2020版高考二轮复习专题一阅读理解第二部分第二讲做出推理和判断——推理判断题专题强化训练(英语 解析
A(2019·安徽百所重点中学三模)I’ve been a volunteer in the Macmillan @ Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer might be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work.At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a counselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions(情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling during her visit.The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is nonclinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctor’s surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often.It’s great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution(解决) for people who come in. It’s good to have the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
作者在本文中记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经历。
作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。
1．What can we infer about the author?A．He is a retired doctor.B．He is volunteering in a hospital.C．He is a counselor in cancer.D．He has fought against cancer before.A解析：推理判断题。
根据第一段的内容可知，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，可以推测出作者是一名退休医生。
2．Why did the lady feel upset?A．Because she was affected by cancer.B．Because her husband suffered from cancer.C．Because she didn’t know how to treat cancer.D．Because she had a poor relation with her husband.B解析：细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner.”和“we discussed with her what could be done for her family”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。
注意：此处的“partner”表示“配偶”。
3．What do we know about the volunteers?A．They do well in teamwork.B．They receive medical training.C．They all used to be helped.D．They often meet unusual things.A解析：推理判断题。
根据最后一段的首句“It’s great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution(解决) for people who come in.”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案。
由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。
4．Why does the author write this text?A．To call on readers to do voluntary work.B．To show us how to help those in trouble.C．To share his experiences as a volunteer.D．To teach us how to take care of cancer patients.C解析：写作意图题。
综合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。
因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。
B(2019·湖北八校高三第二次联考)A woman grasped her phone to her heart the way a minister might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of a bunch of flowers that sat not 10 feet away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular annual events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco. For the 34th year, artists were asked to create flower bunches that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. It’s time to take a photo to post on Instagram, but to the point that it has become a problem.In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had ruined their experience. In fact, institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their visitors. So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibition’s sixday run.One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A recent study in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this; it found that people who took photos of an exhibit rather than simply observing it hada harder time remembering what they saw. But the issue is complicated for the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a phototaking playland”. Yet a lot of other people do, and she thinks that the de Young is in no position to judge that one motivation for buying a $28 ticket is more valid than another. “If we removed social media and photography，”she says, “we would risk becoming less popular.” If this is a battle, signs indicate that the prophone crowd(亲手机人群) has already won.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。
新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习专题一阅读理解第二部分怎样准解题第二讲推理判断题__于文有据不枉断
技法4 文章出处类——根据文章体裁和内容推出处
arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain，the potential implications for group discussion and decision-
【近3年全国卷考情分析】
清迷点·扫盲点
练重点·练难点
清迷点·扫盲点
一、推理判断题解题技巧要掌握
技法1 推断隐含意义类——逻辑分析得结论 知答题方略 一“抓”一“整”找“依据”，巧做推断隐含题 1.抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理：要善于抓住某一段话中的关键 信息，即用某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或 正面推理。 2.整合全文(段)信息进行推断：有时需要在弄懂全文(段)意思的基础上， 整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。 3.以事实为依据：推断一定要以文章所提供的事实为依据，不能凭空 想象，这样才能做出合理的推断。
group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with
those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened somet the dominant response. Most frequently，the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow ， these
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断理解试题特点及解题指导
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断理解试题特点及解题指导一、推理判断类题目常见的设问方式１．Ｉｔｃａｎｂｅｉｎｆｅｒｒｅｄ／ｃｏｎｃｌｕｄｅｄ／ｓｅｅｎｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｔｈａｔ．２．Ｗｈｉｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｓｃａｎｗｅｄｒａｗａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅ？３．Ｉｎｗｈｉｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐｕｂｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ（出版物）ｗｏｕｌｄｔｈｉｓｐａｓｓａｇｅｍｏｓｔｌｉｋｅｌｙｂｅｐｒｉｎｔｅｄ？４．Ｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｉｍｐｌｉｅｓ，ｂｕｔｄｏｅｓｎ ｔｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｓｔａｔｅｔｈａｔ．５．Ｔｈｅｗｒｉｔｅｒｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｓｔｈａｔ．６．Ｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙｆｅｅｌｓｔｈａｔ．７．Ｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｕｓｅｓｔｈｅｅｘａｍｐｌｅｏｆ．．．ｔｏｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔ．８．Ｗｈａｔ ｓｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒ ｓａｔｔｉｔｕｄｅｔｏｗａｒｄ．．．？二、判断１．什么叫判断判断是指对已知的事实仔细评价之后作出的合理的决定。
这里所说的合理的决定，并非指唯一的决定。
对同一事实所作的判断可能不止一个。
譬如说，两个人都对某天早晨的阴天作了观察，一个人可能会作出天要下雨的判断，出门时带了雨伞；而另一个判断天将放晴，因此出门时没带雨伞。
谁的判断是正确的，只有等未来的天气变化后才能得到验证。
人们不仅在生活中需要作判断，在阅读中同样需要作判断。
２．怎样在阅读中作判断在阅读中作判断，一定要以材料提供的事实为依据，作出的判断要合乎情理。
阅读判断的方法和步骤如下：（１）通过辨认细节的追忆技巧，了解并理解有关的事实或证据。
（２）对这些事实或证据进行分析和评价。
（３）在分析和评价的基础上作合理的决定。
有时需要借助常识作决定。
三、推论１．什么叫推论对已知事实的内涵所作的陈述或以事实为依据对未知情况所作的陈述叫做推论。
换言之，推论是对已知事实所作的联想或对未知情况所作的合理的猜测。
2020届高考英语二轮复习教师用书：第二板块第二部分第二讲 推理判断题
第二讲 推理判断题[整体感知·明方向]推理判断题是阅读理解的另一重要题型，属于深层理解类试题，要求考生在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系及细节的分析，进行推理和判断，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义。
推理判断题通常占阅读理解总题数的20%～35%，仅次于细节理解题。
为更好地区分考生，这几年对推理判断题的考查，难度呈上升趋势。
[常见设问方式] 熟悉4种常考题型1．细节推理判断题细节推理判断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。
一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：It can be inferred from the text that ________.It can be concluded from the passage that ________.The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that ________.2．观点、态度推理判断题该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：The attitude of the author towards somebody/something is ________.The author's attitude towards...can be best described as ________.The tone of this passage is best described as ________.3．写作意图推理判断题该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：The main purpose of this text is ________.What's the author's purpose in writing this article?It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for ________.The author writes this passage to ________.The author in this passage intends to________.4．文章出处推理判断题该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：This passage most likely comes from ________.In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text?Where does the text most probably come from?From which is the text probably taken?[正确选项特征]1．不是文中直接或明确说明的内容，是间接表达出来的，除符合文章主旨外，还符合逻辑，让考生有推敲的余地。
高考英语二轮专题复习阅读之推理判断PPT教学课件
⑤Where would this passage most probably appear/come from ?
The passage is most likely a part of ... ...?
________________ 文章出处
⑥Who is the passage written for? Who are the intended/target readers of the passage?
What would an authoritative father do when raising his children? A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them. C. Control their behaviors. D. Explain the rules to them
__________文___章__/_段落隐含意义
②What does the author think of ... ...? What's the author's attitude toward... ...?
______________人_ 物观点态度
③ Which of the following do you think gives the most important trait(特 性)/quality/feelings of
正选项特点： ①原文意思间接表达（paraphrase) ② 紧扣文章主旨 ③常位于含有虚拟语气或情态动词（should,
might, , may) 的句中 干扰项特点 ： ①夸大事实 ②断章取义 ③无中生有 ④掺入常识 ⑤推理过头 ⑥原文原句
小试牛刀（B.AT.2hT0ehye1ya7rae全resad国distaoIpIppIao）ritnwteidthwthiteh
高考二轮复习之阅读理解专题课件：阅读理解之推理判断题
选项特征
返回
解题策略
技法一 隐含推断题——关键词句细推敲 隐含推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时、 地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息， 或者借助语境进行推理判断。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系， 理解关键词句的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。一般题干主要 包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)， suggest(暗示)，conclude(得出结论)和assume(假定，设想)。
35.Which statement will the author probably agree with?
√A.A city can be young and old at the same time.
B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
promise should be made between the local and the foreign.
推理判断题。依据题干定位细节，即上文第二段中的“On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.”和最后一段中的“He is right”， 揣摩此细节可知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以 同时既年轻又古老。故选A。
2020版高考二轮复习第一部分板块二题型一第二讲推理判断题课件(英语)
板块二 语篇板块—— 阅读理解 阅读七选五
题型一 阅读理解
完形填空
第二讲 推理判断题
C目录 ONTENTS
做真题•感悟高考 研题型•解锁疑难 刷题组•题型突破
[做真题·感悟高考]
真题体验 透视命题规律
(2019·高考北京卷·B)Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者)，who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分
析、推理、判断。
在推理判断题题干中常含有表示“表明、暗示、推论” 的词汇，如infer，imply，suggest，conclude，learn，intend， mean，show等。有时提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，如 can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的词，如 probably，most likely，seem等。这类试题常以如下句式发 问：
解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词warning可直接定 位到第二段第五句，该句表示Alice Moore想要解决父亲提出 的问题，因为她不愿意放弃享用糖果的机会，故B项“她试 图找到解决的办法”为正确选项。 答案：B
35．What is special about CanCandy? A．It is beneficial to dental health. B．It is free of sweeteners. C．It is sweeter than other candies. D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断--写作意图题考查解读
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断--写作意图题考查解读【题型解读】各种话题的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的/意图题。
设问形式常有：1．整篇文章的写作目的/意图：(1)The writer writes this passage in order to .(2)The purpose of the text is to .(3)What is the main purpose of the passage?(4)The writer of the story wants to tell us that . 2．某处细节的写作目的/意图：(1)The writer uses...in the first paragraph to .(2)The writer uses the example of...to .(3)The author writes the last paragraph in order to .二、解题技巧1．文体特点推意图(1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开的。
(2)应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。
(3)说明文：写作目的有赖于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。
(4)议论文：提出论点——进行论证——得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。
2．看写作手法找答案(1)在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题有关的其他事物时答案中往往会含有to bring in/to introduce the topic等字眼。
(2)举例或引用某人的话时答案中往往会含有to support/to show... 例如：【真题感悟】中的第46题，文章为说明文，主要介绍了一项新的研究发现——蠕虫可以分解塑料。
因此可以推断该篇文章的写作意图是告诉读者一种新的分解塑料的方法。
【课堂练习】AIn my very first job with some 1archaeologists，I wasn’t digging objects out of the ground，instead I was employed as an artist，drawing what they found.However，I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them and that’s how my career in archaeology started. I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road，the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia，and I also work on some underwater projects too.In archaeology，my all-time hero is an American called Raphael Pumpelly. I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan，a country right in the heart of Asia. To getaround the country，I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people. When I got there I thought，“Wow! I’m one of the first Americans here！” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist，Raphael Pumpelly，who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.Archaeology’s in my family. My wife’s in the same 2profession，and，although our two boys aren’t interested in the future in archaeology themselves，we’ve been on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us. Last summer，we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America，in the high areas of the Andes mountain range. My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast. There’s very little rain and it’s so dry that everything is kept as it was. In an old house，where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in，I picked up a 700-year-old mat in front of the house and there，under it，after all that time，was the house key with the owner’s name carved on it. It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought，“Hey，I do just that. This man’s not much different to me！”语篇解读作者在文章中介绍了自己喜欢做考古学家的原因，并讲述了自己在各地考古的经历和感受。
2020版高考英语二轮新考势突破课件：2-1-2 阅读理解——推理判断题
relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research，Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is
likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help
interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even
which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playground.Then came
my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon
2020届老高考英语二轮对点集训：第二板块 专题一 第二部分 第二讲 推理判断题
[小题夯基练]1．(全国卷Ⅰ，阅读C节选)“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，”Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.It's actually color，and it's actually digital.”Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move，because the way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.Q：What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?A．It will disappear gradually.B．It remains black and white.C．It should keep up with the times.D．It changes every 50 years.解析：C[根据节选第一段Moran说的“...jazz is not black and white anymore.It's actually color，and it's actually digital.”及节选第二段中的“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move，because the way the world works is not the same”可知，他认为世界在变，爵士乐应该与时俱进。
2023年高考英语二轮复习第一部分阅读能力突破篇专题一阅读理解第2讲推理判断题
第一部分 专题一 阅读理解
高考二轮总复习 • 英语 新教材
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该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： 1．It can be inferred/concluded from the text that ________. 2．What can we infer/learn from...? 3．We can learn from the passage that ________. 4．The passage/story...indicates/suggests/implies that ________.
them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(她们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一 起搬进去，并且和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被 子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，覆盖在冰上的雪被泥替代。)”可知，女孩们的生活条 件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D。
第一部分 专题一 阅读理解
高考二轮总复习 • 英语 新教材
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Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”