山东历史学业水平考试
2003年9月英语六级真题PartⅠListening Comprehension(20minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear10short conversations.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what war said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once:After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you maxi read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is,the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A)2hours.B)3hours.C)4hours.D)5hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at9o’clock in the morning and have to finish by2in the afternoon.Therefore,D)"5hours"is the correct answer.You should choose[D]on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer[A][B][C][D]1.A)The lecture for next Monday is cancelled.B)The lecture wasn’t as successful as expected.C)The woman doesn't want to attend the lecture.D)The woman may attend next Monday’s lecture.2.A)The woman has a very tight budget.B)He does not think the fur coat is worth buying.C)He's willing to lend the woman money for the fur coat.D)The woman is not careful enough in planning her spending.3.A)Clean the kitchen.B)Ask someone to fix the sink.C)Find a bigger apartment for the lady.D)Check the work done by the maintenance man.4.A)The lens.C)The flash.B)The price.D)The leather case.5.A)She needs another haircut soon.B)She thinks it worthwhile to try Santerbale’sC)She knows a less expensive place for a haircut.D)She would like to make an appointment for the man.6.A)The woman doesn't want Io cook a meal.B)The woman wants to have a picnic.C)The woman has a poor memory.D)The woman likes Mexican food.7.A)Everyone enjoyed himself at John's panics.B)The woman didn't enjoy John's parties at all.C)It will be the first time for the man to attend John's party.D)The woman is glad to be invited to John’s house-warming party.8.A)She lacks confidence in herself.B)She is not interested in computer programming.C)She has never signed up for any competition before.D)She is sure to win the programming contest.9.A)The man has an enormous amount of work to do.B)The man has made plans for his vacation.C)The man’ll take work with him on his vacation.D)Work stacked up during the man’s last vacation.10.A)She likes the job of feeding fish.B)She finds her new job interesting.C)She feels unfit for her new job.D)She's not in good health.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear3short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions11to13are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A)Rally support for their movement.B)Liberate women from tedious housework.C)Claim their rights to equal job opportunities.D)Express their anger against sex discrimination.12.A)It will bring a lot of trouble to the local people.B)It is a popular form of art.C)It will spoil the natural beauty of their surroundings.D)It is popular among rock stars.13.A)To show that mindless graffiti can provoke violence.B)To show that Londoners have a special liking for graffiti.C)To show that graffiti,in some cases,can constitute a crime.D)To show that graffiti can make the environment more colorful.Passage TwoQuestions14to16are bawd on the passage you have just heard.14.A)The Asian elephant is easier to tame.B)The Asian elephant's skin is more valuable.C)The Asian elephant is less popular with tourists.D)The Asian elephant produces ivory of a better quality.15.A)From the captured or tamed elephants.B)From the British wildlife protection group.C)From elephant hunters in Thailand and Burma.D)From tourists visiting the Thai-Burmese border.16.A)Their taming for circuses and zoos.B)The destruction of their natural homes.C)Man's lack of knowledge about their behavior.D)The greater vulnerability to extinction than other species.Passage ThreeQuestions17to20are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A)They had lost their jobs as a result of the Industrial Revolution.B)They had been suffering from political and religious oppression.C)They wanted to flee from the widespread famine in Northern Europe.D)They wanted to make a fortune there by starting their own businesses.18.A)They might lose control of their members because of the increase in immigration.B)Their members might find it difficult to get along with the newcomers.C)The working condition of their members might deteriorate.D)Their members might lose their jobs to the newcomers.19.A)To impose restrictions on further immigration.B)To improve the working conditions of immigrants.C)To set a minimum wage level for new immigrants.D)To put requirements on languages for newcomers.20.A)They were looked down upon by European immigrants.B)They had a hard time seeking equal job opportunities.C)They worked very hard to earn a decent living.D)They strongly opposed continued immigration.PartⅡReading Comprehension(35minutes)Directions:There are4passages in this part,Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions21to25are based on the following passage.In1985when a Japan Air Lines(JAL)jet crashed,its president,Yasumoto Takagi,called each victim’s family to apologize,and then promptly resigned.And in1987,when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union,the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post.These executive actions,which Toshiba calls“the highest form of apology,”may seem bizarre to US managers.No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash,which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair.The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation.While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority—the responsibility is still theirs.Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management,the Toshiba top executives said they“must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmospherethroughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable,even in an independently run subsidiary.”Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan.School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit,Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways,such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble.Such personal sacrifices,even if they are largely symbolic,help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal(封建的)way of purging(清除)the community of dishonor,”and to some in the United States,such resignations look cowardly.However,in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility,many US managers would probably welcome an infusion(灌输)of the Japanese sense of responsibility,If,for instance,US automobile company executives offered to reduce their own salaries before they asked their workers to take pay cuts,negotiations would probably take on a very different character.21.Why did the chairman of Toshiba resign his position in1987?A)In Japan,the leakage of a slate secret to Russians is a grave came.B)He had been under attack for shifting responsibility to his subordinates.C)In Japan,the chief executive of a corporation is held responsible for the mistake made by its subsidiaries.D)He had been accused of being cowardly towards crises that were taking place in his corporation.22.According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan,you have to________.A)apologize promptly for your subordinates'mistakesB)be skillful in accepting blames from customersC)make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessaryD)create a strong sense of company loyalty23.What’s Professor George Lodge’s attitude towards the resignations of Japanese corporate leaders?A)Sympathetic C)CriticalB)Biased.D)Approving.24.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A)Boeing had nothing to do with the JAL air crash in1985.B)American executives consider authority and responsibility inseparable.C)School principals bear legal responsibility for students'crimes.D)Persuading employees to take pay cuts doesn’t help solve corporate crises.25.The passage is mainly about________.A)resignation as an effective way of dealing with business crisesB)the importance of delegating responsibility to employeesC)ways of evading responsibility in times of crisesD)the difference between two business culturesPassage TwoQuestions26to30are based on the following passage.As machines go,the car is not terribly noisy,nor terribly polluting,nor terribly dangerous; and on all those dimensions it has become better as the century has grown older.The main problem is its prevalence,and the social costs that ensue from the use by everyone of something that would be fairly harmless if,say,only the rich were to use it.It is a price we pay for equality.Before becoming too gloomy,it is worth recalling why the car has been arguably the most successful and popular product of the whole of the past100years—and remains so.The story begins with the environmental improvement it brought in the1900s.In New York city in1900, according to the Car Culture.A1975book by J.Flink,a historian,horses deposited2.5millioo pounds of manure(粪)and60,000gallons of urine(尿)every day.Every year,the city authorities had to remove an average of15,000dead horses from the streets,It made cars smell of roses.Cars were also wonderfully flexible.The main earlier solution to horse pollution and traffic jams was the electric trolley bus(电车).But that required fixed overhead wires,and rails and platforms,which were expensive,ugly,and inflexible,The car could go from any A to any B,and allowed towns to develop in all directions with low-density housing,rather than just being concentrated along the trolley or rail lines.Rural areas benefited too,for they became less remote.However,since pollution became a concern in the1950s,experts have predicted—wrongly—that the car boom was about to end.In his book Mr.Flink argued that by 1973the American market had become saturated,at one car for every2.25people,and so had the markets of Japan and Western Europe(because of land shortages).Environmental worries and diminishing oil reserves would prohibit mass car use anywhere else.He was wrong,Between1970and1990,whereas America’s population grew by23%,the aumber of cars on its roads grew by60%,There is now one car for every1.7people there,one for every2.1in Japan,one for every5.3in Britain.Around550million cars are already on the roads, not to mention all the trucks and mocorcyeles,and about50million new ones are made each year worldwide.Will it go on?Undoubtedly,because people want it to.26.As is given in the first paragraph,the reason why the car has become a problem is that________.A)poor people can’t afford itB)it is too expensive to maintainC)too many people are using itD)it causes too many road accidents27.According to the passage,the car started to gain popularity because________.A)it didn’t break down as easily as a horseB)it had a comparatively pleasant odorC)it caused less pollution than horsesD)it brightened up the gloomy streets28.What impact did the use of cars have on society?A)People were compelled to leave downtown areas.B)People were able to live in less crowded suburban areas.C)Business along trolley and rail lines slackened.D)City streets were free of ugly overhead wires.29.Mr.Flink argued in his book that cars would not be widely used in other countries because________.A)the once booming car market has become saturatedB)traffic jams in those countries are getting more and more seriousC)expensive motorways are not available in less developed countriesD)people worry about pollution and the diminishing oil resources30.What’s wrong with Mr.Flink’s prediction?A)The use of automobiles has kept increasing worldwide.B)New generations of cars are virtually pollution free.C)The population of America has not increased as fast.D)People’s environmental concerns are constantly increasing.Passage ThreeQuestions31to35are based on the following passage.Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society.Tears,be they of sorrow,anger,on joy, typically make Americans feel uncomforuble and embarrassed.The shedder of tears is likely to apologize,even when a devastating(毁灭性的)tragedy was the provocation.The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring.But judging form recent studies of crying behavior,links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears,both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotiomal tears.Since evolution has given rise to few,if any,purposeless physiological responset,it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to clicit assistance form others(as a crying baby might from its mother),the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help.Vocal cries would have been quite enough,more likely than tears to gain attention,So,it appears,there must be something special about tears themselves.Indeed,the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress,University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears.Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to cmotion.Tears shed because of exposure to=cut onion would contain no such substance.Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr.Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse and exposure to medication(药物),to determinewhether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable,to study the causes of“dry eye”syndrome and the effects of eye surgery,and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.At Columbia University Dt.Liasy Faris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to the diagnosis of diseases away from the eyes.Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading the body and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.31.It is known from the first paragraph that________.A)shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to AmericanB)crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedyC)crying usually wins sympathy from other peopleD)one who sheds tears in public will be blamed32.What does“both those responses to tears”(Line6,Para,1)refer to?A)Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.B)The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.C)The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.D)Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.33.“Counterproductive”(Lines6-7,Para,1)very probably means“________”.A)having no effect at allB)leading to tensionC)producing disastrous impactD)harmful to health34.What does the author say about crying?A)It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.B)It must have a role to play in man’s survival.C)It is meant to get attention and assistance.D)It usually produces the desired effect.35.What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?A)Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.B)Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.C)Emotional tears can give rise to“dry eye”syndrome in some cases.D)Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.Passage FourQuestions36to40are based on the following passage.It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard. However,hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker,It is rest that makes you stronger. Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training.This adaptation is accomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the muscle cells. During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stress that you have applied.The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.If sufficient rest is not included in a training program,imbalance between excess training and inadequate rest will occur,and performance will decline.The“overtraining syndrome(综合症)”is the name given to the collection of emotional,behavioral,and physical symptoms due to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months.It is marked by cumulative exhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.The most common symptom is fatigue.This may limit workouts and may be present at rest.The athlete may also become moody,easily imitated,have altered sleep patterns,become depressed,or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport,Some will report decreased appetite and weight loss.Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness,increased frequency of viral (病毒性的)illnesses,and increased incidence of injuries.The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest.The longer the overtraining has occurred,the more rest required,Therefore,early detection is very important,If the overtraining has only occurred for a short period of time(e.g.3-4weeks)then interrupting training for3-5days is usually sufficient rest.It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identified and corrected.Otherwise,the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur.The overtraining syndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigue and whose performance has leveled off or decreased.It is important to exclude any underlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.36.The first paragraph of the passage tells us that________.A)the harder an athlete trains,the better his performance will beB)rest after vigorous training improves an athlete’s performanceC)strict systematic training is essential to an athlete’s top performanceD)improvement of an athlete’s performance occurs in the course of training37.By“overtraining”the author means________.A)a series of physical symptoms that occur after trainingB)undue emphasis on the importance of physical exertionC)training that is not adequately compensated for by restD)training that has exceeded an athlete’s emotional limits38.What does the passage tell us about the“overtraining”syndrome?A)It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.B)It appears right after a hard training session.C)The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.C)It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period.39.What does the phrase“level off”(Line7,Para,4)most probably mean?A)Slow down.B)Become dull.C)Stop improving.D)Be on the decline.40.The author advises at the end of the passage that________.A)overtraining syndrome should be treated as a serious illnessB)overtraining syndrome should be prevented before it occursC)an athlete with overtraining syndrome should take a lengthy restD)illness causing fatigue should not be mistaken for overtraining syndromePartⅢVocabulary(20minutes)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences it:this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Choose cite ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.These were stubborn men.not easily________to change their mind.A)tilted C)persuadedB)converted D)suppressed42.The circus has always been very,popular because it________both the old and the young.A)facilitates C)immersesB)fascinates D)indulges43.By patient questioning the lawyer managed to________enough information from the witnesses.A)evacuate C)impartB)withdraw D)elicit44.George enjoys talking about people's private affairs.He is a________.A)solicitor C)gossipB)coward D)rebel45.The new secretary has written a remarkably________report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.A)concise C)preciseB)brisk D)elaborate46.His face________as he came in after running all the way from school.A)flared C)flutteredB)fluctuated D)flushed47.Steel is not as________as cast iron;it does not break as easily.A)elastic C)adaptableB)brittle D)flexible48.A big problem in lemming English as a foreign language is lack of opportunities for________interaction with proficient speakers of English.A)instantaneous C)verbalB)provocative D)dual49.Within ten years they have tamed the________hill into green woods.A)vacant C)weirdB)barren D)wasteful50.The________of our trip to London was the visit to Buckingham Palace.A)summit C)peakB)height D)highlight51.Harold claimed that he was a serious and well-known artist,but in fact he was a(n)________.A)alien C)counterpartB)client.D)fraud52.We don't________any difficulties in completing the project so long as we keep within our budget.A)foresee C)inferB)fabricate D)inhibit53.He is looking for a job that will give him greater________for career development.A)insight C)momentumB)scope D)phase54.The high school my daughter studies in is________our university.A)linked by C)mingled withB)relevant to D)affiliated with55.The Browns lived in a________and comfortably furnished house in the suburbs.A)spacious C)wideB)sufficient D)wretched56.A membership card________the holder to use the club's facilities for a period of twelve months.A)approves C)rectifiesB)authorizes D)endows57.They have done away with________Latin for university entrance at Harvard.A)influential C)compulsoryB)indispensable D)essential58.It is no________that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.A)coincidence C)inspirationB)correspondence D)intuition59.One's university days often appear happier in________than they actually were at the time.A)retention C)returnB)retrospect D)revere60.She________through the pages of a magazine,not really concentrating on them.A)tumbled C)switchedB)tossed D)flipped61.Scientists are pushing known technologies to their limits in an attempt to________more energy from the earth.A)extract C)dischargeB)inject D)drain62.The Chinese Red Cross________a generous sum to the relief of the victims of the earthquake in Turkey.A)administered C)assessedB)elevated D)contributed63.The first sentence in this paragraph is________;it can be interpreted in many ways.A)intricate C)duplicatedB)ambiguous D)confused64.They used to quarrel a lot,but now they are completely________with each other.A)reconciled C)associatedB)negotiated D)accommodated65.The local business was not much________by the sudden outbreak of the epidemic.A)intervened C)hamperedB)insulated D)hoisted66.The most important________for assessment in this contest is originality of design.A)threshold C)warrantB)partition D)criterion67.The woman was worried about the side effects of taking aspirins.but her doctor________her that it is absolutely harmless.A)retrieved C)reassuredB)released D)revived68.We can't help being________of Bob who bought a luxurious sports car just after the money was stolen from the office.A)skeptical C)suspiciousB)appreciative D)tolerant69.He greatly resented the publication of this book.which he saw as an embarrassing invasion of his________.A)privacy C)dignityB)morality D)secrecy70.In fact as he approached this famous statue,he only barely resisted the________to reach into his bag for his camera.A)impatience C)incentiveB)impulse D)initiativePartⅣError Correction(15minutes)Directions:This part consists of a short passage.In this passage,there are altogether10mis takes, one in each numbered line.You may have to change a word,add a word o delete a word,Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided,If you change a word,cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank,If you add a word,put an insertion mark(^)in the right place and write the missing word in the blank.If you delete a word,cross it out and put a slash(/)in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods.1.time/times/perildMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature as a2.____/____school subject are valid for^study of television.3.__the_____"Home,sweet home"is a phrase that expresses anessential attitude in the United States.Whether the realityof life in the family house is sweet or no sweet.the S1.________cherished ideal of home has great importance for many people.This ideal is a vital part of the American dream.Thisdream,dramatized in the history of nineteenth-centuryEuropean settlers of the American West,was in finda piece of place,build a house for one's family,and S2.________started a farm.These small households were portraits of S3.________ independence:the entire family--mother,father,children.even grandparents--live in a small house and working S4.________together to support each other.Anyone understood the life S5.________and death importance of family cooperation and hard work.Although most people in the United States no longerlive on farms,but~he ideal of home ownership is just as S6.________strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.When U.S,soldiers came home before World War II.for S7.________example,they dreamed of buying houses and startingfamilies.But there was a tremendous boom in home S8.________building.The new houses,typically it the suburbs,wereoften small and more or less identical,but it satisfied S9.________a deep need.Many regarded the single-familyhouse the basis of their way of life.S10.________Part V Writing(30minutes)图表作文，关于一个美国大学图书馆的图书流动量（pop fiction,general nonfiction,science, art等），给出他们的流动比例对比，说明原因，并说明你自己喜欢阅读什么样的书答案：1.D2.D3.B4.B5.C6.A7.B8.A9.A10.C 11.D12.B13.C14.A15.A16.B17.A18.D19.A20.C 21.C22.A23.C24.B25.D26.B27.C28.B29.D30.A 31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A36.B37.C38.D39.C40.D 41.C42.B43.D44.C45.D46.D47.B48.C49.B50.A 51.D52.A53.B54.D55.A56.B57.C58.A59.B60.D 61.A62.D63.B64.A65.C66.D67.C68.C69.A70.B 1.no→not 2.place→land3.started→start4.working→work5.anyone→everyone6.but(去掉)7.before→after8.But→And9.it→they10.在house后增加as。
山东高中历史学业水平考试参考答案
山东高中历史学业水平考试参考答案一、选择题1．A 2． B 3．C 4． D 5． B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B二、非选择题21．(15分)(1)主流民意：认为国民革命是重要的救国方案(1分)：俄国对中国的积极影响已经超过美国(1分)；列宁和孙中山在人民心目中占有重要地位(1分)。
(2)列宁：领导十月革命，推翻了资产阶级临时政府，建立了世界上第一个社会主义国家(1分)；五四前后，李大钊等宣传马列主义(1分)。
孙中山：他领导了辛亥革命，推翻了中国2000多年的封建君主专制制度，创建了亚洲第一个资产阶级共和国，使民主共和的观念深入人心。
(2分)(3)陕甘宁革命根据地(2分)：它是中国当时的革命中心(2分)。
(4)西文事变(2分)；它为国共第二次合作的实现、抗日民族统一战线的建立和全民族抗日局面的最终形成打下了重要的基础(2分)。
22．(15分)(1)①哥伦布②达·伽马③麦哲伦(3分) 影响：新航路的开辟，扩大了世界各地区、各民族之间的经济和文化交往；以欧洲为中心的世界市场开始形成(2分)。
(2)表现：商品、资本、人员和货币在世界范围的流动。
(4分)原因：两次工业革命的推动，国际贸易的发展，人口和资本的流通，武力威逼。
(2分)(3)原因：科学技术的发展，为经济全球化提供了坚实的物质基础和根本的推动力；新型交通和通讯方式为经济全球化提供了基本的技术手段；两极格局的结束也为经济全球化的发展消除了障碍；绝大多数国家实行了市场经济体制。
(4分)23．(15分)(1)提出了“仁政”学说，要求统治者以仁爱之心对待百姓，以德服人，争取民心。
(3分)地位：不受统治者重视。
(2分)(2)大一统(2分) 地位：在政治上占据统治地位；成为传统文化的主流。
(4分)(3)认识：儒家思想维护了君主专制制度，阻碍了民主科学的实现。
山东省济南市202高二历史上学期期中学业水平测试试卷
山东省济南市2024上学期学业水平测试历史学科试题留意事项：1.考试时间 60 分钟，分值 100 分。
2.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、座号填写在相应位置。
3.选择题答案必需运用 2B 铅笔（按填涂样例）正确填涂；非选择题答案必需运用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清晰。
4.请依据题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
保持卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。
第I卷（共45分）一、选择题（本大题共 15 小题，每小题 3 分，共计 45 分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
）1．商朝时商族人认为天命只降于商人，故而常常实行祭祀活动以祈求上天能够恒久保佑商族；后武王伐商，打破了商人天命降于一族的观念，由周天子而不是周人来领受天命，不再斤斤计较于一族小群体的利益得失。
这种改变A．推动仁政治国理念形成B．适应分封制对内外服制度的取代C．促使严格等级秩序建立D．保证了周朝贵族的世袭特权地位2．下图是一位学者依据里耶秦简、岳麓书院藏秦简等梳理出的秦代司法模式图。
这可以证明秦代A．司法必需留意无罪推定B．法律与公徳的融合C．司法审判程序比较严谨D．法家思想深化人心3．《史记》纳“四夷传”（四夷，是古籍对中土以外，四方各族之泛称，即东夷、南蛮、北狄和西戎的合称）于“七十列传”之中，将蛮夷民族史作为内传，视作通史的一个组成部分。
这种族史撰写体例体现了A．史学撰写方式的创新B．家国同构的基本理念C．宗法分封制度的瓦解D．多元一体的心理认同4．南宋遗民郑思肖认为，元朝的儒士处于社会底层，其地位仅高于乞丐；而当代学者张元则认为，元朝的儒士比一般的民众地位要高得多，仅次于贵族与官吏。
造成两人相识不同的主要缘由是A.占有史料的多寡B.探讨者的立场C.生产力发展水平D.社会制度变革5．下表是明朝初期徽州地区地契运用状况表，据此可知，该地区年头契约数契约内容分类运用通货分类卖田卖地卖山其他宝钞银谷物绢布洪武49 12 17 20 1 37 6 5正统54 19 14 17 3 35 7 12成化90 8 37 42 3 90AC．重农抑商政策松动D．对外贸易推动了经济变革6.下图为位于南京的“明代黄册展馆”里的黄册样本。
2024年山东济南初中学业水平考试试卷历史真题(含答案详解)
济南市2024年九年级学业水平考试历史试题本试题共8页，满分100分。
考试用时60分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，用0.5mm黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：本题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1．下图所示文物现存于山东大学博物馆，它是迄今为止殷墟之外唯一发现的商代卜辞。
它出土于济南（）A．大辛庄B．王舍人C．郭店D．龙山2．吕思勉在《中国通史》中写到：“孝公继位之后，用了卫鞅，把全国的人，都驱到‘农战’一途，于是秦国的国势，就骤然强盛起来。
”与此相关的历史事件是（）A．管仲改革B．商鞅变法C．孝文帝改革D．王安石变法3．“郡守，秦官，掌治其郡，秩二千石。
……县令、长，皆秦官，掌治其县。
”班固《汉书》中的这段记载，说明秦朝实行（）A．分封制B．郡县制C．郡国并行制D．行省制4．汉武帝在长安兴办太学，以儒家经典作为教材，培养儒学人才，儒士也进入各级政权机构。
这体现了汉武帝（）A．推恩“削藩”B．盐铁专卖C．尊崇儒术D．北击匈奴5．在美国作家迈克尔·H·哈特撰写的《历史上最有影响的100人》一书中，蔡伦位列第七。
他能够入选的理由是（）A．改进造纸术B．发明了火药C．发明活字印刷术D．制成指南针6．这一时期是中国由分裂走向局部统一的时期，多个政权并立，政局纷乱复杂。
但是各民族间加强了交往、交流与交融，区域的开发尤其是南方经济得到发展。
这些都为新的统一局面的出现奠定了基础。
“这一时期”是（）A．夏商周时期B．秦汉时期C．三国两晋南北朝时期D．隋唐时期7．在北宋枢密院存在的167年中，枢密院正职共73人。
2024届山东省烟台市、菏泽市高三上学期期末学业水平诊断历史试题(含答案)
烟台市、菏泽市2024届高三上学期期末学业水平诊断历史试题2024．1说明：本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
选择题的答案涂在答题卡相应位置上，非选择题答案直接写在答题卡上。
考试结束后，只交答题卡。
一、选择题：本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共计45分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
1．西周时期，每当国家发生灾情后，统治者就下令：“国凶札（五谷歉收，疾疫流行），则无关门之征（征税）”“国凶荒札丧，则市无征而作布（铸造钱币）”以及“几天患，禁贵卖者，使有恒贾”。
这反映出当时的统治者A．意识到商品流通对赈济灾荒的重要性B．规范市场管理以防止商品流通无序化C．加强财物积蓄应对突发性的自然灾害D．重视商品经济以促进正常的资源流动2．《商君书·境内》说：秦国“四境之内，丈夫女子皆有名于上”，无论男女老少，都要登记在册，一旦死亡就要从名册上除名；云梦秦简中的《秦律·田律》也记载，“入顷刍橐，以其受（授）田之数，无垦不垦，顷入刍三石、橐二石”。
这反映出当时秦国A．田地私人占有相当罕见’B．人口控制十分严格C．百姓兵役负担尤为沉重D．国家统治能力加强3．朱熹认为，儒家经典《仪礼》“不是古人预作一书如此，初间只是以义起，渐渐相袭……圣人见此意思好，故录成书”。
进而又讲：“礼时为大，使圣贤有作，必不一切从古之礼，疑只是以古礼减杀（减省）从今世俗之礼。
”朱熹意在A．追求儒家伦理规范的适用性B．否定传统礼仪道德的正当性C．推动社会道德伦理的个性化D．顺应市民社会生活的世俗化4．在中国古代社会，“人丁”系制度性词汇，具有社会和自然的双重属性。
表1是清代部分时期“人丁”一词在《清实录》中出现次数的统计。
据此可以推知表1A．社会结构出现根本变革B．传统经济内部萌发的新因素受益C．自然经济解体步伐加速D．人地矛盾激化推动土地制度变革5．1866年，福州船政学堂第一届招生试题是“大孝终身慕父母论”，少年严复应试，名列第一，被派往英国留学。
原卷版2024年山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试历史试卷(二)
2024年山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试历史试卷（二）一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题 3分，共 45分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.有学者研究，西周时期的炬伯用十块田换取裘卫价值八十朋的谨璋（一种玉器）是属于宗族之间的土地交换行为，而不属于以土地私有为条件的商品买卖。
你认为该研究（）A.有道理，反映了西周井田制走向瓦解B.有道理，符合当时的土地所有制现象C.无道理，体现不出当时中国社会的变化D.无道理，该学者研究历史问题以偏概全2．根据汉朝户籍制度的要求，每年八月都要举行户口调查，各地须“案户比民”，百姓无论老幼都得到县城集合，接受官吏的查验，以“阅其貌以验老小之实”。
这一举措的根本目的（）A.为政府征派赋役而服务B.为稳定社会治安而考虑C.完善“编户齐民”制度D.以利于郡国并行制实施3．下图为我国古代北方边疆少数民族建立的政权与中原内地关系的三种模式。
据此可得出我国古代民族关系（）模式一模式二模式三A．对抗与战争是模式一下民族关系的主要特色B．模式二下的少数民族入主中原带来的是侵略C．模式三下阻碍统一多民族国家的巩固与加强D．三种模式下民族之间经济文化交流交融不断4．清朝前期之所以这样做，其根本解释是（）A.天朝上国的社会心理因素 B．闭关锁国的落后外交政策C.农耕经济的保守、封闭性 D．清政府对国际形势的误判5.“蚕事乍毕丝事起，乡农卖丝争赴市。
小贾收买交大贾，大贾载入申江（上海）界……番舶来银百万计，中国商人皆若狂。
今年买经更陆续，农人纺经十之六。
遂使家家置纺车，无复有心种菽粟”。
上述诗作表明（）A．近代中国完成社会转型 B．自然经济被动解体C．国际资本控制了中国 D．经济形态发生变动6．戊戌变法前后，因日源词“领土”的输入，国人开始零星地运用这一新概念；自1905年起，该词不仅为大量新式知识分子所运用，而且见诸官方文书；辛亥革命前夕，“领土”更是取代“版图”成为中国最为核心的疆土概念。
2024年山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试历史试卷
2024年山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试改编试题注意事项1.答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.在山西的陶寺遗址挖掘中发现，其中大型墓随葬品丰富、精致，有鼍鼓、特磬等重要礼器；而占墓葬总数将近90%的小型墓，墓室仅能容身，死者身无长物。
由此可知，陶寺文化时期（）A．音乐演奏技艺高 B．私有制已经形成C．已出现早期国家 D．宗法制开始萌芽B 本题考查古代文明的发展。
从随葬品和墓葬规格判断，陶寺遗址在墓葬随葬品方面存在明显的贫富不均现象，这说明陶寺文化时期私有制已经形成，故选B项；仅凭出土乐器不能说明音乐演奏技艺的高低，故排除A项；材料信息没有涉及有关阶级统治的暴力机关，故排除C 项；材料信息没有涉及陶寺文化时期具体的宗法继承关系，故排除D项。
2.汉初承用秦制，御史大夫既为副丞相，又是监察长官。
西汉后期至东汉，御史大夫转为三公之一，御史中丞不再履行相应的行政职责成为独立的最高监察长官。
这一变化有利于A.监察官员越来越专职化B.监察官员的职能被异化C.强化封建君主专制集权D.加强中央对地方的控制C 本题考查汉承秦制。
根据材料汉初御史大夫既为副丞相，又是监察长官；西汉后期至东汉，御史大夫转为三公之一，御史中丞不再履行相应的行政职责成为独立的最高监察长官，可知中央监察机关由依附于丞相发展至独立的监察机构，监察官员成为独立的监察官员，这一变化削弱了相权，加强了皇权，故C项正确；监察官员越来越专职化是这一变化的表现而非影响，排除A项；监察官员的监察职能并没有被异化，排除B项；材料没有涉及中央与地方的关系，排除D项。
山东高中历史学业水平考试及参考答案
山东高中历史学业水平考试第1卷选择题(共40分)一、选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)1．观察下表，按照西周宗法制的规定，有资格继承王位的是2．一次考古中发掘出古代刻石一方，上有纪文：“追念乱世，分土建邦……乃今皇帝，一家天下，兵不复起。
”据此判断，这块刻石最早应出自A．西周B．秦代Ｃ．汉代D．元代3．你看过《宰相刘罗锅》吗?号称“贪污之王”的军机大臣和珅一定给你留下了深刻印象，军机处设置于A．顺治时期B．康熙时期C．雍正时期D．乾隆时期4．第二次世界大战期间，英国首相邱吉尔对美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福说：“总统先生……我从不为议会所困扰，但我事事都得与我的内阁商量并获得内阁的支持。
”这段话主要反映了英国政治体制的哪一方面A．君主立宪制B．代议制民主C．两党制D．责任内阁制5．美国总统既是国家元首，又是政府首脑，还是军队的总司令。
但美国前总统克林顿却因“莱温斯基”事件险些被国会弹劾。
这体现了美国政体的哪一重要原则A．中央集权制B．分权制衡Ｃ．两党制D．联邦制6．英国历史学家约翰·索利说：“如今有个趋势，人民怀念她的民主制度，并将其视为所有现代民主制度的源头。
”这里的“她”是指A．斯巴达B．雅典C．罗马共和国D．罗马帝国7．“春愁难遣强看山，往事惊心泪欲潸。
四百万人同一哭，去年今日割台湾”。
这首诗反映的历史史实发生在下列哪一事件之后A．鸦片战争B．第二次鸦片战争C．甲午战争D．八国联军侵华8．某中学进行学生爱国主义教育，放映了一部电影，其中有这样一组镜头：青年学生高呼着“废除二十一条”“拒绝在和约上签字”等口号在街头进行示威。
请你推测影片中学生斗争的主要对象应是A．清政府B．北洋军阀政府C．国民党反动派D．美帝国主义9．《中国房地产报》最近刊登的某市123户居民因采光问题，将该市规划局和开发商告上法庭一案，近日经人民法院一审判决，居民胜诉。
山东省2023年7月普通高中学业水平考试历史试卷
山东省2023年7月普通高中学业水平考
试历史试卷
一、选择题（共60分）
1. 以下哪位在中国古代历史上被称为“太祖”？
A. 刘备
B. 朱元璋
C. 杨坚
D. 秦始皇
答案：B
2. 以下哪位皇帝开启了中国的辟谷运动？
A. 乾隆皇帝
B. 康熙皇帝
C. 雍正皇帝
D. 乾德皇帝
答案：C
（题目继续......）
二、简答题（共40分）
1. 请简要描述秦始皇统一六国后的主要政策和措施。
答案：秦始皇统一六国后，实行了一系列中央集权的政策和措施。
他实行了郡县制，统一了度量衡和文字，修建了连接北方和南方的万里长城，以及修筑了兵马俑。
此外，他还采取了严控诸侯的措施，削弱了地方诸侯的势力，加强了君主的统治。
2. 简述中国古代丝绸之路的作用和意义。
答案：中国古代丝绸之路是一个重要的贸易通道和文化交流的桥梁。
通过丝绸之路，中国与西方国家进行了广泛的商业往来，带来了经济繁荣和文化交流。
丝绸之路也促进了东西方文明的交流和互鉴，推动了科技、艺术、宗教等方面的发展。
丝绸之路的开通，对于世界各国的文明和发展都有重要的影响。
（题目继续......）
三、分析题（共30分）
请你分析中国历史上著名的“五四运动”的影响与意义。
（请在下方写出你的分析）。
2024年山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试历史试卷(五)
2024年山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试历史试卷（五）一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题 3分，共 45分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.黄河中游地区的仰韶文化在发展过程中曾不断地向周围地区施加影响，在至距今5300年前后，其影响所及已南达长江中游，北抵河套地区，东到黄河下游，西至黄河上游地区。
这表明A.以中原为中心的文化圈出现B.中国早期文明出现多个中心C.早期文明在交流中相互发展D.仰韶文化不同于河姆渡文化A 题干材料表述的是仰韶文化不断影响了周边地区，表明的是以黄河中游为中心的文化圈已经形成，故选A项；题干说的是仰韶文化对周边地区的影响，并非是多个文化中心，排除B 项；材料强调的是中原对周边的影响，并非相互影响，排除C项；材料并没有对仰韶文化与河姆渡文化进行比较，排除D项。
2.云梦睡虎地秦墓竹简中的《法律答问》是我国法律解释学史上的开山之作。
其中对一条律文解释如下：如果私自移动田界（“盗徙封”），就要判处“耐”刑（剃去鬓发，表示犯罪）。
从该解释中可以判定A.秦律以法家的性恶论为思想基础B.秦律保护封建的地主土地私有制C.秦朝统治的色彩是奉行严刑峻法D.《法律答问》的解释具有阶级性B 《法律答问》对“盗徙封”解释为私自移动田界，对“耐”刑解释为剃去鬓发，表示犯罪，这充分表明秦律是维护封建地主土地所有制的，故B项正确；题干不是为了说明秦律的思想基础，A项跑偏题干主旨，排除A项；仅仅从一条律文是无法判断秦朝严刑峻法的，排除C项；《法律答问》对律文的解释是客观的，题干并非强调其阶级性色彩，排除D项。
3.唐中宗不经中书、门下而自己封拜官职时，因自感心怯和难为情，故他装置诏敕的封袋，不敢照常式封发，而改用斜封，所书“敕”字，也不敢用朱笔，而改用墨笔，当时成为“斜封墨敕”，此途径所封官员时人称为“斜封官”。
这说明A.唐代三省六部制形同虚设B.三省六部制对皇权有约束C.“斜封官”不具有权威性D.唐中宗破坏了三省六部制B 从唐中宗自感心怯和难为情和“斜封墨敕”来看，三省六部制对皇帝的行为是具有约束性的，故B项正确；并不能因为唐中宗的“斜封墨敕”就否定三省六部制，排除A项；“斜封官”的地位如何不是题干要说明的，排除C项；在“斜封墨敕”现象下，三省六部制依然发挥其制度性作用，不能说遭到破坏，排除D项。
山东济南天桥区2024—2025学年八年级历史第一学期期中考试试题(含答案)
2024~2025学年第一学期八年级历史期中学业水平测试试题（满分100分时间60分钟）一.选择题（共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个最符合题目要求，请将正确选项涂到答题卡上）1."苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之"，林则徐的这一联诗句饱含着"报国情怀"。
能充分体现林则徐"报国情怀"的事件是（）A.虎门销烟B.三元里抗英C.收复新疆D.黄海海战2.这场战争后，中国国门洞开，领土开始被割裂，独立主权的完整性遭到破坏，自给自足的自然经济遭到破坏，社会性质和发展方向开始改变。
这场"战争"指的是( )A.鸦片战争B.第二次鸦片战争C.甲午中日战争D.八国联军侵华战争3.第二次鸦片战争期间，俄国趁火打劫，攫取的利益更超乎英法之上，俄国攫取的利益主要是（）主要是( )A.侵占大片领土B.索要巨额赔款C.增开通商口岸D.获得领事裁判权4.某校学生在表演近代中国历史剧时，有这样的旁白："有一天，两个来自欧洲的强盗闯进了夏宫，一个强盗洗劫财物，另一个强盗放火。
"该历史剧揭露的罪行是( )A.八国联军侵华B.英国发动鸦片战争C.英法联军火烧圆明园D.沙俄侵占中国北方大片领土5.如图为北京天安门广场人民英雄纪念碑上的金田起义浮，这是为了纪念( )A.三元里人民抗英B.义和团运动C.太平天国运动D.黄花岗起义6.历史学家范文澜说："农民阶级消极方面的狭隘性、保守性、私有性……正是这些特性的反映，也决定了太平天国的必然崩溃。
"范文澜分析的是太平天国运动的( )A.影响B.爆发背景C.性质D.失败原因7."佐圣主东戡闽越，西定回疆，天恩最重武乡侯，前后逾三十年，实同是鞠躬尽瘁；维贤臣生并湖湘，位兼将相，……"这副挽联称颂的是( )A.林则徐B.左宗棠C.曾国藩D.邓世昌8.有学者认为："晚清中国的自强运动既没有发展为一个政治和经济制度的近代化运动，也没有达到文化思想层次，而是仍停留在物质的、技术的层次。