(完整版)英语样题1
公共英语等级考试样题（PETS一级）（1）
第⼀部分阅读理解 (75分) Passage 1 Tourism wasn’t as important as it is today. In the past, only people with a good deal of money could travel on holidays to other countries. More people travel today than in the past because there is a growing middle class in many parts of the world, that is to say, people now have more money for travel. Special air plane fares for tourists make travel less expensive and more attractive than ever before. One person doesn’t travel for the same reason as another. But most people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also like to meet new people and new food. Tourism causes many changes in a country and in people’s lives. People build new hotels and restaurants and train native men a women as guides to show visitors interesting places. There’re new night clubs and other amusement. International tourism is clearly a big business. 1. In the old days _________ could travel to other countries. ○A. boys or girls, men or women, young or old ○B. either kings or queens ○C. both the poor and the rich ○D. nobody but those who had money 2. Many more people travel today than in the past because _________. ○A. people have become more interested in traveling ○B. travelling today is easier than in the past ○C. people now have spare money for travel ○D. great changes have taken place in the world 3. What makes travel more attractive than before? ○A. Travel by air to other countries is much cheaper today. ○B. More guides are being trained to show beautiful spots. ○C. Modern telegraph lines make travel less expensive. ○D. New hotels and restaurants have been built. 4. People make journeys to many parts of the world? This is because ________. ○A. they want to make a study of geography ○B. they travel for different reasons ○C. they want to taste different kinds of food ○D. they don’t want to do anything else except that they visit friends 5. Which of the following statements is true according to the article? ○A. Tourism won’t bring any changes in people’s minds. ○B. People have some trouble in making journeys. ○C. With the development of tourism, great changes will take place in many parts of the world. ○D. Tourism causes only some changes …… and in clothing.Passage 2 More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at the time of Renc Coty. Charles Deschancl was then the financial minister. He stressed that workmanship (⼯作质量) and quality were more important than quantity for industrial production. It would be necessary to produce quality goods for international market to compete with those produced in other countries. The French economy needed a larger share of the international market to balance its import and export trade. French industrial and agricultural production was still not enough to meet the immediate needs of the people, let alone long-ranged developments. Essential imports had extended the national credit (信⽤) to the breaking point. Rents were tightly controlled, but the extreme inflation (通货膨胀) affected general population most severely through the cost of food. Food costs took as much as 80 per cent of the workers’ income. Wages, it is true, had risen, extensive family allowances (补贴) and benefits were paid by the state, and there was full-time and overtime employment. Taken together, these factors enabled the working class to exist but allowed them no sense of safety. In this precarious (不安定) and discouraging situation, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages. The government was not willing to let workers leave the country. It was feared this migration of workers would deplete (使空虚) the labor force. The lack of qualified workers might stop the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced. Qualified workers employed abroad would only increase the quantity of quality produced in foreign countries. Also the quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries. 6. According to the passage, the French workers were _____________. ○A. better paid than the workers in any other European country ○B. able to save more money with the increase in his wages ○C. anxious to work abroad ○D. often unable to find work in France 7. Which was not true in French? ○A. Food costs were low. ○B. Wages had increased. ○C. The state paid family allowances. ○D. There was overtime employment. 8. According to the passage, French production ___________. ○A. was inadequate to meet the needs of the French people ○B. was flooding the international market with inferior ○C. emphasized industrial production at the expense of agricultural production ○D. was enough for the local market 9. According to the passage, the French government _____________. ○A. prohibited French to work abroad ○B. reduced taxed to fight inflation ○C. paid family allowances and benefits ○D. prohibited the French workers to join labor unions 10. Which of the following is not true? ○A. Migration of workers would deplete the labor force. ○B. The lack of qualified workers might stop the improvement in the quality of products. ○C. Qualified workers work abroad would increase the quality of products in foreign countries. ○D. Qualified workers work abroad was good for France.。
国才初级样题及解析(1)
Tips for Good Behavior at Job InterviewsIn many cases, how to listen and how to speak is no less important than whatto say. Below are some tips for good behavior at a job interview.ü Make eye contact for a few seconds at a time.ü Smile and nod as you see fit while listening but don’t overdo it.ü Don’t laugh unless the interviewer does first.üBe polite and keep an even tone when speaking.ü Avoid being too loud or too quiet.ü Don’t slouch.ü Relax and lean forward a little to appear interested.ü Don’t put a hand in any pocket.ü Keep your feet on the floor.ü Take notes if necessary.üListen attentively.ü Don’t interrupt.ü Stay calm.ü Don’t let your arms fly around when making a point.国际人才英语考试口头沟通任务说明“建立联系”任务要求考生听八段简短对话，每段对话播放完毕后，重播第一个说话人的话语，考生即时复述第二个说话人的话语。
2024年沈阳市初中英语听力口语考试样题-1
沈阳市初中英语听力口语考试样题-1考试时间：30分钟试题分值：30分第一部分：听力测试（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）听下面8段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man’s hobby?A. Playing basketball.B. Playing football.C. Playing volleyball.2. How old is the man?A. 23.B. 33.C. 43.3. What does the man think of the teacher’s hair?A. It’s long.B. It’s short.C. It’s straight.4. Where does the man live?A. In a small city.B. In a small town.C. In a small village.5. How many sisters does the man have?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.6. What are the speakers talking about?A. Pandas’ looks.B. Pandas’ sizes.C. Pandas’ weight.7. What is the man’s dream?A. To be a doctor.B. To be a farmer.C. To be a teacher.8. What is the man’s favorite sport?A. Football.B. Swimming.C. Tennis.第二节（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）听下面4段对话。
每段对话后有三个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
(完整版)大学英语一期末考试题以及答案.doc
精心整理大学英语（一）行政班级分级班级姓名学号I II III IV V总分( 请将答案写在答题卡上）得分Part ⅠListening Comprehension (15%) 听力题（共15题, 每题 1 分, 共 15 分）Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of3sections.Section ADirections:There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The question will be spoken only once.1. A. A testing system. B. A monitor system.C. A measuring system.D. A control system.2. A. Car prices. B. Car services.C. The company’s business.D. The company’s culture.3. A. It ’s easy to do. B. It ’ s challenging.C. He can get a high pay.D. He did the same job before.4. A. She ’ll meet a friend. B. She ’ ll take a flight.C. She ’ll attend an interview at 5:00.D. She ’ ll see a doctor before 5:00.5.A. She will report the complaint to the manager.B.The manager refused to talk to the man.C.The manager was on a business trip.D.She will deal with the complaint.Section BDirections:There are 2 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue,there are some recorded questions.Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times.Conversation 16. A. Breakfast. B. Dinner.C. A 5 dollar gift card.D. Bus service to the airport.7. A. His member card. B. His driving license.C. His credit card.D. His passport.8. A. The telephone is out of order.B.The line is busy.C.He is at a meeting.D.He won ’t be back until next Monday.9. A. It has been canceled. B. It will arrive on time.C. It has been delayed.D. It will arrive ahead of schedule.10.A. Make an appointment with her. B.Talk with her about a new order.C. Send her an email about the shipment.D. Call her back when receiving the shipment.Section CDirections: You will hear a short passage. The passage is printedin the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. Thepassage will be read two times.Growing up can be hard 11 where crime is common. That isthe situation Marco Antonio Aguilar 12 when he started at Garfield High School in Los Angeles, California. The boy hated 13.He says he had the 14 , often missed classes and even got intoflights. 15 the teachers that I receiving, knowing that they did care about me, the school did really help me, Aguilar recalls.得分Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (20%) 选择题和填空题（共 20 题, 每题 1 分, 共 20 分）Directions:This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections:In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices.16.I often ______ the cooking for my family, but recently Ihave been too busy to do it.A. will doB. doC. am doingD. had done17. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense -- so many things willhave changed b y next year.A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made18. It was strange _______ she left without saying a word.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how19. I have two hobbies. One is fishing, ____ is cooking.A.anotherB. the otherC. elseD. other20. The man told me that by the end of the week he _______ awayfrom his hometown for 20 years.A. has beenB. will have beenC. is to beD. would have been21. No sooner _______ than they began to work.A. they had arrivedB. they would arriveC. had they arrivedD. would they arrive22.The American Red Cross is one of the volunteer organizations_______ purpose is to help the sick and the needy.A. itsB. thatC. whoD. whose23.It is the general manager who makes the _______decisionsin business.A. beginningB. finishingC. firstD. final24. The manager showed the new employee _______to find the supplies.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. which25. Nothing can prevent him _____ learning Chinese painting.A. fromB. byC. outD. inSection BDirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You shouldfill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in thebrackets.26.I like Chinese food very much. It is ________ ( difference/different) from America.27. Miller is a(n) ______(/dishonest/honest)person, and we don ’t trust him.28. I am _______(interest/interested)in this movie. I want towatch it again.29.Don ’t open the window, and keep it ______(close/closed) please.30.Tom had just attended his son ’s _______ (graduation/graduate) in Harvard University.31.I feel like _______ (go/going) to Europe for a visit nextsummer vacation.32._______ (Personal/Personally), I think he is a very nice partner,though you may not agree.33.Please show me the photos _______ (take/taken) in Tibet.34. It is easy _______ (say/to say) things, but it ’s hard to do them.35.Many people find telephone interviews______(difficult/more difficult) than face-to-face interviews.得分Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (35%) 阅读理解题（共 20 题, 36-45 每题 2 分 46-60 每题 1 分，共 35 分）Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the task as you are instructed.Task 1Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had not legs butstumps (残肢 ) that could be fitted with a kind of special boots. People stared at him with cruel interest. Children laughed at himand called him“Ape Man”(猿人) because his arms practically dragged on the ground.Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good andhe needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of theusual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way though college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in oneof the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been movingaround on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even thestumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon haveto use a wheelchair.Hank felt himself get cold all over. However, the doctor saidthere was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs ( Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when stood up before the mirror. For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be - a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.假肢 ). HankHank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room, and marched back again. Therewere times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himselfup and went back to the endless marching. He went out on thestreet. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boatand learned to sail it.When World War II came, he talked the Red Crossing into giving him a job. He took the regular training. He marched anddrilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless.This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs.36. Children laughed at Hank and called him“Ape Man ”because _______.A. he didn’t talk to themB. he kept away from themC. his arms touched the ground when he movedD. he couldn’ t use his arms37.It can be inferred from the story five feet eight inches tall is________.A.an average height for a fully grown personB.too tall for an average personC.too short for an average personD.None of the above38.The sentence “ he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job ” implies that the Red Cross _______.39.When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers,he ____.A.did everything the other soldiers didB. did most of the things the other soldiers didC. did some of the things the other soldiers didD. took some special training40.The writer suggests that Hank Viscardi _________.A.had no friendsB.never saw himself as different from othersC.was very shyD.was too proud to accept help from othersTask 2In the United States, when a person becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, hewants people to think that he is. That is what“keeping up with the Joneses” is about. It is the story of someone who tried to lookas rich as his neighbors.The expression was first used in 1913 by a young Americancalled Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He beganearning $125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money inthose days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw thatrich people rode horses, Momand went horse-riding everyday. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wifealso hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.It was like a race, but one could never finish this race becauseone was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momandand his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way oflife. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.Momand looked around him and noticed that many people dothings just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbors. Hesaw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses ” because “ Jones” is a very common name in the Untie States. Keep up“with the Joneses ” came to mean keeping up with the rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared indifferent newspapers across the country for over 28 years.People never seem to get tried of keeping up with the Joneses.And there are “Joneses ” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because nomatter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.41.Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they_____.A.want to be as rich as their neighborsB.want others to know or to think that they are richC.don ’ t want others to know they are richD.want to be happy42.It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to _____.A.live outside New York CityB.live in New York CityC. live in apartmentsD. have many neighbors43. The underlined word“ neighborhood” in Para.2means________.A. a person who lives near anotherB. people living in an areaC. an area near the place referred toD. an area in another town or city44. Arthur Momand used the name“Jones” in his series ofshort stories because“Jones” is __________.A. an important nameB. a popular name in the United StatesC. his neighbor’s nameD. not a good name45. According to the writer, it is _____ to keep up with theJoneses.A.correctB.interestingC.impossibleD.goodTask 3Directions: The following is a passage. After reading it, you arerequired to complete the outline below it. You should write youranswers (in no more than 3 words)briefly.Freezing can keep food fresh and safe to eat. Freezing lowers).The the food temperature below zero degree Celsius( 摄氏 simplestway to prepare fruits is to cut them up and place them in a containerinside the freezer, in some cases it is better to permit the fruit tofreeze before putting it in the container. This will keepit from sticking to the container. This is called the “ dry pack ”method. The second way is the“ wet pack” method . The fruit is prepared along with some of its liquid or juice. You can add somesugar to fruits that are naturally juicy. The sugar sweetens thefruit and brings out its natural juice. Once foods have been unfrozen, they should not be frozen again. There is a danger offood poisoning if food is frozen more than once.Approaches to food preservationTask 4Advantages of freezing: 1. keep food46 to eat Directions: The following is a list of airport terms. After reading it,2. lower the food temperatureyou are required to find the Chinese equivalents in the table below.A— k nowledge workB —overall job growth rateC—corporate strategyD —outsourceE —cloud computingF— construction of senior communitiesG—assisted–living facilitiesH —by some countsI — clean–energy projectsJ — capping carbon emissionK —Earth shipL — Heating controlExample: (K)地球之船(L) 暖气控制51. () 限制碳排放52. （）清洁能源项目53. () 在某种意义上54. （）生活辅助设施55. () 老年社区建设56. （）云集计算57. () 服务外包58. （）企业发展战略59. () 总的工作增长率60. （）知识型工作得分Part Ⅳ Translation (15%) 翻译题（共 5 题, 每题 3 分 , 共 15 分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.61.He cuts through a forest to get to school.62.Science has brought about many changes in our lives.63. The members agree to modify the policy of recruiting newmembers.64.Most of the big cities in the world suffer from traffic jam.lions of people in Africa every year struggle for food.得分Part Ⅴ Writing (15%) 写作题（共 1 题, 每题 15 分，共15 分）Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.You are required to write a letter according to the instructions given in Chinese below.假设你是李浩，昨天下午你的朋友李铭来北京出差，并来看望你。
英语一真题
英语一真题一、阅读理解阅读理解一题目：阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
England is a small country, but it produces many excellent things. These things are interesting and they are not very expensive. They are famous for the world. They are English. The English people began to make things many years ago. They had always clever heads.The English people made beautiful glass. This glass was to be found in the houses of rich people in many countries. Some of it is very old. The English people made beautiful and clever toys from wood. They made lovely cups and plates from china. The children in many countries played with these toys. They drank milk from these cups and ate from these plates.The English people made many clever things from iron and from copper. They made machines and ships of iron. They put up bridges of iron over rivers. They made pots of copper. They made pans and kettles of iron. They made knives and forks of steel. Some of them are still being used by people in many countries. Iron and steel things are strong and they last a long time.England was the first country to have very fast trains. The trains ran on lines, and other countries soon began to make lines for trains to run on too. Now there are thousands of trains running on lines all over the world.There are many beautiful old houses in England. Some of them were built by people who were rich hundreds of years ago. Some of them are now museums.In England there are always many boats upon the rivers and canals. Some of the boats are more than two hundred years old. They are still used by people who live on the water in them.1. What are the English things famous for in the world?A)Their size.B)Their quality.C)Their quantity.D)Their price.2. What is the glass made by the English mainly used for?A)For making toys.B)For decorating houses.C)For blowing cups and plates.D)For drinking milk and soup.3. Why do English iron and steel things often last for a long time?A)Because they are very strong.B)Because they are made of solid iron.C)Because they are made by clever people.D)Because they are expensive.4. Which is NOT true about the trains according to the passage?A)England was the first country to have trains.B)Trains in England ran on lines.C)England made lines for trains to run on.D)There are many trains running on lines all over the world now.答案：1. B2. B3. A4. A阅读理解二题目：阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
(完整版)英语专业四级模拟试卷(1)(可编辑修改word版)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS—GRADE FOUR—MODEL TEST ONEPART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on the ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section, you will hear two conversations. At the end of the conversion, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. A two-storied and four-bedroom house located in a small town.B.A town house with two floors, two bedrooms, and four bedrooms.C.A two-bedroom town house with four bathrooms, two floors.D.A two-storied house located in a street with an area of 1080m2 .2. A. $ 250,000.B. $ 260,000.C. $ 253,000.D. $ 263,000.3. A. His credit score is of average level.B.His credt score is of advanved level.C.He pays on time occasionally.D.He keeps records of the credit.4. A. His gross monthly income is sufficient.B.His preference of a moderate life of loan.C.The interest of the 30-year one is beyong his capacity.D.His unwillingness to pay much money.5. A. Credit.B.Life of the loan.C.Bank policy.D.Income.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. When you want to save more money.B.When you want to get a discount.C.When the gift is on your shopping list.D.When the gift is worth the money.7. A. Limit 1.B.Limit 3.C.Limit 5.D.Limit 6.8. A. If I buy the goods, I will save more money.B.If I don’t buy the goods, there will be no such goods.C.If I buy the goods, I will get a free gift.D.If I don’t buy the goods, they will raise the price.9. A. In order to let you conpare prices when buying.B.In order to let you ignore the high price.C.In order to let you buy things in advance.D.In order to let you wait to buy some better things.10. A. “Stay focused” are the key words when shopping.B.Kellt Grant tells us to make a shopping list and check it twice when shopping.C.Kelly Grant recommends the “shop now, save later” shopping way.D.Coupons are the things that the stores want you to come back again.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN]There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.11.Among the sentences below, it is sentence that denotes “future of present cause”.A.The hugely successful British boy band will split soon.B.The hugely successful British boy band may be splitting soon.C.The hugely successful British boy band is going to split soon.D.The hugely successful British boy band is splitting soon.12.The following determiners can be used with uncountable nouns EXCEPT .A.heaps ofB.lots ofC.umpteenD.quantities of13.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A.Mr White is principal of the school, and an expert in translation.B.He is not man enough, and that’s all.C.Jack grew wheat on his farm during the day, and he studied astrnomy at night.D.He didn’t stay up late, and he was tardy for school.14.There was a storm I had never experienced before.A.such asB.as whichC.with whichD.for such15.This rule to everyone who for the post.A.will apply… will applyB.applies… will applyC.will apply… appliesD.applies…. is applying16.Who in but the President himself!A.is comingB.should comeC.cameD.has come17.Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial?A.I don’t want a book with a torn cover.B.The grass was wet with rain.C.It is in bad taste to boost.D.Between four and six will suit me.18.Though the young lady was very pretty and gracious, she was none happier for her beauty.A.theB.muchC.moreD.enough19.Which of the following best explains the meaning of “Shall my daughter do your shopping for you?”A.Do you agree to my daughter doing your shopping for you?B.Are you willing to let my daughter do your shopping for you?C.Do you want my daughter to do your shopping for you?D.Am I willing to let my daughter do your shopping for you?20.There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, they can limit how much water you drink.A.norB.no more thanC.not more thanD.any more than21.Harry took a of his drink and then put the glass down.A.tasteB.lickC.mouthD.sip22.As he made no to our quarrel, I assumed he had forgiven me.A.referenceB.statementmentD.mention23.At the casualty department my brother had his injury .A.curedB.healedC.relievedD.treated24.In the majority of cases, this is a vital operation.A.tremendousB.handsomeC.broadD.wide25.caused the accident has not yet been found.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which26.What happens to her? She’s been behaving very strange late.A.byB.ofC.forD.till27.My young brother has really gotten under my skin. The underlined part means .A.made me angryB.made me tiredC.made me excitedD.made me annoyed28.—I’m glad to see you looking so well.—Yes, I feel as as a fiddle.A.wellB.fitC.fineD.fresh29.The local wine is rather rough, but you’ll soon a taste for it!A.receiveB.adoptC.acquireD.accept30.The rays of the morning sun begin to shine through windows, casting a glow ofgold over the landscape.A.carved antique woodenB.antique carved woodenC.antique wooden carvedD.wooden antique carvedPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of (31) , has been continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities that may have been (32) in origin but have come to be designated as artistic such as music or dance, painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (33) to express his own personality and his (34) understanding of an existence beyond the material world. Unlike music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction from the 15,000-year-old- cave murals of Lascaux-- some examples (35) to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, unlike other arts, exhibits universal qualities that make it easy for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major (36) examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the Soviet Union. But some 5,000 years ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed (37) to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions. Therefore, Western shared a European cultural tradition the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.Western painting is (38) distinguished by its concentration on the representation of the human (39) , whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance extended this tradition through a(n) (40) examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspectives in the visible world, linking painting to the developing sciences of anatomy and optics.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MUTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEGiven the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs.Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, "Never was so dull a boy. " Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: "Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach."As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeats's level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.41.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmith's teachers .A．to provide support for his argument.B.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted children.C.to explain how dull students can also be successful.D.to show how poor Oliver's performance was at school.42.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who .A．paid no attention to their teachers in class.B.contradicted their teachers much too often.C.could not cope with their studies at school successfully.D.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers.43.Many gifted people attributed their success .A．mainly to parental help and their education at home.B.both to school instruction and to their rparents' coaching.C.more to their parents' encouragement than to school training.D.less to their systematic education than to their talent.PASSAGE TWOA controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate.In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K.Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.44.Before DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects .A.would have to leave their fingerprints for further investigationsB.would have to submit evidence for their innocenceC.could easily escape conviction of guiltD.could be convicted of guilt as well45.The attitude of the Federal Bereau of Investigation shows that .A.e nough data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihoodof two DNA samples coming from two individual membersB.enough data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples formthe same person can matchC.e nough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood oftwo different DNA samples coming form the same personD.a dditional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that twoDNA samples are unlikely to come from the same person46.The National Academy of Sciences holds the stance that .A.DNA testing should be systematizedB.only authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testingC.it is authorized to work out standards for testingD.it has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testingPASSAGE THREEA few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great State of New York, to run against Stewart L. Woodford and John T. Hoffman, on an independent ticket. I somehow felt that I had one prominent advantage over these gentlemen, and that was, good character. It was easy to see by the newspapers, that if ever they had known what it was to bear a good name, that time had gone by. It was plain that in these latter years they had become familiar with all manner of shameful crimes. But at the very moment that I was exalting my advantage and joying in it in secret, there was a muddy undercurrent of discomfort "riling" the deeps of my happiness -- and that was, the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people.But after all, I could not recede. I was fully committed and must go on with the fight. As I was looking listlessly over the papers at breakfast, I came across this paragraph, and I may truly say I never was so confounded before:PERJURY. -- Perhaps, now that Mr. Mark Twain is before the people as a candidate for Governor, he will condescend to explain how he came to be convicted of perjury by thirty-four witnesses, in Wakawak, Cochin China, in 1863, the intent of which perjury was to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meagre plantain patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and their desolation. Mr. Twain owes it to himself, as well as to the great people whose suffrages he asks, to clear this matter up. Will he do it?I thought I should burst with amazement! Such a cruel, heartless charge -- I never had seen Cochin China! I never had beard of Wakawak! I didn't know a plantain patch from a kangaroo! I did not know what to do. I was crazed and helpless. I let the day slip away without doing anything at all.[Mem. -- During the rest of the campaign this paper never referred to me in any other way than as "the infamous perjurer Twain."]Next came the "Gazette," with this:WANTED TO KNOW. -- Will the new candidate for Governor deign to explain to certain of his fellow-citizens (who are suffering to vote for him!) the little circumstance of his cabin-mates in Montana losing small valuables from time to time, until at last, these things having been invariably found on Mr. Twain's person or in his "trunk" (newspaper he rolled his traps in), they felt compelled to give him a friendly admonition for his own good, and so tarred and featheredhim and rode him on a rail, and then advised him to leave a permanent vacuum in the place he usually occupied in the camp. Will he do this?Could anything be more deliberately malicious than that? For I never was in Montana in my life. [After this, this journal customarily spoke of me as "Twain, the Montana Thief."]I got to pick up papers apprehensively -- much as one would lift a desired blanket which he had some idea might have a rattlesnake under it.By this time anonymous letters were getting to be an important part of my mail matter. This form was common:How about that old woman you kicked of...Shortly the principal Republican journal "convicted" me of wholesale bribery, and the leading Democratic paper "nailed" an aggravated case of blackmailing to me.[In this way I acquired two additional names: "Twain, the Filthy Corruptionist," and "Twain, the Loathsome Embracer."]There was no possible way of getting out of it, and so, in deep humiliation, I set about preparing to "answer" a mass of baseless charges and mean and wicked falsehoods. But I never finished the task, for the very next morning a paper came out with a new horror, a fresh malignity, and seriously charged me with burning a lunatic asylum with all its inmates, because it obstructed the view from my house. This threw me into a sort of panic. And at last, as a due and fitting climax to the shameless persecution that party rancor had inflicted upon me, nine little toddling children of all shades of color and degrees of raggedness were taught to rush on to the platform at a public meeting and clasp me around the legs and call me PA!I gave up. I hauled down my colors and surrendered. I was not equal to the requirements of a Gubernatorial campaign in the State of New York, and so I sent in my withdrawal from the candidacy, and in bitterness of spirit signed it,"Truly yours,"Once a decent man, but now MARK TWAIN, I. P., M. T., B. S., D. T., F. C., and L. E."47.According to Para.1, Twain felt uncomfortable probably because .A.he was afraid that his good fame would be blackenedB.he felt reluctant to associate with the evil peopleC.it brought no honor to the victor in an unequal contestD.it was too late to recede from a problematic competiton48.The Gazatte accused Twain of .A.throwing away his friend’s belongingsB.making a practical joke of his enemiesC.stealing and hiding a mate’s precious stuffD.occupying the camp of another person49.To injure Twain’s reputation, his rivals tried all the following EXCEPT .A.media disinformationB.letters if false accusationC.anonymous blackmailsD.humiliation in publicSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section, there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE50.What makes gifted students often have little good to say about their school experience?PASSAGE TWO51.What is the main idea of the passage?PASSAGE THREE52.What does the word “ apprehensively” probably mean in Para.10?53.What may be the title for the passage?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Read carefully the following excerpt, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:·summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then·comment on whether surveillance cameras are beneficial or not.You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.——THE END ——ANSWER SHEET 1PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONCoral ReefsI.Coral reefs facing a precarious situation1)Warmer oceans due to (1)2)Death of corals: Temperatures rise (2) than average summer maximum3)Reasons why coals die at high temperatures: (3) between corals and algae destroyed. II.New study on corals in the Persian Gulf1)Phenomenon:Algae there can bear as hot as (4)2)Findings:A.Algae inside the Persian Gulf corals is (5)B.Survival of corals in the Persian Gulf: dependent on the (6) of the algae3)Method:Step 1: Samples from (7) within the Persian Gulf, the (8) Gulf of Oman, and the Red SeaStep 2: (9) the samples for the (10) associated with the peculiar algaeStep 3: (11) of the peculiar algae itself examined4) (12) :Algae in the Perish Gulf gradually (13) the extreme heat of the Persian Gulf5)Conclusion: The traits remain (14)6)Implication: The finding may help maintain the (15) of algae in oceansPART I DICTATION KeyPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK(1) climate change(2) a degree higher(3) the symbiotic relationship(4) 35 ℃(5) a different species(6) heat tolerance(7) 23 reefs(8) adjacent(9) Screen(10) unique DNA signature(11) Analyze the genetics(12) Explanation :(13) adapt to/ tolerate(14) to be identified(15) bio-diversitiesSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1~5 B B C D A6~10 C D B B CPART III LANGUAGE USAGE11~15C CD A C 16~20B B A B D 21~25D A D B B 26~30B A BC BPART IV CLOZE31~35 G L C A B36~40 N O E M JPART V READING COMPREHENSION41~43 A C B44~46 C B B47~49 A C C50.The lack of fit between gifted students and their schools.51.The controversial use of DNA fingerprinting.52.With anxiety and worry.53.Running / Campaigning for Governor.。
考研英语一真题及答案完整版（word）
考研英语一真题及答案完整版（word）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it isbizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discern able, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provideupdated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information —is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more l ike entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protect ions. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digitalinformation in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handling one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going throug h one’s wallet.29. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C]California’s argument violates princi ples of the Constitution.[D]principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” wr ites McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal edito rs, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of?Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard Schoolof Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowada ys, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of revie wing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science’s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers’ workl oad.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science。
西南大学研究生英语1样题
西南大学研究生英语1样题试题指令及问题举例PaperOnePartI. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentencethere are four choice marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the ONEanswer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:Ihave been to the Great Wall three times ________ 1980.[A]about[B] during[C]since[D] forThebest choice is “C”, so your answer should be: [A] [B][C][D]1.________ Eric started a job, he would not stop ________ it wasfinished.[A]Once, till[B] Each time, once[C]Since, when[D] The moment, as2.The proposed law, while brilliantly ________, has been poorly devisedto do thejobat hand.[A]confirmed[B] promoted[C]deceived[D] conceived……Key: 1. A 2. DPartII. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 65 minutes)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each ofthem there are fourchoices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the bestchoice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the center.(1)Ifyou’ve been married to the world’s loudest snorer fornearly four decades, you’re either a saint or you’redeaf.JulieSwitzer is a little of both.OnJuly 4, the 61-year-old British homemaker will celebrate her 40thanniversary with her husband Mel, a cab driver whose snoring has beenmeasured at 92.5 decibels—louder than a police siren.Untilhe found a treatment, flight attendants would ask him not to sleep onplanes. Eight of his neighbors sold their homes in one 10-yearperiod. Only his wife stood by his side.“Mywife and I love ach other,” he says. “And she is deaf inone ear.”Julie’scondition had no connection to her husband’s strident snoozing(打盹儿).But even with diminished hearing, she found it hard to sleep—andthough to get up each day to get their two boys off to school. “Ijust thought most men sound like a electric saw in t he bedroom,”she says.Aftertwo decades of sleeplessness, Julie entered Mel in a local contest,sponsored by a British newspaper in 1984, to find the loudest snoringhusband in the United Kingdom. Until then, Mel had not realized thescope of his snore.Thecontest turned out to be the best thing she ever did. In one bravestroke, Julie turned her husband into an international celebrity ofsorts. Suddenly, she and Mel were flying to Japan, so that doctorscould measure his snoring on national TV.“Iguess there are better reasons to be famous,” Mel says.“Butif people are sending you to Tokyo, why fight it?”Thefolks at Guinness were quick to certify him, and all the attentionbrought hundreds of would-be remedies—including one thatfinally worked.Aboutfour years ago, New York entrepreneur Robert Ross gave Mel a Chineseherbal concoction that he now markets throughout North America asY-snore.Y-snorechanged the Switzers’ life. Just a few drops in the nose andMel is silent as a lamb. Finally, a peaceful night for his wife.1.Julie Switzer is considered somewhat a saint because ________.[A]she has been an excellent homemaker all the time[B]she has been married to Mel for 40 years[C]she turned a deaf ear to her husband’s snoring[D]she tolerated the loudest snoring in the world for more than 40 years2.What did Julie think of her husband’s snoring before sheentered him in a local contest?[A]She thought it was as loud as a police siren.[B]She felt bored.[C]She thought it was just a normal phenomenon.[D]She was anxious to find a cure for her husband’s snoring.3.Entering her husband in the snoring contest was the best thing Julieever didbecause________.[A]Mel became a famous person as a result of the contest[B]Mel became rich after winning the first prize[C]then she began to know how loud her husband’s snoring was[D]she managed to prove to the world that her husband wasa very braveman4.What does Mel think of his own success in the contest?[A]He believes that it is a great victory.[B]He is glad to take the opportunity to travel.[C]He feels embarrassed to be known as “the world’s loudestsnorer.”[D]He feels proud of himself and his wife.5.According to what is said in the passage, Y-snore is ________.[A]an interesting question Robert Ross asked Mel[B]a Japanese medical instrument that Mel bought in Japan[C]the name of a Chinese drug store that can be found in North America[D]a kind of medicine that stops snoring effectively……Key:1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. DPartIII. Cloze (20 points, 35 minutes)Directions:In this part there is a passage with 20blanks. For each blank there are four choices of words (phrases)marked A), B), C), and D). You are asked to choose the ONE word(phrase) that best fits into the passage. Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Atthe moment some 170,000 young people throughout Britain are sufferingwhat is potentially the most tense and anxious time of their lives.That is the ___1___ of students currently preparing to ___2___ theirA-levels–examinations which will decide ___3___ a studentproceeds smoothly on to the next step of the academic ___4___ orwhether six years of work at secondary –school will be spent inthe bitter disappointment of failure. ___5___ the medical“stress-charts” examinations ___6___somewherebehind a death ___7___, a divorce or even the loss of a job; ___8___the symptoms of anxiety are all the more weakening ___9___ they arebefore the event ___10___ after it, and may ___11___ themselves beenough to ___12___ the student’s worst fears failing.……1.A)amountB) numberC) accountD) members2.A)sit uponB) sit downC) sit forD) sit over3.A)howB) whatC) whyD) whether4.A)careerB) purposeC) projectD) ladder5.A)AtB) AboveC) WithinD) In6.A)successB) rankC) line upD) link7.A)in the houseB) at homeC) in the familyD) in homes8.A)thereforeB) thusC) butD) as a result9.A)soB) becauseC) whenD) if10.A)more thanB) even moreC) rather thanD) less than11.A)ofB) onC) inD) from12.A)bring backB) bring aboutC) bring alongD) bring through……Key:1.B2. C3.D4. D5. D6. B7.C 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. BPaperTwoPartIV Chinese-English Translation (15 points, 30 minutes)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English and write yourtranslation on Answer Sheet 2.1.我们不要把关心老人只停留在口头上，要办实事帮助他们解决困难。
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云南师范大学文理学院2009–2010学年度下学期《大学英语2》试卷（样卷）The Sample Paper for College English Course II 构成概要：Listening Comprehension 20%V ocabulary and Structure 25%Reading Comprehension 30%Cloze 10%Writing 15%I.Listening Comprehension 20%略II.V ocabulary and Structure 25%Section ADirections: In this section, there are 40 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. (0.5×40=20 points)1. Jim was caught drugs into the country.A. stealB. smugglingC. smugD. giggling2. The firm will the workers their loss of job.A. compact; withB. conflict; withC. compensate; forD. fight; for3. David sent his girlfriend a ring by his grandmother for all her life.A. have keptB. keptC. has keptD. has been kept4. from the top of the mountain, the building looks like a bird nest.A. ViewedB. ViewingC. Been viewedD. Being viewed5. In the swamp the army by mosquitoes.A. was fallenB. was besetC. was worriedD. was set6. It’s almost impossible to find a job which you can hold for all your life now.A. brilliantB. distinguishingC. humbleD. permanent7. Forcing an brand into a foreign market can be difficult without an insider who can provide valuable information about local marketing.A. establishB. establishingC. establishedD. to establish8. Solar energy can be (an) good electricity.9. By10. have onceA. is takingB. will takeC. takesD. take15. What he did was always consistent _______ his wordsA. withB. toC. inD. of16. Even an expert could not solve this problem, _______ a student like you.A. not mentionB. let aloneC. not to sayD. regardless17. You cannot _______ speeding on the highway, for there are security cameras every 500meters.A. get inB. get ontoC. get away withD. get out18. Your argument is too weak to _______ me.A. educateB. remindC. hitD. convince19. It is very likely that in the near future, robots will _______ human tasks.A. take withB. take overC. take awayD. take to20. Doctors _______ much time to their patients.A. spendB. takeC. deserveD. devote21. Tom, who has not finished his middle school study, has no _____ of a decent job.A. prospectB. interviewC. pressureD. application22. In this country, some schools are under the supervision of locally _____ committees.A. consistedB. composedC. appointedD. rotated23. Don’t _____ to let me know if you are in need of help.A. hesitateB. rejectC. puzzleD. thrill24. This kind of holiday is thought to be of Chinese _____.A. sourceB. originC. civilizationD. ambition25. The _____ to this problem is still under discussion.A. actionB. strategyC. solutionD. impact26. They don’t like the rainy weather in winter. But they have to _____ it.A. live forB. live onC. live withD. live along27. The primary school enrolled all the school-aged children in this neighborhood though it_____ teachers.A. cut short ofB. took a short cutC. was short ofD. took a short break28. This instrument is very complicated. Once _____, it can hardly be reassembled.A. taken abackB. taken apartC. taken offD. taken away29. All those who attempt to turn back the wheel of history will _____.A. draw to a closeB. come to no good endC. make both ends meetD. come round the corner30. The sleeping cat lay too close to the fire and _____ its tail _____.A. has…burnedB. had…burnedC. has…burningD. had…burn31. Mr. Green had hardly said a word since lunch, _____ had his wife.A. eitherB. orC. norD. so32. It’s no use thinking too much about one’s _____ youth.A. lossB. losingC. loseD. lost33. Being aware that Jack was dishonest, the teacher demanded he _____ nothing but thetruth.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. tells34. Tom’s mother _____ to return home after the night fell.A. seesB. is seenC. was seenD. see35. In the opinion of many adults, Chinese food is far _____ to fast food like McDonald’s andKFC.A. immuneB. superiorC. essentialD. vital36. During the talks, both sides agreed to _____ possible fields of joint programs.A. concludeB. exploreC. undoD. register37. Many a time, the director avoided _____ on some sensitive issues.A. taking a standB. taking advantage ofC. talking back toD. taking to38. Plants absorb water and carbon dioxide, and, using light energy, _____organiccompounds.A. protect them fromB. convert them intoC. drive them intoD. force them into39. Make sure that the name on the envelope _____ with the name on the letter inside.A. amountsB. equalsC. correspondsD. tells40. Careful planning and hard work will ______ our final success.A. encloseB. ensureC. dischargeD. deny40. Careful planning and hard work will ______ our final success.A. encloseB. ensureC. dischargeD. denySection BFill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given below. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (0.5×10=5 points)The World Wide Web has transformed the way people live, 41 and play. People can play travel agent and 42 all the elements of a vacation online. They can arrange for their bills to be paid automatically 43 they are gone. They can put a hold on mail delivery, 44 directions to tourist attractions and get a long-term weather 45 before they pack. Even 46 vacation, they can log onto the Web to 47 news from their hometown49 the III. by some There to instruct order of . seem interest stories. The information content is rather low, and instruction is veryminor. The quality newspapers put a much higher value on information and a much lower one on entertainment.It is not only in content that the 2 groups of papers differ. There is a difference, too, in the style in which the articles are written. The popular papers generally use more dramatic language with a lot of word-play. Their journalists tend to use shorter sentences and avoid less well-known vocabulary. This means that popular newspapers are easier for a native speaker to understand, though probably not for a non-native speaker.Popular papers are generally smaller with fewer columns per page. They have biggerheadlines and more photographs. The articles are shorter and there are fewer per page. Such devices are not only used to make the paper more attractive; they may also influence what the reader reads. Large headlines, pictures and position on the page all serve to draw the reader’s attention to one article rather than the other.51. What is the best title of the passage?A. The popularity of quality newspapers.B. Characteristics of the popular newspapers.C. Newspaper skills to attract the reader’s attention.D. Ways used by newspapers to influenc e reader’s reading.52. The passage implies that most readers read newspapers mainly _____.A. for entertainmentB. for informationC. for instructionD. for learning53. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The quality newspapers have a larger reading public.B. The popular newspapers put greater emphasis on light-hearted interest stories.C. The popular newspapers use more dramatic language and shorter sentences.D. The quality newspapers put a much lower value on entertainment.54. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Popular newspapers put more emphasis on attracting reader’s attention.B. Popular newspapers attach greater attention to instructions.C. Popular newspapers tend to use more familiar words.D. There are fewer columns per page in popular newspapers.55. According to the passage, _____.A. non-native speakers like reading popular newspapersB. blue-collar workers don’t like reading pop ular newspapersC. well-educated native speakers don’t like reading quality newspapersD. professional people like reading quality newspapersQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:Many people hope that the whole world will one day speak a common language. Over the years, people have made up new languages with this aim. At least six hundred languages have been developed in the search for a language which all human beings would be able tospeak. The most famous one, Esperanto (世界语), was the idea of Ludwig Zamenhof, a doctor in Warsaw. He published a book about his new language in 1887.To encourage people to learn the Language, he made it as simple as possible.Esperanto has never been accepted as an official world language, but it has been suggested as an auxiliary language.By 1950 it had been taught to one and a half million speakers, and it was spoken in six hundred schools. Today Esperanto is spoken by about eight million people, and more than one hundred newspapers and magazines in the language are published regularly throughout the world. Thousands of books have been written in Esperanto, including those translated from other languages.Today the need for a new auxiliary language like Esperanto seems less obvious. Throughout this century English has grown more and more important. It has become a second language for many millions of people. The fact that more are learning English shows that the use of English is still growing worldwide. No one would deny the usefulness of a world language, but not many people think that Esperanto is likely to play such a role.56. Over the years, people have made up new languages in the hope that ______.A. all people will be able to speak a common languageB. people will learn a foreign language betterC. people can understand each other betterD. people will be able to speak several languages57. Zamenhof made the language as simple as possible because ______.A. he wanted people to learn it quicklyB. he hoped more and more people would be willing to learn itC. he wanted everyone to speak it without any difficultyD. he hoped it would be accepted as an official world language58. Which of the following statements is NOT true of Esperanto?A. It has been suggested as an auxiliary language.B. Many newspapers are published in Esperanto regularly throughout the world.C. It was once used as an official language.D. It is spoken today by many millions of people.59. Which of the following is NOT true of English?A. It is widely taught in schools.B. It has become a second language for many millions of people.C. Many books have been written in English.D. It is less popular than Esperanto.60. What is the best title of the passage?A. The language made by one man.B. A talk about the world language.C. English as a second language for everyone.D. Esperanto—a better language than English.Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had news to report: The damage and death toll could have been much worse.More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims.Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the c ity’s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.Despite the good news, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.61. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively lowwas that .A. new computers had been installed in the buildingsB. it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highwaysC. large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holidayD. improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways62. The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to .A. counterbalance an earthquake’s action on the buildingB. predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracyC. help strengthen the foundation of the buildingD. measure the impact of an earthquake's vibrations63. The smart buildings discussed in the passage .A. would cause serious financial problemsIV.Directions: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best fits into the passage. (1×10=10 points)Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food 66 it is badly cooked. The way a meal is cooked and served is most important and an attractively served meal will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child 67 he likes or dislikes a food and never discuss likes and dislikes infront of him or allow 68 else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother refuses vegetables in the child’s hearing, he is likely to copy this procedure. Take it for granted that he likes everything and he probably 69 . Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a 70 dislike. At meal times it is a good idea to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second helping rather than give him as 71 as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child 72 meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not 73 him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will 74 learn to swallow his food so he can hurry back to his toys. Under 75 circumstances must a child be coaxed or forced to eat.66. A. if B. until C. that D. unless67. A. whether B. what C. that D. which68. A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody69. A. should B. may C. will D. must70. A. supposed B. proved C. considered D. related71. A. much B. little C. few D. many72. A. on B. over C. by D. during73. A. agree B. allow C. force D. persuade74. A. hurriedly B. soon C. fast D. slowly75. A. some B. any C. such D. noV.Writing 15%Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Importance of Teamwork. You should write at least 100 words, basing your composition on the outline given in Chinese below and write your composition in the corresponding place on your Answer Sheet.1. 每个人都要有团队合作精神。