北京海淀高三一模英语试题及答案
海淀区2023年高三一模英语试题及答案
海淀区2022—2023学年第二学期期中练习高三英语2023.04 本试卷共10页，100分。
考试时长90分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Before Jenny passed away from cancer,she made her husband, Steve, and their daughter，Brittany,promise her one thing: he would 1 Brittany, a high school senior, to the homecoming (返校节)game, where she was 2 for homecoming queen.It was important to her that her daughter should go.Brittany and Steve 3 .Days later, on the morning of Friday，September 24, Jenny died.Keeping their 4 , that very afternoon, an emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father across the football field with the other nominees (被提名者) to await the 5 of the voting.Brittany wasn't named homecoming queen that day;Nyla was.But, like many in the close-knit community, Nyla had heard about Jenny and her noble deeds for the community.In a(n)_ 6 gesture,moments after receiving the crown,Nyla walked over to Brittany, removed the crown from her head, and placed it atop her friend's.The two embraced, 7 holding each other tightly for support.“She'd rather have her mom than a crown,”Nyla said.By handing it to Brittany,"I was telling her that she was her mom's queen,and that she was loved by many, especially me.”“I felt so much love from her, and I just felt so much love for her,”said Brittany, who paid Nyla the ultimate praise,"I can see my mom through Nyla.They have the same caring, 8 spirit.”“Nyla is no less queen for lack of a crown,”said a teacher.There's a saying that real queens 9 each other's crowns.But the truth is，real queens give up their crowns to let other queens 10 .1.A.invite B.introduce C.recommend D.accompany2.A.running B.voting C.seeking D.applying3.A.agreed B.negotiated C.hesitated D.declined4.A.award B.promise C.appointment D.secret5.A.session B.process C.outcome D.start6.A.unplanned B.expectant C.unwilling D.typical7.A.gratefully B.cheerfully C.sadly D.tearfully8.A.volunteering B.nursing C.giving D.forgiving9.A.wear B.make C.trade D.fix10.A.stand B.shine C.lead D.celebrate第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
2023-2024学年北京市海淀区高三上学期英语质量检测模拟试题(含解析)
2023-2024学年北京市海淀区高三上学期英语质量检测模拟试题本试卷分第一卷（选择题）、第二卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷选择题（共115分）第一部分听力（满分20分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How much did the pink coat cost?A.$35.B.$50.C.$85.2.What will the woman do next?A.Make a telephone call.B.Go to her office.C.Visit a library.3.Why is Alex applying for financial aid?A.He is out of work.B.He has lost lots of money.C.He has to support his little brother.4.When does the conversation take place?A.On Monday.B.On Wednesday.C.On Friday.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A strike.B.An employee.C.A p i e c e o f n e w s.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面几段材料，每段材料后有几个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至8三个小题。
2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题(解析版)
2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，5 45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AAt 8, I started taking art lessons (1) ________ (improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations weren’t matched.So, in the 11 th Grade, I returned to the basics. On (2) ________ sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my (3) ________ (create) talents and find moments of joy in life.1.『答案』to improve『解析』本题考查非谓语做状语；提示词improve为动词，句子中，前面的代词I与名词lessons，都不能充当improve的主语，所以improve需要做非谓语。
2024学年北京市海淀区高三英语试题一模试题含解析
2024学年北京市海淀区高三英语试题一模试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What2．–My TV set doesn’t work, the water tap is dripping and my car is still under repair!–You sure ________ bad luck these days.A．had B．will have C．had had D．are having3．– Where did you get to know her?-- It was on the farm ___ we worked.A．that B．there C．which D．where4．With a travelling speed of up to 350 kilometres per hour, the railway to be built between Beijing and Shanghai_______ the journey time from 12 hours to 5 hours．A．cuts B．will cut C．is cutting D．has cut5．To make extra-class education run on the right track, China is tightening _____ of after-school training institutions. A．application B．regulationC．adaptation D．cooperation6．—I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.—________？Mary is interested.A．Why bother B．Why notC．So what D．What for7．When I said someone broke the school regulations, I ______ you. Why did you get that angry?A．don’t refer to B．haven’t referred to C．wasn’t referring to D．hadn’t referred to8．Peterson, a great archaeologist, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe that the ministry was ________ this problem, but we feel that we can't wait any longer.”A．looking out B．bringing out C．carrying out D．sorting out9．John ______ an NBA playoff game on TV now.A．watches B．watched C．will watch D．is watching10．The shocking news made me realize _____________ terrible problems we would face.A．that B．howC．why D．what11．students English well, the teacher tries to speak English in class very often.A．Teaching B．TaughtC．To teach D．Teach12．Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友）from home and abroad.A．Attend B．To attend C．Attending D．Having attended13．Allen followed his customer across the yard and stood on the step of the house, two shopping bags.A．lifted B．having lifted C．to lift D．lifting14．—What an amazing picture!—The little boy ____the soldiers, and I caught them in an unguarded moment.A．was saluting B．saluted C．had saluted D．would salute15．The Oxford English Dictionary is necessary for learning English，so you'd better buy __________．A．this B．that C．it D．one16．--- I have been working for more than 30 years! I’m going to retire next month.--- Really? You don’t look a day 40!A．over B．byC．with D．for17．These new books are a very welcome _________ to the school library.A．addition B．arrival C．attitude D．audience18．Alice’s father always brings her a nice gift ________ he returns home from his business trip.A．by the time B．all the timeC．every time D．in the time19．---Mum, can you tell me why some parents send their children to study abroad at a very young age?---__________, darling. I have never thought about it.A．Y ou have got me there B．Take your timeC．Y ou bet D．Don’t be silly20．__________ 62% of all luxury consumer sales in Europe in 2015, shoppers from the Chinese mainland spent $7.2 billion overseas during the Spring Festival.A．Accounting for B．Adding toC．Consisting of D．Making up第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2023北京海淀高三一模英语试题(含答案)
20222023学年第二学期期中练习参考答案2023. 04第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30第一节（共10 1.5分，共15第二节（共10 1.5分，共1512. that/which 14. in/into第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38第一节（共142分，共28第二节（共52分，共10第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32第一节（共4小题；第40412分，第423分，第435分，共1240. What is the biggest cause of our e-waste problem?The biggest cause of our e-waste is (the fact) that we buy things that we just don’t need.It is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. /(The fact)That we buy things that we just don’t need. 41. How can people get tax deductions when managing e-waste?They/People get tax deductions by making donations. /Through donations.43. Why do we need to manage our e-waste? (Managing our e-waste can reduce the pressure on the environment. If we don’t deal with the fast-growing e-resources, because some metals in e-waste are reusable if they are recycled.第二节20Firstly, it goes against the purpose of project-based learning, which is to cultivate critical thinking and teamwork.。
2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题(带答案解析)
A news report shows that China's urban pet consumer market7．(expect) to break through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year. Young people in big cities are the main contributors.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In recent years, trampolining (蹦床) has become a new craze among Chinese youths. Short videos4．(show) people's excitement about jumping back and forth on the colourful trampolines are regularly uploaded to social media. Most videos feature teenagers, but adults too have jumped on the trend, hoping to relive their childhood.
I was 11 when I asked my mum for piano lessons. We were in an economic crisis and she'd recently been11off. She said a polite “no”.
2020 年北京市海淀区高三一模 英语试卷(带答案)
2020 年北京市海淀区高三一模英语考试逐题解析第一部分：知识运用（共两节，5 45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AAt 8, I started taking art lessons (1) ________ (improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations wer en’t matched.So, in the 11 th Grade, I returned to the basics. On (2) ________ sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my (3) ________ (create) talents and find moments of joy in life.1.【答案】to improve【解析】本题考查非谓语做状语；提示词improve 为动词，句子中，前面的代词I 与名词lessons，都不能充当improve 的主语，所以improve 需要做非谓语。
海淀区2024届高三一模英语试题答案
海淀区2023-2024学年第二学期期中练习英语答案及评分参考第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）1. A2. D3. A4.C5.B6.B7.C8.A9. D10.C第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）11. using12. led13. With14. what15. which16. recognized17. the safest18. has witnessed19. Preference20. to avoid第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21.A22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35.D36.F37.G38.A39. E第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）40. The author's responsibility was to collect species for David to photograph.41. Because it revealed a universe of detail that even his/ the author's eager eyes had missed.42. Encountering a baby flounder while snorkeling deepened the author’s understanding that photography could reproduce an observation.···expand our/one's visual perception （and therefore teach us/him to see the world anew）.43.Possible Version 1Reading can help me see the world anew. Books provide a window into different cultures, perspectives, and experiences, expanding my understanding of the world. Through literature, I can immerse myself in diverse narratives and gain insights that challenge my preconceptions and broaden my outlook.Possible Version 2Learning a new language helps me see the world anew.Different from my mother tongue,a new language opens a window to a world significantly different from the one I grew up in.With a fresh perspective,I activate half dormant areas in my brain,thus unlocking possibilities otherwise ignored.第二节(20分)Possible Version 19April2024Dear JimProud of you for the voluntary decision.It's a pity that I can't join you in this kind act because only in July will I reach 18,the legal age required for blood donation in China.But trust me.It's already on my to-do list for the upcoming summer vacation.In fact,I have some knowledge about helping save life in this way.It's important to have nutritious foods rich in iron and protein to increase blood quality.Also,don't forget to exercise regularly and manage stress levels effectively to support your overall health.Although I can't join you this time, I'd love to provide any assistance you find necessary. Write back if you need help.Yours,Li Hua Possible Version 29April2024Dear JimYour letter came as a nice surprise. I’ll be glad to make my first blood donation with you.I've dreamed of becoming a voluntary blood donor since my grandfather's near-death experience. He often says he owes his life to those who offered to help. As a fit young man turning 18 next month, I'm ready to give back to society by doing my bit. It will be the best coming-of-age gift for myself.To get better prepared, we should follow a balanced diet rich in iron, get enough sleep, and do moderate exercise to stay healthy. Keeping a good mood is also important, for it boosts blood regenerationPlease let me know if you think of other things to note.Yours,Li Hua。
2022年北京市海淀区高考英语一模试卷(附答案详解)
2022年北京市海淀区高考英语一模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共28.0分）AOld and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed.A new photobook unveils their often overlooked beauty.Proctor's Theatre,Newark,New JerseyAlthough available outdoors from street sellers,food was banned in theatres to display respectability.In the late 1920s,however,the operators in Proctor′s Theatre in Newark began to set up stands to improve the economic situation during the Great Depression.Popcorn and Coke would become a significant part of the theatre′s income.Proctor's Theatre,Troy,New YorkOriginally opened as Proctor′s Fourth Street Theatre in 1914，it hosted famous comedians such as Jack Benny and Bob Hope.From 1929，it was successively taken over,renamed as Proctor′s Troy Theatre and switched to screening films.In the 1960s,it began playing second-run films before closing in 1977.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places （NRHP）in 1979.In 2010，the theatre was repaired but is currently not being used today. RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre,New YorkOriginally opened in 1928，RKO Keith′s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thomas Lamb.In 1982，it was listed on the NRHP.In 1986，the theatre was bought and closed by its new owner who planned to build a shopping centre on the site,intentionally damaging the hall.In 2019，despite the preservation efforts,the hall was knocked down to make way for a residential tower block.Metropolitan Opera House,PhiladelphiaThe theatre was originally opened as the Philadelphia Opera House in 1908.In the 1920s,it was renamed as the Metropolitan Opera House,showing silent films in addition to hosting various opera companies.In the 1940s,it became a sports arena.In 1954，it was turned into a church.In the late 1990s,the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher.The church and the developer came to an agreement on a repair for a music venue that was completed and reopened in 2018.1.In the late 1920s,Proctor′s Theatre in Newark set up stands to ______ .A. show respect for the guestsB. increase the theatre's incomeC. promote newly released moviesD. compete with the street sellers2.What can we know from the passage？______A. RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre is well preserved.B. Proctor′ s Theatre in Troy plays second-run films now.C. Metropolitan Opera House has witnessed changes in its function.D. Proctor's Theatre in Newark has been officially listed on the NRHP.3.What is the purpose of this passage______A. To rank the old and unrestored theatres.B. To show the development of American theatres.C. To encourage people to protect the old theatres.D. To provide information on overlooked old theatres.BTo the untrained eye,a pingpong ball is just a pingpong ball.To a Beverly Cleary fan,it's two motorcycle helmets for mice.Ever since I read Cleary′s series about Ralph,the motorcycle—riding mouse,I've never looked at a pingpong ball—or the world—the same way.Amazing to think that it's been more than forty years since I checked out The Mouse and the Motorcycle from my school library in Northport,and yet that one particular image is as clear to me as ever.And why shouldn't it be It's perfect.How I wanted a mouse of my own to ride a toy motorcycle around my house!Thanks to Cleary′s genius,a talking mouse friend seemed not only possible but probable.While much of children's literature attempted to explain the world from the point of view of a wise and gentle adult,Cleary created characters who saw the world as only children can.With great interest,I read every book that bore Beverly Cleary's name.She seemed like a friend who understood me in ways I didn't yet understand myself.I've written eight children's books and have always kept Beverly′s sense of wonder in mind.I don't remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted to write books,but I know that by second or third grade,my teacher assigned a project that allowed us to focus on whatever we wanted.My best friend picked dolphins；I chose children's authors,with a large chunk of myproject being about who else Beverly Cleary!I told that story recently to a school group.One of the students said, "That's fantastic!You did your project on children′s authors and then you became one!""Yes," I said. "And my best friend who did her project on dolphins—became a dolphin!" "Really？" the students said in chorus.And that perfectly sums up why I love writing for children：the belief that fantastic,magical things can happen.Best friends can become dolphins；mice can ride toy motorcycles and become our friends.That′s what Beverly Cleaiy taught me.In the hands of a gifted storyteller,anything is possible...and so very funny.4.The Mouse and the Motorcycle impressed the author mainly because ______ .A. it recorded animals' lifeB. it revealed the wisdom of lifeC. it encouraged children to raise petsD. it described the world from children's eyes5.When learning the author's friend became a dolphin,the students felt ______ .A. amazedB. doubtfulC. scaredD. confused6.What is the passage mainly about______A. What the author created to attract children.B. What the author did to turn impossible into possible.C. How Beverly Cleary aroused children's interest in reading.D. How the author was inspired to be a writer by Beverly Cleary.CWhen a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier （冰川）on the Swiss Alps' Mount Eiger in 2017，part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect.But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche's （崩塌）critical characteristics.Low-frequency sound wayes called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar.Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice：dangerous blocks snapping off glaciers.Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice,says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. "This was different,Johnson says. "A signature of a new material has been detected with infrasound."Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal,which researchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure.But a collapse—a sudden,rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches,which pose an increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice.A glacier "can become detached from the ground due to melting,causing bigger break-offs," says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti,lead author of the new study.As the threat grows,scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches,which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths.Infrasound,Marchetti says,is cheaper and can detect break-off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain.It is challenging,however,to separate a signal into its components （such as traffic noises,individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes）without additional measurements,says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. "The model used by Marchetti is a first approximation for ，" she says.Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche's speed,path and volume from afar using infrasound. Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk regions in Europe,and they have set up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce.They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascade's physical details.7.What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3？______A. Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.B. Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.C. Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.D. Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.8.Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar？______A. The combination with other relevant signals.B. The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.C. The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.D. The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.9.The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 4 refers to ______ .A. distinguishing different components of a signalB. detecting multiple avalanches at the same timeC. calculating the speed and path of ice avalanchesD. monitoring the specific location of ice break-offs10.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？______A. From Fire to IceB. Glacier WhispersC. Nature is WarningD. Secret of Ice AvalanchesDIn over 25 years,DeSimone has spun his research findings into commercial gold by launching several businesses.As a faculty member at the University of North Cai'olina,he provided scientific advice and held equity in the businesses.But he has never actually managed his companies.His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic post and an executive position.The dual roles can present huge conflicts.Conflicts of interest （COIs）occur when an individual′s personal interests—family,friendships,financial,or social factors—could compromise his or her judgment,decisions,or actions in the workplace,and it makes sound career sense to think about how to manage them.Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.In most places,COI management runs on an honor system.Researchers decide which financial holdings and relationships to disclose to university administrators.Journals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals.Most research institutions offer training to help faculty members to understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict.Administrators then decide whether the interest presents a conflict,and whether that conflict can be handled.If so,they create a management plan to address it.If not,researchers must abandon the work,partner with researchers at other institutions,or leave their university.Perception plays a part in defining a potential conflict,warns Walt,a chemist at Tufts University.Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students,Walt says.But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigator's company.Walt created such anarrangement to assure his students that they weren't actually working for his private companies. Relationships can pose conflicts when conference organizers are choosing speakers.Members of the American Society for Human Genetics program committee,which selects abstracts and talks for their annual meeting,must recuse （要求回避）themselves from considering talks by,for example,researchers at their current and past institutions,close collaborators and those with whom they have personal or familial ties.Even differing points of view can play a part.Scacheri,a geneticist who chairs the committee,says that members who have disagreed personally with potential speakers might also be obliged to recuse themselves："If you feel like you can't be an impartial （公正的）reviewer,that is considered a COI."Handling COIs can be burdensome.COI managers emphasize that the goal is not to suppress innovation,but to expose potential conflicts so that they can be managed. "Nothing about the process is meant to be prohibitive," says Grewal,a COI officer at MIT.Her institution wants to enable good science and the betterment of humanity."During that process," she says, "if you make some money,that′s good as well."11.The example of DeSimone in Paragraph 1 is used mainly to ______ .A. raise a questionB. report a findingC. introduce a topicD. present a theory12.To better deal with COIs ______ .A. researchers have to quit their job at the universityB. researchers should report the conflicts that possibly existC. institutions need to monitor the staff's career and relationshipsD. institutions should train researchers to create management plans13.What can we learn from the passage？______A. Grewal considers COI management exhausting and costly.B. Walt arranged to transfer discoveries at his lab to his companies.C. onference organizers should avoid inviting unqualified speakers.D. Scacheri believes personal viewpoints may impact a reviewer's decision.14.What can we infer from the passage______A. COIs can be defined depending on interpretations.B. COIs benefit scientific innovation and better humanity.C. COIs arise primarily due to the pursuit of financial gains.D. COIs can be got rid of by promoting fairness in workplaces.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision？There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. (1) sychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias （偏见），a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.To study "jumping"，we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population.We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. (2) In a quiz about US civics,they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.So what is behind "jumping"？Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought：automatic system,which reflects ideas that come to the mindeasily,spontaneously and without effort,and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning.Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. (3) . It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system.As a result,jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning.A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.(4) A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases,which can help people think more deliberatively.In this training,participants are confronted with their own biases.They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand.It helps to chip away at participants′ overconfidence.In everyday life,the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one. (5) Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.A.Happily,there may be some hope for jumpers.B.Also,jumpers had problems with overconfidence.C.But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.D.It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.E.We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.F.The jumpers,however,did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree asnon-jumpers.G.Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window.Knock,knock.Then a three-second pause.Knock,knock.Immediately I knew it was my best friend,Ben.The knock(20) was our emergency call which never means anything good."What's going on" I rushed to open the window and asked.Ben climbed in. "Bad news." He gave me a(21) look,and I immediately knew what it was.My heart(22) .I gave him a nod,and he sighed in response."Where to" I asked."Virginia.""That's far from Florida."We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same.Both Ben and I had parents in the airforce.We were used to frequent moves.Ben and I became close friends since I crashed into Ben's stand and sent plastic cups of lemonade flying into the heavens.At first,I(23) Florida.Everything changed,though,when I(24) rollerskated into Ben's lemonade stand."It must have been fate!" we claimed.But I think that,maybe,there was some(25) in thatlemonade,and that as it rained down on us,it cast a spell making us friends forever. "Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too." Ben said."Yeah,maybe."I knew the chance was low,but I chose to hope.Ben grinned at me.Though it looked sad,I saw(26) in him too."I'll have a lemonade stand(27) for you.""Then I'll pack my roller-skates.""Then I'll wear a poncho （雨披）."We(28).The humid Florida night closed around us,and I felt a tiny drop of liquid splash on my arm.I knew it was probably rain,but still,I thought that,maybe,it was a drop of magic lemonade,because nothing on earth can break the(29)between us.20. A. sound B. pattern C. number D. symbol21. A. playful B. grateful C. cheerful D. meaningful22. A. failed B. softened C. sank D. relieved23. A. hated B. missed C. explored D. appreciated24. A. gradually B. narrowly C. constantly D. accidentally25. A. sign B. magic C. flavour D. wish26. A. hope B. joy C. courage D. support27. A. necessary B. convenient C. ready D. useful28. A. struggled B. argued C. laughed D. compromised29. A. rule B. bond C. barrier D. balance四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共15.0分）30.Xu Mengtao,the flag-bearer for the Chinese delegation at the closing ceremony of 2022Winter Olympics,has got multiple world championships.But her road (1) glory was not smooth,since it was accompanied by many injuries.It was her passion for sports,herpersistence and determination that helped her continue and she finally (2) （win）the gold medal at her fourth Olympics.Her success goes beyond sports as it motivates both athletes and ordinary people in (3) （they）pursuit of dreams.(1)(2)(3)31.Based on AR and VR，the metaverse aims to bring people closer together in an onlinesetting,enabling them to be connected in ways they couldn't be before.Imagine (1)（attend）a meeting from the comfort of your couch,where you don't dress up,but your avatar does.You're seated at a virtual table with other people (2) reactions and bodylanguage can be judged just as well as they would be in real life.A metaverse could very likely bring these (3) （imagine）to reality,and soon.(1)(2)(3)32.Everyone has a sense of humor,but it's pretty evident that not everybody has a good senseof it.Psychologists axe divided on (1) humor is inborn or learnable.However,there is one thing that (2) （accept）universally so far—the sense of humor is uniquely human.It is associated with laughter and laughter is associated with happiness and courage.These are qualities (3) （share）with other forms of life.But if happiness is one of the goals (4) （chase）in life,then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.(1)(2)(3)(4)五、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共12.0分）33.You might not have heard of the "fresh start effect"，but if you've ever made a New Year'sresolution,you're familiar with it.It refers to the human tendency to take action towards achieving a goal after a special occasion or key date has passed.The fresh start effect is simple.Most people want to improve themselves in someway.When we hit important milestones,we're often likely to reflect：are we where we thought we'd be by a certain age Was this year a successful year,or did we waste it？Annual landmarks like birthdays,or the start of a new year,signify a new time period and an opportunity to leave slip-ups behind and to set new goals for better behavior.Research shows that anticipation of a new beginning is a key motivator for the fresh start effect.For example,people aged 29，39，49 etc.were 48% more likely to run a marathon for the first time.When they were approaching a new decade,they were more likely tosearch for meaning in their lives and try to improve themselves.The reason issimple.When we see our past self as separate from our current self,we feel it easier to introduce new goals and take action.What's interesting about the fresh start effect is that we don't need to wait for bigmilestones to take advantage of this sudden dose of motivation.Studies show that the first day of each month and even each week can also inspire us.These days,known as"temporal landmarks"，encourage us to step back and evaluate our current situation.And when we do this,we gain the motivation to be better：we become more driven and moreproductive.That is why people are more likely to start diets or exercise plans onMonday,rather than the next day.Fresh starts are exciting opportunities to learn from your mistakes and move forward.So if you're currently experiencing loss of motivation,questioning the meaning of your work,or just feel like you're stuck in a rut,why don't you use the fresh start effect in your own life？(1) According to the passage,what is "fresh start effect"？______(2) Why is it that "anticipation of a new beginning is a key motivator for the fresh starteffect"？______(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it andexplain why.A fresh start like the first day of each week is a time when w forget about our mistakes andmove forward.______(4) Besides the fresh start effect,in what other ways do you motivate yourself in your life？（In about 40 words）______六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）34.假设你是红星中学高三（1）班班长李华。
2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题(解析版)
【2题详解】
考查冠词。分析语境可知，此处指“在一本素描本上”，表泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。名词talents需要形容词修饰，所以此空用形容词。故填creative。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
【8题详解】
考查时态。此处缺乏谓语动词，由Nowadays和语境可知，此处指中国年轻人正在承受着更大的孤独和压力，所以用现在进行时（am/is/are doing），表“正在……”，主语young people是复数。故填are suffering。
【9题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词。explain后面接了一个宾语从句，由语境可知，此处指原因，所以用引导词why。故填why。
【10题详解】
考查介词。由语境可知，此处指“为了陪伴”，表目的，所以用介词for。故填for。
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海淀区高三年级第二学期期中练习英语本试卷共10页，共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将答题纸交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AOld Tom had four sons. He wanted them 1 (learn) not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them to look at an apple tree in different seasons. The first son went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer, and the youngest in autumn. When they all came back, he called them together to describe 2 they had seen. The sons had different 3 (opinion). Tom then told them that they shouldn’t judge a tree, or a person, by only one season.BEveryone 4 (love) snow. But when school stays open despite the snow, it can be really annoying. However, there is one upside of going to school 5 a cold winter day: you might be smarter. So far, researchers who study the brain 6 (find) that cold temperatures make us think more quickly since messages travel faster among our brain cells. So the scientists say 7 (hang) out ona cold morning may boost the result of any test that day.CA black hole is a spot in space that has 8 (power) gravity.Its gravity is so strong that it pulls everything nearby into it, stars, planets and other things. Black holes form when a star dies. When that happens, a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space, 9 becomes very dense. Black holes 10 (talk) about in 1783 first. That year, one scientist said that in the universe, there might be places with strong gravity to trap light, although he didn’t use the term “black hole”.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
My Perfect Imperfect LifeA few years ago, I was standing at the barre (扶手杠) waiting for my adult ballet class when I heard a voice behind me. “So, do you have this perfect life”My first reaction was to 11 who was being asked such an odd question. Then I remembered there were only two of us in the room. When I turned 12 , the other woman was looking straight at me.I had no idea how to answer it. Was she 13 Who has a perfect life Sure, occasionally I did find the perfect dress or the perfect pair of shoes, 14 never would I use that word to describe anything about me or my life. I felt a twinge of guilt for somehow giving her that 15 .She watched me. I finally 16 to whisper a quick “No”.By then, the teacher had entered the room and turned on the musicto start class. With a sigh of 17 , I moved my feet into the best position. But as soon as my knees bent for our first pose, I realized my 18 had been disturb ed. This woman’s words wouldn’t 19 echoing in my thoughts.I wanted to know how she came up with her very mistaken 20 .If she knew anything about my life, she never would have had the 21 to ask me that question.I did my best to do our floor exercises in front of the mirror. For a few moments, I didn’t see the usual 22 of my older self attempting to use a beautiful art form to 23 my gracefulness.I only saw the little girl whose father died when she was two, the child who walked home from elementary school every day to an empty house, who learned to sew her own clothes to 24 money.Perfect. My life had been far from it.When those memories 25 , I was left with a vision of the womanI had become, the woman 26 by all those things I considered imperfect. I now saw the woman who had learned to be self-reliant, who 27 her family and her friends, who didn’t take life for granted. Was that the “perfect” this woman had detectedI still don’t know, but I no longer feel 28 or feel like I must keep track of all the difficult times to prove my life isn’t29 . If ever again asked whether my life is perfect, I would havea different 30 . Because now I see that, despite all its imperfection, it is.11. A. notice B. understand C. wonder D. expect12. A. up B. away C. over D. around13. A. fair B. serious C. anxious D. wise14. A. but B. or C. for D. and15. A. intention B. instruction C. impression D. information16. A. learned B. managed C. agreed D. planned17. A. sadness B. surprise C. pleasure D. relief18. A. concentration B. patience C. confidence D. effort19. A. escape B. keep C. stop D. stand20. A. idea B. advice C. reason D. theory21. A. right B. urge C. excuse D. honor22. A. reflection B. preference C. appearance D. expression23. A. experience B. describe C. replace D. improve24. A. collect B. earn C. spend D. save25. A. faded B. failed C. floated D. flashed26. A. buried B. shaped C. watched D.followed27. A. changed B. welcomed C. valued D. protected28. A. worried B. guilty C. cautious D. desperate29. A. comfortable B. ordinary C. perfect D. meaningful30. A. solution B. message C. approach D. answer第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。