美国文学常识练习题
美国文学练习册大题
美国文学练习册大题1. Time grew worse and worse with RipVan winkle as years of matrimonyrolled on : a tart temper never mellows with age , and a sharp tongue is the only edge tool that grows keener by constant use . For a long while he used to console himself , when driven from home , by frequenting a kind of perpetual club of the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages of the village .A. Identify the author and the title of the work..B. What’s the meaning of this passage?A. Washington Irving: Rip Van WinkleB. With his wife‟s dominance at home , the situation became harder and harder for Rip Van Winkle. His wife‟s temper became worse and she scolded him mor ofthen .He had to stay in the club with other idle people .2. A lime in long array wher they wind betwixt green islands , They take a serpentine course , their arms flash in the sun-hark to the musical clank, Behold the silvery river, in it the splashing horses literng stop to drink Behold the brown-faced men , each group , each person , a picture , the negligent rest on the saddles , Some emerge on the opposite bank , others are just entering the ford-while Scarlet and blue snowy white , the guidon flags flutter gayly in the wind .A.Who is the author of this poem ?B.What is the essence of this poem?C.What is the unique character in this poem ?A. Walt WhitmanB. Itreminds its reader of a picture of a scene of the American Civil War.C. ①All the movements described in this picture are frozen .②While sounds are depicted, it‟s more likely that they come out of the watcher‟s imagination, rather than from the picture itself.3. My tongue , evry atom of my blood, form’d from this soil , this air ,Born here of arents born here from parents the same , and their parents the same , I , now thirty-seven years old in perect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death . the title that the poem had used when published.B.What does”soil”or “air”stand for ?C.What idea do the above four lines ?A.“Song of Myself””Poemof Walt Whitman”,”an American”and “Walt Whitman”B.America, his country , his native landC.The author implied that I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now on devote my whole life to the countryQuestions and Ansers.I. Emerson is generally known as an essayist. What’s the style of his proses?Emerson …s essays often have a casual style , for most of them were derived from his journals of lectures.They are usually characterized by a series of short , declarative sentences, which are not quite logically connected but will flower out into illustrative statements of truth and thoughts. Emerson‟s philosophical discussion is sometimes difficult to understand but the uses comparisons and metaphors to make the general idea of his work clearly expressed.Well-read in the classics ofW estern European literature , Emerson often employed these literary sourcesto make and enrich his own points but never let them take the full reins of his discussion .In general , Emerson was showing to the world a distinctive American style , as he called for in The American Scholar in 1837.II. Why is Hawthorne regarded a master of symbolism?Hawthorne is a master of symbolism , which the took from the Puritan tradition and bequeathed to american literature in a revivified form . the symbol can be found everywhere in his works . The letter”A “in “The Scarlet Letter”is a good example .DisscussionIII. Give a brief analysis of the theme and the artistic features of Herman Melville’s “Moby-dick”“Moby Dick”, the first American prose epic, is about Ahab, a man with an obssession to kill the whale which has cripped him , on board his ship in chase of the big whale , but it turned out to be a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe , aspiritual exploration into man, deep reality and psychology .Symbolism is the important means for the theme . Besides , Melville‟s gifts of language, invention , psychological analysis, speculative agility and narrative power are fused to make the novel aworld classic.IV. Whitman is a giant of American Lettrs . Discuss Whitman’s art of poem , the language , the characters, etc. Whitman‟s poetic style is marked by the se of the poetic”I”.What he prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is “free verse”, that is , poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.Whitman‟s poetry is relatively simple and even rather crude .Most of the pictures he painted with words are honest , undistorted images of diffeent aspects of1. the Eyes around-had wrung then dry- And Breaths were gathering firm For that last Onset-when the king Be witnessed- in the Room-A. What is the meaning of the first line ?B .What does”the king refer to ?c. What idea does the poem from which this stanza is taken express?”A. the relatives and friends had cried and cried so that there were no tears any more .b. “The king ” refers to the God of death .c. The poem expresses that the author even imagined her own death , the loss of her own body , and the journey of her sould to the unknown2.This is my letter to the World/ That never wrote to Me-/ The simple News that Nature told _/With tender Majesty .A.Who is the author of the stanza ?B. Which period does the poem belong to ?C .What idea does the poem express?A. Emily Dickinsonb. The Realistic Period.C. The poem expresses Dickinson‟s anxiety about her communication with the outside world .3.So I was full of trouble , full as I could be ; and didn’t know what to do . At last I had an idea , and I says . I’ll go and write the letter- and then see if I can pray . Why , it was astonishing , the way I felt as l ight as a feather , right straight off, and my troubles all gone . So I got a piece of paper and a pencil ,all glad and excited, and set down and wrote:A Who does “I” referto ?B. Explain why I was full of trouble first , then my troubles all gone .c. Use a sentence to summarize the image of “I”A. Huckleberry, the protagonist of the novel”Adventures of Huckleberry Finn”b. First Huck couldn‟t decide whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watson where Jim is , the he had an idea and wrote an appropriate letter .Questions:1. What are the characteristics of American naturalism ?Pleasse discuss the above questionin relation to basic principles of litrary naturalism .A. The most familiar themes in American naturalism is the theme of human bestiality , especially as an explanation of sexual desire .b. Artistically naturalistic writings are usually unpolished in language , lasking in academic skills and unwieldy in structure.c. Philosophically , the naturalists believe that the real and true is always partially hidden from the eyes of the individual, or beyond his control .D. The author‟s tone in writing becomes less serious and less symathetic but mor ironic and more pessimistic .2. What is the theme of Henry James’novel Daisy Miller?Daisy Miller embodies the spirit of the New World , but her innocence , an admiring but dangerous quality , and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.Discussion.I. “Sister Carrie” is the greatest literary work by Theodore Dreiser. Discuss Carrie Meeber , the protagonist of the novel.A. Social background: The impact of Darwin‟s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the 19th century french literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism:American naturalism.B. Sister Carrie best embodies Dreiser‟s naturalistic belief that while men are controlled and conditioned by heedity, instinct and chance , a few upsophiticated human beings refuse to accept their fate and try to find meaning and purpose for their existence . carrie, as one of such , senses that she is merely a cipher in an nearing world yet seeks to grasp the mysteries of life and there-by satisfies for social status and material comfort.2. Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20the century”stream of consciousness”novels and the founder of psychological realism . Based on his work”Daisy Miller ”, briefly discuss how he achieved this glory .A. James‟s fame generally rests upon his novels and sories with the international theme.B. Henry James‟ literary criticism is an indispensable part of his contribution to literature . It is both concerned with form and devoted to human values.c. James‟ emphasis on psychology and on the human consciousness proves to be a big breakthrough in novel writing and has great influence on the coming generations .D. Henry James is not only one of the most important realists of the period before the First World War,The apparition of these faces in the crowd; /Petals on a wet , black bough.”A. From which poem does the stanza come ?Who is the author ?B. What does the “petals”mean?A. In a Station of the Metro, Ezra PoundB. Here “patals” stands for “human faces”2.He pulled back the blanket from the Indian’s head . His hand came away wet . He mounted on the edge of the lower bunk with the lam in one hand and looked n . The Indian lay with his face toward the wall. His throat had been cut from ear to ear. The blood had flowed down into a pool where his body sagged the bunk . His head rested on his left arm . The open razor lay , edge up , in the blankets.A.Identify the writing and the writer.B. What does the “where his body sagged the bunk” mean?A.Indian Camp, Ernest HemingwayB.It means the bunk sank down under the weight of his body .3.I shall be telling this with a sign Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood and I- I took the one less traveled by / And that has made all the differenceWho is the author of this poem?A.Identify the title of the short poem from which this part is taken ?B.In one or two sentences, interpret the implied meaning of the las two lines .A.Robert Lee FrostB. The Road Not T akenC. Confronted the dillema, I made a choice and “took the one less traveled by . As a result , all the differences have been made .QuestionsI. Compared with earlier writings , especially those of the 19th century, what are the characteristics of modern American writings ?A typical modern work will seem to begin arbitrarily , to advance without explanation, and to end without resolution.B.The book is no longer a record of sequence and coherence but a juxtaposition of the past and the present , of the history and the memory.c.there are shifts in perspective , voice , and tone , but the biggest shift is from the external to the internal , from the public to the private , from the chronological to the psychic, from the objective description to the subjective projection.D.The traditional educated literary voice , conveying truth and culture, has lost its authority to a more detached and ironic tone .E. Vignettes of contemporary life, dream imagery and symbolism drawn from the authors‟private repertory of life experiencs are also important .II.What is the relationship between William Faulkner and American South Literature ?A.Most of Fulkner‟s works are set in the American South.B. He emphasizes the Southern subjects and consciousness in his works.C.His works have managed successfully to show a panorama of the experience and consciousness of the whole southern society .III.What is “The Lost Generation”?When the First World War broke out , many young men volunteered to take part in “the war to end wars”only to find that modern warfare was not as glorious or heroic as they thought it to be . Disillusioned and disgusted by the frivolous, greedy, and heedless way of life in America , they began to write and they wrote from their own experience in the war. Smong these young writers were the most prominent figures in American literature, especially in modern American literature, The y were basically expatriates who left America and formed a community of writers and artists in Paris, involvedwith other European novelists and poets in their experimentation on new modes of thought and expression.IV. How do you understand Hemingway’s”Iceberg Principle ” according to his works?A.Hemingway once said ,”The dignity of movement of any iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.”B. According to Hemingway, good literary writing should be able to make readers feel the emotion of the characters directly and the best way to produce the efect is to set down exactly every particular kind of feeling without any authoral comments , without conventionally emotion language, and with a bare minimum of adjectives and adverbs .Discussion:V. Based on “The Great Gatsby”,discuss the characteristics of Fitzgerald’s works.a.Fitzgerald‟s fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of the Jazz Age, in which he shows a particular interest in the upper class society , especially the upper-class young people .b.Fitzgerald never spared an intimate touch in his fiction todeal with the bankruptcy of the American Dream.c. Fitzgerald is a great stylist in American literature. His style , closely telated to his themes, is explicit and chilly. His accurate dialogues, his careful observation of mannerism, styles, models and attidudes provide the reader with a vivid sense of reality .d.He follows the Jamesian tradition in using the scenic method in his chapters ,each one of which consists of one or more dramatic scenes, sometimes with intervening passages of narration, leaving the tedious process of transition to the readers‟ imagination.VI. Discuss Hemingway’s art of fiction: his style , the particular typoe of hero in his novels , and his life attitude s, etcT ypical of this “iceberg” analogy is Hemingway‟s style .“Grace under pressure is actually an attitude towards life that Hemingway had been trying to demonstrate in his works .In his works , he depicts characters as brave and unyielded heroes.In his works, human speech is full of accents and mannerisms and the use of short , simple and convential words and sentences has an effect of clearness.。
美国文学史选择题
美国文学史选择题1.Of all the following issues, _____is definitely NOT the focus of the Romantic writers in the American literary history.（） [单选题] *A. Puritan moralityB.Human bestiality(正确答案)C.Noble savagesD.Divinity of man2. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.（） [单选题] *A. Walden Pond(正确答案)B.The PioneersC. NatureD."Song of Myself"3. "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quotefrom______’s writings.（） [单选题] *A. Walt WhitmanB.Henry David ThoreauC.Herman MelvilleD.Ralph Waldo Emerson(正确答案)4. ’Leaves of Grass’ commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.（） [单选题] *A. the democratic ideals(正确答案)B.the romantic idealsC. the self-reliance spiritsD.the religious ideals5. According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________.（） [单选题] *A. democratB.individualist(正确答案)C.romanticistD.leader6. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as ___________.（） [单选题] *A. The Naturalist PeriodB.The Modern PeriodC.The Romantic Period(正确答案)D.The Realistic Period7. In the following works, which sign the beginning of the American literature?（） [单选题] *A. The Sketch Book(正确答案)B. Leaves of GrassC. Leather Stocking TalesD. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn8. _____is the author of the work ’The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’.（） [单选题] *A. Washington Irving(正确答案)B.James JoyceC.Walt WhitmanD.William Butler Yeats9. Washington Irving’s ’Rip Van Winkle’ is famous for_________.（） [单选题] *A. Rip’s escape into a mysteriousB.The story’s German legendary source materialC.Rip’s seeking for happinessD.Rip’s 20-years sleep(正确答案)10. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving?（） [单选题] *A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories.B. Irving’s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination can hardly be ignored considering his success both abroad and at home.C. Irving’s taste was essentia lly progressive or radical.(正确答案)D. Washington Irving has always been regarded as a writer who "perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced."11. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.（） [单选题] *A. Nature(正确答案)B.Self-RelianceC.The American ScholarD.The Over-Soul12. The phrase "a transparent eye-ball’ compares philosophical mentation of Emerson’s. It appears in_________.（） [单选题] *A. The American ScholarB.Nature(正确答案)C.The over SoulD.Essays: Second Series13. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmeasas :Our Intellectual Declaration of Independence".（） [单选题] *A. "Self-Reliance"B."Divinity School Address"C. "The American Scholar"(正确答案)D."Nature"14. "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors does the mention belong to________.（） [单选题] *A. Washington IrvingB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Nathaniel Hawthorne(正确答案)D.Walt Whitman15. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as________.（） [单选题] *A. saviorsB.Villains(正确答案)C. CommentatorsD.observers16. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except_______.（） [单选题] *A. The House of the Seven GablesB. White Jacket(正确答案)C.The Marble FaunD.The Blithedale Romance17. Walt Whitman is radically innovative in the form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subject is__________.（） [单选题] *A. free verse(正确答案)B.blank verseC.lyric poemD.heroic couplet18. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman?（）[单选题] *A. Lyrical and well-structured(正确答案)B.Free-flowingC.Simple and rather crudeD.Conversational and casual19. " The horizon’s edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud. These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day." The two lines are taken from____________.（） [单选题] *A. "There Was a Child Went Forth" by Walt Whitman(正确答案)B."In a Station of the Metro" by Ezra PoundC.C. "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" by Walt WhitmanD."Ulysses" by Joyce20. "Moby Dick" is regarded as the first American_________.（） [单选题] *A. Prose epic(正确答案)ic epicC.Dramatic fictionD.Poetic fiction21. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.（） [单选题] *A. mystery of the universeB.sin of the whale(正确答案)C.power of the great NatureD.evil of the world22. Which of the following comments on the writings by Herman Melville is not true?（） [单选题] *A. "Bartleby, the Scrivener" is a short story.B. "Benito Cereno" is a novella.C. The Confidence---Man has something to do with the sea and sailors.(正确答案)D. Moby-Dick is regarded as the first American prose epic.23. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is____, therefore, self-reliant.（） [单选题] *A. insignificantB. vicious by natureC. divine(正确答案)D. forward-looking24. Emily Dickinson was sometimes curious about the feeling of speech of death and in one of her poems she wrote about the______of death, the title of the poem is "I heard a Fly buzz when I died". （） [单选题] *A. moment(正确答案)B. sufferingC. happinessD. meaning25. Theodore Dreiser belonged to the school of literary ______which emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances.（） [单选题] *A. naturalism(正确答案)B. realismC. determinismD. humanism26. More than five hundred poems that Dickinson wrote are about nature, in which her general _____about the relationship between man and nature is well expressed.（） [单选题] *A. skepticism(正确答案)B. eulogyC. happinessD. denial27. "This is my letter to the World" is a poem expressing Emily Dickinson’s _____about her communication with the outside world.（） [单选题] *A. happinessB. angerC. Anxiety(正确答案)D. sorrow28. Though secluded herself in her own house, Emily Dickinson was never really indifferent of the outside world, as could be seen in her poems such as "I like to see it lap the Miles", which describes a(n) ______, an embodiment of modern civilization.（） [单选题] *A. snakeB. animalC. the roadD. train(正确答案)29. After "The Adventure of Tom Sawyer", Twain gives a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a book called_____, and the book from which "all modern American literature comes".（） [单选题] *A. Life on the Mississippi RiverB. The Gilded AgeC. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn(正确答案)D. The Sun Also Rises30. Winterbourne is used as a ______in Henry James’s "Daisy Miller".（） [单选题] *A. ProtagonistB. Narrator of the eventsC. A character of central consciousness(正确答案)D. Persona31. Emily Dickinson’s verse is most aptly characterized as ___________.（） [单选题] *A. exposing the evils of the societyB. paving the way for the following generation of free verse poetsC. sharing the same poetic conventions as Walt WhitmanD. exhibiting sensitiveness to the symbolic implications of experience, such as love, death, immortality and etc.(正确答案)32. The author of "The Portrait of a Lady" is best at_______.（） [单选题] *A. probing into the unsearched secret part of human lifeB. a truthful delineation of the motives, the impulses, the principles that shape the lives of actual men and women.C. a dramatizing the collisions between two very different cultural systems on an international scene(正确答案)D. disclosing the social injustices and evils of a civilized society after the Civil War.33. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _____________.（）[单选题] *A. the Age of RealismB. the Age of Modernism(正确答案)C. the Age of RomanticismD. the Age of Colonicalism34. Who exerts the simple most important influence on literary naturalism? （） [单选题] *A. EmersonB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Darwin(正确答案)35. One of the most familiar themes in American naturalism is the theme of human"______".（） [单选题] *A. bestiality(正确答案)B. goodnessC. compassionD. greed36. ______is considered by H.L. Mencken as "the true father of our national literature."（） [单选题] *A. HemingwayB. PoeC. IrvingD. Twain(正确答案)37. Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.（） [单选题] *A. grandB. pompousC. simpleD. vernacular(正确答案)38. Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with________.（）[单选题] *A. international theme(正确答案)B. national themeC. European themeD. Regional theme39. In the following writers, who is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century "Stream-of-consciousness" novels and the founder of psychologicalrealism______________.（） [单选题] *A. Henry James(正确答案)B. Mark TwainC. Emily DickensonD. Theodore Dreiser40. In Henry James’ "Daisy Miller", the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of ___________.（） [单选题] *A. the corruption of the newly richB. the free spirit of the New World(正确答案)C. the decline of aristocracyD. the force of convention41. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of poetic expression of Emily Dickinson’s?（） [单选题] *A. War and peace(正确答案)B. Love and marriageC. Life and deathD. Religion42. The following titles are all related to the subject that escapes from the society and returns to nature except__________.（） [单选题] *A. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie(正确答案)B. Copper’s Leather-Stocking TalesC. Thoreau’s WaldenD. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn43. The greatest work written by Theodore Dreiser is__________.（） [单选题] *A. Sister CarrieB. An American Tragedy(正确答案)C. The FinancierD. The Titan44. Closely related to Emily Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning___________.（） [单选题] *A. ChildhoodB. Youth and happinessC. LonelinessD. Death and immortality(正确答案)45. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,_________became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.（） [单选题] *A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realism(正确答案)D. naturalism46. Ezra Pound is a leading spokesman of the_________.（） [单选题] *A. Imagist Movement(正确答案)B.Chartist MovementC. Modernist MovementD.Romantic Movement47 Strong affinity of the Chinese and Oriental literature can be found in the worksof_________.（） [单选题] *A. Mark TwainB.Ezra Pound(正确答案)C.Emily DickinsonD.Arthur Miller48.In Robert Frost’s famous poem "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening", there are four lines like these: “The woods are lovely, dark and deep, / But I have promises to keep, / And miles to go before I sleep,/ And miles to go before I sleep”. The second sleep refers to______.（） [单选题] *A. die(正确答案)B.calm downC. fall into sleepD.stop walking49. Of the following American poets, whose work was first recognized in England and then in America?（） [单选题] *A. Robert Frost(正确答案)B.Walt WhitmanC.Emily DickinsonD.Wallace Stevens50. "For I have had too much/ Of apple-picking: I am overtired/ Of the great harvest I myself desired" From these lines we can conclude that the speaker __________.（） [单选题] *A. is happy about the harvestB.is tired of the work of apple-picking\(正确答案)C.is not tired when seeing the harvestD.becomes indifferent of the job。
美国文学试题库
美国文学试题库
一、选择题
1. 下列哪位作家被誉为“美国短篇小说之父”？
A.马克·吐温
B.爱默生
C.莎士比亚
D.海明威
2. 著名小说《傲慢与偏见》的作者是？
A.查尔斯·狄更斯
B.简·奥斯汀
C.夏洛蒂·勃朗特
D.莫言
3. 哪位作家被称为“美国现代诗歌之母”？
A.西莉亚·普拉斯
B.艾米丽·狄金森
C.露易丝·格莱兹
D.玛丽·奥利弗
4. 林肯总统的“葬礼演说”是由哪位作家完成的？
A.埃德加·爱伦·坡
B.拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
C.赫尔曼·梅尔维尔
D.爱米莉·狄金森
5. 下列哪部作品是由海明威创作的？
A.《傲慢与偏见》
B.《老人与海》
C.《威尼斯商人》
D.《包法利夫人》
二、简答题
1. 请简要介绍一下美国文学的发展历程以及其代表作品。
2. 谈谈你对马克·吐温作品的理解以及他在美国文学史上的地位。
3. 分析简·奥斯汀小说《傲慢与偏见》中人物形象和情节发展。
4. 通过阅读爱默生的论文，你认为他对美国文学和文化的影响是什么？
5. 谈谈海明威的小说创作风格及其代表作品对世界文学的影响。
三、论述题
请结合你对美国文学史上的经典作品和作家进行深入分析，论述美国文学对世界文学的影响以及其独特之处。
美国文学习题与练习
美国文学习题与练习I. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry GodQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Who are the sinners in the hands of an angry God?2. What does the expression that the speaker has chosen imply?3. Why can t the wicked Israelites foresee the destruction to which they are exposed?4. Why do wicked men deserve to be cast into hell?5. Why are the wicked Israelites not fallen already?6. Is there anything a natural man can do to secure himself from hell?7. What can keep wicked men out of hell?8. Why is God so angry with the wicked men who are now on earth?9. What would happen if God should withdraw his restraining power?10. Under what circumstances is God under an obligation to keep a natural man from eternal destruction?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What imagery does the speaker use to describe the invincibility of God？2. Give one example of the speaker s metaphorical mode of perception.3. Find two epigrams in the texts.4. What is the speaker s purpose of depicting such a horrifying image of the wicked men dangled over the pit of hell?5. What effect do you think this sermon will have on the listeners?A Question for WritingWhat religious doctrines of the Puritans are portrayed in Jonathan Edwards sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”?II. From The AutobiographyQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Why did Franklin set up a Public Subscription Library in Phila-delphia?2. What did the Library afford him?3. What did he consider as a means of obtaining wealth and distinction?4. What did Franklin regard as the essentials of every religion?5. Make a shorthand list of the memorable anecdotes Franklin tells about himself.6. According to the selection, why did Franklin cr eate his “Method” for “moral perfection”?7. Can you summarize Franklin s “Method”for “moral perfection”?8. What surprised Franklin when he began to follow his plan for self-examination?9. What satisfaction did he have? What gave him the most trouble?10. At first Franklin s list contained twelve virtues. Why did he later add Humility to his list?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. How would you describe Franklin s writing style?2. What is Franklin s purpose of writing The Autobiography? And how does that purpose change throughout the work?3. Franklin often struggles to strike a balance between promoting humility and promoting his accomplishments. How successful is he in maintaining this balance?4. Discuss Franklin s optimism as a young man versus the diminished optimism he has as an adult looking back on his life. How do the two work together?5. How does Franklin employ humor in The Autobiography? Find three examples of humor or worldly wisdom that help illustrate why Franklin was regarded as one of the wittiest Americans of the eighteenth century.6. How can writing an autobiography contribute to self-knowledge? By way of example, explain what Benjamin Franklin The Autobiographer comes to see about Benjamin Franklin the young man.A Question for WritingMany critics regard The Autobiography as a statement about American national identity. What ideals does the book convey? And why are these ideas worth pursuing?III. From NatureQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. According to paragraph 1 in the “Introduction”, what does Emerson say would happen if the stars appeared one night in a thousand years?2. According to paragraph 2, why does Emerson believe that the stars awaken a reverence in people?3. When do natural objects make a similar impression of reverence?4. How does Emerson describe the lover of nature?5. What does Emerson mean when he says, “In the woods too, a man casts off his years”?6. Why does Emerson say, “I am part particle of God”?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What is Emerson s idea about the relationship between man and nature?2. According to Emerson, what is the distinction between adult and children?3. Where does Emerson believe the power for a true relationship between man and God comes from?4. What Transcendental ideas does Emerson express in this essay?A Question for WritingWhat does Emerson mean when he describes himself as “a transparent eyeball” when he is in the woods? How does this state of mind affect his relationship with God?From Self-RelianceQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. What does the Epilogue to Beaumont and Fletcher s Honest Man s Fortune imply?2. What, according to Emerson, is the highest merit that we ascribe to great men?3. According to Emerson, under what conditions will man be “happy and strong”?4. What, according to Emerson, does society require of its members?5. According to Emerson, what will happen if we live truly?6. What does Emerson want the American people to declare?7. What does Emerson urge people to do?8. What lessons do the great figures of the past teach us about the concept of self-reliance?9. What is the central doctrine in Emerson s ethical thought?10. Is Emerson optimistic or pessimistic about human nature and human potential?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. In this essay, Emerson points out what conformity leads to, and advocates self-reliance. What is the foundation of self-reliance?2. Emerson maintains that a true individual must be willing to face the consequences of thinking individually and critically and he must not be trapped into mediocrity by his own fear of being inconsistent or not in step with his peers. Find some examples from this essay to show his individualism.3. Today most people like traveling. But why does Emerson say that the soul is no traveler and traveling is a fool s paradise?4. According to Emerson, society never advances. It recedes as fast on one side as it gains on the other. For everything that is given, something is taken. For instance, the civilized man has built a coach, but has lost the use of his feet. Do you agree with him? Why or why not?5. What is Emerson s most striking stylistic quality?6. Emerson uses many epigrams in this essay. List some examples to show the stylistic features of his writing.A Question for WritingTo what extent can the concept of self-reliance be considered a fundamental American idea?IV. The RavenQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. What was the narrator doing when he first heard the tapping?2. What did he see when he opened the door?3. What did he see when he flung the shutter?4. Where was the raven? And what did it look like?5. Why did the narrator associate the raven with an agent of the supernatural?6. What was the only word that the raven spoke?7. Why did the narrator think that the raven spoke only one word?8. What did he guess the word “Nevermore” meant?9. What did he ask the bird to do toward the end of the poem?10. Did the bird leave the narrator alone at the end of the poem?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What do you think the raven symbolizes? Why?2. Evaluate the narrator s emotional state at the beginning of the poem, in the last but one stanza, and in the last stanza.3. In this poem the raven steadily repeats the word “Nevermore”. What do you think is the poet s intention of letting the raven repeat this word?4. What is the theme of this poem? Is it Poe s favorite theme?5. Poe often uses sound devices to produce a musical effect. Find out and discuss the sound devices that he uses to produce a musical effect in the poem.A Question for WritingPoe believes that the function of poetry is not to describe and interpret earthly experience, but to create a mood in which the soul is elevated to supernal beauty. Describe the mood of this poem, and discuss its relations with Poe s idea of the function of poetry.V. The Minister’s Black VeilQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. How does the black veil, when the minister first wears it, affect his parishioners?2. How does the black veil affect the minister s sermons that Sunday morning?3. What is the villagers response to the minister s black veil?4. What happens in the afternoon when the minister bends over the coffin of a young lady?5. What happens during the wedding of a handsome couple that night?6. Why do the deputies fail in their attempt to remove the minister s black veil?7. Elizabeth thinks that the veil might well be a “symptom of mental di-sease”. What is the specific nature of the disease? What evidence is there to suggest that she might be right?8. “Among all its bad influ ences, the black veil had the one desirable effect of making its wearer a very efficient clergyman.” Explain what this desirable effect is?9. Why does the Reverend Mr. Clark persuade Father Hooper to remove his black veil before he dies?10. When the minister is dying, he says: “I look around me, and, lo! On every visage a Black Veil!!” What does he imply?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. “All through life that piece of crape had hung between him and the world; it had separated from cheerful brotherhood and woman s love, and kept him in that saddest of all prisons, his own heart.”What effect does the veil have on Mr. Hooper s life?2. Mr. Hooper dislikes the black veil himself. His antipathy to the veil is known to be so great that he never willingly passes before a mirror, nor stoops to drink at a still fountain. Why does he persist in wearing it?3. The black veil is the major symbol in the story. What do you think is its function in the story?4. Does Hawthorne believe that ever yone seems to cover up his innermost “evil” in theway the minister tries to convince his people with his black veil? If he does, do you agree with him?5. Hawthorne and Emerson are contemporaries and they are both members of the Transcendental Club, but they have different views of man and the world. Discuss the differences between these two writers.A Question for WritingIntellectually intrigued by the prospect of evil, Hawthorne s fiction is noted for its pessimistic reflection of a world dominated by Puritanism. Does he recognize a decadence inherent in Puritanism and the oppressing guilt and secrecy to which it inevitably leads?VI. When I Heard the Learn’d AstronomerQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. What aids does the astronomer use during his lecture?2. What does the speaker feel about the lecture as he listens?3. Where does the speaker go when he wanders off?4. What does the speaker do after he leaves the lecture room?5. What is the difference between the astronomer and the speaker?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What wisdom does the speaker find that the astronomer and his audience do not have?2. What is the rhythmic pattern of the poem? What does this pattern imply?3. What poetic devices are employed in this poem? And what is the effect?4. What does this poem have in common with Romantic or Transcendentalist poetry that you have read? In what way is it different?Cavalry Crossing a FordQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. What is the central image in the poem?2. What are the four parts of the image?3. What adjectives does the poet use to paint this verse picture?4. What do lines 3 and 4 imply?5. Do the soldiers really care about the war?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What functions does the central image perform in the poem?2. What atmosphere does the poem create?3. What is the poet s attitude toward the war?4. Comment on the poet s attitude toward the war.Come Up from the Fields, FatherQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Who receives the letter and calls the father and mother to the front door?2. What is the mother s reaction to receiving the letter?3. What has happened to the son?4. Why does the poet describe the prosperous farm in Ohio?5. What is the effect of the news on the mother?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What contrast does the poem build?2. What is its effect of this contrast on the reader?3. What idea does the poem present?4. Why does the poet use the word “better” three times in the poem?Out of the Cradle Endlessly RockingQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. What is the effect of the use of the repeated preposition such as out, over, down, up, from?2. Describe the plot line of this poem.3. What happens to the two birds in the poem?4. What does the sea symbolize?5. What does the sea show the boy?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. How does this poem link Whitman to the Romantics?2. Describe Whitman’s account of his development as a poet.3. What is Whitman’s attitude toward “death”?4. Why does the speaker say “My own songs awaked from that hour”?A Question for WritingWhat is uniquely American about Whitman’s poetry? Consider both his theme and style.VII. A Bird Came down the Walk—Questions for Reading Comprehension1. What does the bird eat in the natural world?2. Why does the bird hop sidewise to let a beetle pass? Does the bird fear the beetle?3. What does the speaker do in stanza 4?4. Is the bird frightened by the speaker? Why?5. What does the speaker compare the bird s movement to in stanza 5?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What kind of atmosphere do the first two stanzas create?2. Interpret the implied meaning of line 2: “He did not know I saw—”.3. What effect does the comparison in stanza 5 impose on the poem?4. What is Dickinson s attitude toward nature?I Died for Beauty—But Was ScarceQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Why does the first speaker “I” say that he was scarcely adjusted?2. Why does the second speaker “he” ask, “Why I failed”?3. The second speaker says, “We Brethren are”. What does he mean?4. What happens to the two speakers toward the end of the poem? And what does it imply?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What is the theme of the poem?2. Does this poem have anything to do with Dickinson s principle of poetic composition?Because I Could Not Stop for Death—Questions for Reading Comprehension1. What does Death s carriage hold?2. What are the three things that the speaker and Death pass in stanza 3?3. What is the “House”in the ground in stanza 5? Is this the speaker s final destination?4. Is the speaker in this poem alive or dead? What day is she describing?5. Why does the day seem so long to the speaker?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What do lines 1 to 2 suggest about human behavior?2. What might the three things the speaker pass in stanza 3 represent?3. What is Dickinson’s idea about death and immortality?A Question for WritingWhat are the features of Dickinson’s poetry that impress you most?VIII. The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras CountyQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Why does the first narrator call on Simon Wheeler?2. Whom does Simon Wheeler talk about? Why does he talk about him?3. Where is the narrator from? Is he educated?4. Where do you think old Simon Wheeler lives?5. Did Simon Wheeler have a good education? Why or why not?6. Why does the writer name the pup and the frog after two American politicians?7. Why is Jim Smiley s frog defeated by the stranger s?8. Do you think Simon Wheeler is a good story-teller?9. How does the first narrator respond to the story of Jim Smiley?10. How does Simon Wheeler counteract the ridiculousness of the story about Jim Smiley?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What are the differences in character and cultural background between the firstnarrator and the second narrator Simon Wheeler?2. How do these differences contribute to the humor of the story?3. How does the first narrator s language differ from that of the second? How do the differences contribute to the reliability of their narration?4. Conflicts arise when the East meets the West. How does Mark Twain present the two sides involved in the conflict?5. As a typical western hoax, the story tells about how the weak succeed in “hoaxing” the strong. In what way does the story reflect the re-ality in the California Mining camps?A Question for WritingMark Twain once said, “I see no great difference between a man and a watch, except that a man is conscious and a watch is not.” How does Mark Twain view human nature? How does the story reflect the writer’s view of hum nature?IX. The Law of LifeQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Who is the narrator of the story?2. In which season does the story take place? And who are those people in the story?3. Why is Old Koskoosh deserted by his people?4. Why does Old Koskoosh give up fighting for his life?5. How does Old Koskoosh justify the fact of being deserted?6. What do you think would happen to Old Koskoosh in the end?7. How does Old Koskoosh s death echo his hunting trip during his energetic youth?8. What, according to the story, is the law of life?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. While sitting there, Old Koskoosh recollects many things, including the famine days, the plenty days, and his hunting trip. How do his recollections contribute to the theme of the story?2. What does the title “The Law of Life” suggest?3. What do you think of the Indian tradition of “deserting the old”, taking into consideration the harsh circumstances at the time of the story?4. How does the author view the relationship between man and nature?5. What are the naturalistic views revealed in this story?A Question for WritingLondon once told Charmian, his second wife, “To me the idea o f death is sweet. Think of it—to lie down and go into the dark out of all the struggle and pain of living—to go to sleep and rest, always to be resting...When I come to die, I will be smiling at death, I promise you.” How does London’s attitude toward death find its way into this story?X. In a Station of the MetroQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Where does the narrator see the “faces”?2. What are the “faces” compared to?3. What adjectives does the narrator use to describe the “bough”? Ho w does the description foreground the “petals”?4. What are the two images juxtaposed in the poem?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. Does the poet supply you with any information about how you should think or feel about the poem?2. Why do es the poet use the word “apparition” rather than the word “appearance”?3. Pound himself mentions the following Japanese haiku (a two-line couplet with rhymes) in an essay. Compare “In the Station of the Metro” with this haiku and discuss their simila rities and differences.The footsteps of the cat upon the snoware like the plum blossoms.4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Imagist poetry, using this poem as an illustration?A Question for WritingIn what way does this poem reflect Imagist poetry?XI. The Road Not TakenQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Why does the speaker feel sorry in the first stanza?2. Why does the speaker think that the second road may have the better claim?3. Which road does he take? Why?4. Why does the speaker say that he will be telling this story with a sign “ages and ages hence”?5. Does the speaker think he has made the wrong choice? Why or why not?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What do the two roads represent?2. What does the speaker s choice tell about him?3. Are the two roads the same or different? What do their similarities or differences suggest?4. Why is the poem entitled “The Road Not Taken”?5. What rhythmical devices does the poet use in the poem?A Question for WritingWhat philosophy of life is implied in the poem? Have you met with any dilemmas in your life comparable to the speaker’s?Mending WallQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. How many characters are there in the poem? Who are they?2. What is the thing that “doesn t love a wall”(line 1)?3. What happens as a result of the fact that “Something there is that doesn t love a wall”? What other kind of destruction to the wall is described in Lines 5 to 9?4. How do the speaker and his neighbor go about fixing the wall at spring mending-time (Lines 12 to 22)?5. What is the central issue or subject matter in the poem?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What kind of darkness surrounds his neighbor? And why is the neighbor compared toa savage?2. Why does the speaker say that the wall stays always where we do not need it (Line 23)?3. What does the wall symbolize? What do people wall in and wall out?4. How is the speaker s attitude towards the wall different from his neighbor s?5. What do the speaker and his neighbor represent respectively?A Question for WritingHow do you understand “Good fences make good neighbors” (Line 27)?Stopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Why is the owner of the woods unable to see the speaker stopping by his woods?2. What causes the speaker to stop?3. What is the horse s response when the speaker stops?4. When and where does the event in the poem take place?5. Why does the speaker find the woods lovely?6. What must the speaker do before he goes to sleep?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What is the function of the horse in the second and third stanzas?2. What internal conflict does the speaker experience when he decides to leave the woods?3. What might the incident by the woods represent?4. Why does the poet repeat the line “And miles to go before I sleep”? Does the meaning of the word “sleep” alter in a ny way?5. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? What effect does this rhyme scheme create? Or how is the poem “knit” to a close?XII. A Clean, Well-lighted PlaceQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Why does the old man come to the café and get drunk every night?2. What is the reason for the old man s attempted suicide?3. Neither of the two waiters in the story is named, and their dialogue is not identified.However, the reader is still able to distinguish them, mainly through their different attitudes towards the old man drinking at the café. In what ways do the two waiters differ?4. What different views do the two waiters hold towards life?5. How does the old man carry himself when he leaves the café?6. Why is the middle-aged waiter reluctant to close up for the night?7. What does he do on the way home?8. “Nothing” is the key word in the story. What deeper meaning does the author give it as the story unfolds?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. Notice the contrast between “darkness” and “light” in the story. What sy mbolic meanings does the title of the story “A Clean, Well-lighted Place” bear?2. What information can you gather about the social background and the setting of the story?3. Lord s Prayer appears at the end of the story with some key words replaced by the Spanish word “nada”, which means “nothing”. Why?4. What effect does Hemingway create by not naming any of his characters in the story? How do you understand the last sentence, “Many must have it”?5. What are the principal features of Hemingway s style?A Question for WritingHemingway’s major theme is “grace under pressure,”that is, keeping one s dignity in the face of extreme situations. How is this theme presented in the story?XIII. A Rose for EmilyQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. Where is the story set?2. Explain the basic plot in its chronological order. Is it in accordance with the narrative order?3. Does Miss Emily love Homer Barron? And does he really love her?4. What is Miss Emily s attitude towards her father? Why doesn t she cry when her father dies?5. Why does Miss Emily kill Homer Barron? What motivates her to do that?6. Why does Miss Emily keep Homer Barron s body in her room?7. The character of Miss Emily is revealed in several episodes in the story. What kind of person is she? And what does she represent?8. What is the attitude of the people of the town toward Miss Emily and her family?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. What do Miss Emily s house and its surrounding suggest to you? What does the story say about the male-female relationships in American society of that time?3. Except for the title, a rose is never mentioned in the story. Why do you think Faulkner chooses this title?4. Who is the narrator of the story? What do you know about him? Can you list his“values”? Are his values shared by the town?5. Is this narrator reliable? Does the sex identity of the narrator affect the narration in any way?A Question for WritingMany critics have interpreted Miss Emily as a symbol of the post-Civil-War American South. Do you agree with this interpretation?XIV. Desire Under the ElmsDiscussion Questions for Appreciation1. Abbie says that Eben’s mother would be pleased that he does what she asks him to do. Does Eben believe in it or not? Why or why not?2. It is in Eben’s mother’s parlor that Abbie finally succeeds seducing him. What is the significance of this arrangement?3. In 1929, O’Neill says, “What has influenced my plays the most is my knowledge of drama of all time,—particularly Greek drama.” Some critics also point out that Hippolytus, Phaedra and Medea serve as the prototypes of some of the characters in the play. With whom are Hippolytus and Phaedra identified in the play? And Medea? Please justify your viewpoint.4. One critic points out, “The meaning and unity of his ［O’Neill’s］work lies not in any controlling intellectual idea and certainly not in a “message”, but merely in the fact that each play is an experience of extraordinary intensity.” Do you think that this play is an experience of extraordinary intensity?A Question for WritingO’Neill is said to be interested in the theory of the psychologist Sigmund Freud: the power of irrational drive, the existence of subconscious, the roles of repression, suppression, and inhibition in the formation of personality and in adult suffering; the importance of sex; and above all, the lifelong influence of parents. Can you justify at least two aspects of Freud’s influence on O’Neill by quoting evidence from the excerpt?XV. The Catcher in the RyeQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. To what does Holden compare Phoebe s behavior when she finds out that he was expelled from Pencey?2. Where does Holden say that his father will send him when he learns that Holden has been expelled?3. Even though Holden likes Mr. Spencer, he considers him a phony, why?4. What was the Pencey alumnus looking for when he came to Holden and Stradlater s dorm?5. When Holden thinks about the nuns, what does he picture them doing?6. One of Holden s classmates, James Castle, commits suicide by jumping from a dormitory window while wearing Holden s sweater. What do you make of this?7. What does Holden think of his dead younger brother, Allie?8. Discuss Holden s relationship with Phoebe citing specifics from their conversations.Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden seems to be talking to another person. Who do you think that person is?2. Why do you think this novel is frequently subject to censorship efforts in public schools and libraries? How might you defend the book against efforts to remove it from school libraries?3. Though Holden never describes his psychological breakdown directly, it becomes clear as the novel progresses that he is growing increasingly unstable. How does Salinger indicate this instability to the reader while protecting his narrator s reticence?4. Humor plays an important role in this story. Can you find some examples in this chapter? What does this imply about Salinger s view of the human condition?5. Holden often behaves like a prophet or a saint, pointing out the phoniness and wickedness in the world around him. Are there instances where Holden is phony, too? What do these moments reveal about his character and his psychological problems?6. What do you think Holden s future will be?A Question for WritingExamine carefully the description of the “catcher in the rye.” Analyze the symbols in this description. What are the kids falling into? What does “the rye” symbolize? Why does Holden want to be the catcher in the rye? What are the positive and negative aspects of his fantasy?XVI. Everyday UseQuestions for Reading Comprehension1. When offered the quilts before she left for college, Dee refused them, ashamed to own such “old fashioned” items. Upon her return, Dee covets the folk-art objects that comprise everyday reality for her mother and sister. What accounts for Dee s change of heart?2. Has she learned to appreciate her mother and her heritage?3. By what process do the quilts get made? What is remarkable about the social occasions which bring them into being?4. Which of the various facts about the quilts do Maggie and Dee “single out” as what is “essential” about the quilts for them?5. What are the differences in character between Dee and Maggie, and how do these show up in the differences between what the quilts mean to them?6. In “Everyday Use,” Walker presents two very different perceptions of heritage and values as narrated through the viewpoint of a mother observing her two daughters. How does she describe each child? What use does the mother anticipate that Dee and Maggie would put the quilts to?7. What does the mother think of Dee s new name and the gentleman who accompanies Dee?8. The narrator indicates that she has not had much of an education, and that she is a strong, mannish, earthy woman. Is the narrator really as ignorant as she claims?Discussion Questions for Appreciation1. How do the two daughters act as foils to each other? What values does each represent, and。
美国文学史习题(可编辑修改word版)
I.Multiple choice. Please choose the best answer among the four items.(10 x 1’= 10’)1.In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment.was the dominant.A.humanismB. rationalismC. romanticismD. evolution2.The short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is taken from Irving’s worknamed .A.The Leatherstocking TalesB. The Sketch BookC. The AutobiographyD. The History of New York3.Which of the following is not the characteristic of AmericanRomanticism?A.RationalismB. inner selfC. personal feelingsD. individualism4.The short story “Rip Van Winkle” reveals the attitude of its author.A.optimisticB. pessimisticC. conservativeD. ironic5.Stylistically, Henry James’ fiction is characterized by .A.short, clear sentencesB. abundance of local imagesC. ordinary American speechD. highly refined language6.Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates inand Thoreau.A.JeffersonB. EmersonC. FreneauD. Mark Twain7.Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A.The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. OversoulD. Self-reliance8.is considered Mark Twain’s greatest achievement.A.The Gilded AgeB. Innocent AbroadC. The Adventures of Tom SawyerD. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.is not among those greatest figures in “Lost Generation”.A.Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. Walt WhitmanD. Hemingway10.Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writingbecomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more .A.rationalB. humorousC. optimisticD. pessimistic II.Multiple choice. Please choose the best answer among the four items.(10 x 1’= 10’)11.is the father of American Literature.A.Benjamin FranklinB. Philip FreneauC. PaineD. Washington Irving12.is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow stepped outside the mainstream of life.A.“Rip Van Winkle”B. “The Pioneers”C. “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”D. “The Fall of the House of Usher”13.was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A.ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman14.Which of following is NOT a typical feature o f Mark Twain’s language?A.vernacularB. colloquialC. elegantD. humorousFrom Thoreau’s jail experience, came his famous essay, which stateshis belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of agovernment.A. WaldenB. NatureC. Civil DisobedienceD. CommonSense16.Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A.The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. OversoulD. Self-reliance17.Most of the poems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” andthe as well.A.natureB. self-relianceC. selfD. life18.What did Fitzgerald call the 1920s?A.The Roaring 20sB. The Gay 20sC. The Jazz AgeD. The Lost Generation19.Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writingbecomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more .A.rationalB. humorousC. optimisticD. pessimistic20.For Melville, as well as for the reader and , the narrator, Moby Dick isstill a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A.AhabB. StubbC. IshmaelD. StarbuckII.Identify Works as Described Below (1’×15 =15’):1.The novel has a sole black protagonist who tells his own story but whosename in unknown to us.a.Native Sonb.Uncle Tom’s Cabinc.Invisible Mand. Go Tell It onthe Mountains2.The main conflict of the play is the protagonist’s false value of fineappearance and popularity with people and the cruel reality of the society in which money is everything.a.A Street Car Named Desireb. The Hairy Apec.Long Day’s Journeyinto Night d. Death of Salesman3.It is an autobiographical play and Edmund in the play is based on theplaywright himself.a.Long Day’s Journey into Nightb. Henderson the Rain Kingc. The Hairy Aped. The Glass Menageries4.The novel tells of how a black man kills a white woman by accident and howthe society is responsible for the murder.a.Native Sonb.Uncle Tom’s Cabinc.Invisible Mand. Go Tell It onthe Mountains5.is one of the best works in American literature about the SecondWorld War.a.A Farewell to Armsb.The Catcher in the Ryec.The Red Badge ofCourage d. The Naked and the Dead6.The novel by Hemingway is the best of its kind about World War I.a.A Farewell to Armsb.The Sun Also Risesc.The Old Man and the Sead. The Naked and the Dead7.The novel is about how a family of farmers cannot survive in Oklahoma andtravel to California to seek a living and how they suffer hunger in California.a.The Grapes of Wrathb. U.S. A.c.Babbittd. The Adventures of Augie March8.It is a trilogy including The 42nd Parallel, 1919, and The Big Money, withsuch techniques as biographies, newsreels and camera eye.a.Babbittb. Light in Augustc. U.S.A.d. The Grapes of Wrath9.It is a novel which uses the stream of consciousness technique and whosetitle is taken from Shakespeare’s Macbeth.a.Absolom, Absolom!b. The Sound and the Furyc.A Farewell to Armsd. The Great Gatsby10.It is a naturalistic work about how a country girl is seduced and how shebecomes a famous actress and how her lover falls into a beggar and finally commits suicide.a.An American Tragedyb. Sister Carriec. McTeagued.Maggie, A Girl of the Streets11.The novel is set on the Mississippi with the protagonist telling us the story inthe local dialect. It is a representative work of local colorism.a.Sister Carrieb.The Adventures of Tom Sawyerc. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnd.The Portrait of a Lady12.T he novel is a psychological study of a soldier (Henry Fleming)’s reactions inthe Civil War.a.An American Tragedyb. Sister Carriec.The Red Badge of Couraged. McTeague13.The poem is written in free verse in 52 cantos with the theme of theuniversality and equality in value of all people and all things.a.Cantosb. The Ravenc. Song of Myselfd.Chicago14.The novel is about how a group of people on a whaling ship kill a greatwhale but themselves are killed by the whale, with the conflict between man and his fate.a.The Octopusb. Moby-Dickc. The Rise of Silas Laphamd.Leaves of Grass15.It is a philosophical essay in 8 chapters plus an introduction mainlyconcerned with the four uses of nature.a.Waldenb. Naturec. The Scarlet Letterd. The American ScholarI.Choose the Best Answer for Each of the Following (1’×15=15’):1.An English ship brought 102 people from Plymouth, England on September 16, 1620 and arrived in the present Provincetown harbor on November 21 in the same year. This ship was named .a.The Pilgrimsb. Mayflowerc. Americad. Titanic2.is father of American drama and in his dramatic career he wrote 49 plays.a.Tennessee Williamsb. Eugene O’Neillc. Arthur Millerd. Elmer Rice 3.was the first American writer to write entirely American literature.a. Anne Bradstreetb. Washington Irvingc. Mark Twaind. Ernest Hemingway4.was the leader of American transcendentalism.a.Benjamin Franklinb. Washington Irvingc. Ralph Waldo Emersond. Henry David Thoreau5.was the greatest woman poet in American literature and she wroteabout 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.a.Pearl S. Buckb.Harriet Bicher Stowec. Emily Dickensond. Walter Whitman6. is father of the detective story and of psychoanalytic criticism.a.Washington Irvingb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Walt Whitmand. Edgar Allan Poe7.W illiam Dean Howells is concerned with the middle class life; writes about the upper class society, and Mark Twain deals with the lower class reality.a.Stephen Craneb. Frank Norrisc. Theodore Dreiserd. Henry James8.Which of the following is a naturalistic writer?a.William Dean Howellsb. Mark Twainc. Ernest Hemingwayd.Theodore Dreiser9.His writings are characterized by simple, colloquial language and deep thoughts. He is .a.Ernest Hemingwayb. William Faulknerc. F. Scott Fitzgeraldd. Mark Twain10.He wrote 18 novels all set in Jefferson Town, Yoknapatwapha County in thedeep south. He is .a.William Faulknerb. John Steinbeckc. Ernest Hemingwayd. Mark Twain11.is Jewish in origin and in many of his novels the American Jewsare major characters.a.Sinclair Lewisb. Saul Bellowc. Norman Mailerd. Jerome David Salinger12. is often regarded as the greatest American woman poet and she wrote over 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.a.Anne Bradstreetb. Robert Frostc. H.D.d. Emily Dickinson13.is father of American drama and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1936.a.John Steinbeckb. William Faulknerc. Eugene O’Neilld. Arthur Miller14.He was the first black American to write a book about black life with greatimpact on the consciousness of the nation and his masterpiece is one of the three classics about black Americans. Who is he?a.Richard Wrightb. Harriet Beecher Stowec. Langston Hughesd.Ralph Ellison15.Hemingway wrote about American compatriots in Europe whereaswrote about the Jazz age, life in American society.a.W illiam Carlos Williamsb. William Faulknerc. John Steinbeckd. F.Scott FitzgeraldI.C hoose the Best Answer for Each of the Following (1×15 %):2.The American Civil War broke out in 1861 between the Northern states and the South states, which are known respectively as the and the .a. N, Sb. Revolutionaries, Reactionariesc. Union, Confederacyd. Slavery, Anti-Slavery2.was praised by the British as the “Tenth Muse in America”.a.Anne Bradstreetb. Edward Taylorc. Thomas Pained. Philip Freneau3.M ark Twain was a representative of in American literature.a.transcendentalismb. naturalismc. local colorismd. imagism4.was the leader of American transcendentalism.a.Benjamin Franklinb. Washington Irvingc. Ralph Waldo Emersond. Henry David Thoreau5.T he greatest American poet and the first writer of free verse is .a.Washington Irvingb.Ezra Poundc. Walt Whitmand. Emily Dickinson6.is father of the detective story and of psychoanalytic criticism.a.Washington Irvingb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Walt Whitmand. Edgar Allan Poe7.Henry James is concerned with the upper class life; writes about the middle class society, and Mark Twain deals with the lower class reality.a.Stephen Craneb. Frank Norrisc. Theodore Dreiserd. William Dean Howells8.Which of the following is a naturalistic writer?a.William Dean Howellsb. Mark Twainc. Ernest Hemingwayd.Theodore Dreiser9.’s writings are characterized by simple, colloquial language and deep thoughts.a.Ernest Hemingwayb. William Faulknerc. F. Scott Fitzgeraldd. Mark Twain10. wrote 18 novels all set in Jefferson Town, Yoknapatwapha Countyin the deep south. .a.William Faulknerb. John Steinbeckc. Ernest Hemingwayd.Mark Twain11.is Jewish in origin and in many of his novels the American Jewsare major characters.a.Sinclair Lewisb. Saul Bellowc. Norman Mailerd. Jerome David Salinger12. is often regarded as the greatest American woman poet and she wrote over 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.a.Anne Bradstreetb. Robert Frostc. H.D.d. Emily Dickinson13.is father of American drama and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1936.a.John Steinbeckb. William Faulknerc. Eugene O’Neilld. Arthur Miller14.was the first black American to write a book about black life withgreat impact on the consciousness of the nation and his masterpiece is one of the three classics about black Americans.b. Richard Wright b. Harriet Beecher Stowec. Langston Hughesd. Ralph Ellison15.first used the “Jazz age” as the title of a collection of short storiesa.F. Scott Fitzgeraldb. William Faulknerc. John Steinbeckd. ErnestHemingwayII.Identify Works as Described Below (1×15 %):6.The play is about a stoker whose identity as a human being is not recognizedby his fellow human beings and who tries to find affinity with a monkey in the zoo and is finally killed by the animal.a. The Hairy Apeb. Henderson the Rain Kingc. Long Day’s J ourney into Nightd. The Glass Menageries7.The protagonist in this play is a crippled girl named Amanda.a.A Street Car Named Desireb. The Hairy Apec.Long Day’s Journeyinto Nightd.The Glass Menageries8.The hero of this novel tells about his own story to us but his name isunknown.a.Native Sonb.Uncle Tom’s Cabinc.Invisible Mand. Go Tell It on the Mountains4.It is an autobiographical play and Edmund in the play is based on theplaywright himself.a. Long Day’s Journey into Nightb. Henderson the Rain Kingc. The Hairy Aped. The Glass Menageries5.The novel tells of how a black man kills a white woman by accident andhow he is finally arrested and tried and sentenced to death.a.Native Sonb.Uncle To m’s Cabinc.Invisible Mand. Go Tell It onthe Mountains6.is one of the best works in American literature about the SecondWorld War.a.A Farewell to Armsb.The Catcher in the Ryec.The Red Badge ofCouraged. The Naked and the Dead6. The novel by Hemingway is the best of its kind about World War I.a.A Farewell to Armsb.The Sun Also Risesc.The Old Man and the Sead. The Naked and the Dead10.The novel is about how a family of farmers cannot survive in Oklahoma andtravel to California to seek a living and how they suffer hunger in California.b. The Grapes of Wrath b. U.S. A.c.Babbittd. The Adventures of Augie March11.It is a trilogy including The 42nd Parallel, 1919, and The Big Money, withsuch techniques as biographies, newsreels and camera eye.b. Babbitt b. Light in Augustc. U.S.A.d. The Grapes of Wrath12.It is a novel which uses the stream of consciousness technique and whosetitle is taken from Shakespeare’s Macbeth.a.Absolom, Absolom!b. The Sound and the Furyc.A Farewell to Armsd. The Great Gatsby10.It is a naturalistic work about how a country girl is seduced and elopes withHurstwood and how she becomes a famous actress and how her lover falls into beggary and finally commits suicide.a.An American Tragedyb. Sister Carriec. McTeagued.Maggie, A Girl of the Streets11.It is a novel with 135 chapters plus an epilog; in it a group of people on awhaling ship kill a great whale but they themselves are killed by the whale in the end, except Ishmael the narrator who survives by adhering to a coffin.b.Sister Carrie b.The Adventures of Tom Sawyerc.Moby Dickd. The Portrait of a Lady12.T he novel is a psychological study of a soldier (Henry Fleming)’s reactions inthe Civil War, in which wound is called the red badge which symbolizescourage.a.An American Tragedyb. Sister Carriec.The Red Badge of Couraged. McTeague13.The poem is written in free verse in 52 cantos with the theme of theuniversality and equality in value of all people and all things.a.Cantosb. The Ravenc. Song of Myselfd.Chicago14.The novel is about how a man falls economically and socially but who risesmorally because he gives up the opportunity to sell his factory to an English Syndicate, which would otherwise mean a ruin to that syndicate.a.The Octopusb. The Rise of Silas Laphamc. Moby-Dickd.Leaves of Grass15.It is a speech delivered at Harvard University. It is often hailed as the“declaration of intellectual independence” in America.a. The American Scholarb. Naturec. The Scarlet Letterd. WaldenII.Match the following (1×20%)A.Match Works with Their Authors1.Hugh Selwyn Mauberly2.W alden3.Autobiography4.The Scarlet Letter5.Leaves of Grass6.The Raven7.The Rise of Silas Lapham8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer9.Long Day’s Journey into Night10.The Old Man and the Seaa.Mark Twain b . Ernest Hemingwayc. Eugene O’Neilld. William Dean Howellse. Edgar Allan Poef. Walt Whitmang. Nathaniel Hawthorne h. Benjamin Franklini.Henry David Thoreau j. Ezra Poundk.Thomas Jefferson l. T.S. EliotB.Match the Characters with the works in which they appear.1. Hester Prynne2.Mrs. Touchett3.Frederick Henry4.Benjy Compson5.the Joads6.General Edward Cummings7.H olden Caulfield 7.Bigger Thomas8.Y ank 9.Happya.The Portrait of a Ladyb. The Scarlet Letterc. The Hairy Aped. A Farewell to Armse.The Sound and the Furyf. The Grapes of Wrathg. The Naked and the Deadh. The Catcher in the Ryei. Native Sonj. Death of a Salesmank.Invisible Manl.Catch-22III.Match the following (1’×20=20’)A.Match works with their authors1.Nature2.R ip Van Winkle3.Nature4.The Scarlet Letter5.Leaves of Grass6.The Raven7.The Rise of Silas Lapham8.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.Cantos10.The Old Man and the Seaa.Ezra Poundb. Ernest Hemingwayc. Mark Twaind. William Dean Howellse. Edgar Allan Poef. Walt Whitmang. Nathaniel Hawthorne h. Ralph Waldo Emersoni.Washington Irving j. Waldo Emersonk.T.S. Eliot l. Robert FrostB.Match characters with the works in which they appear.2. Captain Ahab and Starbuck 2.Isabel Archer3.Frederic Henry and Catherine4.Benjy Compson5.the Joads6.General Edward Cummings7.Holden Caulfield 8.Bigger Thomas9.The Tyrones 10.Willy Lomana.The Portrait of a Ladyb. Moby-Dickc. Death of a Salesmand. A Farewell to Armse.The Sound and the Furyf. The Grapes of Wrathg. The Naked and the Dead h. The Catcher in the Ryei. Native Son j. Long Day’s Journey into Nightk.Absalom, Absalom l. The Old Man and the SeaV.Essay Questions (30%; c hoose only ONE of the following three topics and write a short essay of at least 300 words. Note: [1]Your essay should have at least 3 paragraphs; you are not simply to make a list of facts.[2] You may give a title to your essay, but you are required to indicate which of the 3 topics it belongs to. [3]You are not to write on a topic of your own.1.To the best of your knowledge, analyze and make comments on Emerson’sNaturement on any American poet you like.3.Analyze and/or comment on any one of the American novels or plays youhave read.V. Essay Questions (30%; c hoose only ONE of the following three topics and write a short essay of at least 300 words. Note: [1]Your essay should have atleast 3 paragraphs; you are not simply to make a list of facts.[2] You may givea title to your essay, but you are required to indicate which of the 3 topics itbelongs to. [3]You are not to write on a topic of your own.)4.Make comments on an American novel we have discussed in this course.ment on an American poet.6.Describe how your knowledge of American literature is improved aftertaking this course..IV.Please answer the following questions briefly. (2 x 10’ =20’)1.Why do people think Franklin is the embodiment of American dream?2.What is “Lost Generation”?V.Discussion. (1 x 20’ =20’)State your own interpretations of Hemingway’s iceberg theory of writing?IV. Please answer the following questions briefly. (2 x 10’ = 20’)3.What is Hawthorne’s style? Explain the style with examples.4.At the end of the 19th century, there were three fighters for Realism. Whoare they? What are their differences?True or False. (10 x 2’= 20’)1.American literature is the oldest of all national literature.2.Thomas Jefferson was the only American to sign the 4 documents that created the US.3.All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil.4.Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about human psychology.5.Hurstwood is a character in Dreiser’s An American Tragedy.6.Faulkner’s region was the Deep North, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.7.Placed in historical perspective, Howells is found lacking in qualities and depth. But anyhow he is a literary figure worthy of notice.8.Faulkner’s works have been termed the Yoknapatawpha Saga, “one connected story”.9.As a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematical.10.Emily Dickinson expresses her deep love in the poem “Annabel Lee”.II.Decide whether the statements are True or False. (10 x 2’=20’)1.Early in the 17th century, the English settlements in Virginia and began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.2.American Romantic writers avoided writing about nature, medieval legends and with supernatural elements.3.As a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematical.4.“Young Goodman Brown” wants to prove everyone possesses kindness in heart.5.Henry James was a realist in the same way as one views the realism of Twain or Howells.6.The American realists sought to describe the wide range of American experience and to present the subtleties of human personality.7.Frost’s concern with nature reflected his deep moral uncertainties.8.Faulkner’s works have been termed the Yoknapatawpha Saga, “one connected story”.9.Roger Chillingworth is a character in Dreiser’s An American Tragedy.10.After the Civil War, the Frontier was closing. Disillusionment and frustration were widely felt. What had been expected to be a “Golden Age” turned to be a “Gilded” one.。
（完整版）美国文学史练习
（完整版）美国⽂学史练习Exercises of Chapter 2I. Multiple Choice1. Which of the following is NOT one part of The LeatherStocking Tales by Cooper?A. The SpyB. The PathfinderC. The PioneersD. The Deerslayer2. Which statement about Thoreau was NOT right?A. He was a lover of nature.B. He was a particular kind of romantic.C. He was a polemicist.D. He was a thorough transcendentalist.3. Which of the following has been called “the manifesto of American transcendentalism?”A. Divinity School AddressB. Self-RelianceC. NatureD. The American Scholar4. As a philosophical and literary movement, flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.A. sentimentalismB. transcendentalismC. modernismD. rationalism5. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as .A. the Modern PeriodB. the Realistic PeriodC. the Romantic PeriodD. the Naturalist Period6. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne EXCEPT .A. The Marble FaunB. TypeeC. The Scarlet LetterD. Mosses form an Old Manse7. Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickinson’s?A. I Heard a Fly Buzz When I DiedC. This is My Letter to the WorldD. I Like to See it Lap the Miles8. Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT.A. the strict poetic formB. the free and natural rhythmC. the easy flow of feelingsD. the simple and conversational language9. Poe’s first collection of stories is .A. Tales of a TravelerB. Leather Stocking TalesC. Canterbury TalesD. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque10. Which book is not written by Emerson?A. The American ScholarB. Self-RelianceC. NatureD. Civil Disobedience11. The first example of Hawthorn’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in .A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest12. The chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism is .A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Henry David ThoreauD. Washington Irving13. Transcendentalists recognized as the “highest power of the soul”.A. intuitionB. logicC. data of the sensesD. thinking14. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men15. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. This was .A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustinC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher16. Captain, My Captain is written for .A. LincolnB. WhitmanC. WashingtonD. Heminway17. Which of the following books is a tremendous chronicle of an appalling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale?A. The Scarlet LetterB. Moby DickC. The Marble FaunD. Moses from an Old Manse18. was the first man of letters from the United States to win and international reputation.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Washington IrvingC. James Fenimore CooperD. Longfellow19. Ralph Waldo Emerson is the most outstanding of all the writers in literature.A. transcendental/ EnglishB. transcendental/ AmericanC. realistic/ EnglishD. realistic/ American20. Edgar Allan Poe occupies an important position in American literature as a poet and a .A. short story writerB. novelistC. dramatistD. translator21. In Walden, who urges people to simplify their lives and look to nature for meaning?A. Robert FrostB. Walt WhitmanC. Henry David ThoreauD. Herman Melville22. The setting of the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is in .A. England during World War IIB. Paris during the French RevolutionC. the Middle Ages in ItalyD. Puritan America23. In Moby-Dick, the voyage symbolizes .A. the microcosm of human societyB. a search for truthC. the unknown worldD. nature24. Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual communication with .A. natureB. transcendentalist ideasC. human beingsD. celestial beings25. tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a puritan community are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways.A. Twice-told TalesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The House of the Seven GablesD. The Marble Faun26. is regarded as the first American prose epic.A. NatureB. The Scarlet LetterC. WaldenD. Moby-Dick27. Washington Irving’s social conservation and literary for the past is revealed, to some extent, in his famous story, .A. “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”B. “Rip Van Winkle”C. “The Custom-House”D. “The Birthmark”28. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT.A. mystery of the universeB. sin of the whaleC. power of the Great NatureD. evil of the world29. In Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, “A” may stands for .A. AdulteryB. AngelC. AmiableD. all the above30. For Melville, as well as for the reader and , the narrator, Moby-Dick is stilla mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A. StarbuckB. StubbC. IshmaelD. Arab31. was a romanticized account of Melville’s stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville become known as the “man who lived among cannibals”.A. Moby-DickB. TypeeC. OmooD. Billy Budd32. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following except .A. religionB. love and marriageC. life and deathD. war and peace33. Emily Dickinson’s poetic idiom is noted for the following except .A. brevityB. directnessC. plainest wordsD. obscure34. is the most ambivalent writer in the American literary history.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Walt WhitmanC. Ralph Waldo EmersonD. Mark Twain35. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear .A. saviorsB. villainsC. commentatorsD. observers36. In the history of literature, Romanticism is regarded as .A. the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experienceB. the thought that designates man as a social animalC. the orientation that emphasizes those features which men have in commonD. the modes of thinking37. In the poem “Song of Myself”, Whitman sets forth the principle beliefs of .A. the theory of universalityB. singularity and equality of all beings in valueC. both A and BD. none above38. Most of the poems in Whitman’s leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and theas well.A. natureB. lifeC. selfD. self-reliance39. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman?A. Lyrical and well-structuredB. Free-flowingC. Simple and rather crudeD. Conversational and casual40. In “I heard a Fly buzz-when I died”, Emily Dickinson describes the moment of death .A. passionatelyB. pessimisticallyC. in despairD. peacefullyII. Bland Filling1. The Romantic period in the American literary history covers the time between the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the civil war . It started with the publication of Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass . This period is also called Romanticism .2. Irving also wrote two biographies, one is The Life of Oliver Goldsmith, and the other is The Life of George Washington .3. In Song of Myself , Whitman’s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young growing America.4. Typee by Melville is a novella about a ship whose black slave cargo mutiny holds their captain a terrorized hostage.5. From Thoreau’s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay Civil Disobedience .6. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter .7. Published in 1823, The Pioneer , the first of The Leatherstocking Tales, in their publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.8. Edgar Allan Poe can somewhat be called “the Father of the American detective story”.。
外国文学常识专题练习
外国文学常识专题练习－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－外国文学常识专题练习（教案）1、海明威：美国小说家，一向以“文坛硬汉”著称。
他早期长篇小说《太阳照样升起》《永别了，武器》成为表现美国“迷惘一代”的主要代表作。
1954年他“因为精通叙事艺术，突出地表现在《老人与海》之中，以及他在他在当代风个性化所发挥的影响”，被授予诺贝尔文学奖。
2、“迷惘的一代”，是指第一次世界大战后在美国出现的一个文学派别。
1926年，海明威出版了第一部长篇小说《太阳照样升起》，他把“迷惘的一代”这句话作为小说的题辞，此后，“迷惘的一代”即被人们所承认。
所谓“迷惘的一代”，意思是指由于迷失了前进的方向而不知该怎么办的一代。
3、“冰山理论”：海明威说，“冰山在海里移动是很庄严宏伟，这是因为它只有八分之一露在水面上”。
他认为应该把身心、情感乃至语言与动作等八分之七的内涵隐藏起来，不要袒露出来。
它的理由是，所有这一切被省略的东西，读者会通过自己的想象加以连接与弥补的。
他的叙事极为收敛、简洁，传说他为追求简洁甚至站着写作，不让自己有多余的废话，甚至砍掉那些居于修饰意义和褒贬色彩的形容词。
4、弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙：英国现代著名小说家、评论家和散文家，英国文学界的一位传奇人物，被誉为现代小说高贵的女祭司、意识流文学的创始人、伟大的女权主义者。
代表作有小说《奥兰多》《一间自己的房间》《三个基尼》。
请我们学过的小说有《墙上的斑点》。
5、意识流：意识流小说是现代派小说的流派之一，20世纪初出现在欧美文坛上，它以法国现代哲学家亨利·柏格森的直觉主义和心理时间观为哲学背景，以奥地利心理学家弗洛伊的的精神分析学说为心理学基础，创作上侧重于人类意识流动，解释人类精神存在。
代表作品有爱尔兰作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》美国作家威廉·福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》，英国作家弗吉利亚·伍尔芙的《墙上的斑点》等。
美国文学史练习题
美国文学史练习题美国文学史练习题1、回答问题、回答问题What are the features of American Puritanism? What is transcendentalism? Transcendentalism: is a philosophic and literary movement that flourished in New England, partic ular at Concord, as a reaction against Rationalism and Calvinism. Mainly it stressed intuitive unde rstanding of God, without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind. The re presentative writers are Emerson and Thoreau. What is the main idea of Walden? Thoreau Thoreau’’s work demonstrates how the abstract ideals of libertarianism and individualism can be effectively instilled in a person ’s life. In Walden (1854) Thoreau explains his motives for living apart from society and devoting himself to a simple lifestyle and to the observation of nature. The book book not not not only only only displays displays displays Emersonian Emersonian Emersonian ideas ideas ideas of of of self-reliance self-reliance self-reliance but but but also also also develops develops develops Thoreau Thoreau Thoreau’’s s own own transcendental idea. For Thoreau, nature is not merely symbolic, but divine in itself and human beings beings can can can receive receive receive precise precise precise communication communication communication from from from the the the natural natural natural world world world by by by way way way of of of pure pure pure sense. sense. sense. To To achieve achieve personal personal personal spiritual spiritual spiritual perfection perfection perfection he he he thinks thinks thinks the the the most most most important important important thing thing thing for for for man man man is is is to to to be be self-sufficient. Wha t is the significance of Whitman ’s Leaves of Grass? The The work work work has has has always always always been been been considered considered considered a a a monumental monumental monumental work work work because because because of of of its its its uniquely uniquely uniquely poetic poetic embodiment of American democratic ideal. It has nine editions and the first edition was published in in 1855.In 1855.In 1855.In the the the giant giant giant work, work, work, Whitman Whitman Whitman shows shows shows concern concern concern for for for the the the whole whole whole hardworking hardworking hardworking people people people and and and the the burgeoning life of the cities. The realization of the individual value also found a tough position in his poems in a particular way. In celebrating the self, Whitman emphasizes the physical dimension of of the the the self self self and and and openly openly openly celebrates celebrates celebrates sexuality. sexuality. Some Some of of of his his his poems poems poems are are are politically politically politically committed. committed. Stylistically, Whitman experiments with a mixture of the colloquial diction and prose rhythm of journalism. The direct address is another salient feature of his poetry. He constructs a democratic “I ”, a voice that sets out to celebrate itself and the rapture of its sense experiencing the world. He initiated initiated the the the form form form of of of free free free verse verse verse in in in America America America that that that endows endows endows his his his poems poems poems with with with a a a flow flow flow of of of musicality musicality musicality a a sense of rhythm. What is J ames’ James’ “international theme”? “The international theme” refers to the moral and psychological complications when the American refers to the moral and psychological complications when the American innocence encountered the European sophistication The The typical typical typical Americans Americans Americans in in in James: James: James: fresh, fresh, fresh, enthusiastic, enthusiastic, enthusiastic, eager eager eager to to to learn, learn, learn, and and and basically basically “good ” , disregard of the conventions, stand for morality The The Europeans Europeans Europeans in in in James James James : : : highly highly highly cultivated, cultivated, cultivated, elegant elegant elegant in in in manners, manners, manners, but but but sophisticated. sophisticated. sophisticated. stand stand stand for for manners What is ImagismThe The Imagism Imagism Imagism came came came into into into being being being in in in Britain Britain Britain and and and U.S. U.S. U.S. around around around 19010 19010 19010 under under under the the the influnce influnce influnce of of of French French symbolism, chinese poetry and Japanese literature. The imagists, with Ezra Pound leading the way, hold that the most effective means to express these momentary expression is through the use of image. image. The The The main main main priciples priciples priciples are are are direct direct direct treatment treatment treatment of of of thing; thing; thing; using using using words words words for for for presentation presentation presentation and and and the the musical phrase. Ezra Pound ’s In a Station of the Metro is a well-known imagist poetry. 2、评论、评论1)In the Metro by Ezra Pound 在地铁车站在地铁车站The apparition of these faces in the crowd, Petals on a wet, black bough. 2) I ’m Nobody! Who Are You? By Emily Dickinson I'm nobody! Who are you? Are you nobody, too? Then there’s a pair of us — don't tell! They’d b anish us, you know. How dreary to be somebody! How public, like a frog To tell your name the livelong day To an admiring bog! 作者及作品的背景介绍、他人研究、作品内容、个人评价（意象、格律、修辞等）、影响及作用作用。
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美国文学练习题1. William Faulknerw(福克纳)is the author of ______.a. Far From the Madding Crowdb. Sound and Fury（喧嚣与骚动）c. For Whom the Bell Tollsd. Scarlet Lettera远离尘嚣Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代c.丧钟为谁而鸣（海明威的著作）d红字:纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）2. Robert Frost is a famous_______.a. novelist 小说家b. playwright 剧作家c. poet 诗人d. literary critic文学评论家3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ________.a. Jack Londonb. Charles Dickensc. Samuel Coleridged. Earnest Hemingway4. _______refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.a. Allegory 寓言b. Conflict 冲突，矛盾；斗争；争执c. Irony 讽刺；反语d. Flashback 倒叙；闪回5. The great transcendental 超验的work by Henry David Thoreau is______.a. Natureb. Walden瓦尔登湖c. Experienced. EssaysB亨利·大卫·梭罗（美国作家及自然主义者）6. Mark Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made acombination of _____and serious literature(严肃文学杨).a. American folk humor美国民间幽默b. funny jokesc. English folklore英国民俗d. American values7. Who was the first American to achieve an international literaryreputation after the Revolutionary War?谁是第一个人在独立战争之后美国实现国际文学声誉在独立战争之后a. Fennimore Cooper.b. Nathaniel Hawthorn.c. Walt Whitman.d. Washington Irving.D.华盛顿·欧文（美国文学史上最早的著名作家）8. I Have a Dream is addressed by _____.a. Abraham Lincolnb. John F. Kennedyc. Martin Luther Kingd. Ralph Waldo Emerson9. Which of the following is NOT a poem by Emily Dickinson?a. This is my letter to the world 这是我给世界的信b. I heard a Fly buzz—when I died我听到苍蝇的嗡嗡声——当我死时c. This is just to sayd. Because I could not stop for death因为我不能停下来等待死神C. "This Is Just To Say" (1934) is a famous imagist poem (意象派诗)by William Carlos Williams（威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯）10. Eugene O’Neil尤金·奥尼尔is an American ______.a. novelistb. playwright 剧作家c. poetd. essayist11. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the _______in the literary history of the United States.a. Age of Realism 现实主义b. Age of Classicalismc. Age of Romanticismd. Age of Renaissance12. With “Collected Poems(诗歌精选)”, ______won the second Pulitz er Prize.a. Ezra Pondb. e. e. cummingsc. Robert Frostd. William Cullen Bryant罗伯特·弗罗斯特4次获得普利策奖15. O. Henry earned his fame mainly for his ______.a. novelsb. poemsc. short stories 短篇小说d. dramas16. ______ is NOT a novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald.菲茨杰拉德；费兹杰罗a. Tender Is the Night 夜色温柔b. Anna Christiec. The Beautiful and Dammed 漂亮的入地狱者d. The Great Gatsby 伟大的盖茨比b.Oneill, Eugene17. The American literature in modern period is divided into two parts by the event of ______.a. the expatriate movementb. the Great Depressionc. the First World Ward. the Second World War19. The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to ______for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”.精通现在叙事艺术a. William Faulknerb. John Steinbeckc. Saul Bellowd. Earnest Hemingway20. Sister Carrie 嘉莉妹妹is a masterpiece of _______work.a. romanticb. classicc. neo-classicd. naturalistic 自然主义21. The Octopus is written by ________.a. Frank Norrisb. Sherwood Andersonc. Willa Catherd. Stephen Crane22. James Baldwin’s most famo us short story is _______.a. A Rose for Emilyb. The Story of an Hourc. Sonny’s Bluesd. A Clean, Well-lighted Place23. ________wrote several novels with the name of “Rabbit”.a. Arthur Millerb. Thomas Pynchonc. John Updiked. Wallace Stevens24. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by ______.a. Robert Frostb. Longfellowc. Ezra Pondd. Carl Sandburg25. “God help them that help themselves” is found in ______’s work.a. Franklinb. Freneauc. Jeffersond. Paine26. T. S. Eliot’s most famous long poem is ______.a. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockb. A Boy’s Willc. The Waste Landd. The Golden Bough27. Daisy Miller is a great work by _____.a. Henry Jamesb. Mark Twainc. Dreiserd. Stowe28. Hester is a character in ______.a. Gone with the Windb. The Fall of the House ofUsherc. Babbittd. Scarlet Letter29. Jack London’s ______is his patently autobiographical novel.a. The Call of the Wildb. The Sea Wolfc. Martin Edend. The Iron Heel30. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain’s _______.a. The Adventures of Tom Sawyerb. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnc. Life on the Mississippid. The Prince and the Pauper31. O Captain! My Captain! was written in memory of _______.a. Walt Whitmanb. Benjamin Franklinc. Abraham Lincolnd. Martin Luther King32. The Grapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ______.a. John Steinbeckb. John Cheeverc. John Updiked. John Dos Passos33. ______is NOT a play written by Tennessee Williams.a. Cat on a Hot Tin Roofb. The Glass Menageriec. Light in Augustd. A Streetcar Named Desire34. Seize the Day is regarded the best novel written by ______.a. Flannery O’Connerb. Saul Bellowc. Ralph Ellisond. Sherwood Anderson35. ______is NOT among the postwar poets in modern American literature.a. Robert Lowellb. Gary Synderc. Allen Ginsbergd.e. e. cummings36. The image of the famous “henpecked husband” is created by_____.a. Washington Irvingb. Fennimore Cooperc. Edith Whartond. William Dean Howells37. The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be______.a. O’Neilb. Poundc. Robert Frostd. Scott Fitzgerald38. _____was the most important person of the transcendental club.a. Hawthornb. Whitmanc. Emersond. Thoreau39. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following EXCEPT_______.a. religionb. love and marriagec. life and deathd. war and peace40. American diction in the 1960s and 1970s proves different from its predecessors. It is referred to as ______.a. Imagismb. black humorc. new fictiond. the Beat Generation 41．Stephen Crane is famous for ________and other stories.a. An American Tragedyb. The Ambassadorsc. Main Streetd. The Red Badge of Courage 42．______has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and one Nobel Prize. a. Earnest Hemingway b. John Steinbeckc. Eugene O’Neild. William Faulkner43．Beloved is the masterpiece of _______.a. Tony Morrisonb. Ralph Ellisonc. John Dos Passosd. Willa Cather44．Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?a. To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.b. To put the stress on traditional values.c. To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.d. To advocate a conscious break with the past.45．Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT_____.a. a strict poetic formb. a simple and conversational languagec. a free and natural rhythmic patternd. an easy flow of feelings46．Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?a. Hemingwayb. Fitzgeraldc. Gertrude Steind. William Faulkner47．The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.a. 1820b. 1850c. 1880d. 192048．The publication of _______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism.a. Natureb. Self-Reliancec. The Over-Sould. The American Scholar 49．Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over____.a. Ezra Poundb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Robert Frostd. Emily Dickinson50．_______is the representative work of the Beat Generation.a. The Great Gatsbyb. On the Roadc. Look Back in Angerd. The Sun Also Rises51．Emily Grierson is a literary figure created by______.a. Willa Catherb. Doris Lessingc. William Faulknerd. Nathaniel Hawthorn 52．Thomas Pynchon can also be categorized as a Black Humor writer, as well as a _______writer.a. classicalb. transcendentalc. postmodernistd. realistic53．Who is considered the father of American poetry?a. Philip Freneaub. William Cullen Bryantc. Henry Wadsworth Longfellowd. Henry David Thoreau54．In America, “a little woman starte d a great war”. Who is she?a. Anne Bradstreetb. Harriet Beecher Stowec. Edith Whartond. Catharine Anne Porter55．______is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe.a. The Ravenb. Annabel Leec. The Fall of the House of Usherd. Song to Celia56．Arthur Miller is an American _____.a. novelistb. poetc. playwrightd. essayist57．Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followed by _____.a. Jack Londonb. Sinclair Lewisc. William Faulknerd. Ernest Hemingway58．________is featured by black humor.a. Caricatureb. Catch-22c. The Catcher in the Rye c. Death of a Salesman 59．Who is the only woman writer that has won both Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize?a. Pearl Buckb. Virginia Woolfc. Tony Morrisond. Katharine Mansfield1 . b 2. c 3. d 4. c 5. b 6. a 7. d 8. c 9. c 10. b11. a 12. c 13. b 14. b 15. c 16. b 17. d 18. c 19. d 20. d 21. a 22. c 23. c 24. a 25. a 26. c 27. a 28. d 29. c 30. b 31. c 32. a 33. c 34. b 35. d 36. a 37. d 38. c 39. d 40. c 41. d 42. c 43. a 44. b 45. a 46. c 47. a 48. a 49. a 50. b 51. c 52. c 53. a 54. b 55. d 56. c 57. d 58. b 59. a 60.。