雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译)

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雅思听力技巧同义替换专项总结

四，肯定否定旳同义替代
题干：
lack of good____
Transcripts:
poor training
题目：
On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone pay___
A. the same as other clients B. only a little more than other clients C. extra only if they stay in a large room
because
注意变序考点
七.逻辑同义替代
Transcripts: Rexford is just 35 minutes from London
Airport. 题目： C. near London Airport
七.逻辑同义替代
Transcripts： We had no money to pay the bills 题目： What problem did we face in 2023: A. I t couldn’t meet its overheads
Transcripts: We guarantee that no single client
will pay more…
A the same as other clients
五.主动被动旳同义替代
题干： Talk by_____
Transcripts: then the Director of Studies will talk to you…
七.逻辑同义替代
七.逻辑同义替代
因果逻辑
Result →→→ Reason:
因为，因为
because (of), due to, as a result of, result from, on account of, owing to, be attributed to

雅思听力最常见同义替换归纳

chou名词1. 上义词V.S 下义词e.g cold drink → chilled mineral waterreptile → snakesimprovement → innovatione.g we → library staffyou → postgraduates形容词1. 同义词，近义词替换e.g easy → elementary, simpletall → highideal → perfect2. 反义替换e.g interesting → boringnoisy → quiet2. 同根词互换e.g arrive → arrivaldepart → departure3. 反义替换e.g include → excludebeen told → heard4. 跨词性替换e.g listen to → ta lksreduce → lower5. 抽象到具体e.g recover → overcome its problems地图题核心词汇be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/穿过cross(over) 穿过（某条街道）租房场景核心词汇Accommodation Center 住宿管理中心housing coordinator 住宿协调员landlord/landlady 男/女房东flat/apartment公寓student hostel 学生招待所motel汽车旅馆bungalow 平房lounge客厅kitche厨房garag车库store room/house储藏室corridor走廊bathroom卫生间stove炉灶microwave oven微波炉air conditioning空调radiator(电)暖气stereo (system)音响fridge/refrigerator/freezer冰箱washing machine洗衣机electric fans 电风扇electric stove电炉cooking utensils厨房用具armchair扶手椅carpet 地毯dishwasher 洗碗机toaster 烤面包机bathtub/tub浴盆furniture 家具unfurnished无家具设备的springs弹簧床towel 浴巾,毛巾个人信息表核心词汇fullname全名namenamevisabirthage年龄bloodtype血型height身高favoritefood比较/最爱吃的食物transportation交通工具register/enrollmentdate注册/报道日期Englishproficiency英语水平home/officenumber家庭/办公电话号码weightstatus德Birmingham 伯明翰Coventry 考文垂Leeds 利兹Scotland 苏格兰Glasgow 格拉斯哥Edinburgh 爱丁堡Wales 威尔士Cardiff 加的夫Ireland 爱尔兰Dublin 都柏林Belfast 贝尔法斯特New Zealand 新西兰Wellington 惠灵顿Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Brisbane 布里斯班Sydney 悉尼PerthQuebecYorkBoston 波士顿Atlanta 亚特兰大Seattle 西雅图LosAngeles/L.A.洛杉矶Chicago 芝加哥旅游娱乐核心词汇cities 城市mountains 山脉deserts 沙漠hilly areas 丘陵地带wet lands 沼泽地bush land 灌木丛tropical rain forests 热带雨林resorts 胜地coastal areas 沿海地区hot springs 温泉cruisefountain 喷泉plants 植物beaches 海滩spotlight tour 聚光灯旅行four-wheel drive 四驱车cruise 游轮water polo 水球beach towel 大浴巾telescopes 望远镜雅思考试常见动物duckbill 鸭嘴兽koala 考拉kangaroo 袋鼠ostrich 鸵鸟falcon 猎鹰parrot 鹦鹉coral 珊瑚jelly fish 水母shark 鲨鱼turtle 海龟have a stuffednose 鼻子不通stiff neck 脖子发僵cholera 霍乱tummy upset 脓肿pills 肠胃不适have/catch acold 感冒have a sorethroat 嗓子痛have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧have aheadache 头痛have a cough 咳嗽have atoothache 牙痛allergy 过敏症chillyskullliver 肝脏kidney 肾脏skeleton 骨骼muscle 肌肉joint 关节blood vessel 血管brain 脑throat 喉咙，咽喉nipple 乳头pit 胸口navel 肚脐abdomen 腹部thigh 大腿nerve 神经human bodyhead 头forehead 额throat 喉咙、咽喉neck 脖子heel 踵（zhong）sole 脚底课程学习核心词汇commerce/trade/trading 贸易customs 海关customs duty 关税quota 配额；限额commercial transaction 买卖；交易manufacturer 制造商；制造厂middleman 中间商；经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人sale 销售bulk sale 整批销售wholesale 批发facilities 设施divisions 系departments 系campus 校园Common Room/House公共休息室canteen 食堂dining hall 食堂cafeteria 自助餐厅accommodation 住宿car park/parking lot/area 停车场shopping mall 购物中心deadlines 截止日期attendance 出勤率homesickness 想家financial 财务的plagiarism 作弊Administration/Admin Office 管理办公室Laboratory/lab 实验室Student Union 学生会Auditorium 会堂；礼堂lounge, gymnasium/gym 体育馆LawCentertootermsinterlibrary service 图书馆之间相互借书locker room 更衣室resource center 资料中心audio-visual resources 音像资料中心newspapers 报纸journals （学术性的）杂志periodical(magazines and journals) 定期刊物almanacs 年鉴atlas 地图集bibliography 书目in circulation 在书库里touch-screen service 触摸屏stacks 书库photocopying room 复印室open/closed reserve 可以外借的/只准在图书馆看的重要或热门书籍current/back issue 最新的/过期的一期category 种类librarian 图书馆员encyclopedia 百科全书test papers 考试卷8、重要的：9、认为：15、导致：16、因此：1718、降低至：to, sink to, slide to19、保持稳定：Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out20、急剧地：Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially,considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly,noticeably21、平稳地：Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly22、宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23、发生：Happen, occur, take place24、原因：Reason, factor, cause25、发展：Development, advance, progress26、有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous27、影响：Influence, impact, effect28、明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29、占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30、与…相比：Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison31323435、事实上：36、换言之：三、Australia 澳大利亚Canberra 堪培拉Queensland 昆士兰州Brisbane 布里斯班New South Wales 新南威尔士州Sydney 悉尼South Australia 南澳大利亚州Adelaide 阿德莱德Victoria 维多利亚州Melbourne 墨尔本Western Australia 西澳大利亚州Perth 珀斯Section 1旅游，租房，搬家，办驾照，找工作，购物，订餐Section 2旅游，图书馆，招聘，活动介绍，健康保健,电台节目Section 3 conversation口头陈述---presentation作业布置---assignment论文讨论---essay地图题给出地点名称，寻找图中相应位置。

雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译).

核心动词：1.想，认为think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain,2深思熟虑，仔细考虑ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect3.培养cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish4.加强，巩固strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce,5.显示，表明manifest,display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,re flect6.确认，证实verify, confirm, establish,affirm7.断言，宣称declare,claim,allege,assert,state8.支持，维护,拥护support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion9.反对oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to10.解决(问题，麻烦)solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle11.导致，引发，引起give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in,12.建议，提议suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward,13.阻止，阻碍,限制prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway15.增长，发展，提高increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote16.下降，减少decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump17.实现，完成fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain18.提供，给予supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield19.占。

雅思作文同义词替换及例句总结

作文同义词替换及例句总结Globalization1、infrastructural adj. 基础设施的例句：As a commonly-accepted measure, aid contributes to the infrastructural construction of poor countries.作为一种普遍认可的措施，国际援助有助于促进穷国的基础设施建设。

近义词：Public facility例句：As harmonious society cannot exist without harmonious social units, the harmony of the library-a social public facility as well as its contribution to society culturally plays a very significant role in the construction of harmonious society.和谐社会离不开和谐的社会单元，图书馆这一社会公共机构，其和谐及社会贡献对构建和谐社会有着重要影响。

2、starvation n. 饥饿例句：Many people suffer from starvation, poverty or contagious diseases.很多人遭受着饥饿和贫困。

近义词：nestia／famine／hunger例句：We made a contribution to the famine relief fund.我们给饥馑赈济基金捐了款。

3、appropriate adj. 适当的、恰当的例句：An appropriate example is that…一个恰当的例子是…近义词：proper/modest/advisable/opportune ；例句：Indeed there is a modest near-term stimulus, overall.总的来说，这实际上是一个适度的短期激励。

雅思阅读同义词替换介绍整理

让知识带有温度。

雅思阅读同义词替换介绍整理雅思阅读同义词替换介绍1. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 供应v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开头，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 乐观的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.第1页/共2页千里之行，始于足下。

13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 浇灌n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.【雅思阅读同义词替换介绍】文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。

雅思口语同义替换汇总

雅思口语同义替换汇总1. 同义替换是什么？同义替换是指将一个单词或短语替换为具有相同或相似意义的另一个单词或短语，以丰富口语表达，使语言更生动有趣。

2. 为什么要使用同义替换？使用同义替换可以避免重复使用相同的单词或短语，提升口语表达的多样性。

此外，同义替换还能展示语言的灵活运用，让口语更具吸引力和独特性。

3. 同义替换的常见技巧3.1 同义词替换同义词替换是最常见的同义替换技巧之一。

例如：- Good替换为excellent, great, wonderful等- Bad替换为terrible, awful, horrible等3.2 词组替换除了单个单词的替换，词组替换也是同义替换的一种常见形式。

例如：- In my opinion替换为I think, from my perspective等- Very important替换为crucial, significant等3.3 句型替换在口语表达中，句型替换也是一种实用且有效的同义替换方式。

例如：- I believe替换为I reckon, I suppose等- It's difficult替换为It's challenging, It's not easy等3.4 并列句替换当想要表达多个观点、事物或感受时，可以使用并列句替换，使口语更有层次感和连贯性。

例如：- I like apples and bananas替换为I enjoy both apples and bananas4. 同义替换的注意事项在进行同义替换时，需要注意以下几点：- 确保替换后的词或短语与原词的意义相同或相近。

- 避免使用不常见或不常规的同义词，以免让听者产生困惑。

- 不要过度使用同义替换，适度运用能提高口语表达，过度运用则可能显得不自然。

5. 总结同义替换是提升口语表达多样性和灵活性的有效方法。

通过使用同义替换技巧，可以使口语更具吸引力和趣味性。

雅思阅读同义词替换总结

名师：雅思阅读同义词替换（一）1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)865.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneousgroups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often 100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。

雅思同义词替换总结(加分词汇,短语互译)文件.doc

核心动词：1.想，认为think,hold,argue,concede,assert,deem,consider,believe,maitain,2 深思熟虑，仔细考虑ponder,deliberate,meditate,comteplate,reflect3.培养cultivate,foster,nurture,nourish4.加强，巩固strengthen,sonsolidate,reinforce,5.显示，表明manifest,display,show,reveal,present,suggest,demonstrate,indicate,illustrate,re flect6.确认，证实verify, confirm, establish,affirm7.断言，宣称declare,claim,allege,assert,state8.支持，维护,拥护support,maitain,uphold,approve,advocate,champion9.反对oppose,be against,disagree,disapprove,object to10.解决(问题，麻烦)solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle11.导致，引发，引起give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in,12.建议，提议suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward,13.阻止，阻碍,限制prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain，confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway15.增长，发展，提高increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote16.下降，减少decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump17.实现，完成fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain18.提供，给予supply,provide,perform⋯for,offer,yield19.占。

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（百分比）take up,amount to,account for,reach20．适应adjust to, adapt to, get accustomed to,condition.. on21.谴责，责怪condemn,blame,criticize,reprimand,reproach,censure,denounce,accu se..of,charge..with22.监管，监督，指导supervise,monitor,instruct,oversee,govern,regulate,direct,administer 23.颁布，实施，执行implement,issue,carry out,apply to24.反驳，驳斥dispute,debate,refute,argue,contradict,oppose核心名词：1.观点，主张,提议idea,belief,assertion,proposition,suggestion,recommendation2.假设hypothesis,assumption,presumption3.方法，理论，措施way,method,means,process,approach,theory,measure4.政策,制度，条例policy,regulation,rule,law5.比率rate,ratio,proportion,percentage,share,protion6.平衡，均衡，和谐banlance,equilibrium,harmony,7.问题，麻烦，争端，冲突issue,problem,conflict,contrast,clash,contradiction,opposition,contro versy8.竞争petition,contention,contest9.处境，状况，现状circumstance,state,condition,situation,status quo10.事件，现象incident,fact,event,occurrence,phenomenon11.后果，结果consequence,result,outcome,influence,cause and effect(因果关系),side/after-effect(副作用)12.争论，不和，差异difference,dispute,debate,distinction13.优势，好处advantages,virtues,merits,boons,benefit14.劣势，不利，阻碍disadvantage,flaws,demerits,banes,handicap,burden,obstruction,obst acle15.青少年,青年teenager,juvenile,adolescent,youngster,youth16.媒体media,the print media(印刷媒体),the electronic media(电子媒体),the press(新闻界),media hype(媒体炒作)17.控制control,grip,master,domination,government,rule,monopoly(垄断) 18.保存，储藏conservation,reserve,preservation19.花费，开销expense,cost,expenditure,payment,outlay,toll,consumption,disburse ment20.改革，改良reform,improvement,evolution21.威胁，危机crisis,threat,menace核心形容词：1.惊人的staggering,incredible,astounding,amazing,astonishing,surprising,stun ning,alarming,shocking2.非凡的，卓越的，显著的remarkable,marvelous,striking,wonderful,notable,extraordinary 3.重要的，重大的,决定性的important,significant,main,major,foremost,predominant,crucial,critic al,urgent,pivotaldecisive,vital4.破坏性的devastating,ruinous,destructive,damaging5.许多的，很多的，大量的numerous,various,myriad,a great many of, a great deal of6.不同的，多样的，有分歧的divergent,variant,varying,diverse,distinct7.强大的，强有力的powerful,mighty,forceful补充整理：绝不：by no means under no circumstances in no case on no occasion考虑：take•into consideration account think about make allowance(s) for sth由于/因为：insomuch as •because for the reason /occasion that result from as••since now that in that be owed to be attributed to be ascribed to arise from/out of •by occasion of sth影响：exert a profound/far-reaching impact on就我而言：so/as far as I am concerned as far as my knowledge is concerned就••而言：As far as •is concerned In terms of•In case of•别无选择我，只能••：have no alternative but•众所周知：It is universally acknowledged that•It is well- known to all that •As is well-known to all,•只有••才能••：Only by doing•could sb do•大：big<immense<titanic=vast=gigantic=tremendous=enormous正如常言所说：（just）as the saying/proverb goes ...一定会：be bound /determined /guaranteed/certain to do掌握：have a grasp /command of sth正在：be under way=be on the point /course of =be about to=be on the verge of听说：hear of sth变得惊慌：get into a panic取得进展：make progress in doing sth advance in step forwards课程：compulsary/selective subject 必修课/选修课婉转的说：to put it mildly对••的瘾：addiction to接触: reach out to / have access to…be exposed to expose sb to..树立••的榜样：cultivate the •example for sb即••：namely有/承担••的义务：assume the responsibility of shoulder be responsible for阻止：hold back prevent sb from doing sth keep sb away from doing sth hinder put a check on sth deflect sb from doing sthavert sth intercept sth在内心深处：in one’s heart of hearts in the cockles of the heart表示数量的词1.少数几个：a few +n(c,pl)2.没几个，否定含义：few +n(c,pl)3.少量：a little + n(u)4.没多少，表否定：little +n(u)5.很多much +n(u)6.很多many +n(c,pl)7.很多a lot of/lots of+n(c,pl/u)8.大量：a great /good deal of +n(u)9.少量a bit of +n(c,pl/u)10.大量：an/a great/a large abundance of+(c,pl/u)11.大量：an/a large amount of+n(u)12. a great many+n(c,pl)13.大量: a great many of 冠词/物主代词/所有格+n(c,pl)14.大量: a plenty of=plenties of+ n(c,pl/u)15. 大量：a large number of + n(c,pl)16.许多：many a+n(c,sing.)17.足够的：ample + n.(c,pl/u.)18.无数的：numerous +n.(c,pl)19.足够的：sufficient+n(c,pl/u)20.无数的：countless +n(c,pl)21. a variety of +n(c,pl)22.various+n(c,pl)23.天文数字的花费：astronomical cost24.过量的/多余的：excess superfluous redundant25.额外的：extra added additional大多数情况下：in most cases on most occasions in the normal course of•事情并非如此：It is not the case that一••就••,刚••就••：1.as soon as …,…时态无所谓2.Hardly/scarcely had sb done than did3.hardly had sb done when+ past tense4.sb had no sooner done than did5.no sooner had sb done than did6.sb had hardly done than did7.the moment8.on +n(如his arrival 他的到来),…常识：common sense为了：in order to…/so as to…/for the sake of…非常：most/exceedingly/tremendously/rather/extraordinarily/considerably/fabulously随之时间的流逝：with the passage of time,…随着…的积累：as …begin to accumulate反对/打击：be opposed to do=object to do disagree dispute that… remonstrate with sb about sthProtest that…/aginst…show disapproving attitude raise one’s voice aginst disapprove of…dissent from…f rown in…=oppose (doing) sth/fight aginst实现：realize =bring about(带来)=lead up to显而易见的/明显的：obvious apparent evident manifest doubtless transparent distinct 深入理解：have (further) insight into..丰富阅历/开阔视野：enrich one’s experience widen one’s horizon expand one’s outlook昂贵的：costly expensive dear luxurious机会垂青有准备的人：chances only favour those who are ready/prepared引起/导致：bring about/forth give rise to raise cause lead up to prompt incur(招致) be to blame forResult in arouse(唤起人的••)=evoke=call forth=awake occasion compel one’s attention(引起关注)恰恰相反：on the contray,……,but it is just opposite that…相比之下：by /in contrast ,…by comparision,…compare to/with…科学发展观：view of scientific development可持续发展sustainable/sustained development广告：commercial advertisement迫切的：urgent pressing insistent戏剧的：theatrical生活质量：quality of life=life quality…的原因是…（表语从句）:The reason why …is that…在…的背景下…:under the background of…纳税人：taxpayer孝心：filial piety /obedience诚信：credit and honest误入歧途：go astray stray into sth金钱至上：mony-oriented毫无：haven’t the slightest+n.遭到/面临…：meet with+abstract n. confront(面临) face sth be face with in the face of sth encounter(遇到困难，邂逅某人) run into sb(巧遇) come across(遇到)袖手旁观：turn a blind eye to…stand by and…受..引诱：be tempted/fascinated/lured/attracted by…. Be interested in fall into temptation be intoxicated byBe absorbed in吸引：appeal to../attract…/tempt…/fascinate…/lure…/capture one’s heart/draw one’s attention /magnetize/engageMesmerize/captivate沉迷于: be addicted to…/abandon oneself to…/be hooked on…/be intoxicated by/be indulged in/revel in与…有关：be associated to/related to/connected with/involved in/concerned with/link up with/bound up withConcerning A…:关于A，考虑到A。