高考英语阅读理解全程基础训练(23)
2014高考英语阅读理解全程基础训练（23）及答案
阅读理解-------B (2013·北京，B)
Tail Spin
Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin, Grace, shows off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she's even swimming at all. She doesn't have a tail.
Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “ Is she going to make it？” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it—but her tail didn't. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle. Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way—like a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.
The movements put harmful pressure on Grace's backbone. So a company offered to create a manmade tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn't hurt her.
The first time Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The new tail isn't necessary for her to feel comfortable，” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion (动作) and build muscles (肌肉)．”
Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her manmade tail gives people so much courage.
文章大意：本文为一篇记叙文，属励志类文章。通过讲述海洋公园的小海豚Grace尽管没有尾巴，却能克服困难，用另外一种方式游泳，并且还要拍电影《海豚的故事》以激励人们要勇敢地面对困难。
5．When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ________. A．physical build
B．potential ability
C．chance of survival
D．adaptation to the surroundings
答案：C 细节理解题。由文章第二段可知，当这只海豚在2005年12月刚到海洋公园时，“she was fighting for her life”，它的训练员说“Is she going to make it？”，由此我们知
道，刚开始，它的训练员担心它能不能活下来，故正确答案为C项。
6．A manmade tail is created for Grace to ________.
A．let her recover faster
B．make her comfortable
C．adjust her way of swimming
D．help her perform better tricks
答案：C 推理判断题。由文章第三段可知，海豚Grace形成了它自己的游泳方式。由第五段内容可知，给海豚戴上人造尾巴的目的不是为了舒服，而是为了保持动作，锻炼肌肉，也就是它带着人造尾巴的目的是调整游泳方式，故C项正确。
7．The story of Grace inspires people to ________.
A．stick to their dreams
B．treat animals friendly
C．treasure what they have
D．face difficulties bravely
答案：D 推理判断题。A项表示“坚持梦想”；B项表示“友好得对待动物”；C项表示“珍惜拥有”；D项表示“要勇敢面对困难”。由文章内容可知，尽管海豚Grace没有了尾巴，但是它克服困难，以另外一种方式游泳，最后还提到，它要拍电影给人们带来鼓励，由此我们知道，我们要勇敢地面对困难，故D项为正确答案。
阅读理解-------C
Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. Or is it?
Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.
Another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue. Perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.
Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated (使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work you have taken to receive it!
Without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. However,
perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.
36. The author lists several questions in Para. 1 to .
A. support online shopping
B. collect answers from readers
C. show his dislike of going shopping
D. introduce the topic of the passage
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据用这些问题导入本段的主题，故选D。
37. By what can online shoppers avoid fraud?
A. Using only trusted websites.
B. Choosing big websites.
C. Collecting shopping evidence.
D. Seeking advice from the police.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子：Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation(名声).可知是使用值得信任的网站。故选A。
38. What can we learn about online shopping from Para. 3?
A. It’s normal for a blue dress to change into green.
B. We shouldn't believe product descriptions easily.
C. It’s usually wise for us to buy colorful products.
D. Product appearances are sometimes not good.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Another problem is that the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen.可知不要相信产品描述。选B。
39. The author agrees with the fact that ______.
A. customers are never satisfied with products
B. online shopping is a safe way to make purchases
C. online shopping has nothing to do with global warming
D. delivery delay often makes online shoppers unhappy
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated(使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late !可知是顾客对送货迟了是很生气的。故选D。
40. What is the author’s attitude towards online shopping?
A. Very popular.
B. A wise choice.
C. Not trouble free.
D. A waste of time. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据从最后一段可知网购是一个不是没有麻烦的，故选C。
阅读理解------C
(2013·安徽，B)
Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌)a road can lead to less useable fresh water.
A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots
we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages (短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts (干旱)than areas with more rainfall, but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference, too. In the United States, a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there' a lot we can do to lower the number. You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher (洗碗机) only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。水是我们日常生活中不可缺少的，但是你知道吗？我们日常生活中的一些举动，比如铺砌道路和停车场，都有可能使我们的水供应受到威胁。我们要从自身做起，帮助使我们的水供应干净清洁。
8．Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?
A．Using river water.
B．Throwing batteries away.
C．Paving parking lots.
D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less useable fresh water. ...The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知，铺砌道路和停车场会导致更少的地下水。
9．What can be inferred from the text?
A．All water shortages are due to human behavior.
B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.
C．there is much we can do to reduce family size.
D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可排除A项；通读全文可知，要想满足我们的水需求，有很多事情要做，不是一件简单的事情，需要花费很多的努力，故B项正确；C项的family size错误；根据倒数第二段的“In the United States ，a family of four can use
1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live, but there's
a lot we can do to lower the number.”可知，D项错误，普通美国家庭用的水是很多的。10．The last paragraph is intended to ________.
A．show us how to fix leaks at home
B．tell us how to run a dishwasher
C．prove what drinking glass is best
D．suggest what we do to save water at home
答案：D 推理判断题。文章最后一段主要讲述在家如何节约用水，故选D项。
11．The text is mainly about ________.
A．why paving roads reduces our water
B．how much we depend on water to live
C．why droughts occur more in dry climates
D．how human activity affects our water supply
答案：D 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是人类的活动如何影响水的供应，A、B两项只是文章的部分内容；C项文章未详细解释。
阅读理解------D
One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child's play.
Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wondering outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods. Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents—and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it. Research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that playing in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.
Ki ds are not to blame. They are over-protected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite of passage (仪式).
Everyone, from developers to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement (增强) love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.
41. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that ________.
A. kids missing the sense of wondering outdoors
B. parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C. Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods
D. children are expected to develop into protectors of nature
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据由于科学技术的进步有些孩子在家玩电脑看电视很少出去接近大自然，不知道要保护大自然，所以本段的大意是孩子被盼望发展成大自然的保护着，故选D。
42. According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will ________.
A. keep a high sense of wonder
B. be over-protected by their parents
C. be less healthy both physically and mentally
D. change wild places and creatures for the better
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills.没有经历大自然体验的人在身体和精神方面都不是很健康，故选C。
43. According to the author, children's breaking an arm is ________.
A. the fault on the part of their parents
B. the natural experience in their growing up
C. the result of their own carelessness in play
D. the effect of their repetitive stress from computers
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite of passage (仪式).孩子们断一个胳膊就是他们在成长中的自然的经历，故选B。
44. What does “sea of technology” mean in the first paragraph?
A. The technology of TV and computer games.
B. The technology of food.
C. The technology of sea food.
D. The technology of catching animals in the sea.
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors,可以推知这里指的是电视和电脑，故选A。
45. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.
A. blame children for getting lost in computer games
B. encourage children to protect parks from encroachment
C. show his concern about children's lack of experience in nature
D. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around
【答案】C
【解析】作者意图题。根据由于科技的影响孩子去户外的时间减少，缺乏对大自然的体验，同时展示了作者对于孩子们的关心，故选C。