(全英文论文)分析海明威老人与海的英雄主义
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二、原创论文参考题目1、(英语毕业论文)《红字》中女权主义意识探析（开题报告+论文）2、(英语毕业论文)多媒体技术在早期英语教育中的应用3、(英语毕业论文)从文化差异角度谈国际商务谈判中的语言技巧4、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我5、(英语毕业论文)一个女性的悲剧—从人性角度浅析苔丝的悲剧6、(英语毕业论文)网络流行语翻译评析——“神马都是浮云”个案分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）7、(英语毕业论文)论格列佛人物形象在《格列佛游记》中所起的讽刺效果（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）8、(英语毕业论文)《老人与海》的象征意义分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）9、(英语毕业论文)Study on Translation of Long Sentences in Literature Works10、(英语毕业论文)Feminist Consciousness Shown on Scarlett O'Hara Impacts upon Today's Female11、(英语毕业论文)跨文化视角视阈下英语电影片名的翻译研究12、(英语毕业论文)The Loss and Gain in Classical Chinese Poetry Translation13、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我14、(英语毕业论文)英语专业本科毕业论文摘要的体裁分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）15、(英语毕业论文)论双性同体理论下的《达洛卫夫人》（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）16、(英语毕业论文)从《狼图腾》和《野性的呼唤》中狼的意象比较中西方生态意识（开题报告+论文）17、(英语毕业论文)问题类型对TEM阅读成绩影响的实证研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）18、(英语毕业论文)隐喻在英语委婉语中的应用19、(英语毕业论文)论《追风筝的人》中“风筝”的象征意义(开题报告+论文)20、(英语毕业论文)英汉形状类量词的隐喻认知分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）21、(英语系经贸英语)电子商务bc运营模式——以亚马逊为例22、(英语毕业论文)Biblical Ideas on Women and Sex23、(英语毕业论文)Symbolism in The Catcher in the Rye24、(英语毕业论文)Study on Characteristics of American Black English from Social Perspectives（开题报告+论文+文献综述）25、(英语毕业论文)从《推手》看中美文化差异对家庭关系的影响（开题报告+论文+文献综述）26、(英语毕业论文)大学英语电影教学现状及对策分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）27、(英语毕业论文)凯瑟琳•曼斯菲尔德《苍蝇》反映的人性创伤分析（开题报告+论文）28、(英语毕业论文)商务英语交流中委婉语的语用功能研究（开题报告+论文）29、(英语毕业论文)Translation of Advertising Slogans from Newmark’s Communicative Theory（开题报告+论文+文献综述）30、(英语毕业论文)翻译的对等性研究及其应用（开题报告+论文）31、(英语毕业论文)魔幻现实主义在《所罗门之歌》中的应用32、(英语毕业论文)翻译美学理论下的唐诗英译意境美研究（开题报告+论文）33、(英语毕业论文)中美隐私观的跨文化视角分析（开题报告+论文）34、(英语毕业论文)A Study on the Translation of News Headlines from English Into Chinese35、(英语毕业论文)中医在英语世界的翻译与传播：过去与现在36、(英语毕业论文)Problems Occured in the Process of the Chinese Learning English and Its Possible Solution37、(英语毕业论文)从目的论角度分析中西方商业广告语的差异38、(英语毕业论文)The Developments of Marriage View over Three Periods in theWest39、(英语毕业论文)译员主体性在歌曲《我有个梦》歌词翻译中的体现（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）40、(英语毕业论文)象征主义视角下《致海伦》中的意象美41、(英语毕业论文)论接受理论对儿童文学作品的影响——以《快乐王子》中译本为例（开题报告+论文）42、(英语毕业论文)清教思想在《失乐园》中的体现43、(英语毕业论文)Effects of First Person Narration on Thematic Expression in Araby44、(英语毕业论文)《宠儿》的黑人女性主义解读（开题报告+论）45、(英语毕业论文)对《红字》中完美人性的求索－－浅析海斯特与丁梅斯代尔的自我思想较量与精神升华46、(英语毕业论文)A Study of the Characters and Their Influence on the Hero of The Catcher in the Rye47、(英语毕业论文)论初中生英语学习资源策略培养（开题报告+论文+文献综述）48、(英语毕业论文)The Use of Body Language in Teaching49、(英语毕业论文)中餐菜名的英译与饮食文化传播（开题报告+论文）50、(英语毕业论文)关键词法在英语词汇学习中的效果研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）51、(英语毕业论文)论《小妇人》中的家庭教育问题52、(英语毕业论文)An Analysis of Fagin in Oliver Twist53、(英语毕业论文)《人性的污点》中主要人物的悲剧命运与社会原因的分析54、(英语毕业论文)论《杀死一只知更鸟》中的象征55、(英语毕业论文)对《老人与海》中主人公的性格分析（开题报告+论文）56、(英语毕业论文)《周六夜现场》的幽默剖析57、(英语毕业论文)《七宗罪》的人性解剖（开题报告+论文+文献综述）58、(英语毕业论文)旅游英语翻译方法59、(英语毕业论文)跨文化交际中的语用失误分析及策略研究（开题报告+论文）60、(英语毕业论文)从功能对等理论看《哈利波特》小说中魔法生物名的翻译（开题报告+论文+文献综述）61、(英语毕业论文)从唐诗不同译本看数字词汇翻译得与失62、(英语毕业论文)分析《玫瑰色茶杯》中的女性主义63、(英语毕业论文)通过《推销员之死》探究现代人生存困境问题64、(英语毕业论文)The Interpretation to Captain Ahab in Moby Dick through Abnormal Psychology65、(英语毕业论文)意译在广告英语翻译中的重要性探析（开题报告+论文）66、(英语毕业论文)从Salsa舞解析墨西哥人的性格（开题报告+论文）67、(英语毕业论文)礼貌原则视角下奥巴马演讲技巧的分析（开题报告+论文）68、(英语毕业论文)The Inconsistencies between Margaret Mitchell’s Gone with the Wind and Alexandra Ripley’s Scarlett69、(英语毕业论文)论《牧师的黑面纱》中的宗教讽刺70、(英语毕业论文)对非英语专业大学生英语自主学习能力的调查（开题报告+论文+文献综述）71、(英语毕业论文)中美商务英语信函的对比研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述）72、(英语毕业论文)从女性主义视角解读《飘》中斯嘉丽•奥哈拉的性格特征（开题报告+论文）73、(英语毕业论文)少儿英语学习中的情感因素分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）74、(英语毕业论文)General Principles and Features of Legal English Translation75、(英语毕业论文)哥特元素在《宠儿》中的运用（开题报告+论文）76、(英语毕业论文)从目的论角度研究法国香水网络广告语的汉译本的语言特征77、(英语毕业论文)英汉视觉动词概念隐喻的对比研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）78、(英语毕业论文)A Comparative Study of Feminism in Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights（开题报告+论文+文献综述）79、(英语毕业论文)功能对等视角下记者招待会古诗词翻译策略研究（开题报告+论文）80、(英语毕业论文)儿童语言习得关键期假说的教育语言学重估（开题报告+论文）81、(英语毕业论文)从《红楼梦》两个译本论归化翻译和异化翻译（开题报告+论文+文献综述）82、(英语毕业论文)《尤利西斯》与《春之声》中意识流手法的不同83、(英语毕业论文)分析《悲惨世界》中冉•阿让的人物形象84、(英语毕业论文)《红楼梦》两个英译本（杨译本和霍译本）诗词翻译对比赏析85、(英语毕业论文)A Comparative Study on Gratitude Expressing Approaches of Chinese and Western Relatives(开题报告+论文+文献综述)86、(英语毕业论文)《白鲸》主人公亚哈的悲剧性格分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）87、(英语毕业论文)The Use of Body Language in Teaching88、89、(英语毕业论文)《雾都孤儿》中的善与恶（开题报告+论文+文献综述）90、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我91、(英语毕业论文)中国英语与中式英语的对比研究——从英汉民族思维差异的角度92、(英语毕业论文)《鲁滨逊漂流记》“星期五”被殖民化分析（开题报告+论文）93、(英语毕业论文)英汉委婉语跨文化对比研究（开题报告+论文）94、(英语毕业论文)A Study on the Characteristics and Functions of English Euphemism（开题报告+论文+文献综述）95、(英语毕业论文)英语国家姓氏文化研究96、(英语毕业论文)从时代背景看《唐璜》中个人主义到人道主义的升华97、(英语毕业论文)Study on Translation Methods of Colour Words in Chinese and English Literary Works98、(英语毕业论文)英汉习语翻译中文化意象的转换（开题报告+论文+文献综述）99、(英语毕业论文)超越和世俗——对《月亮和六便士》中Strickland和Stroeve的对比分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）100、(英语毕业论文)中西方悲剧爱情故事折射出的文化差异—《穆斯林的葬礼》与《荆棘鸟》之比较（开题报告+论文+文献综述）101、(英语毕业论文)浅析小说《教父》中教父的心理转变及其成因（开题报告+论文+文献综述）102、(英语毕业论文)从目的论的角度比较研究《茶馆》的两个英文译本（开题报告+论文）103、(英语毕业论文)从《厄舍古屋的倒塌》看爱伦坡写作的哥特式风格（开题报告+论文）104、(英语毕业论文)中小学英语词汇教学法探讨105、(英语毕业论文)论《宠儿》中的美国黑人女性的悲剧成长（开题报告+论文+文献综述）106、(英语毕业论文)《蝇王》中的象征（开题报告+论文+文献综述）107、(英语毕业论文)文化交际视野下的语用失误分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）108、(英语毕业论文)浅析澳洲英语词汇文化的特色（开题报告+论文）109、(英语毕业论文)析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿•考尔菲德的性格特征（开题报告+论文+文献综述）110、(英语毕业论文)浅论《黑天鹅》电影的象征手法运用（开题报告+论文）111、(英语毕业论文)从文化差异透视女性的不同命运—薛宝钗与韩美兰对比研究112、(英语毕业论文)解析电影《黑暗骑士》中的美国个人英雄主义(开题报告+论文) 113、(英语毕业论文)女性主义视角下《傲慢与偏见》的情态意义解读114、(英语毕业论文)英语动结式V+PP的语义整合研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）115、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我116、(英语毕业论文)迷失的童年——从成长小说的角度解读伊恩•麦克尤恩的《蝴蝶》（开题报告+论文+文献综述）117、(英语毕业论文)On Dual Personality in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde from the Perspective of Freud's Psychoanalytic 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浅析老人与海中的英雄主义
2.1.2Characteristics shared with other Hemingway heroes……………………...4
2.1.3The special characteristics of the old man……………………………….....4
2.2How the work exemplifies the Hemingway Code…............................................6
2.2.1The fight between the old man and nature…………………………….........6
1.2Social background of the work…………………….……………….…….......….1
1.3Literary status of the work…………………….……………………….……...…2
1.4Purpose of the research………….……………………………………………….3
关键词：英雄主义；海明威式英雄主义；战斗；大自然；命运
On the Heroism inThe Old Man and the Sea
Abstract
Ernest Hemingway,famousAmerican novelist and short-story writer, is the remarkable representative of the Lost Generation and the sixth NobelPrize Winner for literature. The novelThe Old Man and theSeawascreated by Hemingway in his later years and is one of the representatives of his works. It meanly tells an experience of fishing of the old man Santiago. Hemingway is well known for profiling Hemingway Code Heroes. The old man Santiago in the novel is also a typical Hemingway Code hero. In this report we will focus on analyzing how the author presents heroism inThe Old Man and the Sea.That’s the exact purpose of this research. First, I will interpret heroism of Santiago through the old man’s fight with the nature, the fate as well as himself. Then, compare the typical Hemingway Code Hero with Santiago and see the common and the difference. Third, analyze the heroism of Santiago in other images. Finally, we will discuss whether the heroism of the old man has practical significance in the modern age. This paper will take a deep research on the heroism of Santiago in the novelThe Old Man and the Sea.
老人与海英文版6篇
老人与海英文版6篇一：[老人与海英文版]The Old Man and the Sea_老人与海英语读后感500字Read the "old man and the sea", I was optimistic about the hero, brave and persistent "tough guy" image attracted deeply.The hero Santiago is a "bad luck" for the elderly, for 84 consecutive days did not catch fish, the sea for eighty-fifth days, after two days and nights of fighting, finally captured the big marlin a more than 1500 pound. However, the weather is unpredictable, on the voyage home, repeatedly attacked by a shark, the old man and the shark put up a good fight, the big marlin was eaten by a shark, a fish skeleton old man finally dragged home only a bare. During this time, the old man, with extraordinary courage and amazing perseverance, endured the unbearable loneliness, hunger, fatigue, and pain, which surpassed the limits of man again and again. But we do not see a drop of loser"s tears, but clearly see the failure of the strong smile, he is a tough guy, is a hero who has failed.This is a lonely journey, a man rowing a boat slowly towards the sea, was dragging a big fish without direction in the diffuse, complex ocean currents that floated around, frightening disorientation, like a person in the night in the forest to find a way out, only the elderly and self dialogue, and dialogue and fish. The sea of dialogue.Read in the big fish in a group of sharks smell blood, scramble to snatch a tour, the old man"s left hand just in cramp, he could only use the right hand, with sticks, swordfish caught in the mouth andall can be used to attack weapons of self-defense, and ultimately get rid of the sharks. But the flesh of the big fish has been eaten more than half, and the old man also humorously criticized his left hand, "when the work is resting", I was also impressed by the optimism of the elderly. In life, some losses are inevitable, we should be optimistic attitude to treat, not haggle over every ounce.Finally, the novel, with a young man, saw the old fisherman measuring the eighteen feet long marlin, describing the size of the fish again, indicating the difficulties the old fisherman had overcome.The novel praised the old fisherman dauntless struggle spirit, we will be like him, not satisfied with the status quo, application tendency, do anything to be unremittingly, encounter difficulties to the difficulties, never give up halfway. Only in this way can we achieve greater success and success.二：[老人与海英文版]《老人与海》读后感500字《老人与海》读后感500字美国小说家海明威凭借《老人与海》这本轰动一时的书，获得该年度普利策文学奖，两年后继而获得诺贝尔文学奖。
老人与海的硬汉精神英语论文
The “Masculine Spirit” of The Old Man And The Sea1111121-07 陈韫琪The old man and the sea is one of Hemingway’s enduring works. It is a short novel, a fable of a kind, about an old Cuban fisherman Santiago’s journey, and his long and lonely battle with a great marlin and the sea, and his victory in defeat.Ⅰ.The unyielding spirit in struggling against the big marlin and the sharksSantiago is characterized as someone struggling against defeat in his mind, he thinks “man is not made for defeat a man can be destroyed but not defeated”. So the fisherman faces the big marlin, he decides to catch the big fish at any cost, finally the old fisherman catches the big marlin. Therefore, he becomes a true hero. Although these sharks finally devour the marlin’s precious part, the old fisherman brings the marlin’s skeleton. No matter what the result is, we have the pride to see the old man’s unyielding spirit. It is the conscious decision to act, to fight, never to give up any hope that enables Santiago to stave off the defeat.Ⅱ.The spirit “pride as source of greatness and determinationIn the antique novel, there are many heroes who are similar to Santiago in will power. In addition to firm will power, amazing braveryand moral certainty, these heroes usually possess a tragic flaw or a quality. Though the quality has a certain flaw, it leads the old fisherman Santiago, to get the success. While it is certainly true that Santiago’s eighty four days run of bad luck is an affront as an old fisherman and his self-respect is deeply hurt. In order to prove his skills, he has to sail to the further sea area. As his brain full of the pride, the old fisherman meets the big marlin.Ⅲ.The firm faith and optimistic spiritI think the process of the fishing is somewhat similar to the life. Santiago faces the vast sea and these fierce sharks, he has not any fear. In his heart, he has a firm faith- I must catch a big fish. Compared with nature, human beings are rather insignificant and fragile. But the old fisherman Santiago, faces the vast sea and the hateful sharks, he has a firm faith “Just then, watching his lines, he saw one of the projecting green sticks dip sharply” “This far out, he must be huge in this month, he thought”these words reflects the old fisherman’s strong desire. In addition, these words in the novel “the old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheek. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep creased scars from handling heavy fish on thecords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert”. Through the description of the old fisherman’s portrait, we know the old fisherman is an old man. He fights against these hateful sharks in his mind, not being afraid of these sharks, only an unflagging spirit and firm faith.In the life of the old man, he hardly has enough food to live off. He has to lead a poverty stricken life, he holds a kind of optimistic spirit. In the mean time, eighty four days passed, the old fisherman had not caught any fish, his life will become more and more hard, but he has not given up the hope that he must catch a big fish. Just before night fall, a dolphin takes the second bait Santiago had dropped. These words show that the old man has an optimistic spirit because he dreams the lions, which are playing. The lions illustrate Santiago has a longing for the perfect future.As Santiago insists that he should sail out farther sea area than ever, the fact he has to meet with his destruction, because the marlin is linkedto Santiago, the marlin’s death foreshadow s Santiago’s own destruction by the sharks. But the old man, Santiago, who gets the satisfaction of the spirit that is a circularity of life. That is also a kind of success. If we meet with these difficulties from our life or work, even though we has no gains. We must learn a way of meeting difficulties. To us, we must learn the old fisherman’s spirit bravery, firm faith, optimistic psychology. If we can learn from the old fisherman’s spirit, we have not any fear to accept achallenge. We are full of confidence. We can accept every defeat or success from our work, life, or study. In our hearts, we must remember the statement “A man can be destroyed but no t defeated.”。
老人与海的意义英文作文
老人与海的意义英文作文The Old Man and the Sea is a classic novel written by American author Ernest Hemingway, which tells the story of an aging Cuban fisherman named Santiago who goes on a long, arduous struggle with a giant marlin in the Gulf Stream. 老人与海是美国作家欧内斯特·海明威写的一部经典小说，讲述了古巴老渔民桑地亚哥与墨西哥湾的一条巨大马林鱼进行激烈斗争的长篇故事。
From a literary perspective, The Old Man and the Sea can be seen as a timeless allegory of human struggle, persistence, and the indomitable spirit of man. 从文学角度来看，老人与海可以被视为一个永恒的寓言，它讲述了人类挣扎、坚持以及不屈不挠的精神。
The novel delves into the themes of man versus nature, the individual against the elements, and the triumph of the human spirit in the face of adversity. 小说深入探讨了人与自然的主题、个体与环境的对抗以及人类精神在逆境中的胜利。
Santiago's epic battle with the marlin is symbolic of the human struggle for purpose and meaning in life, as well as the relentlesspursuit of one's dreams despite insurmountable odds. 桑地亚哥与马林鱼的史诗般的战斗象征着人类对生活意义和目的的挣扎，也象征着在不可逾越的困难中对梦想的不懈追求。
英文版“老人与海”的英雄特征分析
An Analysis of the Heroic Characteristics in "The Old Man And The Sea"ABSTRACTHemingway was one of the most famous novelists in America. He created a perfect image of Code Hero: Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the most influential and far-reaching novels of the literary treasure of the world. It’s so widely-read that people consider that “Whatever there is an intellectual, people know Hemingway and nobody knows Hemingway without knowing his works The Old Man and the Sea”. Why the novel is so widely read? Why is it so influential and why is it so loved by the people of different colors and different nations? Surely many factors may contribute to the success of the novel. But the main factor, no doubt, is the touching and unforgettable portrait of the immortal artistic figure, Santiago, a representative of Code Hero.In the introduction of the essay, I will make a brief description about the contents of this novel and point out the main idea of the novel. The content of the essay is to analyze the characteristics of Code Hero. And then I will set out framework of the essay. The first part of the body is the background information. Through the introduction to Hemingway’s legend life, we find some common points between the author and the old man, and the most familiar point is that both of them have the spirit of Code Hero. In the second part of the body, I will portray the process of his catching Marlin and fighting with the sharks. Then I will analyses the spirit of Code Hero. The spirit is concentrated on four areas: First, never give up hopes in any difficult conditions; secondly, keep daring spirit and never admit defeat in the process of fighting; thirdly, behave heroically in the actual battle; and last, endure the loneliness in the long process of the fighting. The last part of the essay is the conclusion. This paper will analyze the image of the old man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero, and advocate the spirit of never giving up.KEY WORDS：The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway, Code Hero, SantiagoOUTLINEAbstractIntroductionI.Background Information1.1 The introduction to the author1.2 The introduction to the novel backgroundII.The Introduction to The Old Man and the SeaIII. The study of the heroic characteristics3.1 Everlasting hope for the future3.2 Unyielding spirit for facing the challenge3.3 Heroic behavior in the actual battleConclusionIntroductionThe Old Man and the Sea was published in 1952 and was one of Hemingway’s most successful novels which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.The novel writes a very simple story which chronicles the adventure of Santiago, based on a true story of a Cuba fisherman. After eighty-four days without catching a fish, Santiago, an old Cuban hooks a giant fish. For two days and two nights the old man holds on while the fish pulls him further and further. Finally he kills the fish and ties it to his skiff. Almost at once, brutal sharks begin to take his price away. He struggles against the sharks with the harpoon, the oar, the knife, the short club. The sharks eat all but the bones of the fish. Half dead with exhaustion, he brings the skeleton home and makes his way to bed and dreams of his golden time.In the novel, Hemingway creates an immortal artistic figure, Santiago, a representative of Code Hero. Santiago is a poor fisherman who lives alone and has finally lost all will to live. Every day is the same dull, monotonous routine. His wife had died; his only comfort is a boy.The chief point about Santiago is that he behaves perfectly and honorably, with great courage and endurance. While losing to the sharks the giant fish he has caught, he comes with the message that while man may grow old, and be wholly down on his luck, he can still dare to stick to the rules, persist when he is destroyed, and thus by the manner of his losing to win his victory. I also want to point out that the novel not only describes the fight between human and nature and fate but also indicates Hemingway’s Code Hero getting to its summit. Although the old man in the novel is weak and in the grim fate of pressure, he also shows the spirit of Code Hero.This paper will analyze the image of the old man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero, and advocate the spirit of never giving up.I.Background Information1.1 The introduction to the authorErnest Hemingway (1896-1961) was a novelist and short story writer who became one of the best-known American authors in his century. He was famous for his experience and unique artistic style all over the world. According to The Old Man and the Sea (1952), Hemingway won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.Hemingway centers his novels on personal experience and affections. He could not cope with post-war America, and therefore he introduced a new type of character in writing called the “Code Hero”. Hemingway is known to focus his novels around code heroes who struggle with the mixture of their tragic faults and the surrounding environment.Moreover, Hemingway’s creation not only originated from life true to life but superior to life. Hemingway is a realism writer, consequently, copied something mechanically. He was also a master of turning reality into fiction, representing not only what had actually happened but also what logically might happen. He didn’t lay special emphasis by his inner beauty. So Santiago leaved an indelible impression to us. Hemingway once said that The Old Man and the Sea could be in a longer novel. In the novel, he could describe many other villagers and how they made a lively life, how they were educated, how they bore children, and so on. But he omitted all those, only describing, the old man and the process of fishing the Marlin and fighting the sharks. Besides, Hemingway not only reflected real life but also expressed himself in his work. Or, we can say, Hemingway’s creation is superior to life.However there is a question, “Is Hemingway timid and pessimistic, so that he is committed suicide?” The answer, of course, is “No”, Hemingway suffered much illness and injury and he committed suicide at last. But his suicide cannot show he was timid and pessimistic. On the contrary, he set upon image of braver because he regarded his illness and injury as his “enemy”such as the sharks. He used his life as a weapon, in order to get rid of his “enemy”, he would rather choose to die. He and his “enemy” ended in common ruin.1.2 The introduction to the novel backgroundHemingway defined the Code Hero as “a man with lives correctly, following the ideals of honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always painful” (The American Tradition in Literature, Page78). He showed, in his famous phrase for it, “grace under pressure”. In the end the Code Hero will lose because we are all mortal, but the true measure is how a person faces death. The code believes in “Nada”, a Spanish word meaning nothing. Along with this, there is nothing after life.II.The Introduction to The Old Man and the SeaHemingway’s view of human nature is that happiness is rare and is found within a man and not in his outside circumstance or surroundings. Hemingway illustrates this in three ways. First, he portrays the human nature of Santiago, the main character, as being one of humility and compassion, full of strength and pride. He is shown not as a gleefully happy man, but one who meets life with a serene, quiet resilience. Second, Santiago’s fellow villagers are shown as shallow, with a narrow view of life compared to his. Their focus on appearances is in sharp contrast to Santiago’s focus on intrinsic values. Third, it will be shown that his rare brand of happiness comes from within.To Hemingway, the dignity of a man should be so important to that man that he is willing to die for it. Most likely that is the reason Santiago went deep into that sea, following the Marlin, tearing the skin off his hands as he held on to that line. This is also why Santiago risked his life catching the Marlin. Finally, he caught the marlin, he was proud of himself that he so extremely wanted. When the sharks attack the fish, it is as same as the sharks attacking his dignity. This is mostly why an elderly man, armed only with crude weapons would fight many sharks. As the sharks tear apart the Marlin bit by bit, it is as they are tearing apart his dignity bit by bit. That is why Santiago found the courage to fight off sharks to protect his dignity. Hemingway shows that a man will not risk his life for his dignity, then what is in that life to live for? Even though the old man lost the battle with the sharks at the end, “his persistent determination makes him as a perfect Code Hero”(The American Tradition in Literature, Page82). He had done everything a person possibly could have. Through Santiago Hemingway told us that we are wholly down on our luck and destroyed in the end. Then we should conduct ourselves just like the oldfisherman, not be pessimistic and disappointed but to keep on struggling until we get what we want. That is, undefeated spirit is most important. This is also the normal principle of Hemingway.I think Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea was Hemingway himself. In The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway was fond of him and sang high praise of him. He placed his personal experience on the old man and reflected some of his innate characters. Hemingway merged himself with Santiago in thoughts and feelings. The spirit of Santiago lasted and re-embodied on Hemingway. Throughout Santiago, the old man cannot accept the fact that he is getting old and that he slowly casting his strength. Hemingway in reality was having the same problems. He was getting old and things he once did, he no longer could do. Just as Hemingway could not accept that fact, neither could his character: Santiago. In fact, Hemingway utilized his life to show that he was an unconquerable “old lion”.III. The study of the heroic characteristics3.1 Everlasting Hope for the FutureOne may lose the battle in life, but he can achieve a moral significance after his courage, bravery and ability to endure have been tested. Because hope does not die, power is not off. Even if the hope is slim, we also must try our best to fight for it. The author believes that, hope makes the old man to fight with the Marlin, fight with the sharks and fight with his own will.At the beginning of the novel, the author portrays the image of the old man. “The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of the neck. The brown blotched of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his cords. But none of these scars were flesh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page1). When we read here, we maybe show our sympathy to the old man and think that he cannot do anything. Further more, Santiago’s life is not in good condition. He lives in a shack in which there is only a bed, one chair and a place on the dirty floor to cook with charcoal. He is so poor that had no “pot of yellow rice and fish to eat”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page2). While sailing for fishing, he has only a bottle of water with him. He leads a lonely life. His wife died leaving him no children.Except a boy he once taught to fish, he has few friends. It seems that few people care him. What is more, he is a failure in catching fish. For eighty-four days he fished in a skiff without taking a fish. Eighty-four days is a long period of time. Eighty-four days without a fish is very unfortunate for a fisherman. For a weather-beaten, poverty-stricken and lonely old man like Santiago, the misery might be beyond anyone’s intolerance. For a man can tol erate failure, but can’t tolerate continuous failure. Too much failure will sure defeat a man even with strong will. For this reason, we may arrive at the conclusion that Santiago will give up fishing. But to our surprise, the color of the character is brighter in the following, “everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page2).What makes the old man make such a decision under the difficult condition? Through the man, the author points out—even though life is harder, even the wretched standpoint, “But who knows? Maybe today. Every day is a new day”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page22). This is the hope for the future, never giving up hope for the future.3.2 Unyielding spirit for facing the challengeThe process of the old man’s fishing is just like the human’s whole life. Everyone in the world lives a hard life and has to face the vast and vast sea, the greedy sharks with sharp tooth, and along with himself is just a boat and his soul that support him live in the world. Facing with the respected but fearsome nature, the human being is so insignificant. However the author has raised such a question: by what the human being should have to live in the work? At the same time, the author answered this question by portraying the way that the old man faces the sea and deals with the sharks alone.“Just then, watching his lines, he saw one of the projecting green sticks dip sharply.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page31) A big fish is hooked. At the first round of contest, the old man suppresses his own desire and waits the fish to eat the hook quietly. The old man’s silent sounds reflect his strong desire from the deep heart.Next is the contest of the strength. The old man “swing with each arm alternately on the cord with all the strength of his arm and the pivoted weight of his body.” But “nothing happened. The fish just moved away slowly and the old man could not raise him an inch.” The fish is so big that can pull away the boat to the wider deep sea. At one side is a very old man, and at the other side is unfathomable sea and unknown injuries, the readers can imagine the picture. Hegel ever said, “The great personality and the degree of firmness can only be measured by those of the opponents.” (The Image in Hemingway’s‘The Old Man and the Sea’, Page24) The old man’s admirable courage is also demonstrated by the opponent—the sea and the sharks.When the old man was young, his spirit of daring to be the number one has been accumulated. The author portrays that the old man played the hand game with a great Negrofrom Casablanca who was the strongest man on the docks, “they had gone one day and one night with their elbows on a chalk line on the table and their forearms straight up and their hands gripped tight. Each one was trying to force the other’s hand down onto the table.”“He had unleashed his effort and forced the hand of the negro down and down until it rested on the wood. ” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page57) “He de cided that he could beat anyone if he wanted to badly enough and …”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page59) It’s no doubt that, the age of being full of energy and power has gone and the old man is not stronger than ever before. But from the novel we can see that the old man is so eager to regain the power. He pursues what is called a eternal thing—dignity of the human.3.3 Heroic Behavior in the Actual BattleDefinitely a midget in spiritual couldn’t become an actual giant. If a person has strong will but he takes no actual action, he is still a midget. Santiago doesn’t only have spiritual power, he also prove his power and strength by his action. By describing the process of his fishing the Marlin and fighting with the sharks, Hemingway shows us another characteristic of Santiago as a code hero. That is, to display great tenacity and to show the death—defying spirit in the actual battle.With his exceeding self-confidence he gets rid of his bad luck and catches the fish which is longer than his skiff. The Marlin is immense and strong. Santiago and the Marlin, neither side is ready to yield. The great fish is also a remarkable and respectable fish. The Marlin is actually towing the skiff behind him. The fish moves steadily and they travels slowly on the calm water.Then Santiago meets with a more terrible disaster. The sharks spring on the Marlin and want to take his prize away. The old fisherman doesn’t fold his hands and wait for destruction. Instead, he bravely determines to fight them until he dies. Actually th e old man’s head is clear and good now. He is full of resolution to fight with them until the sharks. But he knows that there is little hope for him to win since he is so weary and so tired. He knows the failure is inevitable. But he should behave as a man in the battle field. With his blood mashed hands he rams the harpoon down onto the biggest shark, but the shark takes his harpoon away. So he lashes his knife to the butt of one of the oars. Then he takes up the oar with the knife blade snaps. In the dark, groups of sharks spring onto the Marlin. He knows that his triumph is too good to last. But on the other hand, “man is not made for defeat,” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page89) this declaration clearly presents his characteristic as a Code Hero. “This fidelity to what he believes is part of his quixotic gallantry.”In facing so many sharks, Santiago doesn’t show any fear. He pulls himself together and fights the sharks more fiercely.ConclusionIn The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway vividly creates an image of Code Hero. Santiago emerges as a hero who reflects the author’s own life attitude. That is, to fight through the failure is inevitable and to show dignity and grace under pressure. Santiago has strong will, self-confidence and resolution to overcome all kinds of difficulties in his life. Even though he knows that he cannot win the battles, he still tries all his best to fight in order to show his dignity and courage and bravery and skill. He is a failed hero in the battle, though with his fall and failure, he wins our love and respect.We should not only appreciate the Code Hero but also try to be a man like Code Hero. Especially in the present society, everyone may confront failure, from the study or from the work. What we learn from the Code Hero can help us conduct ourselves well as “bad luck” is coming, that, to show “grace under pressure” (Elegant Demeanor under Heavy Pressure, Page2). We shall never give up hopes in any difficult conditions, keep daring spirit and never admit defeat in the process of fighting.and last, endure the loneliness in the long process of the fighting. If we did that, we can behave like the old man, and no longer be afraid of any difficult things. In our future studying and working, we will overcome difficult problems with the confidence of bounding to win.。
对海明威的老人与海的评价英文版
对海明威的老人与海的评价英文版海明威的老人与海是世界名著之一，那么对此的英文版评价要怎么写呢?下面是小编为大家带来的范文，相信对你会有帮助的。
对海明威的老人与海的评价英文版篇一The Old Man and the Sea was written by an American writer named Ernest Hemingway. It has been translated into tens of languages, and the writer was so proud of his work.Santiago, the hero of the story, had gone eighty-four days without taking a fish back. At first, a boy named Manolion had been with him, but Santiago couldnt catch even one fish. The boy had gone at his parents orders in a lucky boat which caught three good fish the first week, and the couple thought that it was definitely and finally bad to let their boy stay with the old fisherman. On Santiagos eighty-fifth day of fishing, he went out alone, leaving the smell of the land behind and rowing out into the clean early morning smell of ocean. To his surprise, he caught a tuna which he had never seen before and it was hard to believe that the tuna was bigger than his boat. Later, the blood from the tuna left a trail for all sharks as wide as a highway, so fighting against sharks was unavoidable. Theresult was that sharks ate up all the meat of the tuna and Santiago only brought the tuna skeleton back. He was so tired that he slept deeply as soon as he got home, dreaming of lions.In this story, Santiago was an old and poor widow though he was good at fishing and had so much valuable experience. He only lived on fishing all his life. At long last, he just brought the skeleton back, you may think such a fisherman should be a loser, but this result didnt mean failing. On the contrary, Hemingway used the skeleton which was the pillar of spirit to strengthen the meaning of the old mans life. Santiago was described as a perfect person who never gave up.The boy named Manolion appeared in the beginning and at the end. Even during Santiagos voyage, he always came to the poor old mans mind. He was the only person who cared Santiago sincerely, trust Santiago absolutely, and the young boy wanted to be an inheritor of Santiagos career. Hemingway not only told us the experience of fishing should be spread from generation to generation, but also expected us to admire, to learn from and to carry on the spirit of Santiago. The appearance of Manilion was not by chance, which was arranged by Hemingway. During Santiagos long voyage, how much he wished the boy could have been with him to drive hisloneliness away. Youth is the symbol of energy and hope. Even an old man can be young inside. Lions appeared several times in Santiagos dreams for they were living in his heart, which showed the spirit of Santiago would never be low.The coming of the sharks could not be avoided. They can be thought as attack which can swallow your success and happiness. The story tells me to face the problems happened in my life with a heart as wide as ocean. Though the old man was lonely, he was a traveler who walked on the road of realizing his ideals. But he was not alone at the moment, for his will was so firm. The Old Man and the Sea has won the Nobel Prize at last, which is a comfort to the writer.对海明威的老人与海的评价英文版篇二the Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingways most enduring works and may very well become one of the true classics of this generation. It played a GREat part in his winning the Pulizer Prize in 1953 and the 1954 Novel Prize for Literature and confirmed his power and presence in the literary world. Hemingway is also one of my favorite writers.Besides The Old Man And the Sea, I have read some of his other works, such as The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms and The Snow of Kilimanijaro. But The Old Man and the Sea isthe one that left the deepest impression on me.I first read this book when I was in my fifteens. And now I remember it just as well as if I had read it yesterday.Pride and Prejudice is a chefdoeuvre.My first impression of this story was from screen.Its long long ago, maybe before I can read english books. I dont remember which movie edition I had seen. But I was impressed by the music, the scenery and the costume. I was very favor of a section of music in its balls. Its pretty brisk, liked a wonderful song of a bird. Regarding to the characters, I liked Elizabeth, the he-ro-in-e,though I didnt think shes beautiful. But shes smart. However, I didnt pay much attention to the plot. I thought its so long that it made me impatient and bored. By now, I havent read the whole story in English or its Chinese version, either. I owe it to my prejudice. In fact, I didnt understand the story at that time. I didnt know why it called Pride and Prejudice. Of course someone was pride, but I didnt find where s the prejudice. I thought its normal, the way people treated each other in that. I considered prejudice would be very disgusting. But to the movie everthing was OK in my minds, except its length. Now, I think I have understood more about it. Im a prejudiced person so I cant find wheres wrong.I merely like to do the things I like. Everytime I meet somebody or something,my thinking about he or it all depends on my foregone experience and my mood of the time.Vessel crossed the end of the world, into the unknown sea, hanging on the side of the bow while wind and rain erosion-stricken still incomparably beautiful flag, banner, brandishing a Yunlong general words glittering - beyond the limit This is the author of Hemingways evaluation of his work The Old Man and the Sea . Life itself is an endless pursuit. Its a long road, difficult and full of bumpy, but as long as their indomitable courage and self-confidence to a heart to meet the challenge, he will always be a real winner!对海明威的老人与海的评价英文版篇三This book gives me a deep impression especially the description about the mans braveness and persistence.When I was a high school student, Ive finished this book in Chinese. But when I read it in English, I really gain something new both in the way of expression and the spirit it shows to us. May be different ages to read the same book we will learn different things from it. At least, for my part, that is true.Firstly, I would like to review some information about thisbook. Such as the background, major characters and the topic of it.The Old Man and the Sea is a story by Ernest Hemingway, written in Cuba in 1951 and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction to be produced by Hemingway and published in his lifetime. One of his most famous works, it centers upon Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream.The Old Man and the Sea served to reinvigorate Hemingways literary reputation and prompted a reexamination of his entire body of work. The novella was initially received with much popularity; it restored many readers confidence in Hemingways capability as an author. Its publisher, Scribners, on an early dust jacket, called the novella a new classic, and many critics favorably compared it with such works as William Faulkners The Bear and Herman Melvilles Moby-Dick.The old man Santiago from The Old Man and the Sea is a character seen in many perspectives, as a hero, an ordinary fisherman, an unlucky old man, and a wise man. Throughout the novella he is made out as a person of motivation, passion, and hope. Despite what others do or do not think he is a manof action, and not one consumed by regret. The young and old villagers view of Santiago is an important one, but not a differentiating one. The villagers are split into two groups. The older fishermen that respect Santiago and wish him luck, and the younger fishermen that see him as little more than bad luck. While neither group is particularly important to the plot, each of their views sets an ambiance of Santiago forthcoming adventure. Without their views Santiago would be little more than a lucky old fisherman. Santiago has a resolute grip upon reality and lives by it. He sees himself as a man with little direction but enough determination and experience to live. He chose not to see what others thought but instead lived by how he perceived the world. His constant struggles and his persistent resolve to overcome the marlin and himself show his earnest desires to live and fish.The boy is a crucial element to Santiago world. Mandolin is always at the edge of Santiago mind when he thinks of convenience. At times with the fish, Santiago thinks to the boy and then to his own lack of ability. He may deny it,but at times it is his relationship with the boy that both makes him realize he needs help, and compels him to go on.Christian imagery and concepts are important assets tothe old fisherman personality. He is seen as a kind man, and although expresses his frustration towards certain points, only conveys his anger towards the evil representation of the sharks. His kind, infinite eyes, and he carrying his mast like Jesus and his cross only augment his Christ-like personage. His loneliness and greatness are both shown as Mandolin is assigned a new boat after 40 days with Santiago, the same length of time as Christ spent in the wilderness.Santiago change at the end of the novella turns him into almost a universal hero. By being at sea, his ventures were never limited and the events of the story just seemed to happen. After he rebukes himself for his arrogance with the marlin, Santiago goes home and dreams of the lions playing in Africa, signaling a cycle of a child-like rebirth through Mandolin.Throughout the story many aspects can be found about Santiago personality merely by the content of his 3-day fight with the marlin. The ideology that encompasses the story is only consumed by Santiago pure will to persevere. Certainly Santiago is a man of many themes and personality traits.猜你感兴趣：1.海明威老人与海读书笔记400字2.老人与海简谱海鸣威3.老人与海读后感中英文4.老人与海英文读后感5.海明威经典作品欣赏:老人与海6.老人与海读书笔记100字。
介绍老人与海这本书英语作文
介绍老人与海这本书英语作文"The Old Man and the Sea" is a classic novel written by Ernest Hemingway. It tells the story of an aging fisherman, Santiago, who has been experiencing a long run of bad luck. Despite this, Santiago is determined to prove his worth as a fisherman by catching a giant marlin. The novel explores themes of perseverance, struggle, and the human spirit.The story takes place in Cuba and centers around Santiago's journey as he sets out to sea and engages in a battle of wills with the marlin. Throughout the novel, Santiago faces numerous challenges, including physical exhaustion, hunger, and the elements. Despite these obstacles, he displays incredible resilience and determination as he refuses to give up on his goal.One of the most compelling aspects of the novel is the relationship between Santiago and the marlin. As Santiago battles the fish, he develops a deep respect for its strength and resilience. This relationship highlights the novel's themes of struggle and the interconnectedness ofall living creatures.The novel also delves into the concept of heroism, as Santiago's unwavering determination and bravery in the face of adversity are truly admirable. Despite his advanced age and the odds stacked against him, Santiago refuses to surrender, embodying the spirit of a true hero.Overall, "The Old Man and the Sea" is a timeless talethat resonates with readers of all ages. Its themes of perseverance, struggle, and the strength of the humanspirit are universal and continue to captivate audiences around the world.《老人与海》是厄内斯特·海明威创作的一部经典小说。
海明威作品当中硬汉形象分析英语论文
On the Image of Code Hero Created in Hemingway’s WorksThe Thesis for Obtaining BA from SchoolOf Foreign Languages and Literature, HBUASByPeng CongliSupervisedByA/Prof. Zhang AohuaJune 2, 2014SignatureThe thesis ―On the Image of Code Hero Created in Hemingway’s Works‖ by Peng Congli was reviewed and approved by A/Prof. Zhang Aohua on June 2, 2014.Supervisor________________(Signature)Abstract:In Hemingway’s works, there is a typical type of image that is called Code Hero. Code Hero, which means perseverance and never giving up, has been reflected in Hemingway’s works. As his saying goes, ―Born not to be defeated, one can be destroyed, but can not be beat‖ Simpleness, conciseness, nature constitute the basic characteristics of Hemingway's language and style. He abandoned painstakingly elegant and redundant embellishment. Just as his hero and his spirit of Code Hero, this style associated with his life experiences and the background---- two World Wars closely. So, in this thesis, I will illustrate the factors that shaped Hemingway’s code hero and the main characteristics of code hero. His life experiences and two World Wars have had greatly impact on his personality and writing style. They helped Hemingway to shape the image of code hero gradually.Key words: Hemingway; Code Hero; World Wars内容摘要：在海明威的作品当中，有一种经典的形象叫做―准则英雄‖，又称―硬汉‖，它意味着坚忍不拔和永不言弃。
英语毕业论文老人与海硬汉形象CodeHeroinTheOldManandtheSea
题目An Analysis of “Code Hero” in The Old Man and the Sea摘要海明威是美国著名的小说家之一，小说《老人及海》使其获得了1954年的诺贝尔文学奖。
在此小说中，作者创造了一个完美的硬汉形象——桑地亚哥。
《老人及海》是一件影响广泛，寓意深刻的世界文学瑰宝，它广泛地为大众所阅读，以至有人这样认为“只要是个文化人，你就会知道海明威其人。
知道海明威，你就不可能不知道小说《老人及海》。
”为什么这部小说如此被广泛的阅读？当然，诸多方面造就了小说的成功，但是有一点，毋庸置疑，那就是作者对小说主人公桑地亚哥这一永恒的艺术形象的成功塑造给人深刻印象，让人难以忘记这个硬汉形象的代表。
本文是从分析作品中老人这一形象出发，揭示“硬汉”的特征，倡导一种坚忍不拔，永不言败的精神。
在论文引言中，我们将对小说的主要内容作一简单的叙述，揭示小说的中心思想，并提出本次设计的内容——分析小说主人公桑地亚哥这一硬汉形象特征。
后简单介绍此次论文的写作思路及框架。
论文正文的一部分为背景信息，我们通过介绍小说作者海明威的传奇一生，指出作者及小说主人公的诸多相同之处，其中最相似之处便是都具有“硬汉”精神。
在正文的第二部分，我们将结合老人捕鱼前后及在大海中航行的遭遇，具体分析小说主人公的“硬汉”形象特征。
这种特征主要表现在四个方面：首先，在任何困难情况下都不放弃希望；其次，在斗争过程中始终保持高昂的斗志，永不服输；再次，在行动上勇往直前，打不到，击不跨；最后，在漫长的斗争过程中学会忍受孤独。
本文的最后一部分为总结。
通过对小说中“硬汉”形象的分析，深刻体会“硬汉”精神对当今社会的现实意义，倡导这种坚忍不拔，永不言败的精神。
关键词：《老人及海》，海明威，“硬汉”，桑地亚哥AbstractHemingway was one of the most famous novelists in America. He created a perfect image of Code Hero: Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the most influential and far-reaching novels of the literary treasure of the world. It’s so widely-read that people consider that “Whatever there is an intellectual, people know Hemingway and nobody knows Hemingway without knowing his works The Old Man and the Sea. Why the novel is so widely read? Why is it so influential and why is it so loved by the people of different colors and different nations? Surely many factors may contribute to the success of the novel. But the main factor, no doubt, is the touching and unforgettable portrait of the immortal artistic figure, Santiago, a representative of Code Hero.In the introduction of the essay, I will make a brief description about the contents of this novel and point out the main idea of the novel. The content of the essay is to analyze the characteristics of Code Hero. And then I will set out framework of the essay. The first part of the body is the background information. Through the introduction to Hemingway’s legend life, we find some common points between the author and the old man, and the most familiar point is that both of them have the spirit of CodeHero. In the second part of the body, I will portray the process of his catching Marlin and fighting with the sharks. Then I will analyses the spirit of Code Hero. The spirit is concentrated on four areas: First, never give up hopes in any difficult conditions; secondly, keep daring spirit and never admit defeat in the process of fighting; thirdly, behave heroically in the actual battle; and last, endure the loneliness in the long process of the fighting. The last part of the essay is the conclusion. This paper will analyze the image of the old man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero, and advocate the spirit of never giving up.KEY WORDS：The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway, Code Hero, SantiagoContents摘要AbstractIntroduction (1)Chapter One The Background Information (3)1.1 About the Author (3)1.2 The Author’s View on the Novel and the Old Man (5)Chapter Two The Four Characteristics of Code Hero (8)2.1 Everlasting Hope for the Future (8)2.2 Daring Spirit for Facing the Challenge (11)2.3 Heroic Behavior in the Actual Battle (14)2.4 Loneliness Endurance in the Long Fighting (17)Conclusion (20)Acknowledgements (21)Bibliography (22)IntroductionThe Old Man and the Sea was published in 1952 and was one of Hemingway’s most successful novels which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.The novel writes a very simple story which chronicles the adventure of Santiago, based on a true story of a Cuba fisherman. After eighty-four days without catching a fish, Santiago, an old Cuban hooks a giant fish. For two days and two nights the old man holds on while the fish pulls him further and further. Finally he kills the fish and ties it to his skiff. Almost at once, brutal sharks begin to take his price away. He struggles against the sharks with the harpoon, the oar, the knife, the short club. The sharks eat all but the bones of the fish. Half dead with exhaustion, he brings the skeleton home and makes his way to bed and dreams of his golden time.In the novel, Hemingway creates an immortal artistic figure, Santiago, a representative of Code Hero. Santiago is a poor fisherman who lives alone and has finally lost all will to live. Every day is the same dull, monotonous routine. His wife had died; his only comfort is a boy who is forbidden to fish determination in holding onto a gargantuan fish, Santiago is plunged into the adventure of his life, but will it bring meaning to his days? But it is the spirit of Code Hero to support him fighting and living.The chief point about Santiago is that he behaves perfectly and honorably, with great courage and endurance. While losing to the sharks the giant fish he has caught, he comes with the message that while man may grow old, and be wholly down on his luck, he can still dare to stick to the rules, persist when he is destroyed, and thus by the manner of his losing to win his victory.I also want to point out that the novel not only describes the fight between human and nature and fate but also indicates Hemingway’s Code Hero getting to its summit. Although the old man in the novel is weak and in the grim fate of pressure, he also shows the spirit of Code Hero.This paper will analyze the image of the old man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero, and advocate the spirit of never giving up.Chapter One The Background Information1.1 About the AuthorErnest Hemingway (1896-1961) was a novelist and short story writer who became one of the best-known American authors in his century. He was famous for his experience and unique artistic style all over the world. According to The Old Man and the Sea(1952), Hemingway won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.Hemingway centers his novels on personal experience and affections. According to his works The Sun Also Rises (1926) he became the representative writer of “the Lost Generation”. He could not cope with post-war America, and therefore he introduced a new type of character in writing called the “Code Hero”. Hemingway is known to focus his novels around code heroes who struggle with the mixture of their tragic faults and the surrounding environment.Moreover, Hemingway’s creation not only originated from life true to life but superior to life. Hemingway is a realism writer, consequently, copied something mechanically. He was also a master of turning reality into fiction, representing not only what had actually happened but also what logically might happen. He didn’t lay special emphasis by his inner beauty. So Santiago leaved an indelible impression to us. Hemingway once said thatThe Old Man and the Sea could be in a longer novel. In the novel, he could describe many other villagers and how they made a lively life, how they were educated, how they bore children, and so on. But he omitted all those, only describing, the old man and the process of fishing the Marlin and fighting the sharks. Besides, Hemingway not only reflected real life but also expressed himself in his work. Or, we can say, Hemingway’s creation is superior to life.Santiago showed the spirit “undefeated”which Hemingway has. So Hemingway’s life attitude has been widely recognized and imitated all over the world. Hemingway is worthy to be called the Code Hero: he was born in an intensely middle-class family, Chicago, Oak Park. His father, who was a doctor, devoted to hunting, fishing and influenced on Hemingway greatly when he was three years old, his father gave him a fishing pole for his birthday gift. When he was ten years old, he got a hunting gun. As a boy of fourteen, he was encouraged to practice boxing. Hemingway fought in the two world wars: in the first war as a medical soldier, and the second as a reporter. He took part in World War I as an honorary lieutenant in the Red Cross. He went overseas as an ambulance driver. He was wounded many times and experienced at least 12 operations which took out 227 pieces of artillery shells. Besides, he suffered a great deal from aviation accident: his eyes injured while hunting and in African jungle he was in two airplane accidents in the spaces of two days. All these didn’t defeat Hemingway. He was sucha man who turned down defeat. When he was old he was poor in health. Still he indulged himself in fishing, hunting and bull-fighting from which he pursued thrilling scenes and enjoyed himself in fighting.However there is a question, “Is Hemingway timid and pessimistic, so that he is committed suicide?”The answer, of course, is “No”, Hemingway suffered much illness and injury and he committed suicide at last. But his suicide cannot show he was timid and pessimistic. On the contrary, he set upon image of braver because he regarded his illness and injury as his “enemy” such as the sharks. He used his life as a weapon, in order to get rid of his “enemy”, he would rather choose to die. He and his “enemy”ended in common ruin.1.2 The A uthor’s View on the Novel and the Old ManHemingway defined the Code Hero as “a man with lives correctly, following the ideals of honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always painful”(The American Tradition in Literature, Page78). He showed, in his famous phrase for it, “grace under pressure”. The Code Hero measures himself by how well they handle the difficult situations that life throws at him. In the end the Code Hero will lose because we are all mortal, but the true measure is how a person faces death. The code believes in “Nada”, a Spanish word meaning nothing. Along with this, there is nothing after life.Hemingway’s view of human nature is that happiness is rare and is found within a man and not in his outside circumstance or surroundings. Hemingway illustrates this in three ways. First, he portrays the human nature of Santiago, the main character, as being one of humility and compassion, full of strength and pride. He is shown not as a gleefully happy man, but one who meets life with a serene, quiet resilience. Second, Santiago’s fellow villagers are shown as shallow, with a narrow view of life compared to his. Their focus on appearances is in sharp contrast to Santiago’s focus on intrinsic values. Third, it will be shown that his rare brand of happiness comes from within.To Hemingway, the dignity of a man should be so important to that man that he is willing to die for it. Most likely that is the reason Santiago went deep into that sea, following the Marlin, tearing the skin off his hands as he held on to that line. This is also why Santiago risked his life catching the Marlin. Finally, he caught the marlin, he was proud of himself that he so extremely wanted. When the sharks attack the fish, it is as same as the sharks attacking his dignity. This is mostly why an elderly man, armed only with crude weapons would fight many sharks. As the sharks tear apart the Marlin bit by bit, it is as they are tearing apart his dignity bit by bit. That is why Santiago found the courage to fight off sharks to protect his dignity. Hemingway shows that a man will not risk his life for his dignity, then what is in that life to live for? Even though the old man lost the battlewith the sharks at the end, “his obtunding and persistent determination makes him as a perfect Code Hero”(The American Tradition in Literature, Page82). He had done everything a person possibly could have. Through Santiago Hemingway told us that we are wholly down on our luck and destroyed in the end. Then we should conduct ourselves just like the old fisherman, not be pessimistic and disappointed but to keep on struggling until we get what we want. That is, undefeated spirit is most important. This is also the normal principle of Hemingway.I think Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea was Hemingway himself. In The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway was fond of him and sang high praise of him. He placed his personal experience on the old man and reflected some of his innate characters. Hemingway merged himself with Santiago in thoughts and feelings. The spirit of Santiago lasted and re-embodied on Hemingway. Throughout Santiago, the old man cannot accept the fact that he is getting old and that he slowly casting his strength. Hemingway in reality was having the same problems. He was getting old and things he once did, he no longer could do. Just as Hemingway could not accept that fact, neither could his character: Santiago. In fact, Hemingway utilized his life to show that he was an unconquerable “old lion”.Chapter Two The Four Characteristics of Code Hero2.1 Everlasting Hope for the FutureOne may lose the battle in life, but he can achieve a moral significance after his courage, bravery and ability to endure have been tested. Because hope does not die, power is not off. Even if the hope is slim, we also must try our best to fight for it. The author believes that, hope makes the old man to fight with the Marlin, fight with the sharks and fight with his own will.At the beginning of the novel, the author portrays the image of the old man. “The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of the neck. The brown blotched of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his cords. But none of these scars were flesh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page1). When we read here, we maybe show our sympathy to the old man and think that he cannot do anything. Further more, Santiago’s life is not in good condition. He lives in a shack in which there is only a bed, one chair and a place on the dirty floor to cook with charcoal. He is so poor that had no “pot of yellow rice and fish to eat”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page2). While sailing for fishing, he has only a bottle of water with him. He leadsa lonely life. His wife died leaving him no children.Except a boy he once taught to fish, he has few friends. It seems that few people care him. What is more, he is a failure in catching fish. For eighty-four days he fished in a skiff without taking a fish. Eighty-four days is a long period of time. Eighty-four days without a fish is very unfortunate for a fisherman. For a weather-beaten, poverty-stricken and lonely old man like Santiago, the misery might be beyond anyone’s intolerance. For a man can tolerate failure, but can’t tolerate continuous failure. Too much failure will sure defeat a man even with strong will. For this reason, we may arrive at the conclusion that Santiago will give up fishing. But to our surprise, the color of the character is brighter in the following, “everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page2). The eyes of the old man are not stuffy and he has the eyes those “were the same color as the sea” that only the young man has, which shows the old man has a young heart as the young. “H e fitted the rope lashings of the oars onto the thole pins and, leaning forward against the thrust of the blades in the water, he began to row out of the harbor in the dark”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page18). The old man firmly insists that he will not always be unfortunate, and ships into the deep sea without looking back.What makes the old man make such a decision under the difficult condition? Through the man, the author points out—even though life is harder, eventhe wretched standpoint, “B ut who knows? Maybe today. Every day is a new day”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page22). This is the hope for the future, never giving up hope for the future.The author further strengthens the character of the old man—the Code Hero. When the sharks have eaten half of the Marlin, “it is silly not to hope, he thought. Besides I believe it is a sin. Do not think about sin, he thought”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page90). “he forked the tiller free from the rudder and beat and chopped with it, holding it down again and again…”Finally, he saw one shark came against the head of this fish, and he knew all was over. He swung the tiller across the shark’s head where the jaws were caught in the heaviness of the fish’s head which would not tear. He swung it once and twice and again. He heard the tiller break and he lunged at the shark with the splintered burr. He felt it go in and knowing it was sharp he drove it in again. The shark let go and rolled away. That was the last shark of the pack that came. There was nothing more for them to eat.At last, he sailed back into harbor exhaustedly, with a skeleton of his fish and a broken skiff. “S he’s good, he thought. She is sound and not harmed in any way except for the tiller. That is easily replaced”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page109). All what the old man sees are good side. He failed, however, “he is not ‘defeated’, despite the fact that has been ‘beaten’, as he himself admits, by his violation of the sacred code. He pronouncesthat nothing ’beat him really and that his only fault was that he ‘went out too far’” (Elegant Demeanor under Heavy Pressure, Page90).2.2 Daring Spirit for Facing the ChallengeThe process of the old man’s fishing is just like the human’s whole life. Everyone in the world lives a hard life and has to face the vast and vast sea, the greedy sharks with sharp tooth, and along with himself is just a boat and his soul that support him live in the world. Facing with the respected but fearsome nature, the human being is so insignificant. However the author has raised such a question: by what the human being should have to live in the work? At the same time, the author answered this question by portraying the way that the old man faces the sea and deals with the sharks alone.“J ust then, watching his lines, he saw one of the projecting green sticks dip sharply.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page31) A big fish is hooked. At the first round of contest, the old man suppresses his own desire and waits the fish to eat the hook quietly. The old man’s silent sounds reflect his strong desire from the deep heart. “E at them, fish. Eat them. Pleased eat them. How fresh they are and …”“‘Come down,’ the old man said aloud. ‘Make another turn. Just smell them. Aren't they lovely? Eat them good now and then there is the tuna. Don’t be shy, fish. Eat them.’”(The Old Manand the Sea, Page31-32) With patient the old man faces the silent before the battle.Next is the contest of the strength. The old man “swing with each arm alternately on the cord with all the strength of his arm and the pivoted weight of his body.”But “nothing happened. The fish just moved away slowly and the old man could not raise him an inch.” The fish is so big that can pull away the boat to the wider deep sea. At one side is a very old man, and at the other side is unfathomable sea and unknown injuries, the readers can imagine the picture. Hegel ever said, “The great personality and the degree of firmness can only be measured by those of the opponents.” (The Image in Hemingway’s ‘The Old Man and the Sea’, Page24) The old man’s admirable courage is also demonstrated by the opponent—the sea and the sharks.On the returning voyage the old man suffers greater challenge: the Marlin’s blood draws the sharks group. The author uses much ink to portray the sharks “wide, flattened, shovel-pointed heads now and their white-tipped wide pectoral fins. They were hateful sharks, bad-smelling, scavengers as well as killers, and when they were hungry they would bite at an oar or the rudder of a boat. It was these sharks that would cut the turtle’s legs and flippers off when the turtles were asleep on the surface, and they would hit a man in the water, if they were hungry…” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page93) These portrays aim to describe the old man’s spirit.The harder the fish and the sharks are to defeat, the taller the old man’s image is.The essence of the old man is weak. “Unless sharks come,”he said out. “If sharks come, God pity him and me.”“I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed on the newspapers.”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page89) But “man is not made defeated,”he said, “A man can be destroyed but not defeated.”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page89) “‘A y,’ the old man said. ‘Galanos. Come on, galanos.’” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page93) “‘Fight them,’ he said, ‘I’ll fight them until I die.’”“N ow they have beaten me, he thought. I am too old to club sharks to death. But I will try it as long as I have the oars and the short club and the tiller.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page97) The old man challenges the age, and challenges the physical limit. “H e felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could. I moved him, he thought. Maybe this time I can get him over. Pull, hands, he thought. Hold up, legs. Last for me, head. Last for me. You never went. This time I will pull him over.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page78) These words and behaviors all originate from the old man’s desire to the victory and strength. The old man can talk the baseball with the child happily. And he often dreams of the lions, which can express this point strongly. Lions, in the western world, were considered as a symbol of strength and power.When the old man was young, his spirit of daring to be the number onehas been accumulated. The author portrays that the old man played the hand game with a great Negro from Casablanca who was the strongest man on the docks, “they had gone one day and one night with their elbows on a chalk line on the table and their forearms straight up and their hands gripped tight. Each one was trying to force the other’s hand down onto the table.”“H e had unleashed his effort and forced the hand of the negro down and down until it rested on the wood. ”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page57) “H e decided that he could beat anyone if he wanted to badly enough and …”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page59) It’s no doubt that, the age of being full of energy and power has gone and the old man is not stronger than ever before. But from the novel we can see that the old man is so eager to regain the power. He pursues what is called a eternal thing—dignity of the human.2.3 Heroic Behavior in the Actual BattleDefinitely a midget in spiritual couldn’t become an actual giant. If a person has strong will but he takes no actual action, he is still a midget. Santiago doesn’t only have spiritual power, he also prove his power and strength by his action. By describing the process of his fishing the Marlin and fighting with the sharks, Hemingway shows us another characteristic of Santiago as a code hero. That is, to display great tenacity and to show the death—defying spirit in the actual battle.With his exceeding self-confidence he gets rid of his bad luck and catchesthe fish which is longer than his skiff. The Marlin is immense and strong. Santiago and the Marlin, neither side is ready to yield. The great fish is also a remarkable and respectable fish. The Marlin is actually towing the skiff behind him. The fish moves steadily and they travels slowly on the calm water. “The contest is to see who can endure longer than the other. By this time Santiago’s straw hat cuts his forehead and he has been without nourishment for hours. But he just drinks a little water, then he rested sitting on the sitting on the unstopped mast and sail and tried not to think but only to endure”(The American Tradition in Literature, Page117). In the old man’s attitude to the fish there is the type of gallantry and heroism that Hemingway admires. This gallantry, this heroism, is paralleled by the stoical heroism of the great Marlin, like his opponent, neither gives up. In addition, the force exerted by the old man is exactly counter—balanced by the natural force being exerted at this time by the huge hidden fish. Just because the Marlin is as strong minded as Santiago himself, Santiago begins to love and respect the Marlin. Although the Marlin has swallowed the bait, he doesn’t admit his failure. “The fish made a surge that pulled him down on his face and made a cut below his eye. The blood ran down his cheek a little way. But is coagulated and dried before it reached his chin and he worked his way back to the how and rested against the wood.”At this time if Santiago cut the line and lets the fish go, he can get rid of the embracement, but that also means Santiago fails in the battle. Santiagodoes n’t choose such a solution. He even doesn’t think of it. When he is thirsty, he takes some water; when he is sleepy, he lies forward cramming himself against the line with all of his body, putting all his weight onto his right hand. Even his left hand cramps and his right hand is cut by the line, he just tries his best to endure. From the old fisherman’s point of view, any pain does not matter to a man. He makes resolution to stay with the Marlin until he is dead.Then Santiago meets with a more terrible disaster. The sharks spring on the Marlin and want to take his prize away. The old fisherman doesn’t fold his hands and wait for destruction. Instead, he bravely determines to fight them until he dies. Actually the old man’s head is clear and good now. He is full of resolution to fight with them until the sharks. But he knows that there is little hope for him to win since he is so weary and so tired. He knows the failure is inevitable. But he should behave as a man in the battle field. With his blood mashed hands he rams the harpoon down onto the biggest shark, but the shark takes his harpoon away. So he lashes his knife to the butt of one of the oars. Then he takes up the oar with the knife blade snaps. In the dark, groups of sharks spring onto the Marlin. He knows that his triumph is too good to last. But on the other hand, “man is not made for defeat,”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page89) this declaration clearly presents his characteristic as a Code Hero. “This fidelity to what he believes is part of his quixotic gallantry.”In facing so many sharks, Santiago doesn’tshow any fear. He pulls himself together and fights the sharks more fiercely.2.4 Loneliness Endurance in the Long FightingThe author doesn’t tell us the origins of the old man, nobody knows where he comes from, nor does no one know whether he has relatives. “He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff,” only a child companies with him. But after 40 days, the child is also going away ordered by his parents. The old man has to face the sea and the sharks. But these are not the most fearful thing, the greatest fear is loneliness. The feeling of loneliness is more fearful than loneliness itself. The only way the old man resolves it is to talk to himself.The author has many portrays that the old man is talking to himself: At the beginning, “he looked across the sea and knew how alone he was now.” But “he could see the prisms in the deep dark water and the line stretching ahead and the strange undulation of the calm. The clouds were building up now for the trade wind and he looked ahead and saw a flight of wild ducks etching themselves against the sky over the water, then blurring, then etching again,” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page22)“H e did not remember when he had first started to talk aloud when he was by himself. He had sung when he was by himself in the old days and he had sung at night, Sometimes when he was alone steering on his watch in the smacks or in the turtle boats. He had probably started to talk aloud, whenalone, when the boy had left. But he did not remember.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page29) These portrays tell us that most of the old man’s life comes with loneliness. If the boy was here, the old man is happy. When he is alone, he just talks to himself or sings loudly to make fun. “If the others heard me talking out loud they would think that I am crazy,”he said aloud. “But since I am not crazy, I do not care.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page30) The old man even says to the bird “Stay at my house if you like, bird”, “I am sorry I cannot hoist the sail and take you in with the small breeze that is rising. But I am with a friend.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page44)In the common time, the old man is always with the boy. But this time, the old man sails alone. When struggling with the Marlin, the old man also says to himself, “I wish I had the boy.”(The Old Man and the Sea, Page41). “I wish I had the boy,” the word appears many times in the work. I don’t think the old man hope there was someone who can help him. “H e decided that he could beat anyone if he wanted to badly enough.” (The Old Man and the Sea, Page59) What he is looking forward to is that someone can see his experience, his courage and his ability. The old man is eager to be identified, and he pursues of the self-satisfaction.Through talking to himself, he overcomes the loneliness, and “he knew no man was ever alone on the sea.”(Elegant Demeanor under Heavy Pressure, Page31)。
老人与海英语论文
v .. . ..An Analysis of the Heroic Character in the Old Man and the Sea学院：外国语学院班级：英语101姓名：王金学号：100801009An Analysis of the Heroic Character in the Old Man and the Sea Abstract: Hemingway was one of the most famous novelists in America. He created a perfect image of Code Hero: Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the most influential and far-reaching novels of the literary treasure of the world. The content of the essay is to analyze the characteristics of Code Hero. Through the introduction to Hemingway’s legend life, we find some common points between the author and the old man, and the most familiar point is that both of them have the spirit of Code Hero. Then I will analyses the spirit of Code Hero. The spirit is concentrated on four areas: First, never give up hopes in any difficult conditions; secondly, keep daring spirit and never admit defeat in the process of fighting; thirdly, behave heroically in the actual battle; and last, endure the loneliness in the long process of the fighting. The last part of the essay is the conclusion. This paper will analyze the image of the old man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero, and advocate the spirit of never giving up.Keywords：Spirit, Hemingway, Code Hero, Santiago1 The Introduction to the AuthorRegarded as a giant both in American literature and the world literature, Ernest Hemingway was born on July21, 1898, at Oak Park, Illinois. During World War I he worked as an ambulance driver in France and in the Italianinfantry and was wounded severely just before his 19th ter, he became involved with the expatriate literary and artistic circle surrounding Gertrude Stein when he was working in Paris as a correspondent for the Toronto Star, His works during the 1920s are representative of“the Lost Generation”. During the Spanish Civil War and later the Second Word War, Hemingway served as a correspondent on the loyalist side. Then he settled in Cuba in 1945.In 1954, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize of Literature for his“mastery of the art of modern narration”.After his expulsion from Cuba by the Castro regime, he moved to Idaho. He was increasingly plagued by ill health and mental problems, and in July, 1961, he committed suicide by shooting himself.Hemingway’s life is filled with kinds of adventures, and from his rich and colorful life experiences，his life seems like an unusual book which many other people in the world admire and envy.Hemingway's fiction usually focuses on people living essential, dangerous lives, soldiers, fishermen, athletes, bullfighters, who meet the pain and difficulty of their existence with stoic courage.From his works and life experiences, Hemingway is indeed a perfectionist. Many of the heroes that he created in novels are represented his code man spirit---perfectionism, especially in The Old Man and the Sea. The old man named Santiago represented Hemingway’s perfectionism characteristic more vividly than other code man in his works2 The Introduction to the BackgroundHemingway’s life was active and adventurous but full of pains. He lived in the period that the World War One broke out when many young volunteers took part in the war which also called “a war ends all wars”. But the cruel reality made them aware that modern warfare was not as glorious as they thought. Actually the First and the Second World Wars had affected Hemingway a lot, for he had once joined the army and had injured in Italy, so he suffered much which was brought about by the war deeply. He was disappointed with the world at that time and became very pessimistic about the fate of the human beings. As a young writer and spokesman of the “The Lost Generation”, and influenced by the greedy and heedless way of life in America, Hemingway’s works all vividly recorded the life of those physically and mentally wounded soldiers, revealed the frustration, loneliness when “God is dead”.3 PlotIt is a poetic tragic novel told in language of great simplicity and power. Its hero is an old Cuban fisherman ---Santiago, who is down on his luck, and tries to fight against his fate. In the story Santiago has gone for 84 days without catching a fish. As a result, Mandolin, a little boy, who used to sail with him, is forbidden from fishing with the old man by his parents and forced to catch fish in another “good-lucky” ship.Later despite the boy asks for fishing together again, but the old man insists on fishing alone and at last, he succeeds in hooking a giant marlin which iseighteen-foot, the largest he has ever known before. But the fish is very powerful and disobedient. It tows the old man and his boat for almost 48 hours, the old man could do nothing but bearing the whole weight of the fish through the line on his back. The old man, with little food and sleep, has to bear a lot of pain and at the same time fight against the fish. To his great excitement, he was rewarded for his struggle. On the third day at sea, he finally catches the weakened marlin to the surface and harpoons it.On his way home, he lashed marlin alongside his boat because it is too big to be put in the boat. But, unfortunately, the sharks assaulted the old man and the giant marlin in different directions for four times. The old man fights to kill the sharks with as much strength he can summon, but only to find a giant skeleton of his marlin left after his desperate defense. At last, Santiago, having lost what he fought for, reaches the shore and struggles to his shack. He falls into sound sleep, dreaming of Africa and the lions again.4 Analysis of the heroic charactersIn the novel, the author portrays the image of an old Cuban fisherman who has gone for 84 days with catching nothing.“The old man was thin and gaunt, with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. But none of the scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert.” From thesewords, we may feel sympathetic toward the old man and think that he is too week to catch a big fish. But “Everything about him was old except his eye and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.” In spite of his old and week appearance, his eyes are not stuffy but as cheerful as the young men’s eyes through which we can see his unyielding spirit. This contrast clearly shows Santiago’s real personality.84 days is a long period of time. A man can tolerate failure, but can’t tolerate continuous failure. Too much failure will destroy a man even with strong will. But for Santiago, although a poverty-stricken and lonely old man, nothing can defeat his will. He firmly insists that he will not always be unfortunate.He says, “I may not be as strong as I think.”, “But I know many tricks and I have resolutions.” The old man is very confident and has the strong believe that he will finally catch a big fish. What gives him such confidence under the difficult and cruel reality? Through the man, the author points out---even though life is very hard and seems hopeless, “But who knows? Every day is a new day.” He has the hope for the future and the unyielding spirit to challenge his fate.With Santiago’s exceeding self-confidence, he gets ride of his bad fortune and catches the fish which is longer than his skiff. But the Marline is very disobedient and strong. The old man “swing with each arm alternately on the cord with all the strength of his arm and the pivoted weight of his body.” But “nothing happened. The fish just moves away slowly and the old man could notraise him an inch.”One side is a very old man, and the other side is the big strong Marline. Neither side is going to yield. In some way, the Marlin is a remarkable and respectable fish. It tows the skiff behind him out to the sea for 48 hours. “The contest is to see who can endure longer than the other.”“The fish made a struggle that pulled him down on his face and made a cut below his eye. The blood ran down his cheek a little way. But is coagulated and dried before it reached his chin and he worked his way back to the how and rested against the wood.” At the moment, if Santiago cut the line and let the fish go, he can get ride of the danger, but if he do so, it means that he is a loser. Santiago doesn’t choose this way; he tries to think nothing but only to endure. When he is thirsty, he takes some water; when he is sleepy, he lies forward cramming himself against the line with all of his body, putting all his weight onto his right hand. Even his left hand cramps and his right hand is cut by the line, he just tries his best to endure. On the third day at sea, he finally catches the weakened marlin to the surface and harpoons it. But on the returning voyage, the old man meets a more terrible disaster. The Marline’s blood draws the shark group in different directions for four times. Although he knows that there is little hope for him to win after his long fighting with the Marline, but he knows that he should face the sharks and kill them as a man to protect his fish. The author uses much ink to portray the sharks which aims to describe the old man’s spirit. The harder the fish and the sharks are to defeat, the taller the old man’s image is.5 Writing Style and TechniquesHemingway’s works have unique artistic style. He is distinguished from other writers in choosing characters and subjects. The leading roles in his novels are men. Through a series of description, he shows the readers the unique world of men. Most of these men are matador, pugilist, and hunter and so on. By portraying the battles in which these men fight with nature, society and, Hemingway want to extol their unyielding struggle spirit. The very virtues of Hemingway’s style are his insistence on simplicity, his pure male writing style, and his manipulation of language. Some critics call it “cinematic prose”. This style has close relationship with his long career as a reporter. As he said in response to a newsman:“You have to learn to write some simple statement sentences. It is useful to everybody.”Hemingway can also control language completely. As Ford said:“Every word is like fresh stone from the stream. They are living and shining and each has its own position. So his language can achieve this effect: seeing the bottom of water clearly, the words ranking one after another orderly. Overall, it is like a chessboard. ”All in all, Hemingway’s language in The Old Man and the Sea is simple and natural on the surface, but actually deliberate and artificial. The forming of this distinct style is related to Hemingway’s own experience. And the influence of this style is not only within America but also all over the world. The facts in the novel are selected and used as a device to make the fictional world accepted. Unlike other novelists who add allegorical meanings to their facts, Hemingway uses the facts simply and naturally, without any emotion. In thelatter part of the novel, instead of being narrated by the author, the facts are used from inside Santiago’s own consciousness, and form part of a whole scheme of the novel. Besides what have been mentioned above, other techniques in The Old Man and the Sea, such as realism, monologue, the creation of suspense and so on, are also very successful. All these show Hemingway’s superb artistic attainments as a Nobel Prize winner.6 ConclusionThe Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingway’s most enduring works and may very well become one of the true classics of his generation. In the novel, Hemingway creates an image of heroic character who actually reflects the author’s own life attitude. That is, to fight through the failure is inevitable and to show dignity and grace under poverty and pressure. From the novel, we know that the knowledge that a simple man is capable of the decency, dignity, and even heroism that Santiago possesses and that his battle can been seen in heroic terms is itself perhaps the greatest victory that Hemingway won. We can also get a lot of inspirations from the hero--- Santiago. Actually the winner takes nothing but the sense of having fought the fight to the limits of his strength，or of having shown what a man can do when it is necessary. Winner is undefeated only because he has gone on trying.Besides we can learn a lot from Santiago’s famous saying. For example, after he kills the first shark, he says, “Man is not made defeated.”“A man can be destroyed but not defeated.”His words not only prove his character: endurance, persistence and undefeated spirit, but alsoexpress the novel’ theme.Life is a kind of endless pursuit. It is a long, difficult road and full of ups and downs but as long as we are brave enough to meet the challenges with self-confidence, we will always be a real winner. We should not only appreciate the heroic character, but also try to be a man like Santiago. In the present society, everyone may meet failure, from the study or from the work. What we learn from the heroic character can help us conduct ourselves well when bad luck is coming.。