2019上海市生命科学等级考-宝山区一模卷

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2019年上海市宝山区高三一模语文考试试卷(附答案、答题纸)

2019年上海市宝山区高三一模语文考试试卷(附答案、答题纸)

2019年上海市宝山区高三年级教学质量监测试卷语文学科考生注意:1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。

2.答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写校名、姓名、准考证号。

3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。

4.考试时间150分钟。

试卷满分150分。

积累应用10分1按要求填空(5分)(1),不破楼兰终不还。

(王昌龄《从军行》)(1分)(2)位卑则足羞,。

(《师说》)(2分)(3)柳永《八声甘州》中“,”两句描写花叶凋零,感叹自然美景随着时光流逝而消歇。

(2分)2按要求选择(5分)(1)下列选项中,名句使用最恰当的一项是()。

(2分)A.小李与小黄常常共同学习,相互探讨,可谓是“如切如磋,如琢如磨”。

B.小李同伴都很贪玩,而他勤奋读书,老师赞他“蓬生麻中,不扶而直”。

C.小黄因考试失利而懊丧不已,朋友们安慰他说“靡不有初,鲜克有终”。

D.小黄自己家境贫寒,却还想资助小李,小李说“己所不欲,勿施于人”。

(2)将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是()(3分)一点既适用于音乐、医学、雕塑,也适用于爱情。

①只有通过长期的实践活动,一直到理论知识和实践经验融会贯通起来变成灵感——也就是掌握了艺术的灵魂,才能成为一名大师。

②学医的人首先要认识人体的结构和各种疾病的症兆。

③但光有理论还无法行医。

④要成为大师,除了学习理论和实践外还有第三个必不可少的因素,即要把成为大师看得高于一切,这一目标必须占据他整个身心。

A.③②④①B.②③④①C.③②①④D.②③①④二阅读70分(一)阅读下文,完成第3--7题。

(16分)“标准化”生活是否就完美①新型智能科技的推广和普及,使得现实生活与社交网络史无前例地紧密结合在一起。

任何原本日常生活中最平凡的小事都成为值得与朋友们分享或供他们评头论足的新鲜事。

2019年上海市宝山区高考生物一模试卷(解析版)

2019年上海市宝山区高考生物一模试卷(解析版)

2019年上海市宝山区高考生物一模试卷一、单选题(本大题共20小题,共40.0分)1.下列能正确表示脱氧核苷酸结构的是()A. B. C. D.2.在电子显微镜下,颤藻和水绵细胞中都能被观察到的结构是()A. 细胞核B. 核糖体C. 叶绿体D. 溶酶体3.如图表示染色体中蛋白质、DNA、基因的关系.甲、乙、丙依次是()A. 基因、DNA、蛋白质B. DNA、基因、蛋白质C. 基因、蛋白质、DNAD. DNA、蛋白质、基因4.艾滋病病毒属于RNA病毒,有关艾滋病病毒的说法正确的是()A. 病毒内可进行RNA自我复制B. 主要由DNA、RNA和蛋白质组成C. 主要寄生在人体T淋巴细胞D. 可用来抑制绿脓杆菌治愈烧伤病人5.人体口腔中生活着一定数量的链球菌,其分泌的过氧化氢对一些病原菌有抑制作用,这种免疫方式属于()A. 非特异性免疫B. 人工免疫C. 二次免疫D. 疫苗免疫6.将盛有一定浓度蔗糖溶液的透析袋(蔗糖分子不能透过)浸入蒸馏水中,如图能正确表示透析袋中蔗糖溶液浓度与时间关系的是()A. B.C. D.7.香蕉是人们喜爱的水果之一,果农通过地下球茎中的不定芽培育成苗,这种生殖方式是()A. 出芽生殖B. 营养繁殖C. 分裂生殖D. 有性生殖8.图2显示月季的根和茎对不同浓度生长素的反应。

相对于A点而言,B点对应的生长素浓度下,根和茎作出的反应分别是()A. 促进作用加强,促进作用加强B. 抑制作用加强,促进作用减弱C. 促进作用减弱,促进作用加强D. 促进作用相同,促进作用相同9.如图表示人体内主要能源物质氧化分解的部分途径,其中的大写字母代表物质。

下列叙述正确的是()A. 物质M可能是乳酸或酒精B. 物质Y为葡萄糖或丙酮酸C. 糖原水解发生在肝细胞和肌细胞中D. X→Y过程发生在线粒体中10.逃生演练中,某同学作出逃生反应的部分机制如图。

下列叙述正确的是()A. 警报声感受器X位于人体肌肉内B. 若传出神经受损,听不到警报声C. 逃生反应有多个神经中枢参与D. 若传出神经受损,不影响肌肉收缩11.剧烈运动后应该服用淡盐水而非清水,一次饮用1L清水(实线)和1L盐水(虚线)后,人体排尿率如图所示,下列说法正确的是()A. 饮用清水后,尿量先少后多B. 饮用盐水后,尿量先多后少C. 饮用清水比饮用盐水,体内抗利尿激素更多D. 剧烈运动后,饮用淡盐水更有利于机体维持渗透压平衡12.遗传信息的多样性体现在()A. 碱基配对方式B. DNA的空间结构C. 脱氧核苷酸的种类D. 碱基的排列顺序13.如图为细胞周期示意图,Go期为暂不增殖细胞所处时期。

2019高二宝山区生命科学一模试卷_Password_Removed

2019高二宝山区生命科学一模试卷_Password_Removed

宝山区 2018 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷考生注意:生123...试试答需卷卷题将满包前答分含,案务两1全0必部0部用分分写钢,,在笔考第答、试一題圆时部纸珠间分上笔为6,0或选不分签择要钟字题超。

笔,过在第答答二题题部框纸分,上为否填综则写合不姓题得名。

分、。

班级、学校和准考证号。

考共 一、选择题( 40 分,每小题 2 分。

每小题只有一个正确答案)1.下列能正确表示脱氧核苷酸结构的是碱基PP碱基 碱基 PP 碱基A.B.C.D.2.在A.电细子胞显核微镜下,颤藻和B.水内绵质细网胞中都能被观C察.到叶的绿结体构是 D.核糖体3.D图CBA....1基基DD表NN因因示AA、、、、染D蛋基蛋色N白因白体A质、、质中、蛋蛋、蛋D白白基白N质质因质A 、DNA、基因的关系。

甲、乙、丙依次是染色体 甲乙图1丙4.A艾C..滋主病病要毒病寄内毒生可属在进于人行R体NRANTA病淋自毒巴我,细复有胞制关艾滋病病毒的DB..说主可法要用正由来确抑的DN制是A绿、脓R杆NA菌和治蛋愈白烧质伤组病成人种5.免A人疫.体方非口式特腔属异中于性生免活疫着一定数B.量人的工链免球疫菌,其分泌C的.过二氧次化免氢疫对一些病原D菌.有特抑异制性作免用疫,这浓6.度将与盛时有间一的定关浓系度,蔗正糖确溶的液是的透析袋口所紧后浸于蒸馏水中,下图表示透析袋中蔗糖溶液蔗糖溶液浓度时A 间蔗糖溶液浓度时B 间蔗糖溶液浓度C时间蔗糖溶液浓度时D 间7.A香.蕉出是芽人生们殖喜爱的水果之B.一营,养果繁农殖通过地下球C茎.中分的裂不生定殖芽培育成苗D,.这有种性生生殖殖方式是浓8.度图ABCD下....2,抑促促促显根制进进进示和作作作作月茎用用用用季作加减加相的出强弱强同根的,,,,和反促促促促茎应进进进进对分作作作作不别用用用用同是减加加相浓弱强强同度生长素的反应。

促进制抑0相对1生0-于1A长0 1素AB0-的8点图根1浓0而-26C度1言0(-4m,o1lB0/茎-2DL点) 对应的生长素2018 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷第 1 页 共 10页述9.正图确3的表是示人体内主要能源物质氧化分解M+的少部量分能途量径,其中的大写字母代表物质。

【19一模】2019年上海市宝山区高三一模英语试卷

【19一模】2019年上海市宝山区高三一模英语试卷

2019上海宝山高三英语一模试卷(word版)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen, Denmark. There are soldiers on the streets, and the country (21) ______ (accept)by the Nazis. There isn't enough to eat, and the world is at war. Then the Nazis decide to "relocate" the country's Jewish population. The Danes don't know (22) ______ their friends and neighbors are being taken away. They don't know where they are going, either. But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help.Number the Stars is a very powerful novel. During World War II, the Nazis (23)______ (kill) millions of people in Europe. Many of those people were Jewish. But in Denmark, almost all of the Jewish population was saved. Number the Starsis a work of fiction, but it tells the true story of the Jewish(24) ______ (rescue)during the war. The moving plot is driven by justice, danger and excitement. But the book also deals with significant ideas that are much (25) ______ (big)than the story itself.Anemarie must learn that evil doesn't just appear in fairy tales. It's a real thing that affects real people. She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice. Who would she die to protect? And is she brave enough(26)______ (make) that sacrifice? Most importantly, Annemarie learns that(27) ______(be) brave doesn't mean being fearless. It means doing the right thing despite the fact (28) ______ you are afraid, That's heavy stuff for a children's novel.I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels. It has always been a popular choice. It uses simple language and sentences. It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques likeforeshadowing(预示). But it is also interesting,and the characters are (29)______ (engage). The plot is full of tension.Lois Lowry. The author, has written award-winning novels for young people. Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent (30) ______ has made her so celebrated.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. commonB. votingC. effortsD. electedE. endF. protestingG. sayH. exercisedI. arguedJ. equalK. rightsIn most democracies today, people expect women to vote. Women are just as able to make decisions about their ___31___ leaders as men. But 200 years ago, most people didn't think so.As late as the middle of the 19 century only men voted in most Western countries. A few countries or states let women vote in local elections. But women voting was far from ____32____. At that time, people believed that women belonged in the home. That meant they should not get involved with public life.But women in Europe, North America and New Zealand began ___33___ this situation. They believed that they should have a(n) ____34___ in their government's leaders. In 1792 an English novelist named Mary Wollstonecraft ___35____that women should be able to vote, In the United States, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were important figures. They met while campaigning to put a(n) ___36___ to slavery. In the process, they decided that women also should have more ___37___.Yet despite the ___38___ of these women neither Great Britain nor the United States was the first country to let women vote. That honor goes to NewZealand, which changed their law on September 19, 1893. This was because of women like Kate Shepherd. She led a group that presentedpetitions(请愿书) to their parliament three years in a row. Shepherd is nowhonored on New Zealand's s10 bill.New Zealand was followed by Australia in 1902 and Finland in 19 zero six. By this time, some U.S. states and territories allowed women to vote. But the country as a whole didn't give women the right until after World War I.In many countries, the right to hold political office came along with the right to vote. And women have ___39___ that right. In many countries, women have even held their country's highest office. All of that is due to the efforts of women who fought for a(n) ___40___ voiceIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The search for new, clean energy sources have occupied the attention of scientists and politicians for years. One common ___41___ for green energy is the wind. A new twist on this old resource could cause energy output of wind-power plants to increase greatly.Standard wind power plants rely on strong support and ___42___ can only reach the height of 200 meters or so. Higher than that, winds tend to be stronger and steadier, but the challenge is ___43___ how to obtain the energy from those winds.Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences in Germany have formed a kite-power research group. The group is working to develop kites with inflatable (可充气的) wings ___44___ to electrical generator (发电机) on the ground.The research group's goal is to design a kite that can operate on its own for 24 hours. Research has begun, but many challenges remain, including making the generator more ___45___ and perfecting the automatic flight control and structure of the kites. Nevertheless, in June 2012, they demonstrated that their kites could operate ___46___ at an altitude of up to 700 meters.Meanwhile, in Italy, researchers are working on a(n) ___47___ power generator that relies on kites when the generator called KiteGen, senses wind blowing, kites are ___48___ from the end of poles with high-resistance cables to control their height and angle. These cables are able to move the kites if the system senses coming object ___49___ planes, helicopters or even individual birds. The kites themselves are light, tough and able to reach fairly high altitude. The loop (绕行) around in the wind, which sets thecenter of the generator in emotion ___50___ electric current.KiteGen has the ___51___ to be very cost-effective in the long run. After the original cost of designing and setting up the plant, little ___52___ investment will be necessary, apart from standard maintenance. The plant also requires ___53___ little space, which makes it ideal for cities and means that multiple plants can be set up to provide even more ___54___.Kite power has the potential to greatly ___55___ on current wind power strategies. In the future, it may be an efficient cost efficient supplement to the other sources of energy use or even a replacement for some of them41. A resolution B. proposal C. resource D. substitute42. A. generally B. frequently C. continually D. regularly43. A. carrying out B. figuring out C. breaking out D. picking out44. A. chosen B. applied C. collected D. connected45. A. efficient B. complete C. powerful D. positive46. A. actively B. passively C. automatically D. artificially47. A. strange B. similar C. different D. original48. A. fastened B. revealed C. tailored D. released49. A. except for B. instead of C. such as D. due to50. A. producing B. inventing C. promoting D. developing51. A. qualification B. potential C. trend D. intention52. A. normal B. formal C. additional D. alternate53. A. concretely B.abstractly C thoroughly D. relatively54. A. energy B. strength C. technology D. opportunity55. A. focus B. extend C. improve D. transfer Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Many people experience problems with their spine(脊椎) as they age. The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones, in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms that issue as well as the bones. The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spineThis painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis. Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors. Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints. Fortunately, there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.The most important step is exercise. Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment(排列), Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine. However, people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.Another important factor is diet. It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. These include B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, all of which helps keep nerves healthy. People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores. Another important factor is vitamin D. which is essential for strong bones. All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food. Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets56 What does this article mainly explain?A. Various aspects of a medical condition.B. The actions of viruses that cause illnesses.C. Drugs often used to solve the physical issue.D. The location of organs in the human body.57. How does the writer begin this article?A. By predicting improvement.B. By analyzing a series of data.C. By introducing minor injuries.D. By describing a gradual process58. What can readers find in this article?A. A warning about working out too hard.B. A method for improving sleep quality.C. A slogan used to promote health classes.D. A big criticism often aimed at doctors.59. What does the article imply about supplement?A. They are mainly for youngsters.B. They are commercial products.C. They are now being researched.D. They are seldom truly effective(B)In late March of 2018.a tear in the earth about 15 meters wide and 20 meters deep suddenly appeared in Kenya, it cut across roads and even split houses in two. This crack appeared out of nowhere after heavy rains and an increase in seismic activity. Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart.Once a very long time ago, Africa and south America were one landmass before they separated. Similarly, one day in the very distant future, a large part of East Africa will split off from the rest of the continent. This will create a new landmarks and a new ocean. The breakup is the result of plate tectonics, the gradual motion of different parts of the Earth's crust.When plates of the Earth separate and tear away from each other. It is called rifting. The result is rift valley. Scientists don't understand the exact mechanism behind rifting. But the result is very easy to observe in theEast African Rift System(EARS), That's why studying this part of the world is so important.The East African Rift system begins in the north in Ethiopia, where three plates are moving away from each other. Two of them are continental plates, the African and Arabian plates. They are tectonic plates that have a large landmass above water. The third is the Somali plate, considered a minor plate, which is steadily moving away from the other two. But don't plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon. The plates are moving at a rate of about 6 millimeters a year. At the speed millions of years will pass before a new ocean is formed.EARS is not all bad news for Kenya. A rift valley is composed of an area where there is increased volcanic activity and thinned planetary crust. This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam. For Kenya, this might be an answer to the country's electrical problems. The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy.But the geothermal(地热的) power plants going online in 2019 will allowthem to produce clean energy with very little water.60 What can be concluded from the passage?A. A war will certainty breakout in Africa.B. A disaster will suddenly strike Africa.C. A geological structure will change in Africa.D. A new country will come into being in Africa61 Which of the following plates might be surrounded by water according to the passage?A. East Africa.B. Somali plate.C. Arabian plate.D. Africa plate.62. What problem may be solved in Kenya thanks to the cracking?A. Poverty.B. Economy.C.Drought.D. Energy.(C)Are you worried about money? If so, I have some good news for you. Someone once said, “If all your problems can be solved with money, then you don't have any.” I get the point. Unless you are on the edge of losing everything and living in your car (which is a very sad thing that happens to people every day), your perceptions of your problems may not be serving you well.Let's take a look. Can you pay your living expenses and support your family? If so you are OK. Even if you are a family that just barely breaks even every month, you have to count that as a blessing, Most of us also have those terrible, surprising unexpected bills. But unless you you’re your job or your mind, don't you always find a way to take care of those expenses?PERTINENT(切中要害的) QUESTIONSTo see if you worry too much about finances, ask yourself a couple of questions Do you wake up worried about money? Do you check your bank balance and look at upcoming bills more than once every few days or even multiple times a day? If so, then you may have a little financial insecurity going on. Let's look at getting it under control. If it's making you crazy, it can make your family a little crazy too. This type of anxiousness is passedon to others, which is important to remember whenever you have the urge to share your fears.TOO MUCH INFORMATIONTMI (too much information) happens because it seems that by releasing Pent-up(压抑的)feelings of anxiety you will feel better and hopefully more supported and that this can happen but not with your loved ones because they will take all your fair and magnify it. Talk instead with your financial advisor, your bank manager or your therapist. Laying your financial fears at the feet of your family is not good for them or for you. Yes, be honest about any problems, but if you get emotional, so will those closest to you POSITIVE ACTIONIt's hard to be this passionate about money, but honestly, it's really the best way to get this issue solved. You have to look at it from a practical standpoint. Go over your debts, look closely at your assets and determine the best thing for you to do with your time right now.Maybe you need to use this time to get your books and other only your computer or use it to job hunt or to promote your business. Then again you may need to hire an accountant and go on some interviews. The point is simple: the only way to relieve yourself of the uncomfortable feeling of financial pressure is to take some kind of positive action.63. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Financial problems are not vital ones in everyone's daily life.B. You'd better calm down when you have financial problems.C. You needn't worry about unexpected bills even if you're out of work.D. When you have financial fears, remember to share feelings with others.64. The passage implies that ______.A. the best way to deal with money problem K to take positive actionB. as long as we share feelings with others, money fear will disappearC. we should have an optimistic attitude toward financial fearsD. any problem we meet can be solved with the help of money65. The phrase lay your financial fears at the feet of your family in the sixth paragraph probably means ______.A. to solve financial fears caused by your familyB. to help your family smartly avoid financial fearsC to make your family responsible for financial fearsD. to encourage your family to face financial fears bravely66. The best title of the passage is ______.A. Perceptions of money and valueGuilt is one of the most painful emotions that human experience but also one of the most common. Nobody enjoys feeling guilty, but this emotion serves an important purpose: It alerts a person when he or she has done something wrong. This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions ____67____Nevertheless, guilt can be destructive if it is not dealt with in the right way, It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inactions. Some try to avoid at the pain of duty by turning to other worse habits. ____68____The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with. For false guilty, it's important to recognize that the guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure.For example, some false guilt focuses on failing to meet expectations you had for yourself. ___69___ No one is perfect, and no one can do everything, so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.It is also important to acknowledge what you're feeling. Even when you don't need to feel guilty, these feelings are real and normal, Try to balance them with positive thoughts, but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.___70___ If so, don't try to conceal it. Apologize and ask for forgiveness. Learn from your mistakes, and try to avoid committing the same acts again. Getting on well with the person you hurt should make you guilty feeling fade.Guilt is painful, but it can serve a good purpose if you use it wellIV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Have you ever been involved in animal rescue? This is what happened to the Winter the dolphin. Winter was found off the coast of Florida in December of 2005. She was just a few months old, alone, and caught in a crab trap. The ropes from the trap were wrapped tightly around her body.The fisherman who found her called for help, and the rescue team soon arrived. The ropes had cut off the blood circulation to her tail. She was badly hurt. Her rescuers didn't think she would survive. Hoping for a miracle and racing against time to save her, the rescuers transferred her to the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium in Florida.The doctors managed to save Winter, but sadly, not her tail. He tail flukes were too damaged and had to be removed so Winter could live.The little dolphin Winter survived against all odds, but she would never be able to swim normally without a tail. Thankfully the story doesn't end here. Winter was able to swim, but not very well. Because she didn't have a tail. She moved her body in a side-to-side motion like a shark. But doctors at the aquarium were worried that unconventional moment would hurt her spine.Kevin Carroll heard Winter's story and for thought, he would could help. Heis a specialist who designs and provides prostheses for people. If he could help people, why not help a dolphin? He started working with Winter and came up with a solution for the new fluke and tail sectionKevin designed a stretchy sleeve to fit winter's body and protect her skin. Then a tail made of silicone and plastic was made to tightly fit over the sleeve. Now winter can swim like other dolphins. And she is a great inspiration to people who struggle with their own injuries.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 交友时不要以貌取人。

1宝山试卷

1宝山试卷

A.a B.b C.c D.d
6.下列过程中,由逆转录酶催化的是 A.DNA→RNA C.蛋白质→蛋白质
图2
B.RNA→DNA D.RNA→蛋白质
7.图 3 表示洋葱的一个 DNA 分子片段, 在 DNA 聚合酶作用下形成的键是
A.① B.② C.③ D.④
2019 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷

2019 学年第一学期期末高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷
第5页共8页
(三)生物工程与疾病治疗(12 分)
肿瘤疫苗是新型治疗方法,其原理是将肿瘤抗原导入人体内,激活患者自身的免疫应答, 从而达到控制或清除肿瘤的目的。
33.(2 分) 通过肿瘤疫苗激活的免疫应答归类正确的是

①细胞免疫
②体液免疫
D.核 DNA 的复制方式不同
图6
12.如果正常人血液中甲状腺素过多,则促甲状腺激素水平会相应下降,这属于
A.正反馈作用
B.负反馈作用
C.拮抗作用
D.协同作用
13.剧烈运动引起血压升高,发生降压反射时, A. 压力感受器传入冲动频率降低 C. 外周阻力降低
B. 副交感神经兴奋性减弱 D. 心排血量升高
C.抗利尿激素增多
D.体内产热大于散热
5.在探究洋葱细胞外界溶液浓度与质壁分离的关系实验中,在 m 点时间分别用 0.1g/ml 蔗 糖溶液、0.3g/ml 蔗糖溶液、0.5g/ml 蔗糖溶液和清水引流洋葱表皮细胞,在 n 点时间再用清 水引流,测得细胞原生质体积变化如图 2,图 2 中代表用 0.3g/ml 蔗糖溶液引流过结果的是
图3
第1页共8页
8.图 4 表示不同浓度生长素对芽生长的影响。当植物表现出顶端优势时,若顶芽所处浓度 为 b,最靠近顶芽的侧芽所含生长素的浓度为

2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试生命科学试题(含答案)

2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试生命科学试题(含答案)

精品文档,名师推荐!来源网络,造福学生———————欢迎下载,祝您学习进步,成绩提升———————2019 年等级考试卷一、选择题(共40 分,每小题 2 分,每小题只有一个正确答案)1.“雨前椿芽雨后笋”,谷雨之前,香椿芽成为人们餐桌上的美食,香椿芽富含的Ca2+常用用来治疗( )A.甲状腺肿大B.肌肉抽搐C.红绿色盲D.贫血2.右图是某动物细胞局部的电子显微镜照片,该结构是( )A.细胞核B.大液泡C.内质网D.线粒体3.果蝇某体细胞有8 条染色体,在其细胞周期中,仅有8 个DNA 分子的时期是( )A.G1 期B.S 期结束C.G2 期D.M 期开始4.如图所示,在最适温度和PH 下,增大反应速度的方法是( )A 增加酶的数量B 增加底物浓度 C.增加反应时间 D .增加温度5.牛胰核糖核苷酸酶是由124 个氨基酸组成的多肽,在尿素和β-巯基乙醇的作用下发生如图所示变化失去生物活性则尿素和β-巯基乙醇的作用为( )A.增大氨基酸数量B.改变氨基酸顺序C 减少氨基酸数量 D.破坏多肽空间结构6.下图表示血液中白细胞进入组织液的一种方式,该过程体现细胞膜具有( )① 一定流动性②全透性③ 信息交流A 仅① B.仅② C.仅③ D.仅①③7.人体角膜是一层无血管、无色素并具有丰富神经末梢的结构,若有异物与角膜接触,眼脸就不由自主的合上,在此过程中,感受器是( )A.角膜中的上皮细胞B.眼脸部位的肌肉C.角膜上的神经末梢D.眼脸部位的血管8 当土壤中含氮量较低,植物的细胞TAB2 基因表达增强,生长素含量增加,对侧根生长的促进作用逐渐增强,从而“主动寻找”氮元素。

此过程中,生长素浓度变化范围符合图中的( )A. a-b 段B. b-c 段C.c-d 段D.d-e 段9.对甲、乙、丙、丁四个地区进行生物多样性调查,各地区物种类型及其所占百分比如图所示(a-e 代表不同物种)时,物种多样性最高的地区是( )甲乙丙丁A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁10.给狗喂食时,一直按铃,如此重复多次。

2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试生命科学试题(含答案)

2019年上海市普通高中学业水平等级性考试生命科学试题(含答案)

精品文档,名师推荐!来源网络,造福学生———————欢迎下载,祝您学习进步,成绩提升———————2019 年等级考试卷一、选择题(共40 分,每小题 2 分,每小题只有一个正确答案)1.“雨前椿芽雨后笋”,谷雨之前,香椿芽成为人们餐桌上的美食,香椿芽富含的Ca2+常用用来治疗( )A.甲状腺肿大B.肌肉抽搐C.红绿色盲D.贫血2.右图是某动物细胞局部的电子显微镜照片,该结构是( )A.细胞核B.大液泡C.内质网D.线粒体3.果蝇某体细胞有8 条染色体,在其细胞周期中,仅有8 个DNA 分子的时期是( )A.G1 期B.S 期结束C.G2 期D.M 期开始4.如图所示,在最适温度和PH 下,增大反应速度的方法是( )A 增加酶的数量B 增加底物浓度 C.增加反应时间 D .增加温度5.牛胰核糖核苷酸酶是由124 个氨基酸组成的多肽,在尿素和β-巯基乙醇的作用下发生如图所示变化失去生物活性则尿素和β-巯基乙醇的作用为( )A.增大氨基酸数量B.改变氨基酸顺序C 减少氨基酸数量 D.破坏多肽空间结构6.下图表示血液中白细胞进入组织液的一种方式,该过程体现细胞膜具有( )① 一定流动性②全透性③ 信息交流A 仅① B.仅② C.仅③ D.仅①③7.人体角膜是一层无血管、无色素并具有丰富神经末梢的结构,若有异物与角膜接触,眼脸就不由自主的合上,在此过程中,感受器是( )A.角膜中的上皮细胞B.眼脸部位的肌肉C.角膜上的神经末梢D.眼脸部位的血管8 当土壤中含氮量较低,植物的细胞TAB2 基因表达增强,生长素含量增加,对侧根生长的促进作用逐渐增强,从而“主动寻找”氮元素。

此过程中,生长素浓度变化范围符合图中的( )A. a-b 段B. b-c 段C.c-d 段D.d-e 段9.对甲、乙、丙、丁四个地区进行生物多样性调查,各地区物种类型及其所占百分比如图所示(a-e 代表不同物种)时,物种多样性最高的地区是( )甲乙丙丁A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁10.给狗喂食时,一直按铃,如此重复多次。

上海市宝山区2019届高三一模考试数学试卷及答案

上海市宝山区2019届高三一模考试数学试卷及答案

上海市宝山区2019届高三一模考试数学试卷2018.12一、填空题1.函数f(x)=sin(-2x)的最小正周期为____________.2.集合U=R,集合A={x|x -3>0},B={x|x +1>0},则B ∩∁U A =___________.3.若复数z 满足(1+i)z=2i(i 是虚数单位),则z =___________.4.方程ln(9x +3x -1)=0的根为___________.5.从某校4个班级的学生中选出7名学生参加进博会志愿者服务,若每一个班级至少有一名代表,则各班的代表数有___________种不同的选法.(用数字作答)6关于x, y 的二元一次方程组的增广矩阵为⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-510321,则x +y =___________. 7.如果无穷等比数列{a n }所有奇数项的和等于所有项的和的3倍,则公比q =___________. 8函数y=f(x)与y=lnx 的图像关于直线y=-x 对称,则f(x)= _________9已知A(2,3),B(1,4),且21AB =( sin x, cosy),x 、y ∈)2,2(ππ-, 则x +y =___________. 10.将函数y=-21x -的图像绕y 轴旋转一周所得的几何容器的容积是___________.11.章老师整理旧资料时发现一题部分字迹模糊不清,只能看到:在ΔABC 中,a,b,c 分别是角A,B,C 的对边,已知b=22,∠A=45°,求边c 。

显然缺少条件,若他打算补充a 的大小,并使得c 只有一解.那么,a 的可能取值是___________. (只需填写一个合适的答案)12.如果等差数列{a n },{b n }的公差都为d(d ≠0),若满足对于任意n ∈N,都有b n -a n =kd,其中k 为常数,k ∈N *则称它们互为“同宗”数列.已知等差数列{a n }中,首项a 1=1,公差d=2,数列{b n }为数列{a n }的“同宗”数列,若+∞→111(lim b a n 31)1122=++n n b a b a , 则k =___________. 二、选择题13.若等式1+x +x 2+x 3=a 0+a 1(1-x)+a 2 (1-x) 2+a 3(1-x) 3对一切x ∈R 都成立,其中a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3为实常数,则a 0+a 1+a 2+a 3=( )A.2B.-1C.4D.114.“x ∈]2,2[ππ-"是“sin( (arcsin x))=x ”的( )条件 A.充分非必要 B.必要非充分C.充要D.既非充分也非必要15关于函数f(x)=232-x 的下列判断,其中正确的是( )A.函数的图像是轴对称图形B.函数的图像是中心对称图形C.函数有最大值D. 当x>0时,y=f(x)是减函数16设点M,N 均在双曲线C :3422y x -=1上运动,F 1,F 2是双曲线C 的左、右焦点,则|1MF +2MF -|2的最小值为( ) A.32 B.4 C.72 D.以上都不对三、解答题17.如图,在四棱锥P-ABCD 中,PA ⊥平面ABCD,正方形ABCD 的边长为2,PA=4,设E 为侧棱PC 的中点(1)求正四棱锥E-ABCD 的体积V;(2)求直线BE 与平面PCD 所成角θ的大小.18.已知函数f(x)=10022cos 112sin 3x x-,将f(x)的图像向左平移α(α>0)个单位得函数y=g(x)的图像 (1)若α=4π,求y=g(x)的单调增区间; (2)若α∈(0, 2π),y=g(x)的一条对称轴为x=12π,求y=g(x)x ∈[0, 2π]的值域.19.某温室大棚规定:一天中,从中午12点到第二天上午8点为保温时段,其余4小时为工人作业时段,从中午12点连续测量20小时,得出此温室大棚的温度y(单位:度)与时间t(单位:小时,t ∈[0,20])近似地满足函数2|13|++-=t b t y 关系,其中,b 为大棚内一天中保温时段的通风量 (1)若一天中保温时段的通风量保持100个单位不变,求大棚一天中保温时段的最低温度(精确到0.1℃);(2)若要保持大棚一天中保温时段的最低温度不小于17°C.求大棚一天中保温时段通风量的最小值.20.已知椭圆Г:224y x +=1的左右焦点为F 1,F 2 (1)以F 1为焦点,原点为顶点的抛物线方程;(2)若椭圆Г上的点M 满足∠F 1MF 2=,求M 的纵坐标y M ;(3)设N(0,1),若椭圆T 上存在不同两点P,Q 满足∠PNO=90°,证明直线PQ 过定点,并求该定点坐标.21.如果数列{a n }对于任意n ∈N*,都有a 2+n -a n =d 其中d 为常数,则称数列{a n }是“间等差数列”,d 为“间公差”若数列{a n }满足a 1+n +a n =2n -35,n ∈N *,a 1=a(a ∈R)(1)求证数列{a n }是“间等差数列”,并求间公差d;(2)设S n 为数列{a n }的前n 项和,若S n 的最小值为-153,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)类似地非零数列{b n }对于任意n ∈N,都有nn b b 2+=q,其中q 为常数,则称数列{b n }是“间等比数列”,q 为“间公比”,已知数列{c n }中满足c 1=k(k ≠0,k ∈Z), c n c 1+n =2018(21)1-n ,n ∈N *,试问数列{c n }是否为“间等比数列”,若是,求最大的整数k 使得对于任意n ∈N,都有C n >C 1+n ;若不是,说明理由.、。

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宝山区2018学年第一学期期末 高中生命科学学科等级考质量监测试卷考生注意:1.试卷满分100分,考试时间60分钟。

2.试卷包含两部分,第一部分为选择题,第二部分为综合题。

3.答题前,务必用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号。

考生需将答案全部写在答題纸上,不要超过答题框,否则不得分。

一、选择题(共40分,每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案)1.下列能正确表示脱氧核苷酸结构的是2.在电子显微镜下,颤藻和水绵细胞中都能被观察到的结构是A .细胞核B .内质网C .叶绿体D .核糖体 3.图1表示染色体中蛋白质、DNA 、基因的关系。

甲、乙、丙依次是A .DNA 、基因、蛋白质B .基因、DNA 、蛋白质C .基因、蛋白质、DNAD .DNA 、蛋白质、基因4.艾滋病病毒属于RNA 病毒,有关艾滋病病毒的说法正确的是A .病毒内可进行RNA 自我复制B .主要由DNA 、RNA 和蛋白质组成C .主要寄生在人体T 淋巴细胞D .可用来抑制绿脓杆菌治愈烧伤病人 5.人体口腔中生活着一定数量的链球菌,其分泌的过氧化氢对一些病原菌有抑制作用,这种免疫方式属于A .非特异性免疫B .人工免疫C .二次免疫D .特异性免疫 6.将盛有一定浓度蔗糖溶液的透析袋口所紧后浸于蒸馏水中,下图表示透析袋中蔗糖溶液浓度与时间的关系,正确的是7.香蕉是人们喜爱的水果之一,果农通过地下球茎中的不定芽培育成苗,这种生殖方式是 A. 出芽生殖 B .营养繁殖 C .分裂生殖 D .有性生殖 8.图2浓度下,根和茎作出的反应分别是 A .促进作用加强,促进作用加强 B .抑制作用加强,促进作用减弱 C .促进作用减弱,促进作用加强 D .促进作用相同,促进作用相同A B C D染色体乙 甲 丙图1 A.B.C.D.生长素的浓度(mol/L)图29.图3表示人体内主要能源物质氧化分解的部分途径,其中的大写字母代表物质。

下列叙述正确的是A .物质M 可能是乳酸或酒精B .物质Y 为葡萄糖或丙酮酸C .糖原水解发生在肝细胞和肌细胞中D .X →Y 过程发生在线粒体中 10.逃生演练中,某同学作出逃生反应的部分机制如图4。

下列叙述正确的是A .警报声感受器X 位于人体肌肉内B .若传出神经受损,听不到警报声C .逃生反应有多个神经中枢参与D .若传出神经受损,不影响肌肉收缩11.剧烈运动后应该服用淡盐水而非清水,一次饮用1L清水(实线)和1L 盐水(虚线)后,人体排尿率如图5所示,下列说法正确的是A. 饮用清水后,尿量先少后多B .饮用盐水后,尿量先多后少C .饮用清水比饮用盐水,体内抗利尿激素更多D .剧烈运动后,饮用淡盐水更有利于机体维持渗透压平衡 12.遗传信息的多样性体现在:A .碱基配对方式B .DNA 的空间结构C .脱氧核苷酸的种类D .碱基的排列顺序13.图6为细胞周期示意图,G 0期为暂不增殖细胞所处时期。

下列相关叙述正确的是A .图示细胞的细胞周期为23hB .S 期应为染色体复期及加倍的时期C .记忆B 细胞所处时期应为G 0期D .M 期染色体平均分配所用时间长于间期14.用测微尺测量同一个叶保卫细胞的长度时,下列目镜和物镜的组合中,视野内目镜测微尺格数显示最多的是①目镜10× ②目镜16× ③物镜10× ④物镜40×A .①③B .①④C .②③D .②④15.图7中的细胞A 属于A .受精卵B .胚胎干细胞C .多能干细胞D .单能干细胞XYCO 2+N+大量能量M+少量能量图3警报声感受器X 神经中枢肌肉收缩 传入神经 传出神经逃生图4图50 1 2 3 小时每 分钟排 尿 量 饮水图616.为证实微信传言“手机屏幕细菌比马桶按钮上的多”。

两个兴趣小组分别展开如图8的实验过程。

下列分析正确的是A .两组实验过程可在教室里进行实验比较B .两组实验结果不同,与取样部位不同无关C .两组实验在接种过程中均需要用到接种环D .该实验对照组应设置为取相同培养基接种等量无菌水进行培养17.决定豌豆圆粒形的是显性基因(用H 表示),皱粒形的是隐性基因(用h 表示),皱粒形的豌豆的基因组成示意图是18.图9是洋葱根尖分生区细胞有丝分裂的光学显微镜照片,该细胞刚完成 A .细胞核分离 B .染色单体分离C .DNA 双链解开D .同源染色体分离19.高的动脉血压引起降压反射。

发生降压反射时,则出现 A .压力感受器传入冲动频率降低 B .副交感神经兴奋性减弱C .心排血量和外周阻力降低D .心排血量和外周阻力升高20.有些同学不吃早餐,用午餐补充,结果午餐摄入过量,则会造成某激素分泌过量,引起肥胖,下列解释合理的是A .胰岛素分泌过多,促进了葡萄糖的氧化分解B .胰岛素分泌过多,促进了糖原和脂肪的合成C .肾上腺素分泌过多,促进血压升高,引起肥胖D .胰高血糖素分泌过多,促进氨基酸转化为脂肪hA图9固定面积用无菌棉取样 10mL 菌悬液 特殊处理制成 继续实验 小组1:小组2:手机屏幕 手机屏幕 马桶按钮 马桶按钮 图8二、综合题(一)生长素作用与细胞结构的关系(12分)生长素能促进细胞伸长生长的机理指出:生长素与细胞膜上的受体结合,从而激活了细胞膜上转运氢离子的载体,将氢离子向膜外运输,进而激活细胞壁上酶X ,最终导致细胞壁松散,细胞因吸水伸长。

据图10回答下列问题:21.(2分)图10中结构A 的化学成分为 。

22.(4分)图10中H +的跨膜运输方式是 ,生长素发挥作用首先是与细胞膜上的受体结合,形成“激素一受体复合物”,这一过程体现了细胞膜的 功能。

23.(2分)根据已有知识和图推断,下列相关叙述正确的是 (多选)。

A. A TP 结构中含三个高能磷酸键B. 酶X 的作用是促进水解反应C. 原生质层的伸缩性大于细胞壁的伸缩性D. 任何浓度的生长素都能促进细胞伸长 24.(2分)用单侧光照射胚芽鞘尖端,与向光侧细胞相比,背光侧细胞内酶X 的活性较强,其原因是 。

25.(2分)在光学显微镜下观察有大液泡的细胞,其细胞核中找不到染色体的原因 。

A .没有用龙胆紫染色B .生长素破坏了染色体结构C .无染色体形成D .显微镜倍率不够胞壁松后细胞糖链(二)户外运动与内环境调节(12分)徒步探险是一种惊险,刺激的户外运动。

在户外复杂条件下,人体依靠内环境自稳态调节维持各器官、系统的协调活动,图11为内环境调节部分机制,甲乙丙丁代表腺体或神经结构,①~②代表途径,a~f 代表物质。

据图11回答下列问题:26.(2分)当在高寒地区徒步探险时,物质c 含量明显上升,加速组织细胞物质氧化分解,释放能量,增加产热量抵御寒冷,那么物质a 为 。

27.(2分)图中有助人体体温升高的激素有 (多选) A .c B .d C .e D .f28.(2分)内分泌腺的活动也受神经系统的调节,信息在结构丙中传递形式 。

A .负反馈 B .激素 C .神经冲动 D .神经递质 29.(2分)图中毛细血管壁由一层细胞构成,毛细血管壁细胞的内环境是 。

30.(2分)在丛林深山探险时,血糖消耗量极大,此时人体内物质f 和物质e 明显升高,升高血糖,维持血糖平衡,请依次说出f 和e 的物质名称 。

31.(2分)去年小明体检出重度脂肪肝,高血脂,胆固醇,于是他天天徒步一万步,风雨无阻坚持一年,今年体检时,检测报告出血脂恢复正常,因此,坚持长期的健身运动,对血脂有明显的调节作用。

请以甘油三酯为例,简述坚持徒步运动有效降低血脂原因丙a甲肾上腺下丘脑(三)小麦品种与光合作用(12分)某农业所改良小麦品种,研究其光合作用特性。

图12表示小麦幼苗原品种和新品种的净光合速率与光照强度关系。

32.(2分)光合作用过程分为 两个阶段。

33.(2分)图12中光照在[0-X]时,原品种小麦的叶绿体与线粒体之间的气体关系对应于下 列图 。

34.(3分) 要获得图12中的新品种曲线,实验应设置的条件组合是 。

①环境CO 2浓度保持不变 ②环境温度保持不变 ③环境湿度保持不变 ④光照强度保持不变⑤植株样本足够多 ⑥选用生长状态一致的植株研究人员在相同培养条件下分别测定了小麦新育品种与原种(对照) 幼苗叶片的净光合速率、蛋白质含量和叶绿素含量,如表135.(2分)叶绿素位于叶绿体 ,可用 方法进行分离。

36.(3分)由表可知 小麦光合作用最强,其原因是 。

表1A.B. C. D.(四)现代生物技术与疾病的治疗(12分)严重复合型免疫缺陷疾病 (SCID ),因体内缺乏腺苷酸脱氨酶(ada )基因,导致体内无法合成腺苷酸脱氨酶,患者不能够抵抗任何微生物的感染,只能在无菌条件下生活。

科学家对患者的基因治疗过程如图13,最终,患者的免疫功能得到了很好的修复。

37.(2分)病毒a 会被人体识别,属于引起人体发生免疫发应的 。

38.(2分)从分子水平上写出病毒b 与病毒a 的不同地方 。

39.(4分)过程②属于转基因技术的 ,过程③需采用的生物技术是 。

40.(2分)为保障治疗的安全性,科学家已将病毒a 基因组RNA 上编码病毒球壳的蛋白基因一律删除掉(基因编辑),以降低病毒的潜在风险。

这种潜在的风险是指 (多选)。

A .病毒a 的基因复制 B .病毒a 的RNA 逆转录 C .病毒a 在宿主细胞中的自我繁殖 D .病毒a 侵入其他细胞能力41.(2分)图13治疗过程中,利用基因编辑技术对T 淋巴细胞进行改造和修饰,然后再重新注入人体,会不会造成人类基因污染?下列说法正确的是 。

A .T 淋巴细胞增殖分化为生殖细胞而遗传 B .T 淋巴细胞经减数分裂形成生殖细胞而遗传C .作用于成体免疫细胞而不会通过生殖细胞而遗传D .作用于成体免疫细胞会通过血液传染而遗传①携带人正常ada 基因的细菌病毒a (含逆转录酶)从SCID 患者体内分离T 淋巴细胞病毒b③将携带正常ada 基因的T 淋巴细胞再注入患者体内②图13(五)遗传与遗传病(12分)血友病是由X 染色体上的隐性基因导致的遗传病(H 对h 为显性)。

某家族遗传系谱如图14,其中Ⅱ-2和Ⅱ-3为同卵双胞胎女儿(遗传物质相同)。

据图回答下列问题:42.(1分)写出Ⅲ-1的基因型43.(2分)Ⅲ-1号的致病基因最终来源 。

A .Ⅰ-1含有的致病基因B .Ⅱ-1的基因突变C .Ⅰ-2含有的致病基因D .Ⅲ-1的染色体畸变 44.(2分)Ⅱ-3号夫妇生血友病患孩的概率是 。

45. (2分)Ⅱ-3女士为预防生下血友病小孩,去医院做的检查,医生建议做的检查是 。

46.(3分)医院检查的结果发现Ⅲ-2是唐氏综合征,医生建议 ,并解释唐氏综合征形成原因是 。

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