从中国日报和时代周刊看中西报刊语言的异同

On the Language Differences in Magazines Between East and West: a Comparative Study of China Daily andTimes从中国日报和时代周刊看中西报刊语言的异同AbstractThis paper illustrates the artistic expressive effects of the difference by analyzing Chinese-English newspaper China daily and English-English newspaper Times. In order to improve the quality of non-native English newspapers, and make them learn from each other by culture inclusiveness.In addition, examination of differences between Chinese English texts and native English texts not only facilitates intercultural communication between China and other countries, especially English-speaking countries in the world, but also brings some insights to the wide spread of English in China and further recognition and standardization of newspaper’s writing.Key words：Contrastive writing patterns；rhetorical patterns; Newspaper text摘要本文旨在从文体学的角度阐述英语报刊文章的语言特色, 从而为报刊语言的发展，报纸的形式以及中国文化下的报刊可以向西方报刊值得借鉴的东西提供一些参考。

此外，报刊的阅读对写作水平也有一定的提高，通过对两份报纸的比较，找出写作的一些重要信息。

关键词：写作方式对比研究；修饰模式；新闻报刊CONTENTSChapter1 Introduction (1)1.1Background I nformation (1)1.2Research Q uestions (2)Chapter 2 A Contrastive Analysis of Articles between China daily and Times (3)2.1 Rhetoric A pplication (4)2.2 Language Difference (5)2.3 Paragraph Development (6)Chapter3 Implication for Chinese-English newspaper and Native English Newspaper (9)3.1 Implications for Intercultural Communication (10)3.2Implications for Contrastive Text Studies (11)3.3 Implications for EFL Pedagogy (12)Chapter 4 Conclusion (13)References (14)Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 Background InformationThe globalization of English in the past few decades helps to promote a dramatically increasing number of English learners and users in China. Additionally, in recent years more and more English newspapers and magazines are released by various Chinese organizations and societies, which greatly facilities China’s international communi cation. In the academic circle, scholars advocate that on maintaining the common core of international English, each nation should keep its own national identity, for language is not only the carrier of culture, but also part of culture. This fact, however, serves that on adopting the international formula of English, English texts under different cultural backgrounds also maintain their own writing traditions. This phenomenon can also be interpreted by the contrastive rhetoric hypothesis that there exist preferred rhetorical styles within text, which are specific to cultural-linguistic communities. The founder of contrastive rhetoric, American applied linguist Robert Kaplan (1966:13) stated that language and writing are culture specific, and therefore it varies from culture to culture and even from time to time within a given culture. The difference in rhetoric reflects the mainstream writing conventions unique to each culture Contrastive rhetoric is a field of inquiry that focuses on the different writing conventions of text. Although originally proposed as a pedagogical solution to the problem of second language (L2) organizational structures,contrastive rhetoric has seen a significant growth as an independent discipline with continuous modifications and perfections having been made in the past four decades. During the 1980s, the development of research approaches, such as text linguistics and discourse analysis, helped to improve the methodological orientation of contrastive rhetoric research (Enkvist, 1987; Leki, 1991). As a result, researchers have begun to study organizational structures of both first language (L1) and L2 written discourse more vigorously and systematically (Martin, 1992), and contrastive rhetoric has come to be defined in a broader term, encompassing more than just the organizational structures (Conner, 1996; Ostler, 1996).The contrastive rhetoric study between the Chinese and English writings has also witnessed a flourish in the past forty years. However, most of the researches have been conducted either between Chinese texts and English texts or between Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ English compositions and native English-speaking students’compositions. Few comparisons have been made between “accomplished”English texts written by Chinese-speaking writers and English-speaking writers. Besides, newspaper argumentative articles, a major mass media genre which bears a great influence upon both the general public and the academic circle, have not been adequately studied. Addressing somemethodological insights from the previous studies, the present study takes the thematic progression and theory of cohesion of text linguistics as its analytic frameworks and focuses on some features of text-level rhetoric which can be observed in newspaper argumentative texts written in different cultural backgrounds, in the hope of contributing knowledge to the similarities and differences in rhetorical patterns between Chinese English1.2 Research Questions1.what’s the difference between china daily and times in language?2. what’s the difference between china daily and times in paragraph development?3.Can writing be improved by reading native English newspaper?Chapter 2 A Contrastive Analysis of Articles between ChinaDaily and Times In this chapter, the findings are discussed following the research questions concerning the rhetoric application, words contrast and paragraph developing models of the selected texts. Based on this discussion further implications are revealed in the next chapter.2.1 Rhetoric ApplicationThe results reveal that the rhetorical features of argumentative texts from China Daily and Times bear both similarities and differences, all of which must be seen as tendencies, given the small size of the sample. The principal results of the investigation are discussed in accordance with the research questions.The differences between China Daily texts and Times texts in thematic progression show different ways of expression of two variable English texts, in light of the fact that Parallel Progression and Linear Progression denote different ways of expression respectively. Parallel Progression shares the same theme but different themes. In other words, it builds all the new information on the same given information, or around the same central topic. In this sense, it can be taken as a linear way of expression. And the fact that 52.6% of the thematic progression employed in NYT texts is Parallel Progression indicates the mainstream way of expression in native English texts is linear development. This result has also been ensured by the later findings of linear and non-linear paragraph developing models of both newspaper texts. Since linear way of expression is so prevailing in NYT texts, it can not be neglected either that Parallel Progression also ranks second in CD texts, which may show that Chinese English texts also has a comparatively large tendency of linear way of expression. There may be two reasons for this tendency. First, the ever more frequent intercultural communication with other nations in the world leads to the acceptance of general international norms as well as the common language regulation. It is true that in using a language, whether native or foreign, one can not avoid revealing his national imprint. But an ever-growing contact between people from different nations requires a swift, direct and easy-going way of expression in order to meet success in intercultural communication. The linear way of expression in western tradition thus meets this requirement and prevails along with the English language. Chinese English texts, which adhere to the linguistic norm of English language on one hand, also keep a balance between English and Chinese rhetorical traditions as well. In recent years, it even has a trend for Chinese English texts to adhere more to the English way of expression.Second, newspaper argumentative texts as a genre also attributes to the high usage of linear development. The purpose of newspaper argumentative articles is toinfluence the opinions of readers on some controversial issue. Therefore, it requires an explicit way of argumentation and reasoning, which serves best to the construction of opinion. Although linear way of expression in both CD texts and NYT texts becomes a prominent feature, it is also noteworthy that in CD texts, more than 50% of the thematic progression employed is Linear Progression. In Linear Progression, the theme or part of the theme of previous utterance develops into a new theme, with which a new theme is elicited and this theme or part of this theme again becomes the theme of the next utterance.This type of progression resembles the traditional Chinese rhetorical device of Chain Repetition, which means join head and tail of the adjacent sentence. Although Linear Progression can not be simply taken as a linear or non-linear way of expression, the high employment of it in CD texts shows a cultural transfer of Chinese rhetorical tradition2.2 Language DifferenceThe news is based on the features of its shortage comparing with other articles. In that case, it should list the main information of the news, and the followings are least important information i n accordance to readers’ c ourisity. The methods of news writing can be categized into two ways:One is according to the time, and the other is from most important to least important one. Besides news are closely related to ordinary people’s life so that the word are required to be easily understood., taking China daily as an example. Since it is a Chinese-English newspaper, and mainly written by Chinese English learners, the language are written in Chinese ways with less slangs. Comparatively words in Times are accurate.It is said that “Short words are best, and old words, when short, are the best of all. Being well applied with this principle, the followings can be regarded as examples:About is better than with reference toAlthough is better than despite the fact that, meeting is better than rendezvous.In both newspapers small words will be attach much importance to(1)New bar on immigrants(Dui yi min de xin jing ling )。