中英翻译对比
英汉语言对比与翻译
“It is the meaning of a message that is transferred from one language to another, and the transfer is accomplished by analyzing and then reconstructing semantic relationships.”1 “Translation can therefore be defined as the operation by which the relevant signification of linguistic signs is determined through reference to a meaning as formulated in a message, which is then fully reconstructed in the signs of another language.”2 1、2. Delisle, J. Translation: An Interpretive Approach[M]. Eng. trans, by Logan. P & Creery. M., Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 1980: 3；52
翻译中英汉语言对比的重要意义 Nhomakorabea就保留原文句法与译文体现原作精神的问题，傅雷也有精辟的论述:“假如破坏本国文字的结构与特性，就能传达异国文字的特性而获得原作的精神，那么翻译真是太容易了。不幸那种理论非但是刻船求剑，而且结果是削足就履，两败俱伤。” 1
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怒安. 傅雷谈翻译[M]. 沈阳：辽宁教育出版社2005:2
关于英汉语言的比喻
陈安定：英语句子好比“一串珍珠”，而汉语句子则像“一盘大小各异的珍珠，散落玉盘，闪闪发光，灿烂夺目。”1
Lesson7课文原文及翻译点(中英文对照版)冀教版八年级英语下册
冀教版英语八班级下册课文原文及翻译中英对比版Lesson 7Lesson 7 Planting Trees第7课种树It's March 12.今日是三月十二日。
Li Ming and his classmates are on a hillside.李明和同学们在山坡上。
They are planting trees as a school project.他们在进行学校的一个工程——种树。
A worker is there helping them.一位工人在那儿关心他们。
Excuse me, sir.打搅了，先生。
We are digging a hole.我们在挖洞。
Is it big enough?这个洞大小够了吗？Maybe you should make the hole a little bigger.你还需要把洞再挖大一点。
It must be large enough to hold the roots of the seedling.它必需足够大，能盖得住幼苗的根部。
I see. Thank you.我知道了。
感谢你。
Now, put the seedling inside,cover the roots and fill the hole with dirt.现在，把幼苗放进去，用土把根部盖住，把洞填满。
Then pack the dirt around the new tree with your feet.然后用脚把树四周的土压实点。
OK.By the way,there is another group of people down the hill.好的。
顺便问一下，山脚下有一组人。
Are they also ing to plant trees?他们也是来种树的吗？Yes.Many people are worried because the environment is changing,and they want to do something to help.是的。
外文翻译中英文对照
Strengths优势All these private sector banks hold strong position on CRM part, they have professional, dedicated and well-trained employees.所以这些私人银行在客户管理部分都持支持态度，他们拥有专业的、细致的、训练有素的员工。
Private sector banks offer a wide range of banking and financial products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels such as ATMs, Internet-banking, mobile-banking, etc. 私有银行通过许多传递通道（如自动取款机、网上银行、手机银行等）提供大范围的银行和金融产品、金融服务进行合作并向客户零售。
The area could be Investment management banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management, retail loans such as home loans, personal loans, educational loans, car loans, consumer durable loans, credit cards, etc. 涉及的领域包括投资管理银行、生命和非生命保险、风险投资与资产管理、零售贷款（如家庭贷款、个人贷款、教育贷款、汽车贷款、耐用消费品贷款、信用卡等）。
Private sector banks focus on customization of products that are designed to meet the specific needs of customers. 私人银行主要致力于为一些特殊需求的客户进行设计和产品定制。
中英语言翻译对比
主观与客观 I. 逻辑对比
动态与静态
具体与抽象 肯定与否定
含蓄与直率
词性 时态 句子结构 语序
II. 意合与形合对比
翻译离不开逻辑。逻辑可以帮助人们正确理解原文并根据理解获得 一个概念或意向，从而恰当地运用译文语言来表达这一意向或概念。
中英的逻辑差异体现在很多方面，以下是几种典型差异：
式手段），包括句法手段（syntactic devices）或词汇手段 （lexical devices）等。
词性
汉语中多用动词，英语中用名词、形容词、副词等表达动作状态。
Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening-up policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. （n.--v.） 由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。 You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying. 你完全不懂你在婚姻方面承担的责任。(adj,--v.)
I’m all for your opinion. （prep.--v.） 我完全赞成你的意见。
She opened the window to let fresh air in. (adv.--v. ) 她打把”字句、‘‘被”字句等常用主动语态，表达相同意 思时，英语中常用被动语态表达。 As regards his character, nothing ill is spoken. 关于他的人格，没有人说不好的。 去年又盖了一栋房子。 Another house was built last year. 今天下午学射击。 Shooting will be the drilling item for this afternoon. 历史是人民创造的。
中英语言翻译对比
句子结构
汉语强调意合，多短句而结构简单；英语强调形合，多长句而结构复杂。
Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States. 同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。 Association with the good can only produce well, with the wicked, evil. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 吃苦在前，享乐在后。 Be the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts. 在解决环境问题时，不仅要考虑各国的眼前利益，还要考虑全世界的长远 利益。 When we tackle environment problems, consideration should be given to both the immediate interests of various countries and the long-term interests of the whole world.
In line with latest trends in fashion, a few dress designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.
肯定与否定
汉英逻辑思维差异的另一个方面体现在话语表达时肯定与否定的运用。
Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 今天下午，学生统统要交书面作业。
中英的逻辑差异体现在很多方面，以下是几种典型差异：
中英文对照翻译文章
中英文对照翻译文章不少英文文章都是带有翻译的，为的就是方便读者在不理解文章的时候能够找到对照的意思。
下面就是店铺给大家整理的中英文对照翻译文章，希望大家喜欢。
中英文对照翻译文章篇1：A Sailor's Christmas Gift一个水手的圣诞礼物William J·Lederer威廉·J·莱德勒Last year at Christmas time my wife，three boys，and I were in France，on our way from Paristo Nice.For five wretched days ererything had gone wrong.Our hotels were“touristtraps”;our rented car broke down;we were all restless and irritable in the crowded car.OnChristmas Eve，when we checked into a dingy hotel in Nice，there was no Christmas spirit inour hearts.去年，在圣诞节期间，我和我的妻子以及我们的三个孩子，从法国踏上由巴黎到尼斯的旅途。
由于接连五天的恶劣天气，旅途上一切很不顺心。
我们下榻的旅馆尽是些敲诈勒索旅客的“陷阱”;我们租用的那辆汽车老是发生故障，在拥挤不堪的车子上大家个个显得烦躁不安。
圣诞节前夕，我们住进了尼斯的一家旅店，这家旅店又脏又暗，我们打心眼里感觉不到丝毫的节日气氛。
It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.We found a drab littlejoint shoddily decoratedfor the holiday.It smelled greasy.Only five tables in the restaurant were occupied.Therewere two German couples，two French families，and an American sailor，by himself.In thecorner a piano player listlessly played Christmas music.我们外出就餐时，天正下着小雨，天气寒冷。
中英对照翻译资料
burn mark black spot sticking weld flash
alarm safety gate emergency stop color change purge material resin thermal heat up air shot try mold release mold release agent rust preventatives
英语
injection moldier machine
toke-out robot dryer hopper dryer crushing mill
gas injection \AGI machine
中国语
注塑机
机械手.产品取 出机 干燥机 料斗干燥机 粉碎机
吹气成形.气辅 成形 机械 机器
英语crystalli源自e polymersurface grinder grinding drilling
平面磨床 钻床
flash damage cracking jetting deform warping bend torsion uecnceevnetnricowloarll thickness boid cell stripes
dirty flaking tear off float screw damage shortage
中国语 程序控制
英语 over packing
工艺.工序.过程
注塑工艺程序控制装 置
注塑程序控制装 置
冷料井
冷料.旱凝料 冷凝
液压.油压
液压顶出.液压脱 模
液压泵
液压马达
空压机(空气压缩 机)
中英对照翻译
High-heels raise the heel of the wearer’s foot significantly higher than the toes.
高跟鞋垫高了穿鞋者的脚部，使得脚跟远远高于脚趾。
They tend to give the aesthetic illusion of longer and more slender legs.
高跟鞋往往给人一种审美错觉，觉得腿变得更长更细了。
They make a statement for women that no other article of clothing does in the same way.
我们可以在里面洗泡泡澡，并且滴几滴精油泡几个小时好好放松放松。不用担心高跟鞋会伤了我们的脚。
If you bathroom are big enough, the best-selling high-heal bathtub will be your best choice!
如果你的浴缸足够大，这款超级畅销的高跟鞋浴缸将是您最好的选择！
The heels come in a wide variety of styles and are found in many different shapes, including stiletto, pump, block, taper, blade, and wedge.
现在的鞋子风格各异，形状不同，包括短剑、泵、块、锥形、刀片和楔子。
3. High-heels can cause permanent damage to the feet and tendons if worn excessively for a long period of time.
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中英翻译对比
1、I don’t know that you love me.我不知道你爱不爱我。
2、I didn’t marry her because I love her.我并不是因为爱她才和她结婚的。
（老师这两个句式是一样的吗？？？？）
分析：汉语句子的否定只针对一个陈述，而英语的否定可以包括整个句子外加其附属成分，附属成分才是句子翻译的关键。
3、What some people do know what not to do.一些人知道自己该做什么不该做什么。
分析：将主语放在特殊疑问代词之后，其实是整个句子的主语成分，管着整个句子。
4、Some of us know what we want to do from a young age.有些人从很小起就知道自己想要做什么。
分析：疑问代词位于动词之后做动词的宾语，同时又是宾语从句的主语，from a young age是补充成分。
5、It is important for us to study hard.对我们来说，努力学习是很重要的。
6、Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work,but it also gave me insights into another culture.学习另一门语言不仅教会我努力学习的价值观，而且让我开拓了眼界，了解了另一种文化。
分析：英语倒装句和古代汉语有些地方贯通，但现代汉语多数是主谓宾翻译。
7、How old are you?你多大了？
分析：英语的习惯用法，不能直译成汉语，意思完全不同。
8、If he is my friend,thing will be different.既然他是我的朋友，那情况就不一样了。
分析：这是抽象的思维方式下翻译的句子，is和will be不是虚拟的时态，所以不是直译的方式来翻译，这是英语语法的讲究。
9、The song sounds sweet.这歌很好听。
分析：sounds sweet的联合翻译。
是适应中文的翻译。