考博英语真题 (2)
考博英语(语法)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（语法）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．That grand-sized pine tree______the horizon.(北京大学2005年试题)A．stands up well againstB．stands out good toC．stands out well againstD．stands up good to正确答案：C解析：stand out against sth．的意思是“突出，显眼”，符合题意。
stand up against 的意思是“抵抗，反对，同……对抗”；stand out to sth．无此搭配；stand up to sth．的意思是“经得起磨损”。
本题是说巨大的松树突出地显现在地平线上。
因此C项为正确答案。
2．“The effect of this medicine______by midnight,”the doctor told Emma, “You had better not try to read tonight. “(北京大学2005年试题)A．will wear offB．wears offC．will have worn offD．will be worn off正确答案：B解析：当表示普遍规律时应用一般现在时，因此B项为正确答案。
3．______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.(北京大学2005年试题)A．Being shown around the campusB．Having shown to the campusC．After been shown around the campusD．Having been shown around the campus正确答案：D解析：因为在was ushered into the auditorium hall之前就发生了be shown aroundthe campus这一动作，所以应用完成时的被动语态。
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。
（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．As skies fill with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming______: The fatter the bird, the more efficiently it flies.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．interruptionB．descriptionC．qualificationD．contradiction正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：interruption“中断”；description“描述”；qualification “资格”；contradiction“矛盾”。
contradiction一词总结了原句中解释性分句表达的意思。
所以，正确答案是D。
2．The party leader justified his subsequent re-election______that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．in the wayB．by no meansC．on the groundsD．to the extent正确答案：C解析：在给出的选项中：in the way“在路上”；by no means“绝不”；on thegrounds“基于”；to the extent“到……程度”。
所以，正确答案是C。
3． A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into contemporary English______young audience who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date.(浙江大学2010年试题)A．in memory ofB．at the cost ofC．on behalf ofD．for the benefit of正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：in memory of“纪念”；at the cost of“以某种代价”；onbehalf of“代表”；for the benefit of“为了某人的利益”。
医学考博英语试题及答案
医学考博英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题1分）1. The new drug is reported to be effective in treating_______.A. hypertensionB. hypotensionC. hyperactivityD. hypoactivity答案：A2. The patient's condition has been stable since the _______ of the medication.A. administrationB. admissionC. communicationD. commutation答案：A3. The doctor advised the patient to avoid _______ foods.A. allergenicB. allergicC. allergenD. allergy答案：A4. The _______ of the surgery was successful, but thepatient's recovery was slow.A. executionB. implementationC. performanceD. operation答案：D5. The _______ of the disease is influenced by genetic factors.A. progressionB. regressionC. transmissionD. transition答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇5分）Passage 1Recent studies have shown that a balanced diet can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. Experts recommend consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. It is also important to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of a balanced dietB. The role of fruits and vegetables in heart healthC. The dangers of salt, sugar, and saturated fatsD. The benefits of lean proteins and healthy fats答案：A6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT recommended for heart health?A. Consuming a variety of fruits and vegetablesB. Eating whole grainsC. Limiting the intake of salt and sugarD. Eating large amounts of saturated fats答案：DPassage 2The use of electronic health records (EHRs) has increased significantly in recent years. EHRs provide a comprehensive view of a patient's medical history, which can improve the quality of care. However, the implementation of EHRs also presents challenges, such as ensuring data privacy and security.7. What is the main advantage of EHRs mentioned in the passage?A. They provide a complete medical historyB. They improve patient-doctor communicationC. They reduce medical errorsD. They lower healthcare costs答案：A8. What challenge is associated with the use of EHRs?A. Ensuring data privacy and securityB. Training medical staff to use the systemC. Maintaining the hardware for the systemD. Complying with legal regulations答案：A三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In recent years, telemedicine has become increasingly popular as a means of providing medical care to patients in remoteareas. This approach allows doctors to consult with patients via video conference, 9. which can save both time and money. Telemedicine can also 10. provide access to specialized care that may not be available locally.9. A. therebyB. moreoverC. howeverD. otherwise答案：A10. A. potentiallyB. actuallyC. certainlyD. occasionally答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题15分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
医学博士英语试题及答案
医学博士英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is the most common cause of death in patients with heart failure?A. Heart attackB. Kidney failureC. Respiratory failureD. Sepsis答案：C2. The primary function of the liver is to:A. Produce bileB. Regulate blood sugar levelsC. Filter bloodD. Produce hormones答案：A3. In medical terminology, "icterus" refers to:A. JaundiceB. HematuriaC. DyspneaD. Edema答案：A4. The term "neuropathy" is most closely associated withwhich system of the body?A. Musculoskeletal systemB. Nervous systemC. Cardiovascular systemD. Respiratory system答案：B5. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing diabetes?A. High blood pressureB. Family history of diabetesC. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B答案：C6. The abbreviation "MRI" stands for:A. Magnetic Resonance ImagingB. Myocardial Reperfusion ImagingC. Metabolic Rate ImagingD. Mitochondrial Respiratory Index答案：A7. A patient with a diagnosis of "pneumonia" is most likely to exhibit which symptom?A. CoughB. DiarrheaC. RashD. Headache答案：A8. The "HIV" in medical terminology stands for:A. Human Immunodeficiency VirusB. Hepatitis Infection VirusC. Hemophiliac Infection VirusD. Hypertension Infection Virus答案：A9. Which of the following is a type of cancer that originates in the blood?A. LeukemiaB. MelanomaC. Lung cancerD. Breast cancer答案：A10. The "ICU" in a hospital setting refers to:A. Intensive Care UnitB. Inpatient Care UnitC. Imaging Control UnitD. Infection Control Unit答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The medical term for inflammation of the heart muscle is ________.答案：cardiomyopathy2. A(n) ________ is a medical professional who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat.答案：otolaryngologist3. The process of removing waste products from the body is known as ________.答案：excretion4. A(n) ________ is a type of cancer that originates in the prostate gland.答案：prostate cancer5. The abbreviation "CT" stands for ________.答案：computed tomography6. A patient with a diagnosis of ________ is experiencing difficulty in breathing.答案：asthma7. The medical term for the surgical removal of the appendix is ________.答案：appendectomy8. A(n) ________ is a medical condition characterized by high blood pressure.答案：hypertension9. The abbreviation "MRI" stands for ________.答案：magnetic resonance imaging10. The term "diabetes" refers to a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood ________ levels.答案：glucose三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. Explain the difference between a "benign" tumor and a "malignant" tumor.答案：A benign tumor is a growth that does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. It is generally not life-threatening and can often be removed surgically. In contrast, a malignant tumor is cancerous, meaning it can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems, posing a significant health risk.2. What is the role of the spleen in the human body?答案：The spleen is an important organ in the immune system, primarily responsible for filtering blood and removing damaged cells and bacteria. It also plays a role in the production of white blood cells and the storage of platelets and red blood cells. Additionally, the spleen helps in the recycling of iron from old red blood cells.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. Discuss the importance of a balanced diet in maintaining good health.答案：A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health as it provides the body with the necessary nutrients, vitamins, and minerals required for optimal functioning. Ithelps in maintaining a healthy weight, supports the immune system, promotes proper growth and development, and reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. A balanced diet typically includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, while。
华慧上海交通大学2012年考博英语真题阅读理解第二篇试题及参考答案
上海交通大学2012年考博英语真题阅读理解试题及参考答案(Two)Passage TwoGround-level ozone is an air pollutant that causes human health problems even at very low levels. It also damages crops and other vegetation. It is a key ingredient of urban smog. :Goof ozone” occurs naturally in the stratosphere approximately 10 to 30 miles above the earth’s surface and forms a layer that protects life on earth from the sun’s harmful rays.“Bad ozone” is formed in the earth’s lower atmosphere , near ground level, when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants, and other sources react chemically in the present of sunlight. Ozone pollution is a concern during the summer, months when the weather conditions needed to form ground-level ozone-lots of sun, hot temperatures-normally occur. The length of ozone season varies from one area of the United States to another. Southern and southwestern states may have an ozone season that lasts nearly the entire year.Ozone can irritate lung airways and cause inflammation much like sunburn. Other symptoms include wheezing, coughing, pain when taking it deep breath, and breathing difficulties during exercise of outdoor activities. People with respiratory problems are most vulnerable, but even healthy people who are active outdoors can be affected when ozone levels are high. Repeated exposure to ozone pollution for several moths any cause permanent lung damage. Anyone who spends time outdoors in the summer is at risk, particularly children and other people who are active outdoors. Even at very low levels, ground-level ozone trigger a variety of problems including aggravated asthma, reduced lung capacity, and increased susceptibility to respiratory illnesses like pneumonia and bronchitis.Ozone damage can occur without any noticeable signs. People who love in areas where ozone levels are frequently high may find that their initial symptoms go away overt time--particularly when exposure to high ozone levels continues for several days. Ozone continues to cause lung damage even when the symptoms have disappeared.46. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. “Bad zone” comes into existence in the Earth’s upper atmosphere.B. “Good zone” appears in the Earth’s lower atmosphere, near ground level.C. “Bad zone” only damages crops and other vegetation.D. Ground-level ozone is made up of pollutants emitted by cars,power plants, and so on.47. It can be learned from the passage that __________.A. Urban smog mainly consists of “good ozone”B. “Bad ozone” protects us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet raysC. Ozone pollution is especially harmful to people’s health in summerD. The states in the North and Northwest of the U.S may have the longest ozone season48. What does the word “vulnerable” (Line 16, Pare, 4) most probably mean?A. Hard to deal withB. Harmful and dangerousC. Easy to be hurt or affectedD. Hot in temper and hard to calm down.49. According to the passage, ground-level ozone causes the fallowing health problem EXCEPT__________.A.stomach cancerB. more serious asthmaC. decreased lung capacityD. pneumonia and bronchitis50. We can see that the passage is mainly about __________.A. “good ozone” and its function of protecting peopleB. ozone pollution and its effects on people’s healthC. the measures that Southern states of the U.S. Should take against ozone pollutionD. how people with respiratory problems should protect themselves from ozone pollution参考答案解析Passage Two【文章大意】本文主要讲述了地水准（基态）臭氧的形成和影响。
英语考博试题及答案
英语考博试题及答案一、词汇与结构（共20分）1. The _______ of the project will depend on the availability of funds.A) initiationB) implementationC) terminationD) qualification答案：B2. Despite his _______ efforts, he failed to convince the committee.A) trivialB) futileC) sincereD) superficial答案：C3. The _______ of the new policy has been widely discussed in the media.A) implicationsB) complicationsC) ramificationsD) repercussions答案：A4. She is a _______ of her father, showing great talent in music.A) descendantB) successorC) inheritorD) progeny答案：C5. The _______ of the old building was a significant event in the community.A) demolitionB) renovationC) constructionD) destruction答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。
Passage 1The rise of the internet has transformed the way we communicate, learn, and do business. It has opened up new opportunities and challenges for individuals and organizations alike.6. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of the internet.B) The impact of the internet on society.C) The technical aspects of the internet.D) The future of the internet.答案：B7. What does the author imply about the internet?A) It has only positive effects.B) It has both opportunities and challenges.C) It is a threat to traditional businesses.D) It is outdated and no longer relevant.答案：BPassage 2In recent years, there has been a growing interest in renewable energy sources due to environmental concerns and the need for sustainable development.8. What is the main reason for the interest in renewable energy?A) Economic benefits.B) Environmental concerns.C) Technological advancements.D) Government policies.答案：B9. What can be inferred from the passage?A) Renewable energy is widely adopted.B) Renewable energy is too expensive.C) There is a need for sustainable development.D) Environmental concerns are a recent issue.答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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考博英语真题
1. Introduction
考博英语真题是博士研究生入学考试的一部分，旨在评估
考生在英语听、说、读、写方面的综合能力。
本文将介绍考博英语真题的相关信息，包括考试形式和内容，以及考试的重要性和备考建议。
2. 考试形式和内容
考博英语真题通常分为听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分。
在考试中，考生需要通过听力理解和口语表达、阅读理解和写作能力、以及翻译技巧来展示自己的英语水平。
2.1 听力理解和口语表达
在这个部分，考生将会听到一段录音，并根据听到的内容
回答相关问题。
这旨在测试考生对于英语语音和语调的理解能力，以及口语表达的流利程度。
考生需要通过听力练习来提高自己的听力水平，在表达方面要注意语速、语调和语音准确性。
2.2 阅读理解
阅读理解部分包括阅读一篇英语文章，并回答相关问题。
这部分考试主要测试考生对于英语文本的阅读理解能力，包括对文章主旨、细节和观点的理解。
考生需要通过阅读大量英语文章来提高自己的阅读理解能力，学会抓住关键信息和进行有效的分析。
2.3 写作能力
写作部分要求考生根据所给的题目或议题撰写一篇短文。
这部分考试主要测试考生的写作能力和逻辑思维能力。
考生需要通过练习写作来提高自己的组织和表达能力，注意文章结构、语法和词汇的使用。
2.4 翻译技巧
翻译部分要求考生根据所给的句子或段落，将其翻译成相
应的英文。
这部分考试主要测试考生的翻译能力和对于中英文之间的语言转换的掌握程度。
考生需要通过大量的翻译练习来提高自己的翻译能力，学会准确表达中文含义。
3. 考试的重要性
考博英语真题在博士研究生入学考试中占据重要的地位。
英语是国际学术交流的重要工具，博士研究生需要具备一定的英语能力来阅读国际期刊论文、撰写学术文章、与国际学者进行交流。
通过考博英语真题的考试，学校可以对考生的英语能力进行评估，以选择适合的研究生。
4. 备考建议
要取得好的考试成绩，考生需要做好充分的备考准备。
•首先，考生需要了解考试的形式和内容，确定备考的重点和重要性。
•其次，考生需要通过大量的听力和阅读练习，提高自己的英语理解能力和阅读速度。
•还可以参加英语口语训练班或找到语伴，提高自己的口语表达能力。
•此外，考生可以通过参加写作培训班或请教教授来提高写作能力。
•最后，考生还可以利用翻译软件或参考翻译书籍进行翻译练习，提高自己的翻译能力。
5. 结论
考博英语真题是博士研究生入学考试中的重要组成部分，考生需要通过这个考试来展示自己的英语水平。
通过合理的备考，提高自己的听说读写翻译能力，考生有望取得好的考试成绩，顺利进入博士研究生阶段。