高考英语语法专项复习--定语从句解析及突破课件(63张)
一、定语从句解析与突破
填适当的关系代词或关系副词. 1. The students ____ who are visiting the natural
museum are very interested in the dinosaurs. 2.The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _______ whom are women. whose 3.The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows into the sea. 4. The books which\that _____ I borrowed from the library was newly published. which students often study was 5.The library ________ on fire last night. when 6.I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park. why why 7.Can you tell me the reason _____you are late for school.
• 当表时间，地点，原因的名词，如day, time ,place factory, reason等作先行词， 在定语从句中作状语时，用where, when 和why 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或 宾语时，用that 或which.
• 2. Do you know the student who/that left a moment ago? • Do you know the student about whom he’s talking? • He’s the man (that/which/whom) you can depend on. • Do you know the student whose father is an engineer? • The train that/ which has just left is for Hong Kong.
• 关系代词引导定语从句修饰人并在 从句中作主语时用who/that, 在从 句中作宾语时用who, whom, that 或省略关系词，但在介词后只能用 whom 引导从句并修饰物时用 which 或that; 在从句中作定语指 人或物表“……的”时用whose.
• 3. This is the very magazine (that) I am after. • You can take any book you like.
• 1.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs. • A.while B. there C. then D. where • 2.The village has developed a lot________ we learned farming 2 years ago. • A. when B. which C. that D. where • 3.Do you have anything ________ you don’t understand ? • A. that B. which C. who D. where
•That 和 which 在引导定语从句指物时， 如果先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级例 时，或先行词本身是不定代词，如all, everything, nothing, none等时，或先行 词被the only, the very, just the , any 等 修饰时不用which 用that
where once worked. • This is the factory _______I that/which I’ve visited. • This is the factory_________ that/which always remember is • The day _________I Oct.1 when • The day _____Nanjing was liberated is Sep.11. • The reason ____he hasn’t come is that he has why been ill. Don’t believe the reason ________he gave you. that/which
考点一
关系代词，关系副词的理解和选择
• • • • • • • •
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 指时间 when 指原因 why 一.在从句开头引导定语从句。 二.替代先行词。且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时 可省（如引导词在从句中作宾语时） • 三.在定语从句中充当成分。
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• 4.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house_______ roof is under repair. • A. whose B. which C. of which D. that • 5.We’re just trying to reach a point_______ both sides will sit down together and talk. • A. where B. that C. when D. which • 6.I walked in our garden, _______Tom and Jim are trying a big sign onto one of the trees. • A. which B. when C. where D. that
填适当的关系代词或关系副词. 1. The students ____ who are visiting the natural
museum are very interested in the dinosaurs. 2.The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _______ whom are women. whose 3.The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows into the sea. 4. The books which\that _____ I borrowed from the library was newly published. which students often study was 5.The library ________ on fire last night. when 6.I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park. why why 7.Can you tell me the reason _____you are late for school.
• 当表时间，地点，原因的名词，如day, time ,place factory, reason等作先行词， 在定语从句中作状语时，用where, when 和why 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或 宾语时，用that 或which.
• 2. Do you know the student who/that left a moment ago? • Do you know the student about whom he’s talking? • He’s the man (that/which/whom) you can depend on. • Do you know the student whose father is an engineer? • The train that/ which has just left is for Hong Kong.
• 关系代词引导定语从句修饰人并在 从句中作主语时用who/that, 在从 句中作宾语时用who, whom, that 或省略关系词，但在介词后只能用 whom 引导从句并修饰物时用 which 或that; 在从句中作定语指 人或物表“……的”时用whose.
• 3. This is the very magazine (that) I am after. • You can take any book you like.
• 1.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs. • A.while B. there C. then D. where • 2.The village has developed a lot________ we learned farming 2 years ago. • A. when B. which C. that D. where • 3.Do you have anything ________ you don’t understand ? • A. that B. which C. who D. where
•That 和 which 在引导定语从句指物时， 如果先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级例 时，或先行词本身是不定代词，如all, everything, nothing, none等时，或先行 词被the only, the very, just the , any 等 修饰时不用which 用that
where once worked. • This is the factory _______I that/which I’ve visited. • This is the factory_________ that/which always remember is • The day _________I Oct.1 when • The day _____Nanjing was liberated is Sep.11. • The reason ____he hasn’t come is that he has why been ill. Don’t believe the reason ________he gave you. that/which
考点一
关系代词，关系副词的理解和选择
• • • • • • • •
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 指时间 when 指原因 why 一.在从句开头引导定语从句。 二.替代先行词。且先行词绝不可省，引导词有时 可省（如引导词在从句中作宾语时） • 三.在定语从句中充当成分。
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• 4.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house_______ roof is under repair. • A. whose B. which C. of which D. that • 5.We’re just trying to reach a point_______ both sides will sit down together and talk. • A. where B. that C. when D. which • 6.I walked in our garden, _______Tom and Jim are trying a big sign onto one of the trees. • A. which B. when C. where D. that
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全国高考英语总复习语法专项突破训练课件： 定语从句(共28张PPT)
全国高考英语总复习语法专项突破训练八、定语从句本讲目录语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关全国高考英语总复习语法专项突破训练全国高考英语总复习语法专项突破训练语法精讲考点整合考点一关系代词引导的定语从句经典品味1．(2012·高考江苏卷)After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，________ urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.A．which B．whoC．where D．what全国高考英语总复习语法专项突破训练解析：选B。
考查非限制性定语从句。
解答本题的关键是找准先行词。
靠近定语从句的是in that area，考生易错选C，但定语从句缺少的是主语，关系副词不能作主语，可排除。
what不能引导定语从句。
根据定语从句的urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive可知，需要干净的水、药品和避难所的是人(people)，而不是that area或flooding，所以先行词为人，A项也可排除，故选B。
2．(2011·高考四川卷)The school shop，________ customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.A．which B．whoseC．when D．where解析：选B。
句意：这家校内商店放假时关门，它的顾客主要是学生。
考查定语从句。
本句没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故可判断逗号后面是非限制性定语从句；本句先行词是the school shop，还原到从句后为：The school shop’s customers are mainly students.因此选B，用whose引导定语从句，关系代词whose在从句中作定语。
最新高考英语语法专项复习突破课件： 定语从句 (共56张PPT)
决定。[四川]
分考点3 Point 2
关系代词as和which的区 别
as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，as引导的从句主要起承接上文的 作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意 为“正如”；which意为“这一点”，引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列 句，补充说明事物的状态或结果。 · As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health. 正如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。 · He was always late, which made his teacher very angry.
分考点2
关系代词that和which的特殊用 法
(7)有两个定语从句时，如果一个从句用which引导，则另一个 从句用that引导。 · They built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 他们建了一个工厂，这个工厂生产的东西人们以前从未见过。
和她一起走进大厅的那位男子是她的丈夫。
分考点4 “介词+关系代词”的用法
特别注意
(1)在限制性定语从句中，若介词不提前，位于定语从句的末尾时，引 导词that/which/who/whom作介词的宾语时可以省略。 · This is the boy (that/whom/who) his parents are proud of. 这就是父母引以为豪的那个男孩。 · This is the pen (that/which) I wrote my homework with.
分考点2 Point 2
关系代词that和which的特殊用 法
当先行词指物时，定语从句中关系代词只用 which不用 that 的情况
高三英语语法总复习――定语从句PPT课件
n
6
在定语从句中作方式状语的关 系副词常被省略如:
• This is the way (how) he worked out the problem.
7
n 介词如果在定语从句的句 首时,作宾语的关系代词只能用 whom, which且不可省略
如: The man with whom you shook hands just now is the head of our department. =The man whom you shook hands with just now is the head of our department. This is the book to which I referred in my talk. =This is the book (which) I referred to in my talk.
10
• n which在所引导的非限制性定语从句，有 时可以修饰整个主句即代替主句的意义。
– The examination has been put off，which is what we want.考试被推迟了，这正是我们希望的。
– Mary was late again ,which made her teacher angry. 玛丽又迟到了，这使她的老师非常生气。
one等修饰时
The only furniture (that) he had in the room
was a chair and a small desk. There is little
time that we can use.
(3) 先行词是不定代词some, all,
anything,little,much,something,everything,noth
6
在定语从句中作方式状语的关 系副词常被省略如:
• This is the way (how) he worked out the problem.
7
n 介词如果在定语从句的句 首时,作宾语的关系代词只能用 whom, which且不可省略
如: The man with whom you shook hands just now is the head of our department. =The man whom you shook hands with just now is the head of our department. This is the book to which I referred in my talk. =This is the book (which) I referred to in my talk.
10
• n which在所引导的非限制性定语从句，有 时可以修饰整个主句即代替主句的意义。
– The examination has been put off，which is what we want.考试被推迟了，这正是我们希望的。
– Mary was late again ,which made her teacher angry. 玛丽又迟到了，这使她的老师非常生气。
one等修饰时
The only furniture (that) he had in the room
was a chair and a small desk. There is little
time that we can use.
(3) 先行词是不定代词some, all,
anything,little,much,something,everything,noth
高考高三英语一轮复习定语从句讲解课件
fighting against NCP.
➢ 构成要素 名词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的
代词
或
关系词：分为 关系代词 和 关系副词
从句：一般紧跟在
名词—/代—词
的后面。
➢ 结构： 先行 词+ 关系 词+从句
➢ 分类：限定性定语从句 和 非限制性定语从句
2. 关系代词与关系副词
指代人 who, whom, that, as 关
关 指代事物 which, that, as 系 所属关系 whose
系 代
词 指地点 where 关
词
指时间 when 系
指原因 why
副
词
定语从句构成要素：先行词+关系词+从句
关系词小结
关系词
指代
在从句中充当成分
关系代词 关系副词
that which who whom whose
as when where why
2. Children who are not active or ___ diet is high in fat will
gain weight quickly.
A. what
B. whose
C. which
D. that
1. I live next door to a couple children often make a
定语从句解题步骤： 1. 区分__主__句__和__从__句__ 2. 确定___先__行__词_____ 3.判断先行词指人还是物，且判断从句缺
语法成分吗？（做主语、宾语或状语）
关系代词 关系副词
10
1.Re确ad定, 主tr从an句sla2te. 找an出d 先an行aly词se
高三英语一轮复习：高中语法重难点突破定语从句专题课件
as & which引导非限制性定语从句
① 位置的不同
which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的句子后；as 位置较灵活，也就是说 as 可置于所限 制的句子前面、插在句子中或放在句子后。如： He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. Jack, as you know, is an honest man. = Jack is an honest man, as you know. = As you know, Jack is an honest man.
关系代词as引导的定语从句
as引导定语，在句中充当主语或宾语。
①若为限制性定语从句，as多用于the same…as; the same as; such…as…; as many/much as; so…as等结构中。 I have the same book as you (have). Here is so big stone as no one can lift. (注意此结构的定语从句与结果状语从句so…that…区分) 比较：Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it. (结果状语从句) ②若为非限制性定语从句，as常常单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句 中或句尾，译为“正如”“这一点”。(动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.) He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. (as作宾语，先行词是前面整个句子)
③ 先行词的不同
as引导非限制性定语从句时，其先行词多为一个句子；which引导非限制性定语从句时， 其先行词可以是一个词，一个短语或一个句子。 as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动 词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。 He was proud, which his brother never was. (先行词是一个词) She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. He was proud, which I dislike very much. (先行词是一个句子) He is an honest man, as is known to all. He was a foreigner, as I know from his accent.
高三英语二轮复习重难点语法之定语从句讲解课件(共58张PPT)
高三英语二轮复习重难点语法之定语从句讲解课件(共58张PPT)(共58张PPT)定语从句概念定语可以是形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语和句子，定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。
P86概念I admire Zhong Nanshan [who is devoted himself to medicine in China].先行词关系词定语从句一．关系词定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
1.who/whom，两者都指人，who可以做定语从句的主语和宾语，而whom作宾语。
大部分情况whom可以用who代替，但是从句作介词宾语，且直接跟在介词后面，只能用whom。
P123-1关系代词：He is the man who lives next door.Some people who are successful language learnersoften fail in other fields.Yesterday I came across the man about whom youtalked last time.常用介词：of,on,at, from, with, in, for1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. when2.whose一般指人，但有时也指物，在定语从句中做定语。
指物时，whose+名词= 限定词+名词+of which或者of which+限定词+名词Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellentPlease pass me the book whose cover is green.= Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellowA. thatB. whichC. itsD. whose3.which一般指物，作定语从句的主语、宾语等The train which has just left is for Hangzhou.2. Tom did not take away the camera although it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. as4.that可指人，也可指物，指人可以与who/whom互换，指物可以与which互换。
高考英语一轮复习 定语从句课件
原因词
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
注意： ① 一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。 ② what 不能引导定语从句, 但能引导名词性从句。 ③ that不可引导非限制性定语从句。 ④被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。 ⑤关系代词that不能作介词的宾语。
二. 定语从句中的重点, 难点, 易混点和高考中的考点
A
D
高 考 衔 接
4.定语从句与强调句型及其它复合句的结合
It is John who runs a website where he encourages people to protect the environment. The village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what is now part of Hubei Province.BFra bibliotek高 考 衔 接
3. 几个特殊先行词后的定语从句:
① reason 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用 why 引导, 如果缺少主 语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ② the way 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用that\in which 引导, 也可以省略, 如果 缺少主语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ③ situation\ case\ point\ spot\ scene 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语, 则用 where 引导。 ④ occasion 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用 when 引导。
高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件
一. 定语从句的基本知识
定义： 修饰\限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为:“……的”。 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。 位置： 放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。 关系词：定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类，但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。 关系词之间的区别请看下面两幅图。
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
注意： ① 一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。 ② what 不能引导定语从句, 但能引导名词性从句。 ③ that不可引导非限制性定语从句。 ④被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。 ⑤关系代词that不能作介词的宾语。
二. 定语从句中的重点, 难点, 易混点和高考中的考点
A
D
高 考 衔 接
4.定语从句与强调句型及其它复合句的结合
It is John who runs a website where he encourages people to protect the environment. The village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what is now part of Hubei Province.BFra bibliotek高 考 衔 接
3. 几个特殊先行词后的定语从句:
① reason 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用 why 引导, 如果缺少主 语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ② the way 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用that\in which 引导, 也可以省略, 如果 缺少主语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ③ situation\ case\ point\ spot\ scene 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语, 则用 where 引导。 ④ occasion 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用 when 引导。
高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件
一. 定语从句的基本知识
定义： 修饰\限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为:“……的”。 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。 位置： 放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。 关系词：定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类，但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。 关系词之间的区别请看下面两幅图。
高三英语一轮复习定语从句讲解课件
The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam.
主句主语 从句主语 从句谓语结构 主句谓语结构
Attributive clause:
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词 或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句， 因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
⑦ 当关系代词在从句中作表语时：
Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. China is no longer the country that it used to be.
➢ 不用that的情况：
（1）当先行词为those (那些人), one, anyone, nobody，somebody, someone, everybody等指人的不定代词时，用who。 The one who knows me well is Tom.
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说 明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
in which
which
The house __t_h_a_t _ (t_h_e_y b_u__ilt in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.
/
who
Luckily none of the people _w_h__o_m( _I k_n_o_w_ ) were killed in the
高考英语语法定语从句ppt课件完美版
关系词在定语从句中充当成分
Who/whom指人，在从句中作主语或宾语Which指物(含时间，地点)，在从句中作主语或宾语That 指人或物(含时间，地点)，在从句中作主语或宾语Whose指某人的或某物的，在从句中作定语When指在某个时间，在从句中作时间状语Where指在某地，在从句中作地点状语Why指原因，在从句中原因状语
B. asE. B & C
** Which和as的区别
1. The sun heats the earth, C is very important to us.
2. He failed in the exam, B
The same as和the same that
A. thatD. it
辨别句型:
谢谢
•• 1.学习可以彻底的改变自己，即使失去原来改变的条件，人也不会退回到原来的样子，因为经过“輮”。人已经脱离一个旧我，变成一个新我.•• 2.这一段介绍了怎样学习，也就是学习的要素。荀子认为积累是学习的第一要素，也是学习的根本。学习可以达到奇妙的效果，可以“兴风雨”“生蛟龙”。“神明自得，圣心备焉”从人的角度，来说学习的效果。接着运用正反对比的手法来说明积累的效果，体现了荀子文章说理的生动性。•• 3.家庭在西洋是一种界限分明的团体。在英美，家庭包括他和他的妻以及未成年的孩子。而在我们中国“家里的”可以指自己的太太一个人，“家门”可以指叔伯侄子一大批，“自家人”可以包罗任何要拉入自己的圈子，表示亲热的人物。•• 4.这表示了我们的社会结构本身和西洋的不 同，我们的格局不是一捆一捆扎清楚的柴，而是好像把一块石头丢在水面上所发生的一圈圈推出去的波纹，愈推愈远，愈推愈薄。每个人都是他社会影响所推出去的圈子的中心。被圈子的波纹所推及的就发生联系。•• 5.在乡土社会里，地缘关系也是如此。每一家以自己的地位做中心，周围划出一个圈子，个圈子是“街坊”。可是 这不是一个固定的团体，而是一个范围。范围的大小也要依着中心的势力厚薄而定。•• 6.在这种富于伸缩性的网络里，随时随地是有一个“己” 作中心的。这并不是个人主义，而是自我主义。在个人主义下，一方面是平等观念，指在同一团体中各分子的地位相等，个人不能侵犯大家的权利；一方面是宪法观念，指团体不能抹煞个人，只能在个人们所愿意交出的一分权利上控制个人。•• 7.“画竹”是本文的线索，本文记述文与可画竹的情形，以充满感情的笔触回忆两人的交往，以及文与可死 后自己的悲慨，又从文与可的创作经验中总结出艺术创作的规律，熔叙事、抒情、议论于一炉。•• 8.总之，说明文中使用生动活泼的语言，不仅能增强文章内容表达上的形象性、可感性和文学色彩， 使读者获得不同程度的美感体验，受到美的陶冶，还有助于加深读者对说明内容的理解，增知益智。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习定语从句讲解优质课件ppt
b. 关系副词：when, where, why, that
【注意】在定语从句中，when 替代表时间的先行词， 在从句中作时间状语。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
定语从句 Attributive Clause
B. when; when
C. that; which
D. when; that
my father left for D
【解析】第一个空先行词为day，空格在从句中作时间状语，故选 when引导后面的定语从句；第二个空先行词为day，空格在从句中 作forget的宾语，故用that引导定语从句。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
定语从句 Attributive Clause
• 先行词 • 引导词
• 关系代词 • 关系副词 • 介词+关系代词 • 非限制性定语从句
定语从句 Attributive Clause
定语从句 (Attributive Clause) 指在复合句中充当定语的从句 (1) 作用：作定语修饰主句的先行词（某个名词性成分）。 (2) 位置：定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 优质课 件ppt
模拟题解析
I was greatly shocked by the way
there.
A. how
B. that C. as
B things were done D. which
【注意】在定语从句中，when 替代表时间的先行词， 在从句中作时间状语。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
定语从句 Attributive Clause
B. when; when
C. that; which
D. when; that
my father left for D
【解析】第一个空先行词为day，空格在从句中作时间状语，故选 when引导后面的定语从句；第二个空先行词为day，空格在从句中 作forget的宾语，故用that引导定语从句。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
定语从句 Attributive Clause
• 先行词 • 引导词
• 关系代词 • 关系副词 • 介词+关系代词 • 非限制性定语从句
定语从句 Attributive Clause
定语从句 (Attributive Clause) 指在复合句中充当定语的从句 (1) 作用：作定语修饰主句的先行词（某个名词性成分）。 (2) 位置：定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲解 优质课 件ppt
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习 定语从 句讲ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 优质课 件ppt
模拟题解析
I was greatly shocked by the way
there.
A. how
B. that C. as
B things were done D. which