医学博士英语2012听力原文
医学博士英语考试听力模拟试题及答案
医学博士英语考试听力模拟试题及答案2017年医学博士英语考试听力模拟试题及答案PAPER ONEPart ⅠlisteningSection ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen shortconversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you willhear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. Afteryou hear the question, read the four possible answer marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example:Youwill hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite allday.Question: What’s the matter with the woman?Youwill read:A.She is sick.B.She was bitten by an ant.C.She is hungry.D.She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B D1.A. Hedoesn’t like histology.B. He can’t afford the book.C.The textbook is very difficult.D. He is the manager of thebookstore.2. A. Heis selling insurance.B. He is making an offer.C. Heis giving a suggestion.D. He is inquiring.3. A. Treatthe patient with the best medicine.B. Let the patient recover by herself.C. Treatthe patient’s symptoms only.D. Ask the patient to do what she istold.4. A. Theroof of the woman’s house needs to be repair ed.B. Theroof of the man’s house has several bad leaks.C. Thewoman’s bathroom was badly damaged.D. Theman works for a roofing company.5. A. Whoto vote for based on their records in senate.B. Thehistory of America.C. Theirobjections to socialized medicine.D. Theirdifficulties in recent years in insurance.6. A. Examine. B. Operate.C.Find out.D. Figure out.7. A. WestVirginia has many unexplored areas.B.Andy would probably be a good person to ask.C. Thecampers should try to get a lot of information.D.Andy will help if he’s there this summer.8. A. Heshouldn’t cry whenever the baby cries.B. Hecan’t put the baby’s toy into pieces.C. Hecan’t have pieces of cakes every time.D. Heshouldn’t be so nervous whenever the baby cries.9. A. Shepartially agrees with the man.B. Shecompletely agrees with the man.C. Shedoesn’t agree with the man.D. Shethinks life’s worse for the young people.10. A. Heis a dance coach. B. He is a patient.C. Heis a surgeon.D. He is aphysiotherapist.11. A. Thewoman wants an office with a better view.B. Theriver can be seen from both office.C. Thewoman’s office has two windows.D. Theyhave to cross the river every day.12. A. Hedoesn’t know how to turn the calculator on.B. Helost the woman’s calculator.C. Hebroke something the woman lent him.D. Hecan’t help the woman tonight.13. A. Finishthe first half of the project right away.B. Makean effort to reach a compromise.C. Havethe teacher review the project.D. Meethis partner in the middle of the town.14. A. Agood presentation needs a lot of preparation.B. Thepresentation was very good.C. Hecan always turn to her for help.D. Heshould get some sleep.15. A. Compareher own papers to others.B. Watch out for the usual typingmistakes.C. Havesomeone else type her papers.D. Ask another person to check her work.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one dialogueand two passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After eachquestion, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C andD. Choose the bestanswer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.For example: A B DDialogue16. A. Thefeeding habits of spiders.B. A new discovery about spiders.C. Typesof spiders.D. The different kinds of spider’s webs.17. A. Length. B. Width.C. Adhesion.D. Complexity.18. A. Poisoning. B. Providing warmth.C. Catchingbranches.D. Protecting eggs.19. A. Theywere so complex.B. Theyall seemed the same to me.C. Somebad adhesive qualities and others not.D. Theyneeded so many different silks.20. A. Shewas glad she missed it.B. Shethought it sounded strange.C. Shewanted to see the show.D. Shewas surprised that the man was interested.Passage One21. A. Astudent in health services.B. A drug abuse lecturer.C. Adermatologist.D. A representative ofthe tobacco industry.22. A. Howto reduce nicotine and other addictions.B. Howstress affects the skin.C. Theeffects of alcohol on health.D. Howto achieve optimal health.23. A. Alcohol. B. Nicotine.C. Caffeine.D. A reduced supplyof blood.24. A. Itincreases the flow of blood to the skin.B. Itcauses increased consumption of alcohol.C. Itprevents the skin from receiving enough nourishment.D. Itcauses stress.25. A. Caffeine. B. Nicotine.C. Alcohol.D. Warmth of thebody.Passage Two26. A. Onemust miss one meal a day.B. Mostpeople should skip breakfast.C. Toskip one meal a day is no good for one’s health.D. Breakfastis most important in working day.27. A. Theywere all adults.B. They were males ofdifferent ages.C. Theyincluded teenagers and grown-ups.D. They were mostly young people under28. A. Differentkinds of breakfast.B. Very good breakfasts.C. Adequatebreakfasts.D. All kinds of meals.29. A. Whenthey had skipped breakfast.B. Whenthey had had breakfast.C. Whenthey had eaten particular breakfasts.D. Whenthey had had all three meals.30. A. Skippingbreakfast will not help one lose weight.B. Ifyou skip breakfast, you won’t eat much for lunch either.C. Skippingbreakfast does a lot of harm.D. Skippingbreakfast will gain weight.。
医学博士外语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
医学博士外语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：W: How is Bill? I heard that he’ s got his ankle hurt severely. M: Well, that jolly fellow is in good shape now.Q: What do we learn about Bill from this conversation?1．A．He has hurt his uncle severely.B．He benefits a lot from doing exercises.C．He is very happy to have a better figure now.D．He is in good health now.正确答案：D解析：文中指出Bill脚踝受伤了，但现在已经in good shape即“处于良好的健康状况”，故D项正确。
听力原文：M: What kind of father am I? My only son almost died and I didn’ t even know he was ill.W: Don’ t blame yourself. You are too busy to pay attention to him. If his mother were still alive, things would have been much better. Q: Why does the man blame himself?2．A．His only son is dying.B．His mother died some years ago.C．He didn’ t look after his sick wife.D．He hasn’ t taken good care of his son.正确答案：D解析：从男子的话“I didn’t even know he was ill”可以看出他为没有照看好儿子而自责，故D项正确。
2012听力原文
2012听力原文1.W: Did you hear that Anna needs to stay in bed for 4 weeks?M: Yeah. She injured her spine in a fall and a doctor told her to lie flat on her back for a month so it can mend.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?12.M: A famous Russian ballet is coming to town next weekend. But I can’t find a ticket anywhere.W: Don’t be upset. My sister just happened to have one and she can’t go since she has got some sort of conflict in her schedule.Q: What does the woman mean?13.W: Hello, my bathroo m drain is blocked and I’m giving a party tonight. Do you think you could come and fix it for me?M: Sorry, ma’am. I’m pretty busy right now. But I can put you on my list.Q: What does the man mean?14.W: We’re taking up a collection to buy a gift for Jemma. She’ll have been with the company 25 years next week.M: Well, count me in. But I’m a bit short on cash now. When do you need it?Q: What is the man going to do?15.W: Tony’s mother has invited me to dinner. Do you think I should tell her in advance tha t I’m a vegetarian?M: Of course. I think she’d appreciate it. Imaging how you both feel if she fixed the turkey dinner or something.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?16.M: Just look at this newspaper, nothing but robbery, suicide and murder. Do you still believe people are basically good?W: Of course. But many papers lack interest in reporting something positive like peace, love and generosity.Q: What are the speakers talking about?17.M: I can’t believe so many people want to sign up for the K orea Development Conference.We will have to limit the registration.W: Yeah, otherwise we won’t have room for the more.Q: What are the speakers going to do?18.W: Hi, I’m calling about the ad for the one bedroom apartment.M: Perfect timing! The person who was supposed to rent it just backed town to take a room on campus.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Part III Listening ComprehensionConversation 1W: One of the most interesting experiments with dolphins must be one done by Doctor Jarvis Bastian. What he tried to do was to teach a male dolphin called Bass and a female called Doris to communicate with each other across a solid barrier.M: So how did he do it exactly?W: Well, first of all, he kept the two dolphins together in the same tank and taught them to press levers whenever they saw a light. The levers were fitted to the side of the tank next to each other. If the light flashed on and off several times, the dolphins were supposed to press the left-hand lever followed by the right-hand one. If the light was kept steady, the dolphins were supposed to press the levers in reverse order. Whenever they responded correctly, they were rewarded with fish.M: Sounds terribly complicated.W: Well, that was the first stage. In the second stage, Doctor Bastian separated the dolphins into two tanks. They could still hear one another, but they couldn’t actually see each other. The levers and light were set up in exactly the same way except that this time it was only Doris who could see the light indicating which lever to press first. But in order to get their fish, both dolphins had to press the levers in the correct order. This meant of course that Doris had to tell Bass whether it was a flashing light or whether it was a steady light.M: So did it work?W: Well, amazingly enough, the dolphins achieved a 100 % success rate.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q19. What is the purpose of Doctor Jarvis Bastian’s experiment?Q20. What were the dolphins supposed to do when they saw a steady light?Q21. How did the second stage of the experiment differ from the first stage?Conversation 2W: This week’s program Up Your Street takes you to Harrogate, a small town in Yorkshire. Harrogate became a fashionable resort during Victorian times, when people came to take a bath in the mineral waters. Today, few people come to visit the town for its mineral waters. Instead, Harrogate has become a popular town for people to retire to. Its clean air, attractive parks, and the absence of any industry, make this an ideal spot for people looking for a quiet life. Now, to tell us more about Harrogate, I have with me Tom Percival, President of the Chamber of Commerce. Tom, one of the things visitor notices about Harrogate is the large area of open park land right down into the middle of the town. Can you tell us more about it?M: Yes, certainly. The area is called the Stray.W: Why the Stray?M: It’s called that because in the old days, people let their cattles stray on the area, which was common land.W: Oh, I see.M: Then, we’ve changes in farming and in land ownership. The Stray became part of the land owned by Harrogate.W: And is it protected?M: Oh, yes, indeed. As a special law, no one can build anything on the stray. It’s protected forever.W: So it will always be park land?M: That’s right. As you can see, some of the Stray is used for sports fields.W: I believe it looks lovely in the spring.M: Yes, it does. There’re spring flowers on the old trees, and people visit the town just to see the flowers.Question 22-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q22. Where does this conversation most probably take place?Q23. What do we learn about modern Harrogate?Q24. What does the man say about the area called the Stray?Q25. What attracts people most in the Stray during the spring time?About 700,000 children in Mexico dropped out of school last year as recession-stricken families pushed kids to work, and a weak economic recovery will allow only slight improvement in the drop-out rate in 2010, a top education official said.Mexico's economy suffered more than any other in Latin America last year, shrinking an estimated 7 percent due to a plunge in U.S. demand for Mexican exports such as cars.The decline led to a 4 percent increase in the number of kids who left primary or middle school in 2009, said Juan de Dios Castro, who heads the nation's adult education program and keeps a close watch on drop-out rates."Poverty rose and that is a factor that makes our job more difficult," Castro told Reuters in an interview earlier this month.Hindered by higher taxes and weak demand for its exports, Mexico's economy is seen only partially recovering this year. As a result, drop-out rates will not improve much, Castro said."There will be some improvement, but not significant," Castro said.Mexicohas historically had high drop-out rates as poor families pull kids out of school to help put food on the table, and children often sell candy and crafts in the streets or work in restaurants.The nation's drop-out problem is just the latest bad news for the long-term competitiveness of the Mexican economy. Mexico's politicians have resisted mending the country's tax, energy and labor laws for decades, leaving its economy behind countries such as Brazil and Chile.Passage OneRussell Fazio, an Ohio State psychology professor who has studied interracial roommates there and at Indiana University, discovered an intriguing academic effect. In a study analyzing data on thousands of Ohio State freshmen who lived in dorms, he found that black freshmen who came to college with high standardized test scores earned better grades if they had a white roommate —even if the roommate’s test scores were low. The roommate’s race had no effect on the grades of white students or low-scoring black students. Perhaps, the study speculated, having a white roommate helps academically prepared black students adjust to a predominantly white university.That same study found that randomly assigned interracial roommates at Ohio State broke up before the end of the quarter about twice as often as same-race roommates.Because interracial roommate relationships are often problematic, Dr. Fazio said, many students would like to move out, but university housing policies may make it hard to leave.“At Indiana University, where housing was not so tight, more interracial roommates split up,” he said. “Here at Ohio State, where housing was tight, they were told to work it out. The most interesting thing we found was that if the relationship managed to continue for just 10 weeks, we could see an improvement in racial attitudes.”Dr. Fazio’s Indiana study found that three times as many randomly assigned interracial roommates were no longer living together at the end of the semester, compared with white roommates. The interracial roommates spent less time together, and had fewer joint activities than the white pairs.Question 26-2926. What do we know about Russell Fazio ?27. Who benefited from living with a white roommate according to Fazio’s stud y?28. What did the study find about randomly assigned interracial roommates at Ohio State University?29. What did Dr. Fazio find interesting about interracial roommates who had lived together for 10 weeks?Passage twoIn a small liboratory at the Medical University of South Carolina, Dr. Vladimir Mironov has been working for a decade to grow meat. A developmental biologist and tissue engineer, Dr. Mironov, is one of only a few scientists worldwide involved in bioengineering 'cultured' meat.It's a product he believes could help solve future global food crises resulting from shrinking amounts of land available for growing meat the old-fashioned way.“Growth of cultured meat is also under way in the Netherlands”, Mironov told Reuters in an interview, “but in the United States, it is science in search of funding and demand.”The new National Institute of Food and Agriculture won't fund it, the National Institutes of Health won't fund it, and the NASA funded it only briefly, Mironov said."It's classic disruptive technology," Mironov said. "Bringing any new technology on the market, on average, costs $1 billion. We don't even have $1 million."Director of the Advanced Tissue Biofabrication Center in the Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology at the medical university, Mironov now primarily conducts research on tissue engineering, or growing, of human organs."There's an unpleasant factor when people find out meat is grown in a lab. They don't like to associate technology with food," said Nicholas Genovese, a visiting scholar in cancer cell biology."But there are a lot of products that we eat today that are considered natural that are produced in a similar manner," Genovese said.30. What does Dr. Mironov think of bioengineering cultured meat?31. What does Dr. Mironov say about the funding for their research?32. What does Nicholas Genovese say about a lot of products we eat today?Passage 3Bernard Jackson is a free man today, but he has many bitter memories. Jackson spent five years in prison after a jury wrongly convicted him of raping two women. At Jackson's trial, although two witnesses testified that Jackson was with them in another location at the times of the crimes, he was convicted anyway. Why? The jury believed the testimony of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who has attacked them. The court eventually freed Jackson after the police found the man who had really committed the crimes. Jackson was similar in appearance to the guilty man. The two women has made a mistake in identity. As a result, Jackson has lost five years of his life.The two women in this case were eyewitnesses. They clearly saw the man who attacked them, yet they mistakenly identified an innocent person. Similar incidents have occurred before. Eyewitnesses to other crimes have identified the wrong person in a police lineup or in photographs.Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. For instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a lineup of people. They can become confused by seeing many photographs or similar faces. The number of people in the lineup, and whether it is a live lineup or a photograph, may also affect a witness's decision. People sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.Question 33: What do we learn about Bernard Jackson?Question 34: What led directly to Jackson’s sentence?Question 35: What lesson do we learn from Jackson’s case?。
浙江大学2012考博英语听力原文
浙江大学2012年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。
Section ⅠListening Comprehension (20 marks, 1 mark each)Part ADirections: You will hear a passage about Food Resource under Pressure.Listen and complete the sentences in questions 1-5 with the information you've heard, Write not more than 3 words in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.The world’s different sorts of natural resources are struggling to support a rapidly growing population and it may result in a long term crisis. With no increase in arable land, and already taxed supply of freshwater and fears of ongoing drought, figuring out how to feed 7 billion is a top priority for governments. To feed 2 billion more mouths predicted by 2050, food production will have to increase by 70%, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization says. Over the last few years, the world’s focus has shifted from donating excess food to nations hit by poverty towards better positioning farmers to feed themselves. The goals include increasing food productivity, building processing plants and broadening access to markets to provide long-term foods security. Research, development and expansion of agricultural programs are most critical. The public dollars pledged to this effort remain little part of what is needed. The share of World Bank landing going to agriculture is down from about 30% in 1978 to less than 10%, according to the International Food and Agriculture Trade Policy Council. While charitable foundations, nonprofit groups and private-sector companies are putting billions into programs, without the huge funding fromPart BDirections: You will hear a passage about Microsoft’s Vision of Future. Answer the questions 6-10 while you listen. Use not more than 5 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions.How will technology change the future and make the world a better place? Microsoft offers some surprisingly interesting ideas in a video released last Thursday. Microsoft “envisions a world in five to ten years where every”conceivable surface is a computer display–from leaf-thin smart-phones to “sleek offices where workers video conference on huge computer monitors”. In the video, a business traveler landing in Johannesburg, South Africa, uses her eyeglass to translate different languages and find a taxi. Simple piano music is the background soundtrack to the video, which is full of new concepts. The video has caused quite a buzz in the IT world. “Say what yo u will about Microsoft’s execution in developing cool products and services consumers want,” says Jay Greene at IT website CNET, who claims it “a clever glimpse into the possibilities for future technology”.Much of the technology in the video exists today, even if it’s in a nascent form. “Microsoft has many pieces of the puzzle to put the technological vision in place. But so, too, do rivals such as Apple and Google,” Greene says. “And those competitors have often beaten Microsoft and grabbed massive shares of key markets. So while the vision is clever, Microsoft is not alone in pursuing it.” Damon Poeter at points out that cool as Micr osoft’s vision is, it’s “not totally original”. Some of the ideas have been featured in sci-fi movies. And “Nobody ever writes anything original in the future, they just cut-and-paste existing text in visuallyDirections: Questions 11-13 are based on the following passage about Plant Fever. You now have 15 seconds to read choices for questions 11-13.Even plants can run a fever, especially when they are under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature-taken from 3,000 feet away-straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest problems. Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showingwhere plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.11. When will plants emit an increased amount of heat?A. They are sprayed with pesticides. C. They are in poor physical condition.B. They are facing an infrared scanner. D. They are exposed to excessive sun rays.12. In what way can we use infrared scanning to apply pesticide spraying precisely?A. To estimate the damage to the crops. C. To measure the size of the affected area.B. To draw a color-coded map. D. To locate the problem area.13. How can farmers save a considerable amount of pesticide?A. By resorting to spot-spraying. C. By transforming poisoned rain.B. By consulting infrared scanning experts. D. By detecting crop problems at an early date. Directions: Questions 14-16 are based on the following passage about Modern Building and Health. You now have 15 seconds to read choices for questions 14-16.It is being increasingly recognized that the way many modern buildings are constructed and maintained is leading to poorer health among the people who work in them. The main problem is the way that air is handled. In the past, it was possible to open a window for a relief from the smoker at the next desk. Nowadays, however, many buildings are sealed because air-conditioning and ventilation are supposed to eliminate problems. But, as the frequent black streaks on the ceiling near air vents show, much of the dirt in the air is merely being recycled and therefore constantly breathed by the inhabitants of the building. Most office blocks have air ducts and vents running right through them. These can become full of dust and pollutants such as fumes from cigarettes and photocopiers and chemicals like formaldehyde leaking from carpets or adhesive from materials used to construct the building, and so on. These substances can stay in the air for years. Unfortunately, energy conservation can make the problem worse. Switching off air-conditioning and heating at night causes condensation. This creates the damp conditions that help bacteria and fungi to grow. When the system comes on again in the morning, they are sprayed into the building. One third of buildings operate on perpetually recycled air. One study has claimed that 80% of air-conditioned office blocks are “sick”-in other words, staff complain of headache, allergies, rashes, nausea and lethargy. However, other studies have shown that workers in normally ventilated offices sometimes have the same symptoms. Thus there must be factors other that air-conditioning which are also to blame.14. What is the biggest factor leading to poorer health in modern building?A. air conditioningB. stressC. allergic materialsD. poor air exchange15. What is the effect for switching off air-conditioning and heating at night?A. It’s good for energy conservation and people’s health.B. It causes condensation at night and products bacteria.C. It wastes electrical energy.D. It can stop the growth of health.16. According to the passage, which of the following descriptions about air-conditioning in modern buildings is right?A. Air condition is harmful to health.B. Air conditioning is not the only factor for people’s headaches.C. Workers in air-conditioned offices are painful.D. Switching off air conditioning can help purify the air in the office.Directions: Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage about Sporting Activities. You now have 15 seconds to read choices for questions 17-20.Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goalmouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter's triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They cooperated as skillful male-group attackers. Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use-that of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival. The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequencer, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival, to be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.17. What dose the author think about sporting activities?A. Sporting activities are forms of biological development.B. Sporting activities are essentially forms of taming the prey.C. Sporting activities have actually developed from hunting.D. Sporting activities have changed the ways of hunting.18. In a football game, what is equal to the pray in the hunting?A. any member of the opposing teamB. the goal-mouthC. the goal keeperD. the football19. For over a million years, basically what were our foregathers?A. co-operating hunters ,B. successful farmersC. runners and jumpersD. skillful sportsmen20. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?A. It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities.B. Farming is very important in human civilization because it saves human beings from risks and uncertainties of hunting for survival.C. It is hunting that provides human beings with much simpler ways of obtaining meaty meals.D. Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which his forefathers developed for survival.。
年全国医学博士英语统考真题及参考答案
年全国医学博⼠英语统考真题及参考答案2010年全国医学博⼠外语统⼀考试英语试卷答题须知1.请考⽣⾸先将⾃⼰的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在标准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令”要求，在标准答题卡上，将准考证号相应的位置涂好。
2.试卷⼀（paper one）和试卷⼆（paper two）答案都做在标准答题卡上，书⾯表达⼀定要⽤⿊⾊签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域，不要做在试卷上。
3.试卷⼀答题答题时必须使⽤2B铅笔，将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂⿊；如要更正，先⽤橡⽪擦⼲净。
4.标准答题卡不可折叠，同时必须保持平整⼲净，以利评分。
5.听⼒考试只放⼀遍录⾳，每道题后有15秒左右的答题时间。
Paper OnePart I Listening comprehension(30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversions between two speakers. At the end of each conversion, you will hear a question about what is said. The question willbe read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on theANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day.Question: What’s the matter with the womanYou will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerADNow let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. She’s looking for a gift.B. She needs a new purse.C. She’s going to give a birthday party.D. She wants to go shopping with her mom.2. A. She hears noises in her ears day and night.B. She has been overworking for a long time.C. Her right ear, hurt in an accident, is troubling her.D. Her ear rings are giving her trouble day and night.3. A. He’ll go to see Mr. White at 10:30 tomorrow.B. He’d like to make an earlier appointment.C. He’d like to cancel the appointment.D. He’d like to see another dentist.4. A. 8:00 B. 8:15 C. 8:40 D. 8:455. A. In a hotel. B. At a fast food bar.C. In the supermarket.D. In the department store.6. A. To resign right away.B.To work one more day as chairman.C.To think twice before he make the decision.D.To receive further training upon his resignation.7. A. She didn’t do anything in particular.B.She send a wounded person to the ER.C.She had to work in the ER.D.She went skiing.8. A. A customs officer. B. The man’s mother.C. A school headmaster.D. An immigration officer.9. A. It feels as if the room is going around.B.It feels like a kind of unsteadiness.C.It feels as if she is falling down.D.It feels as if she is going around.10. A. John has hidden something in the tree.B.John himself should be blamed.C.John has a dog that barks a lot.D.John is unlucky.11. A. The chemistry homework is difficult.B.The chemistry homework is fun.C.The math homework is difficult.D.The math homework is fun.12. A. His backache. B. His broken leg.C. His skin problem.D. His eye condition.13. A. Whooping cough, smallpox and measles.B.Whooping cough, chickenpox and measles.C.Whooping cough, smallpox and German measles.D.Whooping cough, chickenpox and German measles.14. A. Saturday morning. B. Saturday night.C. Saturday afternoon.D. Next weekend.15. A. He’s lost his notebook.B.His handwriting is messy.C.He’ll miss class latter this week.D.He cannot make it for his appointment.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one conversion and two passages, after each of which, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on theANSWER SHEET.Conversation16. A. He is having a physical checkup.B.He has just undergone an operation.C.He has just recovered from an illness.D.He will be discharged from the hospital this afternoon.17. A. He got an infection in the lungs.B.He had his gallbladder inflamed.C.He was suffering from influenza.D.He had developed a big kidney tone.18. A. A lot better. B. Terribly awful.C. Couldn’t be better.D. Okay, but a bit weak.19. A. To be confined to a wheelchair.B.To stay indoors for a complete recovery.C.To stay in bed and drink a lot of water.D.To move about and enjoy the sunshine.20. A. From 4 pm to 6 pm. B. From 5 pm to 7 pm.C. From 6 pm to 8 pm.D. From 7 pm to 9 pm.Passage One21. A. The link between weight loss and sleep deprivation.B.The link between weight gain and sleep deprivation.C.The link between weight loss and physical exercise.D.The link between weight gain and physical exercise.22. A. More than 68,000. B. More than 60,800.C. More than 60,080.D. More than 60,008.23. A. Sever-hour sleepers gained more weight over time than 5-hour ones.B.Five-hour sleepers gained more weight over time than 7-hour ones.C.Short-sleepers were 15% more likely to become obese.D.Short-sleepers consumed fewer calories than long sleepers.24. A. Overeating among the sleep-deprived.B.Little exercise among the sleep-deprived.C.Lower metabolic rate resulting from less sleep.D.Higher metabolic rate resulting from less sleep.25. A. Exercise every day. B. Take diet pills.C. Go on a diet.D. Sleep more.Passage Two26. A. She is too hard on me.B.She asks too many questions.C.She is always considerate of my feelings.D.She is the meanest mother in the neighborhood.27. A. A university instructor. B. A teaching assistant.C. A phD student.D. A psychiatrist.28. A. They usually say no.B.They usually say yes.C.They usually wait and see.D.They usually refuse to say anything.29. A. They are overconfident.B.Their brains grow too fast.C.They are psychologically dependent.D.Their brains are still immature in some areas.30. A. Be easy on your teen.B.Try to be mean to your teen.C.Say no to your teen when necessary.D.Don’t care about your teen’s feelings.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirections: In this section all the statements are incomplete, beneath each of which are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can bestcomplete the statement and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.31. A number of black youths have complained of being by the police.A. harassedB. distractedC. sentencedD. released32. He rapidly became with his own power in the team.A. irrigatedB. irradiatedC. streetlightD. torchlight33. Throughout his political career he has always been in the .A. twilightB. spotlightC. streetlightD. torchlight34. We that diet is related to most types of cancer but we don’t have definite proof.A. suspendB. superveneC. superviseD. suspect35. A patient who is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain, which can nolonger be satisfactorily .A. alleviatedB. abolishedC. demolishedD. diminished36. The television station is supported by from foundations and other sources.A. donationsB. pensionsC. advertisementsD. accounts37. More legislation is needed to protect the property rights of the patent.A. integrativeB. intellectualC. intelligent38. Officials are supposed to themselves to the welfare and health of the generalpublic.A. adaptB. confineC. commitD. assess39. You should stop your condition and do something about it.A. drawing onB. touching onC. leaning onD. dwelling on40. The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen into human nature.A. perspectiveB. dimensionC. insightD. reflectionSection BDirections: In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined, beneath which are four words or phrase. Choose the word or phrase which canbest keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for theunderlined part. Then mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.41.The chemical was found to be detrimental to human health.A. toxicB. immuneC. sensitiveD. allergic42.It will be a devastating blow for the patient, if the clinic closes.A. permanentB. desperateC. destructiveD. sudden43.He kept telling us about his operation in the most graphic detail.A. verifiableB. explicitC. preciseD. ambiguous44.The difficult case tested the ingenuity of even the most skillful physician.A. credibilityB. commitmentC. honestyD. talent45.He left immediately on the pretext that he had to catch a train.A. claimB. clueC. excuseD. talent46.The nurse was filled with remorse of not believing her .A. anguishB. regretC. apologyD. grief47.The doctor tried to find a tactful way of telling her the truth.A. delicateB. communicativeC. skillfulD. considerate48.Whether a person likes a routine office job or not depends largely on temperament.A. dispositionB. qualificationC. temptationD. endorsement49.The doctor ruled out Friday’s surgery for the patient’s unexpected complications.A. confirmedB. facilitatedC. postponedD. cancelled50.It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life.A. cautiousB. motionlessC. calmD. alertPart III Cloze(10%)Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are four choice marked A, B, C and D listed on the right side. Choose the best answer andmark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Experts say about 1% of young women in the United States are almost starving themselves today. They are suffering from a sickness called anorexia.These young women have an abnormal fear of getting fat. They 51 starve themselves so they weigh at 15% less than their normal weight.The National Institute of Mental Health says one 52 ten cases of anorexia leads to serious medical problems. These patients can die from heart failure or the disease can lead young women to 53 themselves. For example, former gymnast Christy Henrich died at age 22. She weighed only61 pounds.A person with anorexia first develops joint and muscle problems. There is a lack of iron in the blood. 54 the sickness progresses, a young woman’s breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure rates slow down. The important substance calcium is 55 from the bones, something causing bones to break. Sometimes the brain gets smaller, causing changes in 56 a person thinks and acts. Scientists say many patients have further mental and emotional problems. They have 57 opinions about themselves. They feel helpless. Their attempts to become extremely thin may 58 efforts to take control of their lives. They may become dependent on illegal drugs. Some people also feel the need to continually repeat a(n) 59 . For example, they may repeatedly wash their hands although their hands are clean.Anorexia is a serious eating 60 .If it is not treated on time, it can be fatal.51. A. specifically B. purposely C. particularly D. passionately52. A. from B. of C. at D. in53. A. kill B. starve C. abuse D. worsen54. A. When B. While C. As D. Since55. A. lost B. derived C. generated D. synthesized56. A. what B. why C. how D. which57. A. good B. high C. lower D. poor58. A. represent B. make C. present D. exert59. A. medication B. illusion C. motion D. action60. A. habit B. behavior C. disorder D. patternPart IV Reading Comprehension(30%)Direction:In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the bestanswer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneChildren should avoid using mobile phones for all but essential calls because of possible health effects on young brains. This is one of the expected conclusions of an official government report to be published this week. The report is expected to call for the mobile phone industry to refrain from promoting phone use by children, and to start labeling phones with data on the amount of radiation they emit.The Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones, chaired by former government chief scientist William Stewart, has spent eight months reviewing existing scientific evidence on all aspects of the health effects of using mobile phones. Its report is believed to conclude that because we don’t fully understand the nonthermal effects of radiation on human tissue, the government should adopt a precautionary approach, particularly in relation to children.There is currently no evidence that mobile phones harm users or people living near transmitter masts. But some studies show that cell-phones operating at radiation levels within current safety limits do have some sort of biological effect on the brain.John Tattersall, a researcher on the health effects of radiation at the Defense Evaluation and Research Agency’s site at Porton Down, agrees that it might be wise to limit phone use by children. “If you have a developing nervous system, it’s known to be more susceptible to environmental insults,” he says,“So if phones did prove to be hazardous——which they haven’t yet ——it would be sensible.”In 1998, Tattersall showed that radiation levels similar to those emitted by mobile phones could alter signals from brain cells in slices of rat brain, “What we’ve found is an effect, but we don’t know if it’s hazardous,” he says.Alan Preece of the University of Bristol, who found last year that microwaves increase reaction times in test subjects, agreed that children’s exposure would be greater. “There’s a lot less tissue in the way, and the skill is thinner, so children’s heads are considerably closer,” he says.Stewart’s report is likely to recommend that the current British safety standards on energy emissions from cell-phones should be cut to the level recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, which is one-fifth of the current British limit. “The extra safety factor of five is somewhat arbitrary,” says Michael Clark of th e National Radiological Protection Board. “But we accept that it’s difficult for the UK to have different standards from an international body.”61. Just because it has not been confirmed yet whether mobile phone emissions can harm humantissue, according to the government report, does not mean that .A. the government should prohibit children from using cell-phonesB. we should put down the phone for the sake of safetyC. the industry can have a right to promote phone useD. children are safe using cell-phones62. Tattersall argues that it is wise to refrain mobile phone use by children in termsof .A. their neural developmentB. their ill-designed cell-phonesC. the frequency of their irrational useD. their ignorance of its possible health effects63. On the issue in question, Preece .A. does not agree with TattersallB. tries to remove the obstacles in the wayC. asks for further investigationD. would stand by Stewart64. What is worrisome at present is that the UK .A. is going to turn deaf ears to the voice of Stesart’s planB. finds it difficult to cut the current safety standards on phone useC. maintains different standards on safety limit from the international onesD. does not even impose safety limit on the mobile phones’ energy emissions65．Which of the following can bi the best candidate for the title of the passageA . Brain Wave B. For Adults OnlyC. Catch Them YoungD. The Answer in the AirPassage TwoAdvances in cosmetic dentistry and plastic surgery have made it possible to correct facial birth defects, repair damaged teeth and tissue, and prevent or greatly delay the onset of tooth decay and gum disease. As a result, more people smile more often and more openly today than ever in the past, and we can expect more smiles in the future.Evidence of the smile’s ascent may be seen in famous paintings in museums and galleries throughout the world. The vast majority of prosperous bigwigs(要⼈),voluptuous nudes, ormiddle-class family members in formal portraits and domestic scenes appear to have their mouths firmly closed. Soldiers in battle, children at play, beggars, old people, and especially villains may have their mouths open; but their smiles are seldom attractive, and more often suggest strain or violence than joy.Smiles convey a wide range of meanings in different eras and cultures, says art historian Angus Trumble, currently curator(馆长)of Yale University’s Center for British Art, in his book A Brief History of the Smile. Compare, for instance, the varying impressions made by the shy dimples(酒窝)of Leonardo’s Mona Lisa; the rosy-cheeked, mustachioed Laughing Cavalier of Frans Hals; and the”Smiley Face”logo perfected(though not invented)in 1963 by American graphic artist Harvey .In some non-Western cultures, Trumble notes, even a warm, open smile does not necessarily indicate pleasure or agreement. It can simply be a polite mask to cover emotions considered too rude or shocking to bi openly displayed.Subtle differences in muscle movement can convey enormous differences in emotion, from the tranquility of bronze Buddhas, to the erotic bliss of couples entwined in stone on Hindu temples, to the fierce smirk(假笑)of a guardian demon at the entrance to a Chinese tomb.Trumble expects the impact of Western medicine and mass media to further increase the pressure on people to grin broadly and laugh openly in public.”Faint smiles are increasingly thought of in scientific and psychological circles as something that falls short of the true smile ,”and therefore suggest insincerity or lack of enthusiasm, he says.With tattooing, boby piercing, and permanent cosmetics already well established as fashion trends, one can imagine tomorrow’s beauty shops adding plastic surgeons and dentists to their staffs. These comer-store cosmeticians would offer style makeovers to reshape our lips, teeth, and jawlines to mimic the signature smile of one’s favorite celebrity.What can you say to that except” Have a nice day”66. Had it not been for cosmetic advances, as inferred from the passage, .A . people would not have been as happy as they are todayB. the rate of facial birth defect would not have declinedC . there would not have been many more open smilesD. we would not have seen smiling faces in public67. According to the passage, it seems that whether there is a smile or not in the portraits orpictures is decided by .A. one’s internal sense of the external worldB . one’s identity or social positionC . one’s times of existenceD . All of the above68. Trumble’s study on smiles shows that .A. an open smile can serve as a cover-upB . the famous portraits radiate varying smilesC. even the human muscles can arouse varying emotionsD. smiles can represent misinterpretations of different eras and cultures69. What Trumble expects to see is .A. the increasing tendency of broad grins and open smiles in publicB . further impact of Western medicine upon non-Western culturesC. a wider range of meanings to be conveyed by smilesD. more of sincerity and enthusiasm in public70 . At the end of the passage, the author implicates .A. a fortune to come with cosmetic advancesB . an identical smile for everybobyC . future changes in life styleD . the future of smilesPassage ThreeAdolf Hitler survived an assassination attempt in 1944 with the lamp of penicillin made by the Allies, a microbiologist in the UK claims. If the Nazi leader had died from bacterial infection of his many wounds, the Second World War might have been over a year earlier, saving millions of lives, says Milton Wainwright of the University of Sheffield, a noted historian of microbiology.In a paper to be published soon in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, Wainwright reveals first-hand evidence that Hitler was treated with penicillin by his personal doctor, Theo Morrell, following an assassination attempt in which a bomb in a suitcase exploded next to Hitler’s desk. Hitler was badly hurt, fleeing the scene with his hair and trousers on fire, a badly bleeding arm and countless wooden splinter wounds from the oak table that probably saved his life.Wainwright found confirmation that Morrell gave Hitler antibiotics as a precaution in a recent translation of Morrell’s own diary. “I happened to be reading it for interest when the word penicillin jumped out at me,” he says. He then set about trying to establish where Morrell might have got the drug.At the time, penicillin was available only to the Allies. German and Czechoslovakian teams had tried without much success to make it, Wainwright says, but the small quantities that were available were weak and impure. “It’s g enerally accepted that it was no good,” says Wainwright.He reasons that Morrell would only have risked giving Hitler penicillin to prevent infections if he were confident that the antibiotic would cure, not kill the German premier. “My research shows that Morrell, in a very dodgy(危险的) position as Hitler’s doctor, would only have used pure stuff.” And the only reliable penicillin was that made by the Allies. So where did Morrell get itWainwright’s investigations revealed that Allied airmen carried penicillin, so the Germans may have confiscated some from prisoners of war. The other more likely source is from neutral countries such Spain, which received penicillin from Allied countries for humanitarian purposes, perhaps for treating sick children.“I have proof the Allies were sending it to these countries,” says Wainwright. “I’m saying this would have got through in diplomatic bags, reaching Hitler’s doctor and the higher echelons(阶层)of the Nazi party. So this was almost certainly pure, Allied penicillin.”“We can never be certain it saved Hitler’s life,” says Wainwright. But he notes that one of Hitler’s henchmen(死党)，Reinhard Heydrich, died from blood poisoning after surviving acar-bomb assassination attempt. “Hair from his seat went into his wounds and gave him septicemia,” says Wainwright. Morrell may have been anxious to ensure that Hitler avoided the same fate.71. According to Wainwright, Adolf Hitler .A. might have used biological weapons in the warB. could not have committed suicide as confirmedC. could have died of bacterial infectionD. might have survived a bacterial plague72. Following his assassination in 1944, Adolf Hitler .A. began to exercise precautions against his personal attacksB. was anxious to have penicillin developed in his countryC. received an jinjection of penicillin for blood poisoningD. was suspected of being likely to get infected73. As Wainwright reasons, H itler’s personal doctor .A. cannot have dared to prescribe German-made penicillin to himB. need not have used pure antibiotic for his suspect infectionC. would have had every reason to assassinate himD. must have tried to produce penicillin74. Wainwright implies that the Third Reich .A. met the fate of collapse as expectedB. butchered millions of lives on the earthC. was severely struck by bacterial plaguesD. did have channels to obtain pure penicillin75.Which of the following can be the best title for the passageA.How Hitler Manage to Survive Assassination AttemptsB.Morrell Loyal to His German PrimierC.Hitler Saved by Allied DrugsD.Penicillin Abused in GermanPassage FourGet ready for a new kind of machine at your local gym: one that doesn’t involve huffing and puffing as you burn off calories. Instead, all you have to do is stand still for 30 seconds while the machine measures your body fat. It could then tell you exactly where you could do with losing a few pounds and even advise you on exercises for your problem areas. If the body fat scanner turns out to be accurate enough, its makers hope it could one day help doctors spot disease.The scanner works by simultaneously building up an accurate 3D image of the body, while measuring the body’s effect on an electromagnetic field. Combining the two measurements allows the researchers to work out the distribution of fat and water within. Neither method is new on itsown, says Henri Tapp, at the Institute of Food Research in Norwich in the UK. “The smart thing is that we’ve put them in one machine.”And it’s not just for gym users. The body fat scanner could be used to study fat deposition as children develop, while patients recover from injury, or during pregnancy. And since it uses radio waves rather than X-rays, Tapp’s device is safe to use repeatedly.Body shape is known to be a risk indicator for heart disease and diabetes. So accurately quantifying fat distribution could help doctors suggest preventive measures to patients before problems arise. At the moment, doctors estimate fat content from knowing body volume and water content. To a good approximation, says Tapp, anything that isn’t fat is water. The amount of water in the body is often measured by giving the subject a drink of water that contains a radioactive tracer. The level of tracer in the patient's urine after three hours reveals the total water volume.To find out a body’s volume, subjects are weighed while totally submerged in water, and this is subtracted from their normal weight to give the weight of water displaced, and hence the subject’s volume. But it is scarcely practical for seriously ill people.There are other ways to directly measure body fat, such as passing a minuscule current between the wrists and feet. The overall fat content can then be estimated from the body’s resistance. But this method doesn’t take body shape into account ——so a subject with particularly skinny legs might register a higher fat content than the true value. That’s because skinny legs—with a lower cross-sectional area——will present higher resistance to current. So the machine thinks the water content of the body is lower——rating the subject as fatter. Also, the system can only give an overall measurement of fat.Tapp’s method uses similar calculations, but is more sophisticated because it tells you where you are piling on the pounds.76. The new machine is designed .A. to picture the body’s hidden fatB. to identify those at risk for obesityC. to help clinically treat specific casesD. to measure accurately risky obesity-related effects77. The beauty of the device, according to Tapp, is that .A. it performs a dual functionB. it is of great accuracy in measurementC. it has significant implications in clinical practiceD. it contributes to the evolution of human anatomy78.Which of the following, according to the passage, does the machine have the potential tospareA. A minuscule current.B. A radioactive tracer.C. A water tank.D. All of the above.79.In comparison with the techniques mentioned in the passage, the body fat scanner .A. quickens the pace of the patient’s rehabilitationB. is highly appreciated for its safetyC. features its measuring precisionD. is easy to operate in the clinic80.For scanning, all the subject has to do is .A. take up a form of workout in the gymB. turn round the body fat scannerC. lie on the electromagnetic fieldD. sand in the systemPassage FiveThere is currently abroad a new wave of appreciation for breadth of knowledge. Curricula at universalities and colleges and programs in federal agencies extol(赞扬) the virtues of a broad education. For scientists who work in specialized jobs, it is a pleasure to escape in our spare time to read broadly in fields distant from our own. Some of us have made interdisciplinary study our occupation, which is no surprise, because much of the intellectual action in our society today lies at the interfaces between traditional disciplines. Environmental science is a good example, because it frequently requires us to be conversant in several different sciences and even some unscientific fields.Experiencing this breadth of knowledge is stimulating, but so is delving deeply into a subject. Both are wonderful experiences that are complementary practical and aesthetic(美学的)ways. They are like viewing the marvelous sculpture of knowledge in two different ways. Look at the sculpture from one perspective and you see the piece in its entirety, how its components connect to give it form, balance, and symmetry. From another viewpoint you see its detail, depth, and mass. There is no need to choose between these two perspectives in art. To do so would subtract from the totality of the figure.So it is with science. Sometimes we gaze through a subject and are reluctant to stop for too much detail. As chemists, we are fascinated by computer sciences or molecular genetics, but not enough to become an expert. Or we may be interested in an analytical technique but not enough to stay at its cutting edge. At other times, we become immersed in the detail of a subject and see its beauty in an entirely different way than when we browse. It is as if we penetrate the surface of the sculpture and pass through the crystal structure to the molecular level where the code for the entire structure is revealed. Unfortunately, in our zeal for breadth or depth, we often feel that it is necessary to diminish the value of the other. Specialists are sometimes ridiculed with names such as “nerd”or “technocrats”, generalists are often criticized for being too “soft” or knowing too little about any one thing. Both are ludicrous(可笑的) accusations that deny a part of the reality of environmental science. Let us not be divided by our passion for depth or breadth. The beauty that awaits us on either route is too precious to stifle, too wonderful to diminish by bickering(争吵).81. From a broad education to interdisciplinary study, we can see .A. the integration of theory with practiceB. the enthusiasm for breadth of knowledgeC. the rapid division of traditional disciplinesD. the confrontation between specialists and generalists82. The commentator would say that the totality of the sculpture of knowledge .A. is mainly composed of two elementsB. presents two different points of viewC. cannot be perceived from one perspective。
医学博士英语听力面试题
医学博士英语听力面试题Title: Medical Doctor English Listening Interview Questions and AnswersIn the realm of medical education, the English language proficiency of aspiring doctors is crucial. It is not only a requirement for effective communication within the healthcare system but also a prerequisite for international collaborations and research. Therefore, the English listening interview plays a pivotal role in assessing the candidate's ability to comprehend and respond appropriately in a medical context.Here are some sample English listening interview questions and answers that are designed to test a medical doctor's comprehension skills and ability to communicate effectively in English.$$Question 1:$$ Describe the symptoms of a patient who has been complaining of chest pain for the past week.**Answer:** The patient has been experiencing chest pain for the past week, describing it as a dull ache that radiates to the left arm. The pain is often triggered byexertion and relieved by rest. Additionally, the patient mentions feeling short of breath, especially after physical activity. There is also a history of elevated blood pressure and smoking, which are known risk factors for heart disease.**Question 2:** Discuss the treatment options for a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.**Answer:** For a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, the treatment options typically include a combination of lifestyle modifications and medication. Lifestyle modifications involve dietary changes such as reducing sugar intake and increasing fiber consumption, as well as regular physical activity to aid in weight management. Medication may include oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin therapy, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient's response to initial treatment. Close monitoring of blood sugar levels is also crucial.**Question 3:** Explain the role of a primary care physician in managing chronic diseases.**Answer:** A primary care physician plays a pivotal role in managing chronic diseases. They are responsible forproviding continuous and comprehensive care, including regular check-ups, screenings, and follow-up appointments. They monitor the patient's condition, adjust treatment plans based on the progression of the disease, and provide education and counseling on lifestyle modifications. Additionally, they coordinate care with specialists and other healthcare providers to ensure the patient receives optimal treatment.**Question 4:** Describe the process of diagnosing a stroke in an emergency setting.**Answer:** In an emergency setting, diagnosing a stroke involves a rapid assessment of the patient's symptoms and neurological status. This includes evaluating the patient's ability to speak, move, and understand commands. Imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis and identify the location and extent of the stroke. Additionally, blood tests may be performed to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and intervention are crucial to minimize the damage caused by a stroke.**Question 5:** Discuss the ethical considerations involved in conducting medical research.**Answer:** Medical research is governed by strict ethical considerations to ensure the safety and well-being of participants and the integrity of the research process. This includes obtaining informed consent from participants, ensuring their privacy and confidentiality, and minimizing any potential risks involved. Researchers must also adhere to the principles of non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice, ensuring that the research benefits society and does not harm individuals. Additionally, the results of the research must be accurately reported and interpreted, and any conflicts of interest must be disclosed.These sample questions and answers demonstrate the range of medical concepts and scenarios that may be covered in an English listening interview for medical doctors. They require the candidate to demonstrate not only a solid understanding of medical terminology and concepts but also the ability to communicate effectively in English. By preparing for such interviews, aspiring doctors can enhancetheir chances of success in the medical field, where clear and accurate communication is paramount.。
2012年听力原文
2012 年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷录音原文Part 1 listening comprehension(30%)Section A1. M: Well, just keep your arm straight there. Fine, there will be a little prick like a mosquito bite. OK? There we go. Ok, I will send that sample off and we'll check it. If the sampleis ok, we won't need to go on seeing you anymore.W: So you think I'm getting better?M: Absolutely.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?2. W: It's Mr. Cong, isn't it?M: That's right. I saw you six months ago with a broken finger.W: Yes, of course. And is that all healing well?M: It's fine.W: What can we do for you today?M: Well, I've been having these headaches in the front, about my eyes. It started two months ago. They seem to come on quite suddenly, and I get dizzy spell as well.Q: What is the trouble in the man now?3. M: When you need a health checkup, just call me. It's totally free.W: It's great having a doctor around.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: We need anti-oxidants to prevent ourselves from developing cancer, but I don't like taking pills to get it.M: But you need to eat a mountain of food everyday to get all of the anti-oxidants you need.W: I drink a lot of green tea; I eat onion, garlic and citrous food. I also get nine different colors of vegetables everyday.M: All those do have anti-oxidants, but I want to be on the safe side.Q: what does the man mean?5. W: The blouse cost me like 8000 yuan.M: That's such a ripoff.W: I really like it, the color, the design...M: Fashion really kills women.Q: what does the man mean?6. W: I'm finding it difficult to get the train to get home for the Spring Festival. Last year, I stood for 24 hours from Beijing to Chengdu. So, I need a seat this year. Any ideas?M: You can try going online. I know there are a few sites that offer tickets.W: That's worth the try. Thanks.Q: What is the woman going to do next?7. M: This money from the Gates Foundation will help us with our plans.W: How could it not?Q: what does the woman mean?8. A: How long does the pain last?B: Just a short while. A: A minute, 5 minutes, half an hour?B: Oh, not half an hour?A: How long does it last?B: About a quarter of an hour.Q: how long does the man say the pain last?9. A: Don't eat ice cream so fast?B: Too late. I've already have a brain freeze.Q: what does the woman mean?10. A: Honey I'm leaving tonight and get to the United States at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.B: Woo, woo, I can't wait to see you?Q: what does the woman mean?11. A: have you got a cold?B: Nope, I'm hoarse because I have got enough sleep lately and have been singing a lotKTV.Q: what is the man’s problem?12. A: Men are from Mars, and women are from Venus. It's really hard for me to understand Emily.B: Susan is the best friend of Emily, why don't you pick her brain.Q: what does the woman advise the man to do?13. A: Dad, I've decide to sign up for American Idol in order to be a famous singer.B: Oh, honey, don't you know that it's really hard to stand out from the crowd.A: But where there is a road there is a way.Q: what is true about the woman14. A: Here is my X-rays.B: I'll just have a look. Everything is OK except what you can see here. There is ahemi-fracture. It's not very serious, but you should take a month off work and rest in bedas much as possible. I'll give some herbal medicine to help you heal quickly.A: Do I need to be put in plaster?B: No, it isn't necessary.Q: which of the following is not among the doctor’s suggestion?15. A: My skin has suddenly gone rough and red, and spots keep breaking out. Is thereanything I can do?B: Have you used anything different on your face, or have you been on any medication?A: I usually use Chinese face cream, but on my birthday I've got some very expensive American face cream. It smells very nice. I wonder if that could be the problem.B: do you have the face cream with you?A: Yes, here it is.B: It smells very strong. Maybe you are allergic to the perfume in it. I suggest you stopusing it immediately.Q: what might be the cause for the woman’s skin problem?Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one dialogue and two passages. After each one, youwill hear five questions. After each question, read the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Questions 16-20 are based on the following dialogue.P: Here is my result, doctor.D: Have a seat, and let's have a look. Well, your ECG is perfectly normal, and there is no problem with your X-ray, either. But your white blood cell count is rather high, which is whatI expected, and it shows your body is fighting the virus.P: Is there anything here I can do so that I can feel better, doctor? I am really busy at work this week. And I have a lot of stuff to do, but I don't feel opt to it. Also my daughter is studyingbad and...D: Don't worry. It's just against the feel. But I will give you some medicine for it to make youfeel better. Three times a day take the white tablets as directed on the label after meals. Andfor the (...) tablets, take one or two depending on how suitable your bowels are.P: Is there anything else I can do, Doctor Hunt?D: I know you are busy, but you really shouldn't go to work. However, that's up to you. Rest as much as possible, drink plenty of liquid, and eat plenty of vegetables and fruits. Remember,an apple a day keeps the doctor away. If there is no improvement after three days, come backand see me again.P: Thank you, doctor.Questions:16. According to the women's test results, which of the following item is abnormal?17. Which of the following is not the reason for the woman's anxiety?18. What is the doctor's diagnosis of the woman?19. How does the doctor say the medications are administered for the woman?20. Which of the following is not one of the suggestions by the doctor?Passage OneQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.Our culture is obsessed with sleep, and the lack of it, yet many of us don't know some basic facts. As many as 35 million Americans experience chronic insomnia, and yet in 2006 only $20 million was spent on research. In the six years that author, professor and lifelong insomniac Gayle Green spent researching and writing her book "Insomniac". She learned almost all there is to know about sleep and the lack thereof. Here are five common myths about how we get our shut-eye and why:1. Humans Need Eight Hours Sleep a NightThere are many ways of sleeping and few cultures sleep in eight-hour consolidated blockslike we do. Until the industrial era, many Western Europeans divided the night into "the first sleep" and the "second sleep." They'd go to bed soon after dark, sleep for four hours then wake for an hour or two during which they'd write, pray, smoke, have sex or even visit neighbors. In fact, there's some evidence to suggest that this sleep pattern may be the one most in tune with our inherent circadian rhythms.2. Sleep Isn't Just a Bodily FunctionSleep is a biological, physiological system, akin to the cardiovascular system, the nervous system and so on. Like any other system, it is highly variable, and it wears out and gets more fragile with age. 3. Animals Don't Have Sleep ProblemsInsomnia occurs in animals and insects, too, sort of. Technically, insomnia is defined as a "complaint," and since animals can't complain, it's difficult to measure in them.4. Falling Asleep Is a Gradual Process NopeInstead, for most people, it switches on and off like a light switch. But for insomniacs andnarcoleptics, the switch doesn't work quite well. Instead they inhabit the space in betweennever entirely awake, nor entirely asleep.5. Sleeping Less Bums More CaloriesIn the short term, yes, but sleeping less probably won't help you lose weight. Lack of sleep suppresses our natural appetite-depressants, while fueling appetite-increasers, omen leading to weight gain.21. According to the talk, approximately how many Americans suffer chronic insomnia?22. Which of the following can best describe Gayle Green?23. Which of the following sleeping patterns might be the most in tune with our inherent biological system?24. According to the talk, why is it difficult to measure insomnia in animals?25. According to the talk, which of the following is true?Passage TwoQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Eight-year-old children have a radically different learning strategy from twelve-year-oldsand adults. Eight-year-olds learn primarily from positive feedback, whereas negative feedback scarcely causes any alarm bells to ring. Twelve-year-olds are better able to process negative feedback, and use it to learn from their mistakes. Adults do the same, but more efficiently. Dr Eveline Crone and her colleagues from the Leiden Brain and Cognition Lab used fMRI research to compare the brains of three different age groups: children of eight to nine years, children of eleven to twelve years, and adults aged between 18 and 25 years. This three-way division had never been made before; the comparison is generally made between children and adults. Crone herself was surprised at the outcome: "We had expected that the brains of eight-year-olds would function in exactly the same way as the brains of twelve-year-olds, but maybe not quite so well. Children learn the whole time, so this new knowledge can have major consequences for people wanting to teach children: how can you best relay instructions to eight- and twelve-year-olds?" The researchers gave children of both age groups and adults aged 18 to 25 a computer task while they lay in the MRI scanner. The task required them to discover rules. If they did this correctly, a tick appeared on the screen, otherwise a cross appeared. MRI scans showed which parts of the brain were activated. These surprising results set Crone thinking. "You start to think less in terms of'good' and 'not so good'. Children of eight may well be able to learn extremely differently, only they do it in a different way."26. According to the talk, which of the following groups can best learn from their mistakes?27. What is new about Dr. Crone's research?28. What had Dr. Crone and her colleagues expected?29. Which of the following feedback can best stimulate the eight year-olds to learn?30. According to the talk, which group of people would learn and benefit most?。
2013年全国医学博士统一考试英语听力录音文本
2013医学考博英语听力原文Section A1. M: What’s the matter with this little boy?W: He has a chesty cough all the time. His temperature is high. And he keeps telling me he wants to be sick.M: Does he bring anything up?W: No, because he has been off his food for the past two days. He just brings up (呕吐) bile (胆汁).Q: Which of the following is not the boy’s symptom?2. W: Good afternoon, doctor. I have a terrible headache. Yesterday I had a runny nose. Now my nose is stuffed up.M: Let me give you an examination. First, let me have a look at your throat. Ok, now let me examine your chest. Do you have a history of tuberculosis?W: No, I don’t think so.M: Your throat is inflamed and your tongue is thickly coated. You have all the symptoms of influenza.Q: What is the woman suffering from?3. W: What are you looking for?M: My laptop. I can’t find it in my bag or anywhere.W: I can’t remember you carrying it here. Think about it one more time.M: That’s right. I left it at home.Q: Where is the man’s laptop?4. M: How is your work going?W: I think I will be finished soon.M: Well, I won’t be finished for a while.Q: What can be inferred about the man?5. W: When are doctor Peterman’s office hours?M: Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 10 a.m. to noon.W: That’s not very convenient for me. I have pathology class then.Q: What is the man?6. W: Hello, Eric, what can I do for you?M: I was wondering if you had the results.W: Oh, yes, the results. We’ve got them.M: Great.W: Here we go. Urea (尿素) 2.6 , Sodium (钠) 136, and Potassium (钾) 3.9.M: 3.5.W: No, that’s 3.9.Q: What is the man’s sodium level?7. M: Hello, this is Don North from Pediatrics. I’d like a word with Doctor Wilson if it’s possible.W: I’m sorry, but he left for Michigan to attend a conference this morning. He was in fact looking for you just before he left.Q: What is true about Doctor Wilson?8. M: I spent my one-month salary buying a pair of skis.W: Are you crazy? You’ve got a ski fever.Q: What can we say about the man?9. W: Most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture.M: That’s for sure. But they should do as Romans do.Q: According to the man, what are people supposed to do when traveling to a foreign culture?10. W: Cindy just got divorced.M: So soon! She got married only last summer.W: Well, she found out that her husband was not the millionaire she thought he was.Q: What does the woman imply about Cindy?11. M: Kate was the only one brave enough to speak her mind at the meeting today.M: Yeah, a lot of people felt the same way, but were too scared to say anything. She just voiced the aspiration of them.Q: Which of the following words can best describe Kate?12. W: Why didn’t you come to work yesterday?M: I was feeling a little under the weather.W: Did you go to see the doc?M: No, nothing serious.Q: Why didn’t the man go to work yesterday?13. M: Have you heard of the magazine The World of English?W: Of course. It is one of many English magazines that are now flying off book seller shelves.Q: What does the woman imply about the The World of English?14. M: Hello Doctor Marks. It’s Tim Tailor from ANNE at Edinburgh Central.W: Hello.M: I’ve got a young woman, a 30-year-old woman referred up by her GP with a kind of ____________ for about 10-15 days.W: Right.M: She’s been on antibiotics and basically it needs to be incised. Can you take her?W: Of course. What’s the patient’s name?Q: What is the woman?15. W: What do you know about treatments of cancer?M: Chemotherapy. But that makes your hair fall out, doesn’t it?W: Yes, there are some unpleasant side-effects. I’m not sure we need to consider that at this stage. We should see whether a series of injection will help.Q: What treatment will the man probably receive first?Section BW: Hello doctor Smith, welcome to our program “Health Journey”. Could you tell us something about swine flu.M: Well, it’s a common respiratory ailment in pigs that doesn’t usually spread to people.W: But why are so many people infected?M: Unlike most cases, this flu virus appears to be a sub-type not seen before in humans or pigs. It has genetic material from pigs, birds and humans, according to the WHO.W: Then why is it called swine flu? Why pigs are the carriers of this virus?M: Um. It’s closer to say that pigs were the mixing balls for this virus.W: What does it mean?M: I mean birds cannot pass bird flu to people. But pigs are susceptible to getting flu viruses that infected birds. The virus inside the infected pig might mutate to a form that could also infect other mammals.W: Wow, so complicated. By the way, can we catch swine flu from eating pork?M: Actually, ill pigs are not allowed to enter the market. Cooking also kills the virus. Only people who work with pigs can catch the virus.W: How do they feel if infected?M: The most common symptoms are fever, fatigue, lack of appetite and coughing, although some people also develop runny nose, sore throat, vomiting or diarrhea.W: What should we do if we have these symptoms?M: Stay home from work or school. Don’t get on a plane. Call your doctors to ask about the best treatment. Don’t simply show up at the clinic or hospital that is unprepared for your arrival.W: Say, the antiviral study. How is it going?M: This strain of swine flu does appear sensitive to the antiviral drugs Relenza (瑞乐沙) and Tamiflu (达菲), but not to Amantadine and Remantadine.W: We’ve learned a lot tonight. Thanks for your coming, doctor Smith.M: It’s my pleasure.Questions:16. What do we know about swine flu?17. What may cause people to have swine flu?18. According to the dialogue, which is among the most common symptoms of swine flu?19. What does the speaker advice the suspects of swine flu to do?20. What can be said of the dialogue?Passage OneQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.About 10 million people in the U.S. alone, from troops returning from war to students withmusic blasting through headphones are suffering from impairing noise-induced hearing loss. The rise in trend is something that researchers and physicians at the University of Michigan Cresgo Hearing Research Institute are hoping to reverse, with the cocktail of vitamins and the mineral magnesium (镁) that shall promise as a possible way to prevent hearing loss caused by loud noise. The nutrients were successful in laboratory tests.And now researchers are testing whether humans will benefit as well. The combination of vitamins A, C and E plus magnesium is given on pill form to patients who are participating in the research. Developed at the UM Cresgo Hearing Research Institute, the medication, called Oral Quell, is designed to be taken before a person is exposed to the loud noise. Until a decade ago, it was thought that noise damaged hearing by intense mechanical vibrations that destroyed delicate structures of the inner ear. There was no intervention to protect the inner ear other than reducing the intensity of sound reaching it, such as ear plugs which are not always effective. It was then discovered that noise caused intense metabolic activity in the inner ear and production of molecules that damage the inner ear cells. And that allows the discovery of intervention to prevent these effects.The laboratory research that led to a new understanding of mechanisms underlying noise-induced hearing loss was funded by NIH, the Preclinical Translation Research that led to the formulation of Oral Quell as effective preventative was funded by General Motors and the United Auto Workers. Now Oral Quell is being tested in a set of four multinational human clinical trials: military trials in Sweden and Spain, and industrial trials in Spain and the trial involving students at the University of Florida who listen to music at high volumes on their iPods and other PDAsQuestions:21. According to the talk, how many victims of hearing problem are there in the United States alone?22. Which did UM Cresgo Hearing Research Institute develop to prevent hearing loss?23. According to the latest findings, what does loud noise damage?24. According to the talk, who supported the lab research?25. Which of the following is not included as the multinational human clinical trials for Oral Quell?Passage TwoQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Catherine and other colleagues from Britain’s New Castle University combined data from 18 studies to look at the risk of abnormalities of babies whose mothers were obese or overweight.Obese women were nearly twice as likely to have a baby with neural tube defects which are caused by the incomplete development of the brain or spinal cord, the study found. For one such defect, spinal bifida (脊柱裂), the risk more than doubled. The researchers also detected increased chances of heart defect, cleft lip and palate, water on the brain (脑积水) and problems in the growth of arms and legs. The World Health Organization classifies around 400 million people around the world as obese, including 20 million under the age of 5, and the number is growing. Obesity raises the risks of diseases such as type II diabetes, heart problems and is a health concern piling pressure on an already overburdened national health system. Recent research has tight weight to other problems during pregnancy. A team from the Round Corporation Think Tank inCalifornia reported in 2008 that women who get pregnant after weight loss surgery tend to be healthier and less likely to deliver a baby born with complications compared to obese women. Further study may show how obesity may cause these problems, Juliet at New Castle University researcher who worked on the study said in a telephone interview. Women who are thinking about trying for a baby need to check their own weight first, and then think about seeking help if they are overweight.Questions:26. What is the talk mainly about?27. Babies whose mothers are obese may have increased chances of the following diseases except?28. According to the WHO, how many people are classified as obese around the world?29. Which of the following can be a suggestion for obese women who plan to have a baby?30. According to the talk, what may be the focus of further studies?。
医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练-第2期
医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练-第2期医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练-第2期在准备2010年博士研究生入学考试医学博士英语科目期间，我进行了一定的听力练习。
现将我所听过的一些听力材料拿出来与大家分享，希望对备考医学博士英语及对英语有兴趣的战友有所帮助。
下面先简要的介绍一下医学博士英语统一考试的听力部分（截止至2010年3月的信息，若有所变动的话，望各位站友指正）。
听力部分包括短对话和短文两部分：短对话共15道题，每题1分，共计15分；短文有3篇，通常由1篇长对话和2篇短文组成，每篇后附有5个问题，共15道题，每题1分，共计15分。
听力分值占整个试卷分值的30%，这充分反映了本考试对考生的英语应用和交际能力的高度重视，同时也对广大考生提出了一个严峻的挑战。
我个人认为，若想在英语考试中取得较为理想的成绩，听力部分的得分应不少于15分。
这就需要大家平时多做这方面的练习，多分析，多总结，在实践中提升自己的听力水平。
在此，本人在医学有声英语版块开展这个系列活动，希望能够起到一个抛砖引玉的作用。
望各位站友积极参加，同时也希望有这方面材料的站友参与活动的主持工作。
活动的听力材料来源于《医学博士英语统一考试听力全真训练》，大家可以参考这本书。
第2期活动，仍给出三篇短文的听力录音及问题选择项的文本部分。
望各位站友能按照正式考试的要求，一遍听过，并回答完相应的问题，这样才能了解自己的真实水平。
之后，可以反复多听几次，看看自己那些地方没听明白，那些问题答错了。
规则：1. 听录音，发答案的时间为每期活动开始后的2周内，逾期不给予加分奖励；2周后公布听力录音原文及参考答案并再讨论2周。
2. 答案发帖后请不要编辑，否则不予加分。
3. 答案正确率不低于50%的帖子将给予加分。
Passage 41. A. To find out how to prevent illness.B. To find out how to maintain a nutritious diet.C. To find out if she has the flu.D. To find out the results of a blood test.2. A. She gets ill at the same time every year.B. She doesn’t get enough exercise.C. She often has difficulty sleeping.D. She is sick with influenza throughout the winter.3. A. Cough, running nose. B. Fever, chills.C. DiarrheaD. Head-and-bone-aches.4. A. She is unwilling to be immunized. B. She doesn’t get enough rest.C. She forgets to take the medicine.D. She doesn’t dress warmly enough.5. A. Physical examinations are given free there.B. She can get an influenza vaccination there.C. She will be able to get a prescription for medication there.D. She will find literature on nutrition there.Passage 51. A. A pharmacist. B. A visitor.C. A physician.D. A dieter.2. A. Cough. B. Diarrhea.C. Headache.D. Stomach upset.3. A. Pain-killers. B. Cough syrup.C. Antidiarrheas.D. Indigestion tablets.4. A. The cold weather. B. Tiredness caused by traveling.C. The strange food he had eaten.D. The greasy food he had eaten.5. A. Take the medicine from the woman. B. Go to see a specialist.C. Stop eating and drinking for a few days.D. Stay in bed for a couple of days. Passage 61. A. The driver’s birthday. B. A working day.C. A holiday.D. April Fool’s day.2. A. He’ll take his revenge. B. He’ll be surprised.C. He’ll usually laugh.D. He’ll get angry.3. A. He turned to the passengers anxiously..B. He turned to the passengers with a smile.C. He turned to the passengers angrily.D. He turned to the passengers with a worried look.4. A. To stand up suddenly. B. To sit quietly.C. To get off the bus.D. To lean forward suddenly.5. A. The bus started up at great rate. B. The passengers laughed delightedly.C. The passengers got off.D. The passengers got angry.。
医学考博英语 听力原文 历年
医学考博英语听力原文历年The Medical Doctoral English Listening Test is a challenging examination that requires a high level of English proficiency. Many candidates find the listening section to be particularly difficult, as it requires not only a strong grasp of the language, but also the ability to comprehend complex medical terminology and concepts. This can be especially daunting for non-native English speakers, who may struggle to keep up with the rapid pace of the audio recordings and the specialized vocabulary used in medical contexts.One of the main challenges of the Medical Doctoral English Listening Test is the need to quickly and accurately understand spoken information. The test often includes recordings of lectures, discussions, and patient-doctor interactions, all of which require different listening skills. For example, candidates may need tofollow a detailed academic presentation on a medical topic, understand a conversation between healthcare professionalsdiscussing a patient's condition, or interpret a dialogue between a doctor and a patient. Each of these scenarios demands a different set of listening abilities, including the capacity to identify key points, understand nuanced language, and infer meaning from context.In addition to the linguistic demands of the test, candidates must also possess a strong foundation in medical knowledge and terminology. This is because the listening passages often cover a wide range of medical subjects, from anatomy and physiology to pharmacology and patient care. Understanding the specialized vocabulary and concepts related to these areas is crucial for accurately interpreting the information presented in the audio recordings. For non-native English speakers, this adds an extra layer of complexity to an already challenging task, as they must not only comprehend the English language, but also the medical content being discussed.Furthermore, the time constraints of the test can also pose a significant obstacle for many candidates. The listening section typically consists of a series ofrecordings, each followed by a set of questions that must be answered within a specific time frame. This means that candidates must not only understand the information being presented, but also do so quickly and efficiently in order to have enough time to answer the accompanying questions. For non-native English speakers, who may need extra time to process and comprehend the spoken language, this can be particularly challenging.Another aspect of the Medical Doctoral English Listening Test that many candidates find difficult is the need to maintain focus and concentration throughout the duration of the test. The listening section can be mentally taxing, as candidates are required to listen attentively to detailed and often complex information for an extended period of time. This can be especially challenging for those who struggle with attention or concentration, as well as for non-native English speakers who may find it more difficult to sustain their focus while listening in a second language.Finally, the pressure of the test itself can alsocontribute to the difficulty of the listening section. The Medical Doctoral English Listening Test is a high-stakes examination that can have a significant impact on a candidate's future career prospects. As a result, many candidates experience heightened anxiety and stress during the test, which can negatively affect their ability to perform well, particularly in a challenging section like the listening component. This is especially true for non-native English speakers, who may already feel additional pressure due to the language barrier.In conclusion, the Medical Doctoral English Listening Test presents a range of challenges for candidates, particularly non-native English speakers. From the need to quickly and accurately understand spoken information to the demand for a strong foundation in medical knowledge and terminology, the listening section requires a high level of linguistic and cognitive abilities. Additionally, the time constraints, the need for sustained focus, and the pressure of the test itself can further complicate the listening experience. As such, it is important for candidates to prepare thoroughly for this section of the examination, andto develop strategies for managing the various challenges it presents.。