高考英语一轮复习 Section 15 语法填空

Section 15 语法填空高考英语语法填空有提示词解题技巧1．括号内提供的是动词首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。

然后根据以下两点进行思考。

①若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。

如：Actually I believed I would work for a few years，get ________(marry)，stay home and raise a family，so I d idn’t think the job I took mattered that much.这个小题主要考查单句层次上的语法结构。

该题的关键是判断宾语从句中有4个谓语动词，在从句中作并列谓语。

I believed I would work for a few years...I would get ________(marry)．..I would stay home...I would raise a family...答案married很清楚，get married在句子中与I would构成“主系表”结构。

get married强调一种已婚的状态，相当于be married。

如果没有get在前面，只能填入marry作谓语。

显然语言的形式要结合上下文语境综合考虑，才能符合交际的需要。

②若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词；若是非谓语动词就要确定是v.－ing形式，－ed形式，还是不定式。

确定的方法主要有：作主语或宾语，通常用v.－ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。

如：...but it is not enough only ________(memorize)rules from a grammar book.答案memorizing分析这个句子的成分可知，应该是memorizing...作真正的主语，前面的it是形式主语。

作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v.－ing)；若是被动关系，用过去分词(done)。

如：________(see)from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.答案Seen从句中“is”可判断句中已有谓语了，表明句子不缺谓语，可知所给提示词“see”在句中应该是不作谓语的动词形式，即非谓语动词形式；此时就可以利用三个步骤来分析决定用哪一种非谓语形式了：第一，“see”的逻辑主语就是句子的主语“the south foot of the mountain”；第二，“the south foot of the mountain”和“see”之间是被动关系；第三，动词的过去分词表示被动关系，因此应填“Seen”。

It rained heavily in the south，________(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.答案causing从句中“rained”可判定句子已有谓语了，说明所给提示词“cause”在句中作非谓语，“cause”与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，即“大雨导致洪涝”；现在分词表示主动关系，因此应填“causing”，作结果状语。

2．括号内提供的是形容词或副词如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。

如：________(actual)I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didn’t think the job I took mattered that much.答案More actually该空需要填入副词actually在句子中作状语。

有的考生填入more actually，虽然词性是对的，但是这里没有上下文比较的关系，逻辑语义不同，考生不能将语言的语法规则和语用功能有效地结合。

再如：“Thirty－five cents，” she said ________(rude)．答案rudely 此处考查副词作状语的用法。

括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词said，所以要使用副词形式。

但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。

如：At last，her courage and ________(wise)impressed both the CEO and Princeton University.答案wisdom 括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词courage是并列成分，一起充当主语，所以要使用名词形式wisdom。

另外，通常有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。

如：One of the ________(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher...因为这里是one of the＋名词复数的形式，表示……其中之一，因此范围是三者或三者以上，因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst。

3．括号内提供的是名词①括号内提供的如果是名词，尤其是单数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a，an，the)、物主代词(my，your，his等)、指示代词(this，that等)、不定代词(few，little，many，much，all，each，every，both，neither，other等)、名词所有格或形容词等对名词进行修饰。

②相反，如果给出的名词是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或形容词之后，则应考虑填名词。

但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否变复数，是否用所有格形式等。

如：One of my father’s favorite ________(say)as I was growing up was“Try it！”答案sayings这道题主要考查考生在特定语境中正确使用名词复数的能力。

考查考生是否知道“one of ＋名词的复数形式”在句子中作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

本句中as引导时间状语从句，表达的功能是“时空”概念。

该从句没有直接放在主句之后，而是进行了插入，放在了主句的主语之后，进行强调。

完整的主句是：One of my father’s favorite ________(say)was “Try it”．从该句的主系表结构中可以看出，one of my father’s favorite ________(say)在句子中作主语。

say要做两次转换：首先要转换成为名词；再将名词转为相应的复数形式。

say的名词是saying，其复数形式是sayings。

考生如果写对了saying只是做到了词形正确，同时还要保持单词的正确。

所以正确答案是sayings。

③当括号内提供的是名词时，还可能考查形容词。

如：There，my voice sounds reall y ________(wonder) because there’s a slight echo to it.答案wonderful 括号内提供的是名词，但此空作系动词sounds的表语，所以要使用形容词形式。

有时也可能考查副词、动词等。

如：A certain man planted a rose and watered it ________(faith)and before it blossomed，he examined it.答案faithfully 括号内提供的是名词，但此空在句中作状语，修饰动词watered，所以要变成副词。

注意：先将名词faith变成形容词faithful，然后再变成副词faithfully。

A(2016·全国Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top__1__(attract)．So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I__2__(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 00－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be__3__(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back__4__my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，__5__I was the first Western TV reporter__6__(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include__7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by__8__(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few__9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，__10__other is with mum—she never suspects.B(2016·全国Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of __1__(great)and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of __2__ (achieve)．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __3__ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused __4__our tasks in the morning than we are later in theday.So, get an early start and try to be as productive __5__ possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent __6__(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks__7__(regular)．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for__8__while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely __9__ (bring) your work home.It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，__10__ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.C(2016·全国Ⅲ)In much of Asia，especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，__1__Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic，animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might__2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time，__5__the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which__6__(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，__7__lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the__8__(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__(be)too violent for use at the table. 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__8__(easy)．Don’t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you’ve been，where you are，but also where you __9__(go)．Life is not a race，but a journey to __10__(enjoy) slowly each step of the way.Yesterday is history，tomorrow is a mystery，and today is a gift.That’s wh y we call it—the present.C(2016·福建省五校高中毕业班统一考试)According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools.Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also __1__(express) their great concern about it.Experts hope __2__ whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon，which __3__(call) for our great concern.We should make every effort __4__(prevent) school violence happening at school，for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal __5__(safe) could not be guaranteed.In fact，violence can be learned.__6__(actual)，children learn violence behavior from adults or from __7__ they see on television or on the Internet.If I meet with school violence，I will not answer violence with violence，for it will result in __8__(much) fighting.I will tell my teachers or parents about it.Ithink they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys. 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However，many people do still prefer reading because it has __8__(be) part of their life.It can benefit people in many ways.It gives us information about other countries and places of the world.It __9__ has a strong influence on forming our personality and makes us more intelligent.It’s __10__ too late to start reading.So jump into the wonderful world of books now!E(2016·河南郑州市高三第一次质量预测)Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China，__1__ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾)．Tu Youyou __2__(be) the woman who uses the plant’s special power to save millions of lives.The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution. 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A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They __2__ (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines __3__ the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot __4__(answer) a challenge from the U．S. Department of Defense.The students recently tested the underwater vehicle __5__(call) PerseusⅡ in a 95－meter－long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.The robot costs about $15，000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct __6__(it) movements in the tank. What’s more，devices known as Japters __7__ (able) the robot to go up，down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13－meter－long cable. Perseus Ⅱ also has __8__ set of lasers (激光)，which are used to measure the size of an object.The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students. For over six months，they worked up __9__ 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ.DeLorme supervised the project from __10__(begin) to end. He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.G(2016·安徽省安庆市高三下学期第二次模拟考试)Everyone needs to know how to prevent a fire.It is also important to know what to do when it __1__(break)out.Every year，over 11，000 people __2__(kill)or injured in house fires.These fires could have been avoided.Smokers who are __3__(care)cause about 200 deaths and over 6，000 fires.More than of those __4__ die in fires are poisoned or harmed by smoke. If fire happens，do not attempt to fight the fire unless it is small.Try putting out a small fire with water.If __5__ fire has spread or if the flames are more than 20 inches high，shut the door on it.Warn everyone else in the building and tell them to get out.You should leave and dial 911 for the fire department.Before __6__(go)into a room，check the door.If the handle or the door is hot，do not open it! Instead，put clothing or a wet towel at the bottom of it to keep smoke out.If the door is not hot，open it __7__(slow)．If there is a rush of smoke heat，close it again and shout to warn __8__(other)inside.Now open the window and shout “Fire！”．See whether you can drop safely to the e this __9__ your escape course if you can.If you are not on ground level，break your fall by pushing a mat out first.Lower yourself at arm’s __10__(long) before dropping.Once outside，stay out outside and make sure the fire department is called.H(2016·山东日照市高三第一次模拟考试)For many young people，going to university is one of the most important __1__(stage)of their lives.It is the time when young people will move out of __2__(they)home to live with other people，often strangers.__3__(especial)in the US，people often travel very far __4__ home to study.It is a time to be __5__(independence)．At university，you will __6__(teach)by lectures and professors who are leading figures in their study.The opportunity to learn from and to discuss with them is__7__ drives some people to apply to university.Students are required to choose a major that they wish to study.Apart from the __8__(academy)benefit，life at university also can allow students __9__(develop)their interests in many fields. Therefore，university is a place __10__ you attain knowledge，to develop your values and to accept those who may be different.I(2016·湖北省八校高三第一次联考)China will allow all couples to have two children，__1__(give) up its decades－long one－child policy，the Communist Party of China (CPC) __2__(announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.The change of policy is intended to balance population development and meet the challenge of an aging population，according to a communique (公报) __3__(issue) after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held from Monday to Thursday.The proposal must be approved by the top legislature (立法机关) __4__ it comes into force.China’s family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s __5__(control) the rapid __6__(grow) of the population by limiting most urban couples __7__ one child，and as to rural couples，they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child was a girl.The policy was later relaxed.Parents __8__ were both only children in their family could have __9__ second child.The one－child policy was __10__(far) loosened in November 2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee，and couples are allowed to have two children if one of them is an only child.J(2016·湖北市教科研协作体高三联合考试)Talking is the most effective and satisfying way of communication with others.There are many forms of communication，__1__ include: texting，cell phones，e－mail，and social media.__2__(use) these alternative forms to communicate with others may be faster，__3__ it lacks many qualities that a face－to－face conversation __4__(possess)．Facial expression and body language can __5__(great) affect a conversation.Theycan be used to give a person some information about what the other person __6__(think) and feeling.Facial expression can __7__(apply) to video chatting，but body language can only be found in a face－to－face conversation.Talking in person can have physical __8__(feature)．Giving someone a hug and holding their hand __9__(comfort) them can only be done in person.When you are talking to someone by texting or instant messaging them，physical touch does not exist at all，which can limit the connection __10__ the people in the communication.K(2016·广东广州市高三第一次模拟)Although Socrates (苏格拉底) was poor all his life，he never asked his pupils to pay for their lessons.He taught __1__ the love of wisdom，not for money.And __2__ he had to say was always new and worth hearing.All his pupils loved him.But his unusual ways of teaching and his demand that students always ask questions made him some __3__(danger) enemies.The rulers did not want to be questioned.So they __4__(false) accused Socrates of teaching young men bad things and __5__(lead) them to ignore religion.In fact Socrates was a very religious man.His enemies had him __6__(arrest)，and he was sentenced to death by poisoning. During the 30 days before he was put to death，his friends and pupils __7__(allow) to visit him in his prison.They were astonished to find that __8__ was calm and cheerful.He had no fear of dying.When the deadly poison was finally brought to Socrates，his friends were in __9__(tear)，but Socrates seemed to be the __10__(brave) man in the room.He raised the cup and drank it as if it were a glass of banquet wine.L(2016·湖南东部六校高三联考)One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving.It is __1__(frequent)referred to as Black Friday.The use of the word “black” relates __2__ the business accountants.Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink.So __3__(be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing，a return to profits.Black Friday is the big day for many retailers，and it presents the shopper an。