【优质】英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华
英汉翻译基础教程
英语翻译基础教程总主编：冯庆华主编：冯庆华陈科芳1 “意思”的译法甲：这是一点小意思，请务必收下。
乙：你这个人真是有意思，怎么也来这一套。
甲：哎，只是意思意思，乙：啊，真是不好意思。
译文：A：This is a little gift as a token of my appreci a tion .Please do take it . B：Oh， aren't you a bit too polite ? you should not do that .A: Well ,it just conveys my gratitu de.B: Ah, thank you then ,though i really do not deserve it . 2 “说”（1）阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这毛虫”！《阿Q正传》译文：Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground ,spat ,and swore ,“hairy worm!”(2) “三个臭皮匠，合成个诸葛亮”，这就是说，群众有伟大的创造力。
《毛泽东选集》文: The old saying ,"three cobbler s with their wits combined would equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind ,"simple means the masses have great creativ e power.（3）：也不知安居乐业，最早见于什么典籍，四个字一针见血的点名了生活中的一个因果关系。
译文：I can not say in what canon the words "securein one's home and happy in one's work" first appeare d ,but that express ion cuts to the core of a primary determinant in human life.3 你们偶然看见一颗花生瑟缩的长在地上，不能立刻分辨出它有没有果实，非得等到你接触到它时你才能知道。
汉英翻译基础教程冯庆华专题培训课件
例2. 我们必须坚持社会主义道路，坚持人民民 主专政，坚持共产党的领导，坚持马列主义、 毛泽东思想。
We must adhere to the socialist road, the people’s democratic dictatorship, the Communist Party’s leadership and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.
3、指称意义对应但忽略语言差异
原文
假朋友
农民
Peasant
宣传
Propaganda
物美价廉
Cheap and good
你红光满面。
Your face is very red.
他是个“气管炎”。 He suffers from tracheitis.
正确译文 Farmer Popularize Economical and good You look healthy and energetic. He is a hen-pecked man.
有判断地学，不能盲目的学。
We must learn from foreign experience with an analytical and critical eye, not blindly.
例2. 他走进屋里，大衣上尽是雪，鼻 子冻得通红。
He entere15d the room, his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.
2、字面对应
假朋友 Green bean Living room To have a fit Eat one’s words Tomato sauce Sour milk To have/wear a green bonnet Yellow book High school
汉英翻译基础教程 冯庆华(一)
第三节 减词译法
在汉英两种语言的翻译过程中，为了让 译文更易于接受，对原文结构做些调整 或增减词语是很必要的。减词译法也叫 省略译法，就是在译文中删去原文一些 可有可无的、或已经包含在上下文中的、 不言自明的成分。与词的增补相反，原 文中有些词语从译文的角度来看往往是 多余的，可以甚至必须删去。
课堂练习
1. 就是小孩也能回答这个问题。
2. 这是我们队的队长。 3. 我不能用英语表达思想。 4. 这篇文章浅显易懂。 5. 这本书很受青年人的欢迎。
6. 一点钟开饭。
7. 出去时请随手关门。
8. 中国人民勤劳勇敢。
参考答案
1. Even a child can answer this question. 2. This is the head of our team. 3. I can’t express myself in English. 4. This article is easy to read and understand. 5. The book is very popular among young people. 6. Dinner is/was at one o’clock. 7. Shut the door after/when you go out, please. 8. The Chinese people are industrious and brave.
一、省略表示范畴的词语
治安措施
Security
整顿工作
紧张局势 分配关系 越轨行为 犯罪现象 解决办法 灵活态度
冯庆华《实用翻译教程》(第3版)配套题库(含考研真题)第三章 句法翻译【圣才出品】
第三章句法翻译3.1 换序译法一、将下列词组和句子翻译成汉语，注意语序的调整1. a high red brick wall【译文】一堵红砖高墙2. particles moving around their atomic nucleus【译文】环绕原子核运动的粒子3. a building project of high-rise apartment houses【译文】一个多层公寓大楼的建筑项目4. small and medium-sized countries【译文】中小国家5. quite an attractive triangle green stamp【译文】非常吸引人的一枚绿色的三角邮票6. After spending $1.5 bn so far this year on acquisitions such as , a fast-growing online community, and IGN Entertainment, a games and contentsite, Mr. Murdoch disputed the recent claim by Sir Martin Sorrell, chief executive of WPP, that some traditional media owners were panic buying new media assets. 【译文】迄今为止，默多克先生已花费15亿美元进行收购，如收购快速成长的网络社区，以及游戏和内容网站IGN Entertainment。
默多克先生反驳了WPP首席执行官马丁索雷尔爵士最近的说法：一些传统媒体的所有者在恐慌性收购新媒体资产。
【解析】原句中My ，IGN Entertainment，Martin Sorrell后面都跟有同位语，按照汉语习惯，翻译时应将同位语提前翻译，修饰名词。
7.It’s a bit fishy that he should have given away a mattress like that.【译文】他竟然把那样的床垫送人，这可有点儿叫人怀疑。
(NEW)冯庆华《汉英翻译基础教程》配套题库(含考研真题)
目 录第一章 词法翻译第一节 对等翻译第二节 增词翻译第三节 减词翻译第四节 合并翻译第五节 转性译法第六节 名词的抽象和具体译法第七节 数字和倍数的翻译第八节 成语的英译第九节 修辞格的翻译第二章 句法翻译第一节 换序和转态第二节 断句和合句译法第三节 长句的译法第四节 正说与反说第三章 语篇与翻译第一节 衔接第二节 连贯第四章 文体与翻译第一节 实用文体翻译第二节 文学文体翻译第一章 词法翻译第一节 对等翻译一、翻译下列词组，注意根据搭配选择合适的词义。
1. ①申请书②报告书③协议书④成绩通知书⑤成交确认书⑥白皮书⑦家书【译文】①letter of application②report③agreement④grade report⑤sales confirmation⑥white book⑦a letter from home2. ①病历表②履历表③时间表④日程表⑤价目表【译文】①case history form②resume③timetable④schedule⑤price list3. ①推荐信②证明信③口信【译文】①letter of recommendation②certificate③an oral message4. ①名单②菜单③账单④保险单⑤订阅单⑥收款清单⑦违规通知单【译文】①name list②menu③bill④policy⑤subscription form⑥account note⑦ticket5. ①写作水平②领导水平③生活水平④发展水平⑤工作水平⑥开放水平【译文】①quality of writing②art of leadership③standard of living④level of development⑤work performance⑥degree of openness6. 身体好，学习好，工作好。
【译文】Keep fit, study well and work hard.7. ①经济法制化②经济全球化③社会知识化④国际关系民主化⑤国民经济信息化⑥科研成果产业化【译文】①to manage economic affairs within a framework②economic globalization③to build a knowledge-driven society④the practice of democracy in international relations⑤to build an information-based national economy⑥to apply scientific research results to industrial production8. ①一窝蜜蜂②一窝小鸡③一窝幼犬【译文】①a swarm of bees②a brood of chickens③a litter of pups9. ①一群美女②一群猎狗③一群鸭④一群羚羊【译文】①a bevy of beautiful ladies②a pack of hounds③a team of ducks④a herd of antelopes10. ①积极支持②积极的财政政策③积极利用国外资源【译文】①unfailing support②proactive fiscal policy③make effective use of overseas resources11. ①基本工资②基本建设③基本物质④基本工业⑤基本利益【译文】①basic wage②capital construction③essential commodity④primary industry⑤fundamental interest12. ①大城市②大雨③大志④大人物⑤大道理【译文】①a big city②a heavy rain③a high aim④an important person⑤general principle13. ①老战士②老领导③老师傅④老芹菜【译文】①a veteran②a senior leader③a master craftsman④overgrown celery14. ①打电话②打的③打毛衣④打水⑤打篮球⑥打农药【译文】①to make a phone call②to take a taxi③to knit a woolen sweater④to fetch water⑤to play basketball⑥to spray insecticide15. ①维护统一②维护独立主权③维护国家荣誉④维护国家主权⑤维护人民利益⑥维护自尊⑦维护世界和平与安全【译文】①to uphold unity②to uphold independence and sovereignty③to defend national honor④to defend state sovereignty⑤to safeguard the people’s interests⑥to safeguard self-respect⑦to maintain/ safeguard world peace and security16. ①进行社会主义革命②进行一场激烈的争论③进行实地调查④进行亲切的谈话⑤进行侵略⑥进行协商⑦进行核试验【译文】①to carry out socialist revolution②to carry on a spirited debate③to make an on-the-spot investigation④to have a cordial conversation⑤to commit aggression to hold consultation with⑥to conduct a nuclear test17. 严格训练、严格要求。
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案
汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (6)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (17)第四章动词的翻译 (20)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (22)第六章成语的英译 (25)第七章修辞格的翻译 (32)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (36)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (39)第十章换序和转态译法 (45)笫十一章断句合句译法 (50)笫十二章长句的翻译 (53)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (57)第十五章风格与翻译 (59)第十六章语用与翻译 (64)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案
汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (10)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (14)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (20)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (21)第十章换序和转态译法 (24)笫十一章断句合句译法 (27)笫十二章长句的翻译 (28)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (31)第十五章风格与翻译 (32)第十六章语用与翻译 (34)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
实用翻译教程（英汉互译）第三版冯庆华著翻译期末复习
实用翻译教程（英汉互译）第三版冯庆华著翻译期末复习英汉翻译期末复习1.Phrase Translation1.Look before you leap. 三思而后行。
2. Make hay while the sun shines. 趁热打铁。
3. There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。
4. Ill news travels fast. 恶事传千里。
5. East and west, home is best. 出门一里，不如家里。
6. All is not gold that glitters.7. to take French leave8. to bring down the house9. Dutch courage10. a t one’s fingertips 了如指掌11. fish in troubled water 浑水摸鱼12. kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕；一举两得13. at sixes and sevens 七颠八倒14. s peak one’s mind畅所欲言15. turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻16. all is fish that comes to the net. 拉入栏里就是菜。
17. between the devil and the deep sea 左右为难18. b urn one’s boat破釜沉舟19. fish in the air 水中捞月20.six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两21. castle in the air 空中楼阁22. to add fuel to the fire23.from the cradle to the grave 一生一世24. neither fish nor fowl 不伦不类25. k eep something under one’s hat保密26. eat one’s words 承认自己说了错话27. look for a needle in a bundle of hay 大海捞针28. hang on somebody’s sleeve 依赖某人，任某人做主29. talk through one’s hat 胡言乱语30. call a spade a spade 直言不讳2.Sentence Translation1.The inside of each room depended on the inclination of its occupants. 每个房间内部怎样布2.It was in vain that the old lady asked her if she was aware she was speaking to Miss Pinkerton. 老太太问她明白不明白对她说话的不是别人，是平克顿小姐。
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6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).
二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。
1. Hand in your exercise-books, please.
2. I can't express myself in English.
3. Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.
4. Don't overwork yourself.
2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.
5. I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to express our gratitude to you.
7. turn a deaf ear to
8. burn one's boat
9. turn a blind eye to
10.look for a needle in a bundle of hay
四、用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。
1. Practice makes perfect.
2. More haste, less speed.
2. This state of affairs must be changed.
3. How do matters stand with them?
4. He presents all his books to the library
5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.
8. When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered isn't worth making such a fuss about.”
第二章
第一节对等译法
一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友”
what she's up to.
5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?
6. Anything will do; don't fuss.
7. Our grandma is ill; don't kick up such a shindy.(口语：吵架。争吵，打架)
3. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successfullife and career.
三、用对等译法，翻译下列成语。
1. fish in troubled waters
2. be after one's own heart
3. skin and bones
4. touch and go
5. hit the nail on the head
6. be head and shoulders above others
2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.
3. Goodness knows what they're being so secretive about.
4. She's been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knows
汉英翻译基础教程
第一节翻译中的选义
一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文
1. b 2. a 3. b4. a
二、译出下列词语，注意语的不同搭配
1．a swarm of bees
a brood of chickens
a litter of pups
2. a bevy of beautiful ladies
a pack of hounds
6. The committee consists of 15 members.
7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.
8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict³ömand.
二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。
2. Through clenched teeth he added, ...
3. "She bore me no grudge," replied Xifeng. "It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth with
rage just before she died. "
fetch water
play basketball
spray insecticide
5. basic wage
capital construction
essential commodity
primary industry
fundamental interest
三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解
1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern
4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. "If she's dead," she retorted, "What's
all the fuss about?"
二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。
1. The more you get, the more you want.
3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).
4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely)rare.
4. The Chinese people are industrious and brave.
5. We must have faith in the masses.
6. The compass was invented in China
7. The moon moves around the earth.
8. There is no smoke without fire.
第二节增词译法
一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词
1. Even a child can answer this question.
2. This is the head of our delegation
3. He put the paper aside and turned on the radio.
a team of ducks
a herd of antelopes
3. unfailing support
proactive fiscal policy
make effective use of overseas resources
4. make a phone call
take a taxi
knit a woolen sweater
9. We have consulted him about the matter.
10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now
第二节翻译中的选词
一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
1. That depends upon circumstances.
3. East or west, home is best.
4. All is fish that comes to the net.
5. Everything comes to him who waits
6. The moon is not seen when the sun shines
7. Look before you leap.
9 heavy rain
二、翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友”。
1. Only when they find much n common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. (注意不要把“投机”翻译成speculative)