Lecture Three 副词
英语副词讲义
副词一、副词定义：副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。
副词是一种半虚半实的词。
二、副词的分类：副词可分为：时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、频度副词、焦点副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
副词连用顺序：程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。
1、时间副词（1）、常见的时间副词now(现在；立刻；目前；马上；其时；当时) then（当时；那时；接着；于是；然后；还有；而且；那么；因此）soon(不久；即刻；马上；宁可；；宁愿) ago（以前）recently （最近；近来）lately（近来；最近；不久前）later（较晚地；后来）finally（最后；终于；完全地）before（先前；从前；以前）early（早；先；在初期；在早期）today （今天）tomorrow（明天）yesterday（昨天）tonight（今晚）suddenly（意外地；忽然；冷不防）immediately(即刻；马上；直接地) already（已经）just（刚刚）等。
（2）、时间副词在句中的位置○1、表确定时间的副词(如today, yesterday等)通常位于句末，有时也位于句首：He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home. 他昨天回家了。
○2、表示非确定时间的副词(如soon, recently, suddenly等)除可用于句末或句首外，还可位于句中(通常位于实义动词之前，动词be、助动词、情态动词之后)：He went to Paris recently. / He recently went to Paris. / Recently he went to Paris.最近他去了巴黎。
○3、still, already, just 等几个表示时间的副词通常位于句中(实意动词之前，动词be、助动词、情态动词之后)：He’s just left for school. 他刚刚去学校。
Lecture 3 翻译的标准
Lecture 3 翻译的标准翻译标准：目前翻译界普遍接受的，也是作为一般翻译学习者必须努力掌握的标准，简而言之是两条：忠实(Faithfulness) 和流畅(Smoothness)。
外语腔是初学翻译者不知不觉地会在汉语译文中表现出来的一种不当倾向。
翻译时所要表达的内容来自外语原文，原文的词语和结构形式随着内容一起进入到我们的大脑，于是原文的语言形式被带入译文，造成了译文的外语腔。
The only concession he made to the climate was to wear a white dinner jacket.【译文】气候变化，他仅稍稍作了一点变通，赴宴时穿了件白色的短礼服。
翻译标准：忠实和流畅好的译文还必须保持原文的风格包括民族风格、时代风格、语体风格、作者个人的语言风格等。
即：译者不能破坏或改变原文的风格，不能以译者的风格代替原作的风格。
课堂练习：•She couldn't have come at a better time.•She has been a widow only six months.•I believe the speech was needlessly stubborn.•The Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality.•From a physical standpoint, there ought to be as many colours as there are different wave lengths.•As a human being, we should demonstrate our intellectual and moral superiority by respecting others for who they are -- instead of rejecting them for who/what they are not.1. 她来得正是时候。
Lecture Three
主从复合句通常在连接从句处切分, 分成两个句子翻译
4. One day, while out on the bleak moors, Pip is startled by a hulking, menacing man who threatens him if he does not bring him some food immediately. 匹普外出在阴冷的荒原上游荡时,一个魁梧,凶狠 的男子把他吓了一跳.这个男子威胁他,让他立即 为他送些食物来.(在who引导的从句前切分)
3.句子分译 句子分译
句子分译就是把原文的一句话译成两句或两 句以上.汉语句子结构松散,英语句子结构 严谨.汉语句子逻辑关系往往很不明显,而 英语句子结构往往通过使用连词很明确的表 现出来.
3.句子分译(英译中) 句子分译(英译中) 句子分译
1.Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle. 黎明时分,大雾弥漫,细雨蒙蒙.(简单句 分译)
2. The entire cable-car system recently got an overhaul after more than a century of operations, so you are on firm ground even if the streets seem to be tilting beneath you. 在运行了一个世纪之后,最近对整个缆车系 统进行了彻底检修.所以即使你觉得街道似 乎在下面倾斜,你在缆车上仍很安全.(并 列复合句)
4.I found the house suddenly, and stood there with my heart beating fast and tears coming to my eyes. 我突然找到那所房子. 我站在那里,心剧 烈地跳着,泪水也涌上眼睛. (并列分句)
既是形容词也是副词的英语单词
既是形容词也是副词的英语单词第一篇：既是形容词也是副词的英语单词(一）late/lately late 意为“迟，晚”，置于句末或动词后。
He goes to bed late and gets up tely 意为“近来，最近”，相当于 recently，可置于句首也可置于句末。
Lately I've collected a lot of foreign stamps.（二）pretty/prettily pretty 与 rather，very 相近，意为“相当，十分”。
It's pretty cold outdoors today.prettily 意为“漂亮地，有礼貌地”。
She was prettily dressed at the party.（三）hard/hardly hard 意为“努力地，猛烈地”。
It is raining hard.hardly 意为“几乎不，简直不”，常置于行为动词前或情态动词、助动词、系动词之后。
I was so tired that I could hardly walk.（四）new/newly new 作副词一般用在某些合成词中，常与过去分词构成合成形容词，两个词之间有连字符。
a new-born babya new-laid eggnewly 意为“新近地”，一般用于修饰过去分词，中间无连字符。
They are a newly married couple.Don't sit on the newly painted chair.（五）easy/easily easy 作副词意义和 easily 相同，但它仅用于某些惯用语中。
如： Take it easy.别着急。
Easy come，easy go.来得容易，去得快。
Easier said than done.说来容易做来难。
Stand easy！稍息！Easily 意为“容易地，轻松地，随便地”。
英语形容词和副词的用法讲解
Foreign Language Department COCO
2） late 与lately late意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late. What have you been doing lately ？ 3） deep与deeply deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时 常表示感情上的深度，“深深地” He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.
Foreign Language Department COCO
4.5 副词及其基本用法
副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他 结构。 一、副词的位置： 1） 在动词之前。 2） 在be动词、助动词之后。 3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动 词后。 注意：
Foreign Language Department COCO
Foreign Language Department COCO
4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前 面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia？ Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia？ She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.
Foreign Language Department COCO
中考英语语法-形容词和副词
形容词的顺序
P72-[1]-b 补充
一些特别说明：
2. 如果有名词作定语，名词要靠近被修饰词
a white cotton shirt
a new government policy
白棉布衬衫
政府的新政策
现在你明白了为什么材料放最后了吗？
形容词的顺序
P72-[1]-b 补充
一些特别说明：
3. 说明主观看法的词要比客观的离被修饰词远一些
generally unfortunately
often
seldom
副词的用法及位置
1. 副词修饰动词
P76-[2]-a
vt. 位于宾语之后
副词的位置
vi. 位于之后 如果有介宾结构，则位于介宾之后。
副词的用法及位置
P76-[2]-a 补充
1. 副词修饰动词
She has a __g_o_o_d__ voice. She sings __w__e_ll__.
Skydiving or Parachuting
让我们来看一道全国高考题
形容词充当的成分
P71-[1]-a 补充
2008年全国高考
After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _______.
A. hungry and tiredly
B√. hungry and tired
一般修饰词都放在形容词或副词前面。
副词的用法及位置
2. 副词修饰副词或形容词
P76-[2]-b
Sky-diving is _a_n_e_x_t_re_m__e_ly__d_a_n_g_e_ro_u_s_ _an_d__e_x_c_it_in_g_ sport.
英语副词的分类及用法
英语副词的分类及用法一、副词的识别和用法副词在句子中作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词本身或者整个句子。
我们可以通过以下方式来识别副词。
1、以-ly结尾的单一副词。
很多副词由“形容词+ly”构成，如carefully, successfully但要注意的是，“名词+ly”构成的是形容词，如friendly, brotherly, lovely, manly等。
2、在形容词、副词或者介词短语前。
有些副词并不是由加-ly构成的，如often, fast, there, then, very, quite, perhaps等，识别的办法是：如果它们置于形容词或副词前，便可断定是副词。
例如：She asked teachers for advice on her lessons very often. （在副词前）她经常就学习向老师请教。
Generally, our experiment was quite successful.（在形容词前）总的说来，我们的试验相当成功。
Much to my surprise, the cat came to life three days later.（在介词短语前）使我非常惊奇的是，这只猫三天后又活过来了。
3、在动词前或者后面。
修饰动词时，副词常置于动词前，有时也可后置。
例如：We drove slowly on the muddy road.我们在泥泞的路上缓慢地行驶。
4、单独置于句子之首，或者插在句子中间。
单个的词用逗号与句子隔开时，这个词多半是副词，作状语修饰整个句子。
例如：Fortunately, I was absent from the house when the earthquake occurred.幸运的是，地震发生时我不在家。
二、副词的分类1、方式副词。
多由形容词加-ly构成，例如patient / patiently, mad / madly, sudden / suddenly；也包括由-l结尾的形容词，此时l要双写，如beautiful / beautifully；一些介词短语也可以作方式状语。
第03讲频率副词(学生版+解析)-【暑假衔接】新七年级英语暑假精品课(牛津译林版)
【暑假自学课】2022年新七年级英语暑假精品课第03讲频率副词（解析版）【语法聚焦】一、常用频度副词表示动作发生的频率常用频度副词，常见的频度副词有：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never。
按频率大小排列顺序如下：always（100%）>usually（80%）>often（60%）>sometimes（40%）>seldom（20%）>hardly(5%)> never （0%）二、频度副词的位置频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词或助动词之后。
词汇用法实例always 意为“总是，一直”，是频率最高的词，表示动作反复，状态继续，不间断，与never反义My parents always take a walk aftersupper. 我父母总是晚饭后散步。
Usually意为“通常”，表示习惯性动作或状态，很少例外Usually he goes to work by bus. 他通常乘公共汽车去上班。
Often 意为“经常，时常”，表示动作或状态的反复，中间有间断，与seldom反义My aunt goes to the cinema quite often.我的阿姨经常去看电影。
Sometimes 意为“有时”，表示有时候会做或会有的情况，动作间隔较长，发生的频率比以上几个频度副词更低，相当于not very often。
其位置比较灵活，放在句首、句中、句末均可David sometimes comes here by bike.大卫有时候骑车来这儿。
Sometimes I really don’t want to doanything. 有时我真的不想做任何事情。
Seldom意为“很少，不常”，表示否定意义，发生的频率最低My family seldom eat meat. 我的家人很少吃肉。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
方式副词:
She don’t want to accept the man’s present, but she don’t want to hurt his feeling. She refused it gently ____.
They don’t want to solve the problem with violence. They hoped to see it settled ____. peacefully
5. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
副词
副词的类型
副词的作用
副词的构成 副词的比较级和最高级
副词的类型时间 地点句子方式language
疑问/连接/关系
component
程度/强调
时间副词:发生的时间和频率
你今晚有空吗？ Will you be free tonight.
副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法
1）more and more 越来越…
I hate him more and more. 翻译：劳动节越来越近了。 The May day is drawing nearer and nearer. 2) the more…the more 越…, 越… The more she thought, the more angry she got.
You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
无论什么时候，我这饭店免费对你开放。
You may speak freely; say what you like.
你可以畅所欲言，想说什么就说什么。
副词的比较级和最高级 1.我越来越讨厌他。 2.她越想越气。 3.你最好别烦她。 4.你应当懂得不要把所有钱都花在买衣服上。 5.他本想和我顶嘴的，但没有这样做。 6.他以前是个花花公子，后来改变了。
calmly冷静地，carefully仔细地，小心地， carelessly粗心地，patiently耐心地，politely礼貌地， proudly自豪地，properly适当地，quickly快速地， rapidly迅速地，suddenly突然，successfully成功地， willingly情愿地，warmly热情地 make sentences
1. Wife talking to her husband (who reads newspaper all day): I wish I were a newspaper so I'll be in your hands all day. Husband: I wish that too, so I could change you daily. 时间副词
1. Wife talking to her husband (who reads newspaper all day): I wish I were a newspaper so I'll be in your hands all day. Husband: I wish that too, so I could change you daily.
副词的构成 1.与形容词同形的副词有：deep ,high, hard, daily, early, fast, near, low , far, little, straight, pretty, enough, only, direct ect.
Memorize it
2. 形容词+ly构成副词 luckily, sadly, happily, naturally…
她老是改变主意。 She is constantly changing her mind.
地点副词:
她在国外留学。
She is studying abroad. 他们搬到城里去了。 They moved downtown.
here这里，there那里，upstairs楼上，downstairs 楼下，anywhere任何地方，above在上方，up上面， down下面，east向东，west向西
2. Fill in the blank
1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. __________ (Fortunate), there was no money in it. 2. Mobile phones are _________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.
翻译：我对他了解越深就越喜欢他。 The better I knew him, the more I liked him.
3) had better/had best 最好 You had better leave her alone. 翻译：你最好别等他们了。 You had better not wait for them. 4) know better than (to) do something 懂得不 宜做某事
5. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
副词的作用 1.作状语
1)修饰动词
2)修饰形容词
3)修饰副词
4)修饰句子
1.They listened to the teacher attentively and took notes every now and then. 2. The ticket is terribly expensive.
注意: 名词+ly构成形容词
name some of them
friendly, lovely, lonely, homely, manly, motherly, deadly, ugly, silly, likely, brotherly, timely…
She sang lovely. Her singing was lovely.
2） late 与lately late意思是"晚"；lately 意思是"最近" You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
3） deep与deeply
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情 上的深度，"深深地"。 她把棍子深深插进泥里。
She pushed the stick deep into the mud.
连老爸都被这电影深深打动了。 Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4） high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度much。 The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。
He spoke to me very friendly.
He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
3. 兼有两种形式的副词 1） close与closely close意思是"近"；closely 意思是"仔细地" He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
Test:
1. Give me some examples or make sentences: 1) name five adverbs of degree
2) name five adverbs of manner 3) use “know better than to do something” to make a sentenc 4) Use “think better of” to make a sentence
2. The worst way to miss someone is to be sitting right beside them knowing you can’t have them. 强调副词
3. Don’t try so hard, the best things come when you least expect them to. 程度副词 4. Can you tell me the reason why you are so unhappy? 关系副词 程度副词 地点副词
程度/强调副词:
perfectly clear awfully sorry utterly unreasonable partly right 十分清楚 非常抱歉 极不合理 对了一点
疑问副词，如：
how, when, where. why 放在特殊疑问句句首。 关系副词，如： when, where, why, whether, 引导定语从句。 连接副词，如： how, when, where, why, whether, 引导名词性 从句。
句子副词:
Honestly, I don’t know. 真的，我不知道。 Surprisingly, she has married again. 令人惊讶的是，她又结婚了。 Seriously now, you ought to take more care of your health. 说真的，你应该多主意身体。
修饰动词, 形容词，副词和句子
1. She is shaking her body crazily. 2. I am slightly faint when I stare at the picture. 3. She is moving too fast. 4. Honestly, I don’t take it as dancing.