather than because of any memory limitations.F Suppose, for example, one wishes to communicate: My wallet has been stolen. Therefore I need money. Please send me $ 500 in care of American Express Copenhagen. The telegram would look something like this: WALLET STOLEN. SEND $ 500 AMERICAN EXPRESS COPENHAGEN.G There are at least three reasons why this happens. One is that such particles often convey the main stress in the sentence. When a caregiver says: let me pick you up, the main sentence stress is on the up. A second reason is that such words are often the last word in a sentence.Part CYou are going to read a passage about how to become more creative. Choose from the list A - G the headings which best summaries each paragraph ( 33 - 38) of the passage. There is one extra heading that you do not need to use.Tips on how to become more creative33Every night, for about 90 minutes, we drift into a strange, shadowy, magical world of our own creation. Poets, writers, artists and even scientists have found inspiration in their "dreamland" . Dreams are a message from the subconscious, away of tapping your inner self. Keep a note pad and pen by your bedside, and as soon as you wake, note down whatever snatches of dreams you can recall. Dreams can solve your problems, give you advice, reveal your true feelings, and be a source of inspiration.34Have you ever thought of a friend just as she unexpectedly phones you? Or sensed an atmosphere in a strange house? Or had a feeling which proved correct? Everyone has a sixth sense--but some use it more than others. To develop your natural psychic abilities, why not start with a simple experiment7 Draw six objects (anything-- a windmill, even a fruit bowl ) in secret, then ask a friend to "receive" the pictures, one at a time, while you "send" them in an adjacent room--then swap roles.35What are you aware of right now7 Look at a familiar object in the room as if seeing it for the first time--explore it with your eyes. Next, listen intently to any sounds you can hear. What can you smell and taste at this moment? Touch whatever is within reach, run your hand over and around it--how does it feel? During the next few weeks stimulate all your senses. Visit an art gallery, walk in a pine forest, luxuriate in a scented bubble bath, go to a concert; swim, have a message. Try to experience it all as if it were totally new to you.36If you're right-handed, develop the skills of your left hand or vice versa-allow it to draw something, switch TV channels or drink a cup of tea. Try this exercise: write a list of ten adjectives which characterize your personality using the hand you usually write with. A few days later, repeat the exercise writing with the otherhand. Then compare the two lists. You might be surprised at the secrets of your inner self! For example, on the first list you might have written that you're "witty", but the second list might say "suspicious" . Then try a similar exercise, making two lists of "What I would most like to do"37Have you ever longed to paint portraits or watercolours, write a novel, draw cartoons, compose a song, design your own clothes, set up a business or landscape your garden? If so, why not start now? Yes, you might discover that your fa'st efforts are laughable-- but try, try again. With a few notable exceptions such as Mozart, most people have't6 develop their creative talents through sheer hard work. Don't kid yourself that you. haven't any spare time. It's a question of making time, of seeing your talents as important enough to devote a few hours to each week. Who knows--you might be the next Laura Ashley or Agatha Christie?38Forget about being told off for daydreaming at school. Daydreaming is good for you! Whether it's a purely escapist fantasy, or a dream about how life might be in the future, only the right-brain has visions of this kind. Creative visualization, vividly imagining whatever you desire as if it has already happened--and reallybelieving in it, is said to be a powerful way of getting what you want. Many top sports people imagine themselves playing and winning--and it seems to work!A Activate your sensesB Record your dreamsC Discover your hidden talentsD Develop your intuitive powersE Try writing with the wrong handF Find time for quiet meditationG Let yourself daydreamPart DYou are going to read a passage about Britain's new drug policy. Decide whether the statements in the box agree with the information given in the passage. You should choose from the following:A YES = the statement agrees with the informationB NO = the statement contradicts the informationC NOT GIVEN = there is no information on this in the passageBritain's new drug policyFor those who believed we were finally making progress on tackling drugs, Nick Davies's report will have made disappointing reading. We were supposed to be in a new era where treatment was finally being given an increased priority, and the impossibility of the old policy's goals, stopping the suppliers, was more widely and realistically accepted. As recently as 1998, some 75% of a ~ 1.4 billion drug control programme went on enforcement and a mere 13% on treatment. But in a close examination of three aspects of the new programme--drugs action teams (DATs), drug treatment and testing orders (DTFOs), and arrest-referralworkers--Mr Davies documents frustrating shortcomings.He went to Bristol where he found the local drugs action team, with a budget of ~3.5m a year, had produced just five extra beds for drag treatment; the arrest- referral team after three years could provide no evidence that even one user had completed a treatment course; and in a city with 12, 500 drug users the local courts last year issued just 48 DTTOs. More serious than these particular policy problems are the structtJra] problems that Mr Davies finds: the 44 different funding streams; the 68-page treatment plan with its 82 targets; the central micro-management with its detailed national guidance and constant reporting back. In the words of Ire firmer manager, who claimed he was left with only 40% of his time to organise services: "They don't know very much about drugs, but they do know about management and monitoring and data collection. So that's what they do."To be fair to the policy-makers, a succession of independent auditors have pointed to a wide variationin local services. Bristol is one of the worst areas. There are 149 DATs nationally. They should not all be judged by Bristol. But even the good ones will be suffering from the micro-management and multiple funding streams that Mr Davies documents. Here are two issues that the new national treatment agency must take up.Whitehall should be reviewing its own policy-making process. DTTOs were an excellent idea, seriously damaged by poor administration. The admirable aim was to ensure drug users who are committing crimes to feed their habits, are treated in the community rather than prison. The programmes are designed to be intense and well-structured to reassure the courts and community. They are expensive (~ 6, 000 a year) but still far cheaper than prison (~ 35, 000 a year) . Offenders are tested for drugs twice a week, spending at least 15 hours a week in sessions designed to bring some order to their chaotic lives, with regular reviews by the courts of their progress. But a recent report by inspectors found the scheme had been unsuccessful because of the failure to produce a national plan and a launch which coincided with the reorganisation of the two key players--probation and primary care trusts.Mr Davies's report also concerns the readiness of Britain to return to an old remedy for dealing with heroin users: medical prescribing where addicts receive pure heroin rather than the low quality drug from the black market. It is the low quality drugs that cause the damage, not the heroin, which does not pose a physical threat, beyond its serious addiction problem. Although dropped by Britain in the last three decades, medical prescribing has successfully been taken up by Switzerland, Germany and the NetherlandYes No Not given39 The article shows a positive attitude towards Britain's new drug policy. IAI lB] IC]40 Drug treatment in Bristol was unsatisfactory. Ia] lB] ICI41 Imprisonment of drug users is not an effective solution. [a] [B] IC]42 The independent auditors have criticized the policy- makers. IAI [B] IC]43 The idea of DTFOs has been very successful. [ a ] [ B ] [ C ]44 Taking a small amount of pure heroin is not physically harmful. IA] lB] ICI45 Some people in Britain are against medical prescribing. IA] lB] [C]2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语⼆试卷⼆Section m Translation (20 minutes, 20 % )Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Assessment is broadly defined to include all activities that teachers and students undertake to get information that can be used diagnostically to alter teaching and learning. [ 46 ] When information from assessment is used to adapt teaching and learning to meet student needs, it becomes formative assessment. which includes teacher observation, classroom discussion, and analysis of student work.When teachers know how students are progressing and where they are having trouble, they can use this information to make necessary instructional adjustments, such as re-teaching, trying ahemative instructional approaches, or offering more opportunities for practice.[47] Black and William (1998) conducted an extensive research review of 250 journal articles and book chapters to determine whether formative assessment raises academic standards in the classroom. They concluded that efforts to strengthen formative assessment produce significant learning gains. Formative assessment apparently helps low-achieving students, including students with learning disabilities, even more than it helped other students.[48 ] Feedback given as part of formative assessment helps learners become aware of any gads that exist between their desired goal and their current knowledge, understanding, or skill and guides them throuAgh actions necessary to obtain the goal. The most helpful type of feedback on tests and homework provides specific comments about errors and specific suggestions for improvement and encourages students to focus their attention thoughtfully on the task rather than on simply getting the right answer. This type of feedback may be particularlyhelpful to lower achieving students because it emphasizes that students can improve as a result of effort rather than be doomed to low achievement due to some presumed lack of innate ability. [ 49 ] Formative assessment helps support theexpectation that all children can learn to high levels and counteracts the cycle in which students attribute poor pertbrmance to lack of ability and therefore become discouraged and unwilling to invest in further learning_While feedback generally originates from a teacher, learners can also play an important role in formative assessment through self-evaluation. [ 50 ] Two experimental research studies have shown that students who understand the learning objectives and assessment criteria and have opportunities to reflect on their work show greater improvement than those who do not. Students with learning disabilities who are taught to use self-monitoring strategies related to their understanding of reading and writing tasks also show performance gains ( Graham,& Harris, 1992)Section IV Writing (40 minutes, 20% )According to a recent survey, college students hold strong mistrusts to college examinations. The bar chart below shows some students' views on the issue.Write an essay to state your point of view on this issue. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to back up your argument. You should write about 300 words.2005年在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语试题参考答案试卷⼀Section I Use of English01. D 02. A 03. C 04. D 05. C 06. B 07. A 08. D 09. A 10. Bll.C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. DPart B 27. F 28. D 29. A 30. G 31. B 32. EPartC 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. E 37. C 38. GPart D 39. B 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C试卷⼆SectionⅢTranslation46．当评价信息⽤来调整教学和学习从⽽满⾜学⽣的学习需求时，评价便成为形成性评价，它包括教师观察、课堂讨论以及对学⽣作业的分析。
在职研究生英语练习题二 参考答案
在职研究生英语练习题二参考答案Part I Vocabulary and Structure1-5 ABCDA 6-10 CDABB11-15 ABBAA 16-20 BBCDAPart II. Cloze1-5 DACBA 6-10 CDBAC11-15 BADCB 16-20 ACBDD21-25 BAADC 26-30 DBAAB31-35 ACDBC 36-40 ADDACⅢ. Reading Comprehension1-5 CBDBB 6-10 CCBDAPartⅣ Translate the following sentences into English.1. Research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can activate empathy and the desire to connect with others.2. Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and flourished throughout the Song Dynasty, when tea had become a necessity for almost everyone, such as rice, oil and salt.3. Nothing will be clean until it is cleansed. Nothing will be pure until it is refined. Only by ridding ourselves of any banality, canwe become truly original. （孙联奎《诗品臆说》）4. Our world is full of both hope and challenges. We should not give up on our dreams because the reality around us is too complicated; we should not stop pursuing our ideals because they seem out of our reach.5. A country will be full of hope and have a great tomorrow only when its younger generations have ideals, ability, and a strong sense of responsibility.6. If love between both sides can last for aye，Why need they stay together night and day? 这里last for aye中，aye意为“永远”，古英语，这里用看上去比forever要典雅。
在职研究生--英语试题及答案
在职研究生--英语试题及答案工程管理学院工程硕士（英语）试卷南京本部（）物流工程（）原 (07)(08)(09)(10)级(课程)( 学位)班苏州校区（）工程项目（）现(07)(08)(09)(10)级(课程)( 学位)班考试成绩金融项目（）原学号姓名其他（）工业工程（）现学号老师签名1．Part one:Choose the best answer to each question. (50’)（1）According to the time table，the train for London at seven o’clock in the evening．A．was leaving B．has left C．leaves D．will leave（2）You needn’t hurry her．She it by the time you are ready．A．will have finished B．would finishC．will have been finishing D．will be finishing（3）Darwin proved that natural selection the chief factor in the development of species．A．has been B．had been C．was D．is（4）While Peggy ，her brother is playing records．A．reads B．is readingC．has read D．has been reading（5）It’s been a long time since I ．How are you？A．had last seen you B．saw you lastC．have last seen you D．last was seeing you（6）We on it for several hours，but we have not yet reached any conclusion．A．work B．are workingC．have been working D．have been worked（7）He said that he for Shanghai the next day．A．will leave B．has leftC．would leave D．had left（8）This is the first time I this kind of refrigerator．A．saw B．have seenC．am seeing D．see（9）He this job before he moved into this city．A．found B．would findC．was finding D．had found（10）I think this time yesterday he an English class in No．3 Classroom Building．A．was having B．will haveC．had D．would have（11）By 2008，the university 20,000 postgraduates．A．will be trained B．trainsC．will have trained D．will be training（12）Since 1970，he in this bank and he loves the job very much．A．has worked B．has been workingC．is working D．will be working（13）I don’t like to be disturbed if I ．A．am working B．will workC．work D．have worked（14）Before long，she all about the matter．A．will have forgotten B．will forgetC．will be forgotten D．will have been forgetting（15）You can see the house for years．A．isn’t painted B．hasn’t paintedC．hadn’t been painted D．hasn’t been painted(16) Many things__________ impossible in the past are common today.A. consideredB. to considerC. consideringD. being considered(17) The machine________ in our factory these days is a type of electronic computer.A. to produceB. being producedC. produceD. to be producing(18) The noise of desks_______ could be heard out in the street.A. being opened and closedB. be opened and closedC. opening and closingD. having opened and(19) ________ that Barton had been promoted, his friends came to congratulate him.A. Having been heardB. Being heardC. To have heardD. Having heard(20) _______ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.A. SurroundingB. Having surroundedC. SurroundedD. To surround(21) Never _______ faith in himself, James Watt went on with his experiment.A. losingB. to loseC. lostD. to be lost(22) There are four factories in our institute_________ over 100 workers.A. with each haveB. each havingC. each hasD. with each has over(23)_______ a bomb on the road, the car was stopped.A. Having seenB. The driver seeingC. SeeingD. After seeing a bomb(24)The weather_______ fine, they decided to go out for a stroll.A. isB. wasC. beingD. having(25)_______ in all parts of the country, pines are the most common trees in this part.A. FoundB. Finding themB. To find them D. They are found(26) Commercial banks make the most of their income from interest________ on loans andinvestments in stocks.A. earnB. earnedC. to earnD. was earned(27) Returning to my apartment, __________.A. my watch was missingB. I found my watch disappearedC. I found my watch missingD. the watch was missed(28) Having been served lunch, ________.A. the problem was discussed by the members of the committee.B. the committee members discussed the problemC. it was discussed by the committee members the problemsD. a discussion of the problems was made by the members of the committee(29) The police pursued the criminal continuously, _________.A. and finally catch himB. finally catching himC. to catch him in the finalD. with a final catch(30) She finished her work_________.A. tiring and wearing outB. tired and wear outC. tired and worn outD. tiring and worn out(31) Was it he_______ broke the glass yesterday?A. whoB. andC. butD. has(32) It is for this reason _________ he refused to take the job.A. whyB. whenC. thatD. so(33) ________ be careful in making such experiments.A. DoB. DoesC. DidD. Will(34) It was not until 11 last night_________ the meeting came to the end.A. whenB. andC. beforeD. that(35) __________ was in 1990 that the economy started to be revived.A. ThatB. WhichC. ItD. What(36) Who_________ that spoke first at yesterday’s meeting?A. was itB. wasC. it wasD. did(37) No force_______ can hold back the wheel of history.A. on the worldB. on earthC. doesD. did(38) George__________ tell me yesterday that he put the dictionary on the table before he left.A. doesB. willC. wouldD. did(39) It wasn’t________ personal interests that they did all this.A . because B. only C. just D. for(40) Where___________ did you go yesterday afternoon?A. was itB. devilC. untilD. in the world（41）If I_________ in this uniform, I wouldn’t feel conspicuous.A. wasn’t dressedB. didn’t dressC. weren’t dressedD. don’t dress(42) I would gladly have attended your wedding if you_________.A. would have invited meB. invited meC. could have invited meD. had invited me(43) Jean would go to New York City, but she________ money now.A. hadn’t haveB. would not haveC. has noD. would have(44) _________, he would help us without any hesitation.A. Were he hereB. Was he hereC. If he is hereD. Is he here(45) What would you do if war_________ out?A. is brokenB. were to break outC. will break outD. are to break out(46) He looks as if he________ nothing about the news.A. would knowB. would have knownC. knewD. should know(47) I would have invited her to the party, but I_______ her well.A. don’t knowB. had not knownC. didn’t knowD. won’t know(48) But for the rain, we_________ our destination before 5 yesterdayA. would have reachedB. reachedC. had reachedD. should reached(49) But that he_________ it, he could not have believed it.A. had seenB. had not seenC. didn’t seeD. has seen(50) Without water, there________ no plans on the earth.A. would haveB. would beC. were to beD. were2．Part2: （10’）P71-72 III vocabulary Paraphrase（explain the words in English）:a.leading questionsb. a barrage of questionsc.jargond.magnifying glasse.misconceptionf.cause and effectg.hands-onh.keep the ball rollingi.drudgeryj.mould3. Part3: （40’）Reading Comprehension:a.P209-213exercise Ⅰb.P225-227Exercise Ⅰ,Ⅱ。
在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷（题后含答案及解析）一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1Scientists are learning more about the effects of stress on our bodies. Long-term stress may increase the risk of obesity(肥胖), heart disease, and even asthma, according to new research.Stressful experiences---such as mental illness in a family, unemployment, poverty, or abuse---continue to affect our health and well-being far longer than the actual event. This is becoming a major concern for public health professionals.Researchers at the University of California discovered that childhood stress could permanently affect a person’s DNA. They found that kids who went through traumatic (创伤性的) experiences at a young age had shorter telomeres（端粒）than tho se who hadn’t. Telomeres are the protective tips at the end of our DNA, and shorter telomeres are linked to a variety of health problems. The researchers concluded that early childhood trauma has a lasting impact on our overall health.In another study, scientists in Sweden measured the stress levels of 17,000 adults, and then tracked them for 11 years. The results showed that the most stressed-out participants had a 45% higher risk of developing heart disease. The study also revealed that those with stressful jobs were more likely to take sick leave due to heart problems.Furthermore, researchers in New Zealand found that children who suffered ongoing stress before the age of 15 had a higher chance of developing asthma later in life. This finding suggests that reducing stress in early childhood could have long-term health benefits.Overall, these studies emphasize the need for stress reduction strategies and interventions, particularly in high-risk populations. Whether through therapy, meditation(冥想), or lifestyle changes, it is essential that we find healthy ways to manage and cope with stress to protect our long-term health.1. According to the passage, long-term stress may lead to _______.A. mental illnessB. shorter telomeresC. unemploymentD. poverty答案：B解析：根据第一段中的“Long-term stress may increase the risk of obesity(肥胖), heart disease, and even asthma, according to new research.”可知，长期的压力可能会增加肥胖、心脏病甚至哮喘的风险，选项B中的“shorter telomeres”（更短的端粒）对应文章中提到的短端粒与健康问题有关。
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P a r t I D i a l o g u e C o m m u n i c a t i o n(10m i n u t e s,10p o i n t s,1f o r e a c h) Section A Dialogue Completion1. A: David said he bought a new BMW for ￡5,000!B:____________ Sounds pretty cheap to me!A: Well, that's what he said.A. Are you sureB. Come to think of it.C. Do you think soD. Is he crazy2. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years.B: ______________ I'm glad to hear it.A. Oh, my goodness!B. How was itC. Oh, there you go again.D. Good for you.3. A: I just can't stand this class any more!B: ______________ It's required, and you have to sit in it in order to graduate.A. Well, why not just drop out of itB. Why, you can say that again!C. Well, you might as well get used to it.D. Why, I couldn't agree more!4. A: I don't know about you, but I thought that film was terrific.B: ___________ The action was great, and so was the music.A. Just the same.B. I'm with you there.C. More or less.D. I sure do.5. A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas.B: You know what they say, ______________A. there's no free lunch.B. don't bite off more than you can chew.C. one good mm deserves another.D. it's who you know that counts.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Woman: I'd rather not talk about it. Just don't ask.Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam.Question: What does the man advise the woman to doA. To talk to him about the problem.B. To keep the secret.C. To reduce the workload.D. To have a good rest.7. Woman: Julie's dress looks funny. That style went out last year.Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her.Question: What does the man try to emphasizeA. Julie's dress is not outdated.B. Julie's dress does not suit her.C. Julie should follow the fashion.D. Julie looks free in that dress.8. Man: What kind of snacks do you preferWoman: Oh, I've got a sweet tooth, you know.Question: What does the woman probably likeA. Sandwich.B. Hot dogs.C. Ice cream.D. Potato chips.9. Woman: I'm tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only carscould drive themselves!Man: Well, some car manufacturers are working on them. I guess you'll soon buy one if you can afford it.Question: What does the man implyA. The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.B. Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.C. He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.D. Driving to work is really a headache.10. Man: Annie, how does it not even cross your mind that you might want a futur with someone Woman: It's simple. I don't mind being married to my career.Question: What's Annie's attitude towards her futureA. She will stay with someone unmarried.B. She will live a simple life.C. She will quit her job to get married.D. She will fully focus on her job.Part II Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)Section A11.The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.A. neglectedB. foresawC. exploredD. assessed12. Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.A. remindedB. expectedC. compelledD. requested13. Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.A. creativityB. popularityC. feasibilityD. flexibility14. We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.A. consciousB. desperateC. clumsyD. intentional15. So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.A. justB. hardlyC. almostD. definitely16. Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.A. constrainedB. caughtC. concealedD. concentrated17. Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.A. poisonousB. difficultC. dangerousD. harmful18. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of ＄9 billion.A. preciselyB. merelyC. substantiallyD. approximately19. The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.A. factorB. constituentC. barrierD. break20. Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.A. count onB. benefit fromC. stand forD. stick toSection BA. takesB. appearsC. makesD. goes22. The world economic recession put an ____________ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.A. irregularB. illegalC. abruptD. absurd23. I'm _____ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.A. mysteriousB. furiousC. seriousD. curious24. The Labor Party's electoral strategy, based on an _________ with other smaller parties, has proved successful.A. acquaintanceB. integrationC. allianceD. intimacy25. The new aircraft will be __________ to a test of temperatures of 65℃and 120℃.A. suspendedB. suppressedC. summonedD. subjected26. The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful ______ to my ordinary income.A. profitB. supplementC. subsidyD. replacement27. Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining____ of tooth decay.A. treatmentB. incidenceC. consequenceD. misfortune28. Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain ____offish from becoming extinct.A. speciesB. sourcesC. numbersD. members29. Susan never took any cookery courses? she learned cooking by ________useful tips from TV cookery programs.A. picking upB. bringing upC. putting upD. pulling up30. The President __________ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.A. promotedB. substitutedC. authorizedD. displacedPartⅢReading Comprehension (45minutes, 30point)Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring NSWER SHEET.Passage OneUntil last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school's busing company redrew its route map, eliminating Nia's bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the haft mile to school via a “walking school bus” a group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk together.Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costs—and finding new ways to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical American school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesn't affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than one third of American school administrators have elim/nated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget. Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2001. Modem parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished. Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to mm off the engine while idling. They are also using computer software to determine the most fuelefficient routes, which aren't always the shortest ones.There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, it's an environmental winbut if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent driven cars can also increase safety risks: A 2002 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill.31. The “walking school bus” _________.A. does not consume fuelB. aims to keep children fitC. seldom causes traffic jamsD. is popular with school kids32. In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with _______.A. individual schoolsB. school districtsC. teachersD. parents33. As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the_____.A. time spent on the wayB. changes in the routeC. kids' physical strengthD. safety of their children34. To save money, some schools choose to _____________.A. take the shortest routesB. shorten the school weekC. give drivers better trainingD. use fuelefficient buses35. Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to ___________.A. fiercer competition among bus companiesB. more students taking public transportationC. an increase in carbon dioxide emissionsD. a decrease in the safety of school buses36. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude towards busing cutbacksA. Favorable.B. Critical.C.Objective.D. Indifferent.Passage TwoPeople are living longer than eve Two r, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expect to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity (长寿) of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller thenthe gap is growing.A number of reasons have been proposed to account for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some researchers have suggested that men may die earlier because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job.(Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception? there are more malev miscarriages (流产). In humans, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.37. What can we learn from the first two paragraphsA. Men's lifespan remains almost unchanged.B. Researchers have found the causes of the age gap.C. The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.D. The age gap was noticed only recently.38. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to women's longer lifespan are _____.A. diseases and road accidentsB. industrialization and work strainsC. their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcoholD. their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure39. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is trueA. The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap.B. The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.C. Female workers are more likely to smoke than male workers.D. Smoking does not seem to affect women's longevity.40. Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzledA. Men's health is more closely related to their emotions.B. Though more liable to illnesses, women still live longer.C. Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.D. Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.41. The word “edge”in Paragraph 6 means“___________”.A. marginB. sideC. advantageD. quality42. What is the main idea of the passageA. The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.B. That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.C. People are living longer as a result of industrialization.D. Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.Passage ThreeMany are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that leadto smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor (传感器) networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maintain. Batterypowered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis.The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a tree batteryfree wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested directly from the environment. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, GreenPeak has developed an ultralowpower communication technology that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing onboard power management circuits andcomputer software to monitor energy harvesters and make the best use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a batteryfree environment.Wireless sensor networks deployed in our offices and homes will have an enormous impact on our daily lives, helping to build a smarter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, will enable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live in a more comfortable, safer, and cleaner environment.43. By “human intervention”(Paragraph 2), the author refers to ________.A. the reduction of great energy waste in the environmentB. the grasping of straightforward opportunities availableC. acts like turning off lights when no one is in the roomD. the adoption of smart sensing and network technology44. Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they__________.A. have to be replaced from time to timeB. contain metals that pollute the environmentC. require automatic rechargingD. are difficult and costly to maintain45. Battery-free wireless sensor networks are made possible by the fact that______.A. there is energy in the environment to be utilizedB. the cost of using them has been drastically reducedC. modem data communication consumes little energyD. their maintenance has been greatly simplified46. According to the passage, Green Peak ___________.A. is the first company to install wireless sensor networksB. promotes the application of wireless sensor networksC. supplies batteries operating on harvested energyD. benefits handsomely from communication technology47. The focus of Paragraph 4 is on the ____________.A. replacement of batteries in harvestersB. monitoring of energy harvested from the environmentC. elimination of batteries in sensor networksD. impact of sensor networks on power supply48. Wireless sensor networks promise to ___________.A. bring businesses high profitsB. further develop the sensing technologyC. turn motion into a major source of energyD. improve the daily lives of people worldwidePassage FourIf you haven't heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few months, you've probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about this new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have most likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, 41,907 people died on the highway last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates that about twothirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.Why is this phenomenon occurrifig more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few short years ago Experts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the roads has increased by more than 11 percent, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 percent. However, the number of new road miles has only increased by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space? and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things todo. With people working and trying to fit extra chores (琐事) and activities into the day, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, sounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from passing If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you can do to avoid any major confrontation. If you are susceptible to Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you are the target of another driver's rage, do everything possible to get away from the other driver safely, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way.49. The first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that ______________.A. people not interested in the media know little about recent happeningsB. Road Rage has received much media coverage in the last few monthsC. one may be raged by media reports and wants to avoid themD. the media coined the term "Road Rage" only a few months ago50. According to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, last year______.A. drunk driving remained the No. 1 killer on the highwaysB. more people were killed by aggressive driving than by drunk drivingC. two thirds of drivers were killed by aggressive drivingD. 41,907 people fell victim to aggressive driving51. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of aggressive drivingA. Increasing number of cars.B. Drivers' stress and anxiety.C. Overcrowded roads.D. Rush hour traffic.52. The wor d “spell” in Paragraph 3 means“______________”.A. speakB. causeC. describeD. spare53. Which of the following characterizes aggressive drivingA. Talking while driving.B. Driving fast.C. Yelling at another driver.D. Sounding the horn when passing.54. The last paragraph is intended to ____________.A. tell people how to cope with Road RageB. inform people how aggressive drivers could beC. tell people how to control themselves when angryD. warn people against eye contact with another driverPassage FiveIn the early 20th century, a horse named Clever Hans was believed capable of counting and other impressive mental tasks. After years of great performance, psychologists discovered that though Hans was certainly clever, he was not clever in the way everyone expected. The horse was cleverly picking up on tiny, unintentional bodily and facial signals given out not only by his trainer, but also by the audience.Aware of the “Clever Hans” effect, Lisa Lit at the University of California and her colleagues wondered whether the beliefs of professional dog handlers might similarly affect the outcomes of searches for drugs and explosives. Remarkably, Dr Lit found, they do.Dr Lit asked 18 professional dog handlers and their dogs to complete brief searches. Before the searches, the handlers were informed that some of the search areas might contain up to three target scents, and also that in two cases those scents would be marked by pieces of red paper. What the handlers were not told was that none of the search areas contained the scents of either drugs or explosives. Any “detections” made by the teams thus had to be false.The findings reveal that of 144 searches, only 21 were clean (no alerts). All the others raised one alert or more. In total, the teams raised 225 alerts. While the sheer number of false alerts struck Dr Lit as fascinating, it was where they took place that was of greatest interest.When handlers could see a red piece of paper, allegedly marking a location of interest, they were much more likely to say that their dogs signalled an alert. The human handlers were not only distracted on almost every occasion by the stimulus aimed at them, but also transmitted that distraction to their animals who responded accordingl y. To mix metaphors, the dogs were crying “wolf” at the unconscious signal of their handlers.How much that matters in the real world is unclear. But it might, If a handler, for example, unconsciously “profiled” people being sniffed by a drugor explosived etecting dog at an airport, false positives could abound. That is not only bad for innocent travellers, but might distract the team from catching the guilty.55. What did psychologists find out about Clever HansA. He was as clever as people claimed.B. He was really good at counting.C. He could understand human language.D. He merely responded to human signals.56. Lisa Lit and her colleagues ___________.A. questioned the “Clever Hans” effectB. discovered the “Clever Hans” effectC. confirmed the “Clever Hans” effectD. rejected the “Clever Hans” effect57. The dog handlers learned before the searches that __________.A. each search area contained three target scentsB. there was actually no target scent in the search areaC. some target scents may be labelled with a special markD. their dogs were expected to f'md the scents of red paper58. What was most significant about the experiment, according to Dr. LitA. The location of the false alerts.B. The regularity of the false alerts.C. The number of the false alerts.D. The timing of the false alerts.59. It can be concluded from the experiment that ___________.A. dog handlers are more likely to be distracted than their dogsB. dogs may act in response to their handlers' bodily signalsC. the cooperation between dogs and their handlers is key to successD. welltraineddogs can better understand their handlers' signals60. The author thinks that Dr. Lit's findings _____________.A. should raise our concern in real lifeB. may not be useful in real situationsC. should be backed up by further evidenceD. will be widely applied in the near futurePart IV Close (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources, 61 those species that are endangered. 62 , many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment. Presently some zoos have become scientific and educational 63 that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animal populations. 64 the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities, the struggle to obtain 65 operating funds, and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.Many 66 zoos in American dries have undergone renovation (翻新) during the last decades of the twentieth century. Among the recent trends in zoo 67 is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats (栖息地). The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors 68 appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals. Such renovations may. 69 stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally.Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs. A captive propagation program includes the breeding of 70 zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring, usually for release to 71 or for transfer to other zoos. Captive breeding is one method of 72 some species from extinction.Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also, with education departments that develop programs 73 zoo exhibits. Public activities include inschool programs, zoo tours, special events, and websites. The Zoological Society of New York, for example, conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd 74 it moved throughout its range.The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing. Through their efforts 75 conservation, education, and environmental advocacy, zoos will continue to play a critical role in wildlife preservation throughout the world.61. A. superficially B. especially C. importantly D. supposedly62. A. By that time B. By the time C. At one time D. At that time63. A. institutions B. associations C. foundations D. corporations64. A. Along B. Toward C. Among D. Through65. A. limited B. professional C. sufficient D. excessive66. A. newer B. older C. former D. later67. A. management B. improvement C. achievement D. assessment68. A. under B. for C. into D. with69. A. reduce B. cause C. increase D. avoid70. A. selected B. sustained C. promising D. surviving71. A. natural B. the natural C. wild D. the wild72. A. restraining B. saving C. sheltering D. exempting73. A. attributed to B. opposed to C. referred to D. related to74. A. as B. as if C. so D. so that75. A. in search of B. in honor of C. in support of D. in charge ofPaper TwoPart I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section)。