2017年杨浦区一模试卷
2017年 上海市杨浦区中考一模语文试题及答案及答案
杨浦区初三语文一模试题(满分：150分考试时间：100分钟）[考生注意：本卷共有27题。
请将所有答案写在答卷上，写在试卷上不计分]一、文言文阅读（39分）(一）默写（15分）1. ，一点飞鸿影下。
（《天净沙•秋》）2.僵卧孤村不自哀，。
（《十一月四日风雨大作》）3.望极春愁，。
(《蝶恋花》）4. ，渔人甚异之。
（《桃花源记》）5.呼嘘毒疠，。
（《捕蛇者说》）(二）阅读古诗词，完成6 - 7题（4分）破阵子•为陈同甫赋壮词以寄[宋]辛弃疾醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。
八百里分麾下炙,五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。
马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。
了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名。
可怜白发生！6.“沙场秋点兵”一句中，“秋”字既点明了，又为战士出征增添气氛。
（2分）7.列说法最不正确的一项是（）（2分）A．这首词中“八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声”营造了豪迈高昂的军营生活氛围。
B．这首词中“可怜”一词，使整首词的风格由雄壮变为悲壮，表现作者壮志难酬。
C．这首词描写了吹角、分炙、奏乐、点兵、杀敌等多种军营生活。
D．这首词成功运用了“八百里”“五十弦”“沙场”“的卢”“霹雳”等多个历史典故。
(三）阅读下文，完成8 - 10题（8分)出师表先帝创业未半，而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。
然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。
诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。
宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。
若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。
8.本文作者是时期的。
选文中“先帝”是指。
(3分）9.选文中有些词语已经成为经常使用的成语，请写出两个：和。
（2分）10.请简要概括选文第一段的内容要点。
（3分）（四）阅读下文，完成11 - 14题（12分）杨震1孤贫好学，明欧阳《尚书》，通达博览，诸儒为之语曰：“关西孔子杨伯起。
2017年上海市杨浦区等级考物理一模试卷(含详解)
2017年上海市杨浦区高考物理一模试卷一、选择题I1．关于质点，下列说法中正确的是（）A．质点就是几何点B．质点就是质量很小的点C．质点就是体积很小的点D．质点就是用来代替物体的有质量的点2．关于物体运动的速度和加速度的关系，下列说法正确的是（）A．加速度就是增加的速度B．速度越大，加速度也越大C．速度变化越快，加速度一定越大D．加速度的方向保持不变，速度方向也一定保持不变3．下列说法中，正确的是（）A．有受力物体，就必定有施力物体B．力只能产生在相互接触的物体之间C．施力物体施力在先，受力物体受力在后D．力是一个物体就能产生的，而并不需要其他物体的存在4．简谐运动中反映物体振动强弱的物理量是（）A．周期B．频率C．振幅D．位移5．关于重力，下列说法正确的是（）A．球体的重心一定在球心上B．物体上只有重心处才受到重力作用C．物体向上抛出时受到的重力小于它静止时受到的重力D．同一物体在同一地点，无论运动状态如何，其所受重力都一样大6．关于机械波，下列说法中正确的是（）A．机械波的振幅与波源振动的振幅不相等B．在机械波的传播过程中，离波源越远的质点振动的周期越大C．在波的传播过程中，介质中质点的振动频率等于波源的振动频率D．在波的传播过程中，介质中质点的振动速度等于波的传播速度7．关于电场，下列说法中正确的是（）A．电场并不是客观存在的物质B．描述电场的电场线是客观存在的C．电场对放入其中的电荷有力的作用D．电场对放入其中的电荷没有力的作用8．如图，一圆形金属环与两固定的平行长直导线在同一竖直平面内，环的圆心与两导线距离相等，环的直径小于两导线间距．两导线中通有大小相等、方向向下的恒定电流．以下说法正确的是（）A．金属环向上运动，则环上的感应电流方向为顺时针方向B．金属环向下运动，则环上的感应电流方向为顺时针方向C．金属环向左侧直导线靠近，则环上的感应电流方向为逆时针D．金属环向右侧直导线靠近，则环上的感应电流方向为逆时针9．图示为锥形齿轮的传动示意图，大齿轮带动小齿轮转动，大、小齿轮的角速度大小分别为ω1、ω2，两齿轮边缘处的线速度大小分别为v1、v2，则（）A．ω1＜ω2，v1=v2B．ω1＞ω2，v1=v2C．ω1=ω2，v1＞v2D．ω1=ω2，v1＜v210．锂电池能量密度高、绿色环保．现用充电宝为一手机锂电池（图甲）充电，等效电路如图乙所示，充电宝的输出电压为U，输出电流为I，该锂电池的内阻为r，则（）A．充电宝输出的电功率为UI+I2rB．电能转化为化学能的功率为UIC．锂电池产生的热功率为I2rD．锂电池产生的热功率为11．如图，直线a、b和c、d是处于匀强电场中的两组平行线，M、N、P、Q是它们的交点，四点处的电势分别为φM，φN，φP，φQ，一电子由M点分别到N 点和P点的过程中，电场力所做的负功相等，则（）A．直线a位于某一等势面内，φM＞φQB．直线c位于某一等势面内，φM＞φNC．若电子由M点运动到Q点，电场力做正功D．若电子由P点运动到Q点，电场力做负功12．如图，两个轻环a和b套在位于竖直面内的一段固定圆弧上：一细线穿过两轻环，其两端各系一质量为m的小球，在a和b之间的细线上悬挂一小物块。
2017年上海市杨浦区中考一模英语试题及答案及答案
杨浦区2017 学年度第一学期期末质量调研初三英语练习卷 1Part1 Listening第一部分听力）I. Listening Comprehension （听力理解）: （共30 分）A.Listen and choose the right picture （根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）:（6 分）B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear （根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）: （共8 分）7. A） He went camping. B） He visited campus. C） He stayed at home. D） He did housework.gifts.B) By plane. C) By train.D) By bus.14. A)Several towns were struck by the floods. B)Several people were killed in the floods.C) Nobody got hurt or killed in the floods. D)Many people were homeless after the floods.8. A) Rainy. B) Fine. C) Windy.D). Snowy. 9. A ) Every day. C) Every two days. times a year.10. A) 10yuan. B) 20yuan. D)40dyuan. 11. A) In thesupermarket. airport. C) In the church. office.12. A) The weather. Asia.D)A couple ofC)30yuan.B) At theD) At the postB) SoutheastC) Travel plan.D) Christmas13.A) By taxi. B) Once aweek.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“ T”表示，不符合的用“ F”表示）: （共 6 分）15.Tom went interview and was told to take s test.16.The manager of the big company wanted to email the test result to Tom.17.Tom didn't get the job as an office boy because he didn't have an email.18.With $10 Tom bought 10 kilos of tomatoes and sold them on the streets.19.It took several years for Tom to become one of the biggest food retailers （零售商） in the US.20. The story tells us that modem technology brings great convenience to businessmen.D.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences （听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）: （共10 分）2I.Tim Berners-Lee studied at Oxford University, and while he was there he built his first computer.22.In 1980 he a computer program to organizehis notes.23.He designed a system called HTML that allows people to andput them on a web on the Internet. .24.In 1991, 11 years after his first idea for a program, the World Wide Web .25.Berners-Lee wanted his invention to befor everybody.Part2 Phonetics,Grammar and vocabulary(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)II. Choose the best answer ( 选择最恰当的答案): ( 共20 分) is correct for the underlined word26.I could see he was carrying a gun. Which of the following in the sentence?A) /gu;n/ B) /g n/ C) /g ?n/D)/g ?n/27.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A) Wild animals should not be kept in zoos. B) Add a little more liquid to the sauce.C) I had a burning desire to visit France. D) It ' snot wise for hurt to travel alone.28.The sign says we can park our ear here. It's information signA) a B)an C)the D)/29. A fire had broken out and caused much to the roof. A) death B) accident C) damageD) problem30.The stampede( 踩踏事件) which happened at the Bund area is disaster to hit Shanghaiin recent years.A) bad B) worse C) worstD) the worst31.The war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.A)Long B)The long C)Longer D)The longer32.95% of the passengers say they are satisfied the public transport service.A)in B)for C)to D)with33.I c alled my father and told him about my progress. He sounded really .A) happy B) happily C) happinessD) unhappy34.Even a small portable computer store huge amounts of information.,A) can B) may C) mustD) should35.Would you mind me a small favor?A) do B) doing C) to doD) to doing36.There are no empty seats on this flight, but there are available on the next one.A) few B) a few C)little D) a little37. the government has promised to improve road safety, sharply.A) goes B)wentC) will goD) had gone40.The house was just what 1 wanted, it was the right price. A) or B) but C) D) so41.I d on't believe in letting children whatever they want to do.A) do B) doing C) to do D) to doing 42.The Red Cross is always the first help towhen a disaster happens.A) provide B) providing C) to D) to providinglittle has been achieved so far. A) If B) AlthoughD) Because 38.They in Italy for twelveEngland. A) liveB) were livinglived D) had livedC) Unlessyears before they moved toC) have39. As soon as the sun down, the temperature drops43. exciting program Tint Running Man is! A) What B) What aC) What anD) How44. Here is the package yon ordered. It this morning.A) deliver B) is deliveredD) was delivered45. —— Are you going to buy a car this year?—— The price for a car plate is so high. I'llwait and see,A) Why not? B) Not really.C) Well, I 'll certainly buy one. D) 1couldn't agree with you more.Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrasesin the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once ( 将下列单词或词组填入空格。
2017年杨浦一模试卷(18,24,25)
18、如图，在ABC 中，AB=AC=5BC=6BD AC D ^，，于点，将BCD B 绕点逆时针旋转，旋转角的大小与CAB Ð相等，如果点C D 、旋转后分别落在点E F 、的位置，那么EFD Ð的正切值是_________________
23.已知：如图，在ABC D 中，
点D G 、分别在边AB BC 、上，
A C D =
B A G
C
D 行，与相交于点
（1）求证：2AC =AD AB ×；
（2）若AD
DF
=AC CG ，求证2CG =DF BG ×
24、在直角坐标系中，抛物线2443(0)y ax ax a a =-++<的顶点为D ，它的对称轴与x 轴交点为M ；
（1）求D M 、的坐标
（2）如果该抛物线与y 轴的交点为A ，点P 在抛物线上，且AM DP ，AM=2DP ，求a 的值
25、在直角三角形ABC 中，ACB=90AC=BC=2Ð ，，点P 为边BC 上一动点（不与B C
、重合），点P AC AB 关于直线、的对称点分别为M N 、，联结MN 交AB 于点F ，AC E 交边于点；
（1）如图，当点P 为边BC 的中点时， 求M Ð的正切值
（2）联结FP ，设,.MPF CP x S y D ==求y 关于x 的函数解析式，并写出定义域
（3）联结AM ，当点P 在边BC 上运动时，AEF ABM D
D 和是否一定相似？ 若是，请证明，若不是，请求出AEF ABM D
D 和相似时CP 的长；。
杨浦区2017学年度第一学期高三模拟高质量调研
杨浦区2017学年度第一学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2017. 12 本试卷分为第I卷（第1-11页）和第II卷（第12页）两部分。
全卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。
2. 第I卷（1-20小题，31---70小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第21-30小题，IV. Summary Writing部分和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。
第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a professor's office. B. In a second-hand book shop.C. In a library.D. In a hospital.2. A. 10 yuan. B. 20 yuan.C. 30 yuan.D. 50 yuan.3. A. House agent and customer. B. Shop assistant and customer.C. Car mechanic and car owner.D. Employer and employee.4. A. The man doesn't believe what the woman says.B. The weather report spoils the man's good mood.C. They will cancel the hiking due to the bad weather.D. The man thinks it unnecessary to give up the adventure.5. A. She always talks bad about her colleagues.B. She has a good reputation among her colleagues.C. She is good at handling complicated relationships.D. She has good relations with her colleagues and boss.6. A. Harmony in a community. B. Safety in the neighborhood.C. Preparation for Christmas.D. Ways to save electricity.7. A. Watching advertisements may help ease eyestrain（眼疲劳）.B. It's a great chance to break the habit of watching TV.C. The advertisements are long enough for her to have a nap.D. Focusing eyes on the screen for a long time is harmful to eyes.8. A. The man decides to go home by rail.B. Most people travel by car during the festival.C. Most people arrive beyond the scheduled time.D. The man will have a sound sleep on the bus.9. A. He is not a bit overweight.B. He likes his fitness instructor.C. She has set too many rules for him.D. She should talk with his personal trainer.10. A. Greeks are not allowed to get married before 18.B. Greek kids are not as independent as American kids.C. American parents don’t pay for children's wedding.D. Greek parents will take care of children until they are 18.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The burn is 20 millimeters across.B. The burn is small but very painful.C. The burn takes away the victim's feeling.D. The burn is small but the skin is damaged.12. A. Use a clean plastic bag to keep warm.B. Bind up the burn with bandage or cloth.C. Treat the burned area with cold running water.D. Flush（冲洗）the burn with ice water for several minutes.13. A. To avoid infection. B. To ease pain.C. To speed recovery.D. To reduce stickiness. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A cell phone. B. A leather wallet.C. A mini camera.D. An alarm clock.15. A. The wallet will sound an alarm.B. It will track the thief with GPS system.C. It will contact the bank to block balance.D. Its owner will receive a picture of the thief.16. A. It's out-dated in this digital age.B. It can text messages automatically.C. It is a multifunctional wallet.D. It is unique in appearance and function.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The concert is beyond her curfew(宵禁).B. She can’t go out on school night.C. Her mother is not available.D. She doesn’t like the band.18. A. His parents set a strict rule for him.B. His parents don’t care when he is back.C. He is self-disciplined and trustworthy.D. He envies those who have curfews.19. A. Promoting maturity. B. Giving sense of security.C. Improving sense of responsibility.D. Discouraging independence.20. A. It’s a severe punishment. B. It’s for her good.C. It’s a ridiculous practice.D. It’s an exceptional case.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.It’s interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation (21) ______ appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be (22) ______ (loud) in the world.According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping (发出"哧溜"声) when eating noodles (23) ______ (encourage) in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth (24) ______ enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cool down the noodles. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.It wasn’t until a new expression –“noodle harassment（骚扰）”-- came out last year on social media (25) ______ Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.(26) ______ a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork last month. The fork, which looks like an electric toothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smart phone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork sends asignal to the person’s phone, (27) ______ (make) it play a sound to mask the slurping noise.But is it really necessary? Dining traditions do vary. (28) ______ is considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude in another. In India, people eat with their hands (29) ______ they think in this way they build a connection with the food. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it uncomfortable to get their hands (30) ______ (cover) in oil and bits of food. But this eating method is part of Indian's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own.“So, if your are eating noodles, whether that’s ramen, uudon, or soba, please slurp,” wrote reporter Brian Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, pay them no mind because they're missing the point entirely.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. tissueB. treatedC. potentialD. engineeringE. environmentF. limitedG. procedure H. commercial I. promising J. expanding K. internalScientists have developed a new surgical glue that could transform emergency treatments by sealing up critical wounds in the skin or the organs, without the need for staples or sutures（钉合或缝合）.It’s called MeTro. It was developed by researchers from both Harvard Medical School and the University of Sydney, led by Nasim Annabi, an assistant professor of chemical __31__. The glue is made from a modified （改良的）human protein that responds to UV light, allowing the application and drying of the gel-like substance in just a minute.According to the international team of researchers behind the glue,it could quite literally be a lifesaver, sealing up wounds in 60 seconds without stopping the natural __32__ and relaxing of the organ or the skin it’s applied to. Wounds __33__ with MeTro can heal up in half the time compared with stitches or staples, the researchers claim, and if surgeryis required then MeTro can simplify that __34__ too. It's also one of several ways researchers are exploring to engineer our body's own natural substances to help repair it when needed.The __35__ applications are powerful – from treating serious __36__ wounds at emergency sites such as following car accidents and in war zones, as well as improving hospital surgeries.MeTro is simple to apply, can be easily stored, and works closely with natural __37__ to heal a wound. What’s more, it degrades without leaving any kind of poisonous leftovers in the body.For now the trials are __38__ to animal models. But human trials are in the works, and the results to date are incredibly __39__. If the MeTro can be further developed into a __40__ product, it could become an essential part of a first responder’s toolkit.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Competition is good for businesses. In the world of navigation（导航） systems, however, competition is also a necessity --- it may not be wise to rely on foreign systems for positioning and tracking services. Now, ___41___ remarkable accuracy and reliability, China’s BeiDou system has made its presence felt.The BeiDou project was set up in 1994. The first BeiDou satellite was not launched until 2000. Now, ___42___, there are already more than 20 BeiDou satellites in orbit (轨道) . They form a ___43___ network that provides positioning, navigation and timing services for China and several other Asian countries.This “home-grown" system is now ___44___ a major upgrade. Earlier this month, two BeiDou-3 satellites, the first of China’s most powerful ___45___of navigation satellites, were launched into space. The launch marks the beginning of the global ___46___ of the BeiDou navigation system. Over the next three years, China plans to send up 30 more BeiDou-3 satellites; The expanded navigation system will ___47___ create a network that is able to support military and civilian applications around the world.Scientists involved in the project said the new system would give civilian users an accuracy of 2.5 meters to five meters, overtaking that of the ___48___ positioning technologies. BeiDou’s chief designer said the new satellites would be able to __49___ which lane a car is using on a motorway and __50___ the swing of a building in high winds. It will also be able to guide fire trucks to the nearest water hydrant (消防栓).The Chinese military, meanwhile, will be able to use coded signals for millimeter（毫米）___51___ .China is only the third country in the world to develop a navigation system on its own, after the United States (GPS) and Russia (GLONASS). Developing BeiDou is a necessity. The system __52___ national security by ending a reliance on foreign systems. Moreover, it enhances China’s international reputation for technological ___53___.For most of us, the benefits of the new satellite system will be felt in a couple of years when more phones are ___54___ with BeiDou chips (芯片). Many smartphones today still use GPS and GLONASS. That’ll soon change with the development of BeiDou. One product manager ___55___ mostsmartphones to be able to receive BeiDou signals. He says: “In three years’time, people may still say ‘I’m using GPS’, but in fact, their phone is tune in to BeiDou. ”41. A. dominating B. boasting C. shifting D. inputting42. A. however B. afterwards C. moreover D. therefore43. A. continental B. local C. domestic D. regional44. A. enduring B. encountering C. undergoing D. processing45. A. generation B. information C. examination D. revolution46. A. extension B. expansion C. interaction D. invasion47. A. objectively B. eventually C. sufficiently D. essentially48. A. existing B. progressing C. upcoming D. everlasting49. A. explore B. investigate C. spot D. remind50. A. detect B. prevent C. protect D. adjust51. A. privacy B. accuracy C. fluency D.currency52. A. convinces B. insures C. highlights D. strengthens53. A. innovation B. consumption C. emission D. exhibition54. A. decorated B. furnished C. equipped D. connected55. A. respects B. instructs C. inspects D. expectsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A Swedish power plant is taking reuse and recycle to the next level by burning unusable clothing instead of coal, Bloomberg reports.Retail giant Hennes & Mauritz, more commonly known as H&M, is helping the utility transition away from coal through its moldy (发霉的) or otherwise unsalable clothing.The multi-fuel power and heating station in Västerås, central Sweden, is planning to be completely fossil-fuel free by 2020. It’s thelargest station of its kind and Sweden claims it’s one of Europe’s cleanest. To kick its coal habit, the station is turning instead to other burnable materials including recycled wood, rubbish and yes, clothes.“Our goal is to use only renewable and recycled fuels,” Jens Neren, head of fuel supplies at the utility company which owns and operates the Västerås plant, told Bloomberg.Johanna Dahl, head of communications for H&M in Sweden, told Bloomberg that the company allows only the burning of clothes which are no longer safe to use.“It is our legal obligation to make sure that clothes that contain mold or do not meet the requirements of our strict restriction on chemicals are destroyed,” she said.The Västerås plant has burned around 15 tons of old H&M clothes so far this year, compared with about 400,000 tons of rubbish, Neren told Bloomberg.Sweden has one of the world’s greener energy generating systems, and has invested in bioenergy, solar power and electric buses. In 2015, the Scandinavian country announced an ambitious aim to become one of the first nations in the world to end its dependence on fossil fuels. According to the Swedish government, the country has already heavily reduced its dependence on oil, which accounted for 75% of the energy supply in 1970, and now makes up a 20% share.56. Which of the following can serve as fuel in the Västerås plant?A. Fashionable coats in H&M chain store.B. Old TV sets deserted as rubbish.C. Wooden furniture in second-hand shop.D. H&M clothes unsuitable for sale.57. The underlined word in the last paragraph “generating” is closestin meaning to ______.A. eliminatingB. adjustingC. producingD. circulating58. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Swedish government discourages the development of bioenergy.B. Clothes only take up a small proportion of the burning material.C. Sweden’s fossil-fuel free plan is almost accomplished by now.D. Sweden has an ambition to be the cleanest country in the world.59. What is the main idea of the passage?A. A Swedish power plant is burning unusable H&M clothes for fuel.B. The Swedish government aims high and is taking effective action.C. H&M is looking for a new way to strengthen its position in fashion.D. Coal and oil are no longer regarded as the primary fuels in Sweden.(B)60. Before an adventure, a trekker should ______.A. tell the park officials his destination and time scheduleB. pack up some jungle fruit juice and pre-cooked mealsC. consult a local guide about the most adventurous routeD. have his fitness level assessed at the tourist center61. Which of the following is NOT suitable for a rainforest trekking?A. Long-sleeved cotton shirts.B. Tight sports shorts.C. Hiking boots.D. A wide brimmed hat.62. If a trekker starts out at dawn, he may ______.A. escape being caught in the rainB. sight scared wildlifeC. enjoy the heat of the tropical sunD. see animals seeking food(C)The largest genetic study of mosquitoes has found their ability to resist insecticides is evolving rapidly and spreading across Africa, putting millions of people at higher risk of contracting malaria（疟疾）.British scientists who led the work said mosquitoes' growing resistance to control tools such as insecticide-treated bed nets and insecticide spraying, which have helped cut malaria cases since 2000, now threatens “to disturb malaria control” in Africa.“Our study highlights the severe challenges facing public efforts to control mosquitoes and to manage and limit insecticide resistance,” said Martin Donnelly of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, who worked on the study with a team from Britain’s Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.Latest World Health Organization (WHO) data show that 216 million people were infected last year with the malaria parasite(寄生虫), which is transmitted by blood-sucking Anopheles mosquitoes.The disease killed 445,000 people in 2016, and the majority of them were children in sub-Saharan Africa.To understand how mosquitoes are evolving, the researchers sequenced the DNA of 765 wild Anopheles mosquitoes taken from 15 locations across eight African countries. Their work, published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, created the largest data resource on natural genetic variation for any species of insect.Analyzing the data, the scientists found that the Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes（冈比亚疟蚊）were extremely genetically diverse （多样化的）compared with most other animal species. This high genetic diversity enables rapid evolution, they said, and helps to explain how mosquitoes develop insecticide resistance so quickly.The data also showed the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance appeared to be due to many previously unknown genetic variants（变体）within certain genes. The scientists said these genetic variants for insecticide resistance were not only emerging independently in different parts of Africa, but were also being spread across the continent by mosquito migration.Michael Chew, an expert at Britain’s Wellcome Trust global health charity which helped fund the research, said the finds underlined the importance of pushing scientific research ahead to control malaria.Global efforts to control malaria through effective vaccine, insecticides and the best drug combinations require urgent, united action by scientists, drug companies, governments and the WHO.63. Which of the following is scientists’ headache?A. The number of mosquitoes in Africa is growing rapidly.B. Some genetic variants of mosquitoes are still unknown.C. The existing insecticides aren’t as effective as they used to be.D. Millions of African people have resistance to medicines for malaria.64. Malaria cases can be cut by ______.A. threatening drug companiesB. spraying insecticidesC. limiting blood donationD. transmitting data65. What CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. Children are more likely to be bit by mosquitoes.B. Many previously unknown variants are found in the study.C. The mosquito migration contributes to the spread of variants.D. Anopheles mosquitoes have great genetic diversity.66. Which is FALSE about the genetic study of mosquitoes?A. It created the largest data on natural genetic variation for any insect species.B. It found the possible causes for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance.C. It discovered where the genetic variants emerged and how they were spread.D. It highlighted the public efforts and appealed to limit the use of insecticides.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Imagine you're standing in line to buy an afterschool snack at a store. You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR code with your smartphone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.__________67__________ As technology companies move away from traditional password, biometric（生物识别） security, which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is becoming increasingly popular.In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using one’s fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And since last year, Samsung has featured eye-scanning technology in its top smartphones, while Apple’s new iPhone X can even scan a user’s face.__________68__________ “Biometrics, ideally, are good,”John Michener, a biometric expert, told tech website Inverse. “In practice, not so much.”When introducing the new iPhone’s Face ID feature at Apple’s Keynote Event in September, Phil Schiller, Apple’s senior vice president, said, “__________69__________”But it’s already been done. In a video posted on community website Reddit on Nov 3, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face, Quartz reported. And they aren’t even twins.“We may expect too much from biometrics,” Anil Jain, a computer science professor at Michigan State University, told CBS news. “No security systems are perfect.”Earlier this year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smartphone for police.“It’s good to see biometrics being used more,” Jain told CBS News, “because it adds another factor for security. __________70__________”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s a common sight to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China. Most of them seem to be in a hurry, as they run red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such reckless （鲁莽的）behavior often causes serious problems.In the first half of this year, food delivery drivers had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone, according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau. This means that on average, there is a food delivery worker that gets hurt or even dies on the road in Shanghai every 2.5 days.Other cities also share similar problems. In Nanjing, three people died and 2,473 were injured in road accidents related to food delivery workers in the same period, according to the Ministry of Public Security.The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the growing demand for their service, reported People’s Daily. About 150 million people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has led to a large demand for food delivery workers, with some companies offering high salaries to attract new workers.However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face company fines of 20 yuan for delivering food late and upwards of 200 yuan for receiving complaints, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commission（佣金）they can earn, leading to some workers checking their mobile phones for new orders while they're riding their bikes.While most companies have measures requiring delivery workers to follow traffic rules, “there remains a problem of whether these requirements and rules for delivery workers are truly entering their ears, brains and hearts,” Wang Liang, deputy head of the Traffic Police Security Bureau, told news website The Paper.To solve the problem, some cities have taken action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their workers on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned from driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.第II卷（共40分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.这个比赛旨在鼓励年轻人继承中国文化的传统。
杨浦区2017度第一学期高三模拟质量调研汇编
杨浦区 2017 学年度第一学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷 2017. 12 本试卷分为第 I 卷（第1-11页）和第 II 卷（第 12 页）两部分。
全卷共 12 页。
满分 140 分。
考试时间 120分钟。
考生注意：1． 答第 I 卷前，考生务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。
2. 第 I 卷（1-20 小题，31---70小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡 上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编 号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新 选择。
答案写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I 卷中的第21-30小题，IV. Summary Writing 部分和第 II 卷的试题， 其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域 内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。
第I 卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Theconversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversationand the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decidewhich one is the best answer to the question you have heard.A. In a professor's office.C. In a library. A. 10 yuan.C. 30 yuan. A. House agent and customer. C. Car mechanic and car owner.A. The man doesn't believe what thewoman says.B. The weather report spoils the man's good mood.C. They will cancel the hiking due to the bad weather.D. The man thinks it unnecessary to give up the adventure. A. She always talks bad about her colleagues.B. She has a good reputation among her colleagues.C. She is good at handling complicated relationships.D. She has good relations with her colleagues and boss.A. Harmony in a community.B. Safety in the neighborhood.C. Preparation forChristmas. D. Ways to save electricity.A. Watching advertisements may help eas e yestrain （眼疲劳）B. It's a great chance to break the habit of watching T.VC. The advertisements are long enough for her to have a nap.D. Focusing eyes on the screen for a long time is harmful to eyes. A. The man decides to go home by rail.B. Most people travel by car during the festival.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. B. In a second-hand book shop. D. In a hospital.B. 20 yuan. D. 50 yuan. B. Shop assistant and customer. D. Employer and employee.C. Most people arrive beyond the scheduled time.D. The man will have a sound sleep on the bus.9. A. He is not a bit overweight.B. He likes his fitness instructor.C. She has set too many rules for him.D. She should talk with his personal trainer.10. A. Greeks are not allowed to get married before 18.B. Greek kids are not as independent as American kids.C. American parents don't pay for children's wedding.D. Greek parents will take care of children until they are 18.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The burn is 20 millimeters across.B. The burn is small but very painful.C. The burn takes away the victim's feeling.D. The burn is small but the skin is damaged.12. A. Use a clean plastic bag to keep warm.B. Bind up the burn with bandage or cloth.C. Treat the burned area with cold running water.D. Flush (冲洗)the burn with ice water for several minutes.13. A. To avoid infection. B. To ease pain.C. To speed recovery.D. To reduce stickiness.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A cell phone. B. A leather wallet.C. A mini camera.D. An alarm clock.15. A. The wallet will sound an alarm.B. It will track the thief with GPS system.C. It will contact the bank to block balance.D. Its owner will receive a picture of the thief.16. A. It's out-dated in this digital age.B. It can text messages automatically.C. It is a multifunctional wallet.D. It is unique in appearance and function.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The concert is bey ond hercurfew (宵禁).B. She cantgo out on school ni ght.C. Her mother is not available.D. She doesntlike the band.18. A. His pare nts set a strict rule for him.B. His pare nts dontcare whe n he is back.C. He is self-discipli ned and trustworthy.D. He env ies those who have curfews.19. A. Promoting maturity.C. Impro ving sense of resp on sibility.20. A. It 's a severe puni shme nt.C. It 's a ridiculous practice.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passagescohere nt and grammatically correct. For the bla nks with a give n word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the give n word; for the other bla nks, use one word that bestfits each bla nk.It's interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation (21) ____________appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners, and yet when it comes to eatingno odles, Japa nese people can be (22) _____ (loud) in the world.According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping (发出"哧溜"声)when eatingnoodles (23) ______ (encourage) in Japanese culture. ' believed that taking air intoyour mouth (24) _______ e nhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cooldown the noodles. It's also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish.Sometimes, just making the no ise alone seems to make the no odles more enjoyable.It wasn'tuntil a new expression — noodle harassment (骚扰) ”-came out last yearon social media (25) _________ Japa nese people started to realize that the slurp ingno ise is maki ng some foreig n visitors un comfortable.(26) _____ a response, Japaneseinstant noodle maker Nissin introduced aso-called noise-canceling fork last month. The fork, which looks like an electrictoothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smart phone. When the person using the forkstarts to slurp, the fork sends a signal to the person ' phone, (27) ______ (make) itplay a sound to mask the slurp ing no ise.But is it really necessary? Dining traditions do vary. (28) _____ is considered tobe proper table manners in one country is likely to be see n as rude in ano ther. I n India, people eat with their hands (29) __ they thi nk in this way they build a connectionwith the food. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it uncomfortable to get their hands (30) ________ (cover) in oil and bits of food. But thiseating method is part of Indian's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own.So, if your are eating noodles, whether that's ramen, uudon, or soba, please slurp,”wrote reporter Brian Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. ff anyone gets annoyed while you are B. Giving sense of security. D. Discourag ing in depe ndence. B. It's for her good. D. It 'san excepti onal case.doing that, pay them no mind because they're miss ing the point en tirel y.Section BDirections: Fill in each bla nk with a proper word chose n from the box. Each word can only be used on ce. Note that there is one word more tha n you n eed.A. tissueB. treatedC. potentialD. engineeringE. environmentF. limitedG. procedure H. commercial I. promising J. expanding K. internalScien tists have developed a new surgical glue that could tran sform emerge ncy treatments by sealing up critical wounds in the skin or the organs, without the need for staples or sutures （钉合或缝合）.It ' called MeTro. It was developed by researchers from both Harvard Medical School and the Uni versity of Sydn ey, led by Nasim Ann abi, an assista nt professor of chemical __31__. The glue is made from a modified （改良的）human protein that resp onds to UV light, allow ing the applicati on and drying of the gel-like substa nee in just a mi nute.According to the international team of researchers behind the glue, it could quite literally be a lifesaver, sealing up wounds in 60 seconds without stopping the natural __32__ and relaxing of the organ or the skin it's applied to. Wounds __33__ with MeTro can heal up in half the time compared with stitches or staples, the researchers claim, and if surgery is required then MeTro can simplify that __34__ too. It's also one of several ways researchers are explori ng to engin eer our body's own n atural substa nces to help repair it whe n n eeded.The __35__ applicati ons are powerful -from treati ng serious __36__ wounds at emergency sites such as following car accidents and in war zones, as well as improvi ng hospital surgeries.MeTro is simple to apply, can be easily stored, and works closely with natural __37__ to heal a wound. What's more, it degrades without leaving any kind of pois onous leftovers in the body.For now the trials are __38__ to animal models. But human trials are in the works, and the results to date are in credibly __39__. If the MeTro can be further developed into a __40__ product, it could become an essetial part of a first resp on ders toolkit. 'III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each bla nk with the word or phrase that best fits the con text.Competiti on is good for bus in esses. In the world ofnavigati on （导航） systems, however, competition is also a necessity --- it may not be wise to rely on foreign systems for positioning and tracking services. Now, __________________________ 41 __ remarkable accuracyand reliability, China ' s BeiDou system has made its presenee felt.The BeiDou project was set up in 1994. The first BeiDou satellite was not launched until 2000. Now, _____________________ 42 __ , there are already more than 20 BeiDousatellites in orbit （轨道）.They form a __ 43 __ n etwork that provides positi oning,navigation and timing services for China and several other Asian countries.This “ hom-gerown" system is now ___44___ a major upgrade. Earlier this month, two BeiDou-3 satellites, the first of China 'ms ost powerful ___45___of navigation satellites, were launched into space.The launch marks the beginning of the global ___46___ of the BeiDou navigation system. Overthe next three years, China plans to send up 30 more BeiDou-3 satellites; The expanded navigation system will ___47___ create a network that is able to support military and civilian applications around the world.Scientists involved in the project said the new system would give civilian users an accuracy of 2.5 meters to five meters, overtaking that of the ___48___ positioning technologies. BeiDou's chief designer said the new satellites would be able to __49___ which lane a car is using on a motorway and __50___ the swing of a building in high winds. It will also be able to guide fire trucks to the nearest water hydrant （消防栓）.The Chinese military, meanwhile, will be able to use coded signals for millimeter （毫米）___51___ .China is only the third country in the world to develop a navigation system on its own, after the United States （GPS） and Russia （GLONASS）. Developing BeiDou is a necessity. The system__52___ national security by ending a reliance on foreign systems. Moreover, it enhances China'isnternational reputation for technological ___53___.For most of us, the benefits of the new satellite system will be felt in a couple of years when more phones are ___54___ with BeiDouchips （芯片）. Many smartphones today still use GPS and GLONASS. That 'lsl oon change with the development of BeiDou. One product manager ___55___ most smartphones to be able to receive BeiDou signals. He says: “In three years ' time, people may still say , ‘ I ' m using but in fact, their phone is tune into BeiDou. ”41. A. dominating B. boasting C. shifting D. i nputting42. A. however B. afterwards C. moreover D. t herefore43. A. continental B. local C. domestic D. r egional44. A. enduring B. encountering C. undergoing D. p rocessing45. A. generation B. information C. examination D. r evolution46. A. extension B. expansion C. interaction D. i nvasion47. A. objectively B. eventually C. sufficiently D. essentially48. A. existing B. progressing C. upcoming D. everlasting49. A. explore B. investigate C. spot D. r emind50. A. detect B. prevent C. protect D. adjust51. A. privacy B. accuracy C. fluency D. c urrency52. A. convinces B. insures C. highlights D. strengthens53. A. innovation B. consumption C. emission D. e xhibition54. A. decorated B. furnished C. equipped D. c onnected55. A. respects B. instructs C. inspects D. e xpectsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage isfollowed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A Swedish power pla nt is tak ing reuse and recycle to the n ext level by bur ning unu sable clothi ng in stead of coal, Bloomberg reports.Retail giant Hennes & Mauritz, more commonly known as H&M, is helping the utility transition away from coal through its moldy (发霉的)or otherwise unsalable clothi ng.The multi-fuel power and heating station in V?ster$, central Sweden, is planning to be completelyfossil- fuel free by 2020. It ' s the largest station of its kindand Sweden claims it ' s one of Europe ' s cleanest. To kick its coal habit,ithe station turning in stead to other burn able materials in cludi ng recycled wood, rubbish and yes, clothes.“ Our goal is to use only renewable and recycled fuels, ” Jens Neren, head of fuesupplies at the utility company which owns and operates the V?ster? plant, told Bloomberg.Joha nna Dahl, head of com muni cati ons for H&M in Swede n, told Bloomberg that the compa ny allows only the bur ning of clothes which are no Ion ger safe to use.“ is our legal obligati on to make sure that clothes that contain mold or do not meet the requirements ofour strict restriction on chemicals are destroyed, ” she said.The V?ster?s plant has burned around 15 tons of old H&M clothes so far this year, compared with about 400,000 tons of rubbish, Neren told Bloomberg.Sweden has one of the world ' greener energy generating systems, and has in vested in bioe nergy, solar power and electric buses. In 2015, the Scandin avia n country announced an ambitious aim to become one of the first nations in the world to end its depe ndence on fossil fuels. Accord ing to the Swedish gover nment, the country has already heavily reduced its depe ndence on oil, which acco un ted for 75% of the en ergy supply in 1970, and now makes up a 20% share.56. Which of the following can serve as fuel in the V?ster? plant?A. Fashi on able coats in H&M cha in store.B. Old TV sets deserted as rubbish.C. Woode n fur niture in sec on d-ha nd shop.D. H&M clothes un suitable for sale.57. The un derl ined word in the last paragraph gen erat in g” is closest in meaning toA. elim in ati ngB. adjusti ngC. produc ingD. circulati ng58. What can we lear n from the passage?A. The Swedish gover nment discourages the developme nt of bioe nergy.B. Clothes only take up a small proporti on of the burning material.C. Swedensfossil-fuel free pla n is almost accomplished by now.D. Swede n has an ambiti on to be the clea nest country in the world.59. What is the main idea of the passage?A. A Swedish power plant is burning unusable H&M clothes for fuel.B. The Swedish gover nment aims high and is tak ing effective action.C. H&M is looking for a new way to strengthen its position in fashion.D. Coal and oil are no Ion ger regarded as the primary fuels in Swede n.(B)RAINFOREST ADVENTURE TIPS1. Find out about the trail and surro undin gs, be sure that youhave eno ugh time to complete the en tire route beforedarkness falls. Do not stray off the path to chase after animals.2. Use good judgme nt regard ing the fitn ess level required forthe trek (徒步跋涉)，and know your physical limits.3. Always inform the park officials or let some one know of yourpla ns and dest in ati on for the day, especially if going alone.4. Take ple nty of water and pack a few easy to eat sn acks tokeep en ergy level up. Un less trekk ing with a local guide, itis not advisable to eat jungle fruit or drink from any watersource.5. Be as quiet as possible to avoid scaring any wildlife. Gettingan early start during the dawn provides the best chanee tosight animals seeking food and the warmth of the earlymorning sun.6. Wear thin, I oose, preferably cott on cloth ing to rema incomfortable.7. Cover arms and legs with long trousers and Iong-sleevedshirts to ward off mosquitoes and to provide protect ion against thor ny pla nts.8. Be prepared for sudden rain showers by carrying a ponchothat wraps over both body and your carrying pack to keepeverythi ng dry.9. Choose footwear with proper an kle support and good traction., 10. A wide brimmed hat helps to shade a trekker from the\ heat of the tropical sun.60. Before an adventure, a trekker should _____ .A. tell the park officials his destination and time scheduleB. pack up some jungle fruit juice and pre-cooked mealsC. consult a local guide about the most adventurous routeD. have his fitness level assessed at the tourist center61. Which of the following is NOT suitable for a rainforest trekking?A. Long-sleeved cotton shirts.B. Tight sports shorts.C. Hiking boots.D. A wide brimmed hat.62. If a trekker starts out at dawn, he may _____ .A. escape being caught in the rainB. sight scared wildlifeC. enjoy the heat of the tropical sunD. see animals seeking food（C）The largest genetic study of mosquitoes has found their ability to resist insecticides is evolving rapidly and spreading across Africa, putting millions of people at higher risk of contractingmalaria （疟疾）.British scientists who led the work said mosquitoes' growing resistance to control tools such as insecticide-treated bed nets and insecticide spraying, which have helped cut malaria cases since 2000, now threaten“sto disturb malaria control”in Africa.“ Ousr tudy highlights the severe challenges facing public efforts to control mosquitoes and to manage and limit insecticideresistance, sa”id Martin Donnelly of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, who worked on the study with a team from Britain 's Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.Latest World Health Organization （WHO） data show that 216 million people were infected last year with the malaria parasite （寄生虫）, which is transmitted by blood-sucking Anopheles mosquitoes.The disease killed 445,000 people in 2016, and the majority of them were children in sub-Saharan Africa.To understand how mosquitoes are evolving, the researchers sequenced the DNA of 765 wild Anopheles mosquitoes taken from 15 locations across eight African countries. Their work, published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, created the largest data resource on natural genetic variation for any species of insect.Analyzing the data, the scientists found that the Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes （冈比亚疟蚊）were extremely geneticallydiverse （多样化的）compared with most other animal species.This high genetic diversity enables rapid evolution, they said, and helps to explain how mosquitoes develop insecticide resistance so quickly.The data also showed the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance appeared to be due to many previously unknown genetic variants （变体）within certain genes. The scientists said these genetic variants for insecticide resistance were not only emerging independently in different parts of Africa, but were also being spread across the continent by mosquito migration.Michael Chew, an expert at Britain's Wellcome Trust global health charity which helped fund the research, said the finds underlined the importance of pushing scientific research ahead to control malaria.Global efforts to con trol malaria through effective vacc ine, in secticides and the best drug comb in ati ons require urge nt, un ited action by scie ntists, drug compa ni es, gover nments and the WHO.63. Which of the following is scientists' headache?A. The nu mber of mosquitoes in Africa is grow ing rapidly.B. Some genetic variants of mosquitoes are still unknown.C. The existing insecticides arentas effective as they used to be.D. Millions of African people have resistance to medicines for malaria.64. Malaria cases can be cut by ______ .A. threate ning drug compa niesB. spray ing in secticidesC. limiti ng blood don ati onD. tran smitti ng data65. What CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. Childre n are more likely to be bit by mosquitoes.B. Many previously unknown variants are found in the study.C. The mosquito migrati on con tributes to the spread of varia nts.D. An opheles mosquitoes have great gen etic diversity.66. Which is FALSE about the gen etic study of mosquitoes?A. It created the largest data on n atural gen etic variatio n for any in sect species.B. It found the possible causes for the rapid evolutio n of in secticide resista nce.C. It discovered where the genetic variants emerged and how they were spread.D. It highlighted the public efforts and appealed to limit the use of insecticides.Section CDirections: Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence give n in the box. Each sentence can be used only on ce. Note that there are two more senten ces tha n you n eed.A. But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure aswe'd imagi ned.B. Security experts don 'tthi nk it absolutely n ecessary to use biometricC. But using multiple security measures is the best defe nse.D. Now, this type of tech no logy might not be far away.E. If a person ' s biometric information is stolen, that could have extremely serious conseque nces for that in dividualF. The chance that a random person could look at your iPhone X and uniock it with hisface is about one in a million.Imagi ne you're sta nding in line to buy an afterschool sn ack at a store. You step up to the coun ter and the cashier sca ns your food. Next, you have to pay. But in stead of sca nning a QR code with your smartph one, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even yourear._________ 67 _________ As tech no logy compa nies move away from traditional password, biometric （生物识别）security, which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is beco ming in creas in gly popular.In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using one s fingerprint to uniock a phone and make mobile payme nts has become com mon place, bringing convenience to our lives. And since last year, Sams ung has featured eye-sca nning tech no logy in its top smartph ones, while Apple' s new iPhone X can even scan a users face._________ 68 _________ Biometrics, ideally, are good,” John Michener, a biometric expert, told tech website Inv erse. In practice, not so much”When in troduci ng the new iPh one s Face ID feature at Apple s Keynote Eve nt in September, Phil Schiller, Apple' s senior vice preside nt, said,But it' s already been done. In a video posted on community website Reddit on Nov 3, two brothers showed how they were each able to uni ock the same iPho ne X using their own face, Quartz reported. And they aren t even twins.We may expect too much from biometrics,” Anil Jain, a computer scienee professor at Michigan State University, told CBS news. No security systems are perfect.”Earlier this year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbpri nt, she was able to uni ock a dead pers on's smartpho ne for police.ft' s good to see biometrics being used more,Jain told CBS News, because itadds ano ther factor for security. _________ 70 _______ ”_IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main poin t （s） of the passage in no more tha n 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It' s a com mon sight to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes throughbig cities in China. Most of them seem to be in a hurry, as they run red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such reckless （鲁莽的）behavior often causes serious problems.In the first half of this year, food delivery drivers had 76 traffic accidents inShanghai alone, according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau. This means that on average, there is a food delivery worker that gets hurt or eve n dies on the road in Shan ghai every 2.5 days.Other cities also share similar problems. In Nanjing, three people died and 2,473 were injured in road accidents related to food delivery workers in the same period, according to the Ministry of Public Security.The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the grow ing dema nd for their service, reported People' s Daily. About 150 millio n people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has led to a large dema nd for food delivery workers, with some compa nies offeri ng high salaries to attract new workers.However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face compa ny fines of 20 yua n for deliveri ng food late and upwards of 200 yua n for recei ving compla in ts, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commissi on (佣金)they can earn, leadi ng to some workers check ing their mobile phones for new orders while they're riding their bikes.While most compa nies have measures requiri ng delivery workers to follow traffic rules, (here remains a problem of whether these requirements and rules for delivery workers are truly entering their ears, brains and hearts, Wang Liang, deputy head of the Traffic Police Security Bureau, told n ews website The Paper.To solve the problem, some cities have taken action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their workers on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen,if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned from driv ing food delivery vehicles for a whole year.第II 卷（共40 分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这个比赛旨在鼓励年轻人继承中国文化的传统。
2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷带解析【精品】
第1页（共17页）页）2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷一、填空题（本大题满分54分）共12小题，1-6题每题4分，7-12题每题5分 1．（4分）若“a ＞b ”，则“a 3＞b 3”是命题（填：真、假） 2．（4分）已知A ＝（﹣∞，0]，B ＝（a ，+∞），若A ∪B ＝R ，则a 的取值范围是 ．3．（4分）z +2＝9+4i （i 为虚数单位），则|z |＝ ．4．（4分）若△ABC 中，a +b ＝4，∠C ＝30°，则△ABC 面积的最大值是 ．5．（4分）若函数f （x ）＝log 2的反函数的图象经过点（﹣2，3），则a ＝ ． 6．（4分）过半径为2的球O 表面上一点A 作球O 的截面，若OA 与该截面所成的角是60°，则该截面的面积是 ．7．（5分）抛掷一枚均匀的骰子（刻有1，2，3，4，5，6）三次，得到的数字依次记作a ，b ，c ，则a +bi （i 为虚数单位）是方程x 2﹣2x +c ＝0的根的概率是 ．8．（5分）设常数a ＞0，（x +）9展开式中x 6的系数为4，则（a +a 2+…+a n）＝ ．9．（5分）已知直线l 经过点且方向向量为（2，﹣1），则原点O 到直线l 的距离为 ．10．（5分）若双曲线的一条渐近线为x +2y ＝0，且双曲线与抛物线y ＝x 2的准线仅有一个公共点，则此双曲线的标准方程为 ．11．（5分）平面直角坐标系中，给出点A （1，0），B （4，0），若直线x +my ﹣1＝0存在点P ，使得|P A |＝2|PB |，则实数m 的取值范围是 ． 12．（5分）函数y ＝f （x ）是最小正周期为4的偶函数，且在x ∈[﹣2，0]时，f （x ）＝2x +1，若存在x 1，x 2，…x n 满足0≤x 1＜x 2＜…＜x n ，且|f （x 1）﹣f （x 2）|+|f （x 2）﹣f （x 1）|+…+|f （xn ﹣1﹣f （x n ））|＝2016，则n +x n的最小值为 ．二、选择题（本大题共4题，满分20分）13．（5分）若与﹣都是非零向量，则“•＝•”是“⊥（﹣）”的（ ）A ．充分但非必要条件B ．必要但非充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既非充分也非必要条件14．（5分）行列式中，元素7的代数余子式的值为（ ） A ．﹣15B ．﹣3C ．3D ．1215．（5分）一个公司有8名员工，其中6名员工的月工资分别为5200，5300，5500，6100，6500，6600，另两名员工数据不清楚，那么8位员工月工资的中位数不可能是（ ） A ．5800 B ．6000C ．6200D ．640016．（5分）若直线+＝1通过点P （cos θ，sin θ），则下列不等式正确的是（ ） A ．a 2+b 2≤1 B ．a 2+b 2≥1C ．+≤1D ．+≥1三、解答题（满分76分）共5题17．（14分）某柱体实心铜制零件的截面边长是长度为55毫米线段AB 和88毫米的线段AC 以及圆心为P ，半径为PB 的一段圆弧BC 构成，其中∠BAC ＝60°．（1）求半径PB 的长度；（2）现知该零件的厚度为3毫米，毫米，试求该零件的重量试求该零件的重量试求该零件的重量（每（每1个立方厘米铜重8.9克，按四舍五入精确到0.1克）．V 柱＝S 底•h ．18．（14分）如图所示，l 1，l 2是互相垂直的异面直线，MN 是它们的公垂线段，点A ，B 在直线l 1上，且位于M 点的两侧，C 在l 2上，AM ＝BM ＝NM ＝CN （1）求证：异面直线AC 与BN 垂直；（2）若四面体ABCN 的体积V ABCN ＝9，求异面直线l 1，l 2之间的距离．19．（14分）如图所示，椭圆C：+y2＝1，左右焦点分别记作F1，F2，过F1，F2分别作直线l1，l2交椭圆AB，CD，且l1∥l2．（1）当直线l 1的斜率k1与直线BC的斜率k2都存在时，求证：k1•k2为定值；（2）求四边形ABCD面积的最大值．20．（14分）数列{a n}，定义{△a n}为数列{a n}的一阶差分数列，其中△a n＝a n+1﹣a n（n∈N*）（1）若a n＝n2﹣n，试判断{△a n}是否是等差数列，并说明理由；（2）若a1＝1，△a n﹣a n＝2n，求数列{a n}的通项公式；（3）对（b）中的数列{a n}，是否存在等差数列{b n}，使得b1C+b2C+…+b n C ＝a n，对一切n∈N*都成立，若存在，求出数列{b n}的通项公式，若不存在，请说明理由．21．（20分）对于函数f（x）（x∈D），若存在正常数T，使得对任意的x∈D，都有f（x+T）≥f（x）成立，我们称函数f（x）为“T同比不减函数”．（1）求证：对任意正常数T，f（x）＝x2都不是“T同比不减函数”；（2）若函数f（x）＝kx+sin x是“同比不减函数”，求k的取值范围； （3）是否存在正常数T，使得函数f（x）＝x+|x﹣1|﹣|x+1|为“T同比不减函数”；若存在，求T的取值范围；若不存在，请说明理由．2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题（本大题满分54分）共12小题，1-6题每题4分，7-12题每题5分 1．（4分）若“a＞b”，则“a3＞b3”是 真 命题（填：真、假）【解答】解：函数f（x）＝x3在R是单调增函数，∴当a＞b，一定有a3＞b3，故是真命题答案为：真．2．（4分）已知A＝（﹣∞，0]，B＝（a，+∞），若A∪B＝R，则a的取值范围是 a≤0． ．【解答】解：若A∪B＝R，A＝（﹣∞，0]，B＝（a，+∞），必有a≤0；故答案为：a≤0．3．（4分）z+2＝9+4i（i为虚数单位），则|z|＝ 5 ．【解答】解：设z＝x+yi（x，y∈R），∵z+2＝9+4i，∴x+yi+2（x﹣yi）＝9+4i，化为：3x﹣yi＝9+4i，∴3x＝9，﹣y＝4，解得x＝3，y＝﹣4．∴|z|＝＝5．故答案为：5．4．（4分）若△ABC中，a+b＝4，∠C＝30°，则△ABC面积的最大值是 1 ． 【解答】解：在△ABC中，∵C＝30°，a+b＝4，∴△ABC的面积S＝ab•sin C＝ab•sin30°＝ab≤×（）2＝×4＝1，当且仅当a＝b＝2时取等号，故答案为：1．5．（4分）若函数f（x）＝log2的反函数的图象经过点（﹣2，3），则a＝ 2 ． 【解答】解：∵函数f（x）＝log2的反函数的图象经过点（﹣2，3），∴函数f（x）＝log2的图象经过点（3，﹣2），∴﹣2＝log2，∴a＝2，故答案为2．6．（4分）过半径为2的球O表面上一点A作球O的截面，若OA与该截面所成的角是60°，则该截面的面积是 π ．【解答】解：设截面的圆心为Q，由题意得：∠OAQ＝60°，QA＝1，∴S＝π•12＝π．答案：π．7．（5分）抛掷一枚均匀的骰子（刻有1，2，3，4，5，6）三次，得到的数字依次记作a，b，c，则a+bi（i为虚数单位）是方程x2﹣2x+c＝0的根的概率是．【解答】解：抛掷一枚均匀的骰子（刻有1，2，3，4，5，6）三次，得到的数字依次记作a，b，c，基本事件总数n＝6×6×6＝216，∵a+bi（i为虚数单位）是方程x2﹣2x+c＝0的根，∴（a+bi）2﹣2（a+bi）+c＝0，即，∴a＝1，c＝b2+1，∴a+bi（i为虚数单位）是方程x2﹣2x+c＝0的根包含的基本事件为：（1，1，2），（1，2，5），∴a+bi（i为虚数单位）是方程x2﹣2x+c＝0的根的概率是p＝．故答案为：．8．（5分）设常数a＞0，（x+）9展开式中x6的系数为4，则（a+a2+…+a n）＝ ．【解答】解：∵常数a＞0，（x+）9展开式中x6的系数为4，∴＝，当时，r ＝2，∴＝4，解得a ＝，∴a +a 2+…+a n ＝＝＝（1﹣），∴（a +a 2+…+a n ）＝＝．故答案为：．9．（5分）已知直线l 经过点且方向向量为（2，﹣1），则原点O 到直线l 的距离为 1 ．【解答】解：直线的方向向量为（2，﹣1），所以直线的斜率为：﹣，直线方程为：x +2y +＝0，由点到直线的距离可知：＝1；故答案为：1．10．（5分）若双曲线的一条渐近线为x +2y ＝0，且双曲线与抛物线y ＝x 2的准线仅有一个公共点，则此双曲线的标准方程为．【解答】解：抛物线y ＝x 2的准线：y ＝﹣，双曲线与抛物线y ＝x 2的准线仅有一个公共点，可得双曲线实半轴长为a ＝，焦点在y 轴上．双曲线的一条渐近线为x +2y ＝0，∴＝， 可得b ＝，则此双曲线的标准方程为：．故答案为：．11．（5分）平面直角坐标系中，给出点A （1，0），B （4，0），若直线x +my ﹣1＝0存在点P ，使得|P A |＝2|PB |，则实数m 的取值范围是 m ≥或m ≤﹣．【解答】解：设P （1﹣my ，y ）， ∵|P A |＝2|PB |， ∴|P A |2＝4|PB |2，∴（1﹣my ﹣1）2+y 2＝4（1﹣my ﹣4）2+y 2， 化简得（m 2+1）y 2+8my +12＝0则△＝64m 2﹣48m 2﹣48≥0， 解得m ≥或m ≤﹣， 即实数m 的取值范围是m ≥或m ≤﹣．故答案为：m ≥或m ≤﹣．12．（5分）函数y ＝f （x ）是最小正周期为4的偶函数，且在x ∈[﹣2，0]时，f （x ）＝2x +1，若存在x 1，x 2，…x n 满足0≤x 1＜x 2＜…＜x n ，且|f （x 1）﹣f （x 2）|+|f （x 2）﹣f （x 1）|+…+|f （x n ﹣1﹣f （x n ））|＝2016，则n +x n 的最小值为 1513 ． 【解答】解：∵函数y ＝f （x ）是最小正周期为4的偶函数，且在x ∈[﹣2，0]时，f （x ）＝2x +1，∴函数的值域为[﹣3，1]，对任意x i ，x j （i ，j ＝1，2，3，…，m ），都有|f （x i ）﹣f （x j ）|≤f （x ）max ﹣f （x ）min ＝4，要使n +x n 取得最小值，尽可能多让x i （i ＝1，2，3，…，m ）取得最高点，且f （0）＝1，f （2）＝﹣3，∵0≤x 1＜x 2＜…＜x m ，|f （x 1）﹣f （x 2）|+|f （x 2）﹣f （x 3）|+…+|f （x n ﹣1）﹣f （x n ）|＝2016， ∴n 的最小值为，相应的x n 最小值为1008，则n +x n 的最小值为1513．故答案为：1513．二、选择题（本大题共4题，满分20分）13．（5分）若与﹣都是非零向量，则“•＝•”是“⊥（﹣）”的（ ）A ．充分但非必要条件B ．必要但非充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既非充分也非必要条件【解答】解：“•＝•”⇔“•﹣•＝0”⇔“•（﹣）＝0”⇔“⊥（﹣）”，故“•＝•”是“⊥（﹣）”的充要条件， 故选：C ． 14．（5分）行列式中，元素7的代数余子式的值为（ ） A ．﹣15B ．﹣3C ．3D ．12【解答】解：∵行列式，∴元素7的代数余子式为： D 13＝（﹣1）4＝2×6﹣5×3＝﹣3．故选：B ．15．（5分）一个公司有8名员工，其中6名员工的月工资分别为5200，5300，5500，6100，6500，6600，另两名员工数据不清楚，那么8位员工月工资的中位数不可能是（ ） A ．5800B ．6000C ．6200D ．6400【解答】解：∵一个公司有8名员工，其中6名员工的月工资分别为5200，5300，5500，6100，6500，6600，∴当另外两名员工的工资都小于5300时，中位数为＝5400， 当另外两名员工的工资都大于6500时，中位数为＝6300，∴8位员工月工资的中位数的取值区间为[5400，6300]， ∴8位员工月工资的中位数不可能是6400． 故选：D ．16．（5分）若直线+＝1通过点P （cos θ，sin θ），则下列不等式正确的是（ ）A ．a 2+b 2≤1 B ．a 2+b 2≥1 C ．+≤1D ．+≥1【解答】解：直线+＝1通过点P （cos θ，sin θ）， ∴b cos θ+a sin θ＝ab ， ∴sin （θ+φ）＝ab ，其中tan φ＝， ∴≥ab ，∴a 2+b 2≥a 2b 2， ∴+≥1，故选：D ．三、解答题（满分76分）共5题 17．（14分）某柱体实心铜制零件的截面边长是长度为55毫米线段AB 和88毫米的线段AC 以及圆心为P ，半径为PB 的一段圆弧BC 构成，其中∠BAC ＝60°．（1）求半径PB 的长度；（2）现知该零件的厚度为3毫米，毫米，试求该零件的重量试求该零件的重量试求该零件的重量（每（每1个立方厘米铜重8.9克，按四舍五入精确到0.1克）．V 柱＝S 底•h ．【解答】解：（1）∵AB ＝55，AC ＝88，BP ＝R ，∠BAC ＝60°．AP ＝88﹣R ， ∴在△ABP 中，由余弦定理可得：BP 2＝AB 2+AP 2﹣2AB •AP •cos ∠BAC ，可得：R 2＝552+（88﹣R ）2﹣2×55×（88﹣R ）×cos60°， ∴解得：R ＝49mm ．（2）在△ABP 中，AP ＝88﹣49＝39mm ，AB ＝55，BP ＝49， cos ∠BP A ＝＝≈0.2347， ∴sin ∠BP A ≈0.972． ∴∠BP A ＝arcsin0.972．V柱＝S底•h＝（S△ABP+S扇形BPC）•h＝（+）•3该零件的重量＝（+）•3÷1000×8.9≈82.7．18．（14分）如图所示，l1，l2是互相垂直的异面直线，MN是它们的公垂线段，点A，B在直线l1上，且位于M点的两侧，C在l2上，AM＝BM＝NM＝CN （1）求证：异面直线AC与BN垂直；（2）若四面体ABCN的体积V ABCN＝9，求异面直线l1，l2之间的距离．【解答】解：（1）证明：由已知l2⊥MN，l2⊥l1，MN∩l1＝M，可得l2⊥平面ABN． 由已知MN⊥l1，AM＝MB＝MN，可知AN＝NB且AN⊥NB．又AN为AC在平面ABN内的射影．∴AC⊥NB（2）∵AM＝BM＝NM＝CN，MN是它们的公垂线段，就是异面直线l1，l2之间的距离，由中垂线的性质可得AN＝BN，四面体ABCN的体积V ABCN＝9，可得：V ABCN＝9＝＝MN3，∴MN＝3．异面直线l1，l2之间的距离为3．19．（14分）如图所示，椭圆C：+y2＝1，左右焦点分别记作F1，F2，过F1，F2分别作直线l1，l2交椭圆AB，CD，且l1∥l2．（1）当直线l 1的斜率k1与直线BC的斜率k2都存在时，求证：k1•k2为定值；（2）求四边形ABCD面积的最大值．【解答】（1）证明：由椭圆C：+y2＝1，得a2＝4，b2＝1，∴．设k1＝k，则AB所在直线方程为y＝kx+，CD所在直线方程为y＝kx﹣， 联立，得（1+4k2）x2+8k2x+12k2﹣4＝0．解得，不妨取，则 同理求得，．则＝＝，则k1•k2＝；（2）解：由（1）知，，|AB|＝＝＝．AB、CD的距离d＝，∴＝．令1+4k2＝t（t≥1），则，∴当t＝3时，S max＝4．20．（14分）数列{a n}，定义{△a n}为数列{a n}的一阶差分数列，其中△a n＝a n+1﹣a n（n∈N*）（1）若a n＝n2﹣n，试判断{△a n}是否是等差数列，并说明理由；（2）若a1＝1，△a n﹣a n＝2n，求数列{a n}的通项公式；（3）对（b）中的数列{a n}，是否存在等差数列{b n}，使得b1C+b2C+…+b n C ＝a n，对一切n∈N*都成立，若存在，求出数列{b n}的通项公式，若不存在，请说明理由．【解答】解：（1）若a n＝n2﹣n，试判断{△a n}是等差数列，理由如下：∵a n＝n2﹣n，∴△a n＝a n+1﹣a n＝（n+1）2﹣（n+1）﹣（n2﹣n）＝2n，∵△a n+1﹣△a n＝2，且△a1＝4，∴{△a n}是首项为4，公差为2的等差数列；（2）∵△a n﹣a n＝2n．△a n＝a n+1﹣a n，∴a n+1﹣2a n＝2n，∴﹣＝，（6分）∴数列{}构成以为首项，为公差的等差数列，即＝⇒a n＝n•2n﹣1；（3）b1∁n1+b2∁n2+…+b n∁n n＝a n，即b1∁n1+b2∁n2+…+b n∁n n＝n•2n﹣1，∵1∁n1+2∁n2+3∁n3+…+n∁n n＝n（C n﹣10+C n﹣11+C n﹣12+…+C n﹣1n﹣1）＝n•2n﹣1，∴存在等差数列{b n}，b n＝n，使得b1∁n1+b2∁n2+…+b n∁n n＝a n对一切自然n∈N都成立．21．（20分）对于函数f（x）（x∈D），若存在正常数T，使得对任意的x∈D，都有f（x+T）≥f（x）成立，我们称函数f（x）为“T同比不减函数”．（1）求证：对任意正常数T，f（x）＝x2都不是“T同比不减函数”；（2）若函数f（x）＝kx+sin x是“同比不减函数”，求k的取值范围； （3）是否存在正常数T，使得函数f（x）＝x+|x﹣1|﹣|x+1|为“T同比不减函数”；若存在，求T的取值范围；若不存在，请说明理由．【解答】解：（1）∵f（x）＝x2，∴f（x+T）﹣f（x）＝（x+T）2﹣x2＝2xT+T2＝T（2x+T），由于2x+T与0的小无法比较，∴f（x+T）≥f（x）不一定成立，∴对任意正常数T，f（x）＝x2都不是“T同比不减函数，（2）∵函数f（x）＝kx+sin x是“同比不减函数，∴f（x+）﹣f（x）＝k（x+）+sin（x+）﹣kx﹣sin x＝+cos x﹣sin x＝﹣sin（x﹣）≥0恒成立，∴k≥sin（x﹣），∵﹣1≤sin（x﹣）≤1，∴k≥，（3）f（x）＝x+|x﹣1|﹣|x+1|图象如图所示，由图象可知，只要把图象向左至少平移4个单位，即对任意的x∈D，都有f（x+T）≥f（x）成立，∴T≥4．赠送—高中数学知识点【2.1.1】指数与指数幂的运算 （1）根式的概念）根式的概念①如果,,,1nx a a R x R n =ÎÎ>，且n N +Î，那么x 叫做a 的n 次方根．当n 是奇数时，a 的n 次方根用符号n a 表示；当n 是偶数时，正数a 的正的n 次方根用符号n a 表示，负的n 次方根用符号n a -表示；表示；00的n 次方根是0；负数a 没有n 次方根．次方根．②式子n a 叫做根式，这里n 叫做根指数，a 叫做被开方数．当n 为奇数时，a 为任意实数；当n 为偶数时，0a ³．③根式的性质：()nna a =；当n 为奇数时，nna a =；当n 为偶数时，(0)|| (0)nn a a a a a a ³ì==í-<î． （2）分数指数幂的概念）分数指数幂的概念①正数的正分数指数幂的意义是：(0,,,m nmna a a m n N +=>Î且1)n >．0的正分数指数幂等于0．②正数的负分数指数幂的意义是：11()()(0,,,mmmn nnaa m n N a a-+==>Î且1)n >．0的负分数指数幂没有意义．的负分数指数幂没有意义． 注意口诀：底数取倒数，指数取相反数．底数取倒数，指数取相反数．（3）分数指数幂的运算性质）分数指数幂的运算性质①(0,,)r s r s a a a a r s R +×=>Î ②()(0,,)r s rs a a a r s R =>Î ③()(0,0,)r r rab a b a b r R =>>Î【2.1.2】指数函数及其性质 （4）指数函数）指数函数 函数名称函数名称指数函数指数函数定义定义函数(0xy a a =>且1)a ¹叫做指数函数叫做指数函数图象图象1a >01a <<定义域定义域 R值域值域 (0,)+¥过定点过定点 图象过定点(0,1)，即当0x =时，1y =．奇偶性奇偶性 非奇非偶非奇非偶单调性单调性在R 上是增函数上是增函数在R 上是减函数上是减函数函数值的函数值的 变化情况变化情况1(0)1(0)1(0)xx x a x a x a x >>==<< 1(0)1(0)1(0)xx x a x a x a x <>==>< a 变化对变化对 图象的影响象的影响 在第一象限内，a 越大图象越高；在第二象限内，a 越大图象越低．越大图象越低．xa y =xy(0,1)O1y =xa y =xy (0,1)O 1y =〖2.2〗对数函数【2.2.1】对数与对数运算（1）对数的定义）对数的定义①若(0,1)xa N a a =>¹且，则x 叫做以a 为底N 的对数，记作log a x N =，其中a 叫做底数，N 叫做真数．叫做真数．②负数和零没有对数．②负数和零没有对数．③对数式与指数式的互化：log (0,1,0)x a x N a N a a N =Û=>¹>． （2）几个重要的对数恒等式）几个重要的对数恒等式log 10a =，log 1a a =，log b aa b =．（3）常用对数与自然对数）常用对数与自然对数常用对数：lg N ，即10log N ；自然对数：ln N ，即log e N （其中 2.71828e =…）． （4）对数的运算性质）对数的运算性质 如果0,1,0,0a a M N >¹>>，那么，那么①加法：log log log ()a a aM N MN += ②减法：log log log a a a M M N N-= ③数乘：log log ()n a a n M M n R =Î ④log a Na N =⑤log log (0,)bn a a n M M b n R b=¹Î ⑥换底公式：log log (0,1)log b ab N N b b a=>¹且【2.2.2】对数函数及其性质（5）对数函数）对数函数函数函数 名称名称 对数函数对数函数定义定义函数log (0a yx a =>且1)a ¹叫做对数函数叫做对数函数图象图象1a > 01a <<xyO(1,0)1x =log a y x=xyO (1,0)1x =log a y x=定义域定义域(0,)+¥值域值域R过定点过定点图象过定点(1,0)，即当1x=时，0y=． 奇偶性奇偶性非奇非偶非奇非偶单调性单调性在(0,)+¥上是增函数上是增函数在(0,)+¥上是减函数上是减函数函数值的函数值的变化情况变化情况log0(1)log0(1)log0(01)aaax xx xx x>>==<<<log0(1)log0(1)log0(01)aaax xx xx x<>==><<a变化对变化对 图象的影响象的影响 在第一象限内，a越大图象越靠低；在第四象限内，a越大图象越靠高．越大图象越靠高．。
杨浦区2017年一模Word版附答案
杨浦区学年第一学期期末期末质量调研初三英语练习卷(满分150分，考试时间100分钟）（本卷有七大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号。
所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
）Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力）I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你所听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1._______2. _______3._______4. _______5. _______6._______B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你所听到的对话和问题，选择最恰当的答案）（8分）7.8. A) Shy. B) Pretty. C) Serious. D) Active.8. A) A teacher. B) A TV host. C) A bank clerk D) A writer.9. A) 2:00. B) 2:15. C) 2:30. D) 2:45.10. A) By check. B) By cash. C) By credit card. D) By Apple Pay.11. A) A TV guide. B) A part-time job. C) A plan formovies D)A choices of courses12. A) The shoes are too heavy.C) S he doesn’t like the shoes.B) Cookies.B) The ground is wet.D) It is raining outside.13. A) Some Chinese were hit by local people.C) Some tourists were killed in a flash flood.B) An earthquake occurred there last night.D) Some tourists were injured in a car accident.14. A) A good website helped Alina get some customers.B) Alina helps people by donating clothes and furniture.C) Alina borrowed money from the bank to start her business.D) Alina’s business is to give people advice on creating website.C. Listen to the passage and (ell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）15.Barry Haddow travels from Wales to London every day.16. The “Commuter of the Year” competition was organized by an e arly morning TV program.17. Mr. Haddow won because his commute takes the longest time.18. He travels most of the way by train, and then by taxi.19. He doesn’t like wales, but it’s not as expensive as London.20. He won a rail holiday for himself and his family.D. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks (听短文填空，完成下列句子。
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杨浦区2016学年一模试卷（满分：100分考试时间：60分钟）考生注意：1.试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括两部分，第一部分为选择题；第二部分为综合分析题，所有试题均为简答题。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考号、姓名、学校，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。
第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，第二部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1．2016年10月19日凌晨，神舟十一载人飞船与天宫二号自动对接成功！两名航天员入住天宫二号后，在组合体内生活了30天，开展大量科学实验工作。
下列关于天宫二号内部环境特征的描述，正确的是（）A．强辐射 B.超低温C．高真空 D.微重力2.2016年3月9日人们在印度洋上观察到日食现象。
该日，地、月位置关系是（）3．中国地震台网测定,北京时间2016年10月30日14时40分在意大利(42.90°N,13.10°E)发生6.6级地震。
地震发生时，当地时间是（）A．30日7时40分B．30日21时40分C．31日21时40分D．29日7时40分4.右图为某日太阳光照图，据图判断，该日太阳直射的经纬度位置（）A．23.5°N90°E B.23.5°N90°WC.23.5°S90°WD.23.5°S90°E5．意大利多火山地震，根据右图，判断该国位于（）A．亚欧板块与印度洋板块的碰撞处 B．亚欧板块与非洲板块的碰撞处C．亚欧板块与印度洋板块的张裂处 D．亚欧板块与非洲板块的张裂处6．读某河岸线示意图，沿L1—L2所作河流剖面最有可能与右图剖面相一致的是（）A．①B．②C．③D．④7.冰岛位于美洲板块与亚洲板块的张裂边界,右图为岛上一处岩石景观，该岩石的矿物晶体颗粒细小，多气孔，判断该岩石的成因是（）A．原有岩石受地壳运动变质形成B．由成层堆积的疏松沉积物固结形成C．喷出地表的岩浆在流动中冷凝形成D．岩浆在地下深处冷凝结晶形成8．2016年第14号超强台风“莫兰蒂”给我国南方沿海造成暴雨天气。
下图中能反映台风“莫兰蒂”气流运动特征的是（）A．①B．②C．③D．④9．形成北大西洋暖流的主要动力是（）A．陆地轮廓和岛屿的影响B．盛行西风的影响C.大西洋两岸海水温度、密度的变化D．地球自转偏向力的影响10．随着经济的发展，我国城市用地与城市人口不断增长，这种变化导致的结果可能是（）A．农村开始进入工业化B．全国城市化率提高C．城市老龄化程度加快D．逆城市化现象加重11.有关环境人口容量的叙述，正确的是（）①资源越丰富，能供养的人口数越多，环境人口容量越大②科技越发达，人们利用的资源越多，环境人口容量越小③人均消费水平越高，人们消耗的资源越多，环境人口容量越小④一个地区开发度越大，消耗的资源越多，环境人口容量越小A．①②B．②③ C．①③ D．②④12.右图是某城市某方向上地租水平与距城市中心距离关系示意图，图中甲地距离城市中心较远，而地租水平较高，其原因最可能是该地（）A．地形崎岖B．交通便利C．传统工业集聚 D．有现代农业园区13.小麦是世界主要粮食作物之一，主要产于旱作农业、地中海型农业和高度发达的商品化混合农业等农业地域类型区。
下列地区不是小麦主要产区的是（）A.黄河三角洲B.尼罗河三角洲C.湄公河三角洲D.墨累—达令盆地14．西班牙、意大利、希腊、葡萄牙、法国，这五大橄榄油生产国在国际橄榄油市场所占的生产份额高达75%，其发展橄榄油生产的优势有（）A．地处地中海气候区，适宜种植油橄榄B．平原面积广，机械化程度高C．劳动力丰富，农业生产规模大D．精耕细作，劳动集约化程度高15．某跨国公司在我国生产的“金龙鱼”大豆油，主要以国际市场上的大豆为原料生产。
该品牌大豆油生产厂应靠近（）A.商贸中心B.大豆产地C.火车站D.港口16．对商业布局有深刻影响的是（）A．人们生活方式B．工业分布状况C.道路的通达性D．环境质量状况17.今年3月23日澜沧江－湄公河合作（澜湄合作）首次领导人会议在海南三亚举行，澜湄次区域经济合作已成为亚太地区经济、贸易及投资的新热点，澜湄合作对我国贸易的影响是（）A.增加我国初级产品的出口量B.增加我国劳务输出C.抑制发展中国家的商品出口D.实现区域间优势互补18．近年来，珠江三角洲的玩具制造厂向江西转移的主要原因是（）A．原材料更丰富B．土地租金更低 C．市场更广阔D．更临近技术中心19．我国北斗卫星导航系统除能够提供精准的定位和导航外，还能够提供的服务有（）①报告精确时间②测速③农作物长势监测④气温异常监测A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③20．新疆作为沟通亚欧大陆东西方文化、经济交流的桥梁，形成了独特的西域文化景观。
下列景观属于该文化区的是（）A.白墙黑檐的楼房B.四合院式方整院落C．金碧辉煌的喇嘛寺庙D．建筑雄伟、色彩绚丽的清真寺二、综合分析题（共60分）（一）绿山红遍，层林尽染，每年秋季正是日本的赏枫旺季。
日本气象协会近日公布最新2016年红叶最前线预测。
读有关图文资料，回答问题。
（20分）材料一：在日本，红叶的观赏期与9月份至11月份的气温关系密切，通常最低气温低于8摄氏度，叶子就开始上色，最低气温一旦低于5摄氏度，叶子就能迅速变红。
日本气象协会预测，今年红叶前线在10月20日左右从北海道开始向南推进，到12月20日左右到达九州岛南部。
材料二：日本的富士山也是观赏红叶的好去处，山上除枫树外还有多种植物，海拔500m以下为亚热带常绿阔叶林，500～2000m为温带落叶阔叶林，2000～2600m为寒温带针叶林，2600m以上为高山矮曲林带。
山顶终年积雪。
21.每年秋冬季节，影响日本红叶前线自北向南推进的主要因素是什么？这种变化反映了那种地域分异规律？（4分）22.N地与M地几乎位于同纬度，但N地比M地先观赏到红叶，简释导致N地比M地早观赏到红叶的原因。
（4分）23.富士山从山麓到山顶的景观变化体现了哪种地域分异规律？简释产生这种变化的原因。
(4分)24.根据富士山山麓自然带，判断富士山山麓的气候类型，结合其岛国的地理位置，阐述该地气候特征并分析成因。
（8分）（二）攀枝花市因资源而立，但由于产业结构单一和过度开采资源，产生资源枯竭、环境污染等问题，培育原有产业的接续和替代产业，成为该市产业转型的中心任务。
阅读材料，回答问题。
（20分）材料一：四川省攀枝花市位于横断山区，地处金沙江与雅砻江交汇处，山区约占全市面积的88.38%。
攀枝花铁矿是中国四大铁矿之一，伴生钛居世界第一；伴生钒居中国第一、世界第三。
攀枝花市集溶洞、瀑布、温泉、高山草甸、世界第三高坝为一体，同时拥有世界上面积最大的原始苏铁林。
材料二：自然资源是区域经济发展的物质基础。
攀枝花市许多农产品能错季上市，如晚熟芒果、冬春枇杷等；旅游、运动、养老等第三产业逐步扩大，2015年三大产业结构由上年的3.4:73.8:22.8调整为3.4:71.4:25.2。
25.从两个方面，概述攀枝花市经济发展的自然资源条件(4分)26.错季上市的水果和蔬菜成为该市农业特色，简述形成这一农业特色的气候资源优势。
(6分)27.该市第二产业比重大，攀枝花钢铁厂是该市重要工业部门，但与此同时，工业化进程中的攀钢也带来了巨大的污染，简述攀钢能源转型的自然资源条件。
（4分）28.简述该市发展旅游、运动、养老等第三产业的区位优势。
(6分)（三）海河是我国华北地区的重要河流，海河流域是我国七大流域中水资源最缺乏的流域，水环境的整治是该流域整治的重要内容。
读图文资料，回答问题（20分）材料：海河发源于内蒙古高原、黄土高原、燕山、太行山，流域地跨北京、天津、河北、山西、河南、山东、内蒙古、辽宁8个省（自治区、直辖市）有26个地级以上大中城市和31个县级市，人口密集，城市众多。
29.判断海河流域的地势特征，判断海河的主要补给类型。
（2分）30.从径流量的季节变化、含沙量、汛期、结冰期等方面，分析海河的主要水文特征。
（6分）31.从气候的角度，分析海河春季径流量小，海河流域易发生春旱的原因。
（4分）32.近年，海河流域水环境的整治已成为该地区的重要任务。
根据资料，分析海河流域水环境存在的问题，并提出整治的措施。
（8分）杨浦区2016学年度第一学期高中等级考质量调研高二年级地理学科试卷.参考答案二、综合分析题（共60分）（言之合理，均可得分）（一）（20分）21．纬度或气温（热量）（2分）；纬度地带性规律（2分）22.N地位于冬季风的迎风坡，冬季降温先于M地（2分）；M地沿岸还有暖流流经，冬季气温较高，降温也较迟（2分）。
23.地域分异规律：垂直地带性（2分）原因：随着海拔高度的上升，热量和水分都发生变化，植被也随之变化。
（2分）24.气候类型：亚热带季风气候（2分）气候特征：夏季凉爽多雨（1分），冬季温和少雨（1分），气温年较差小（1分）成因：海陆热力差异形成季风气候（2分），岛国四面环海，受海洋影响，气温年较差小。
（1分）（二）（20分）25.铁、煤、钒、钛矿产资源储量大；水能、太阳能等能源资源丰富；水资源较充沛；森林资源丰富。
（任答二个方面，每个方面2分）26.该地光照资源丰富（2分）；冬春季节温度较高，气温年较差小（2分）；属于湿润区，降水集中在夏季（2分）。
27.攀钢能源原以煤炭为主，造成环境污染，随着二滩水电站的建设，水电替换部分火电（2分）；该地太阳能资源丰富，大力发展太阳能发电，用清洁、可再生能源替换高污染的火电（2分），实现能源的转型。
28．该市有溶洞、瀑布、温泉、高山草甸、原始森林等旅游资源，有利于休闲旅游业的发展（2分）；该市冬季气候温和，晴天多、光照充足，气温年较差小，有利于老年人的养老生活（2分）；该地交通便利，有利于商品物质和旅客的集散（2分）。
（三）（20分）29．地势特征：由西部、北部和西南部三面向渤海湾倾斜（西北高，东南低；西高东低）（1分）主要补给类型：雨水补给（1分）30.水文特征：径流量季节变化大，汛期出现在夏秋季节，含沙量大，有结冰期。
（任答三点，每点2分，共6分）31.我国东部属于季风气候，一般春季雨带停留在华南地区，海河流域降水少（2分），春季气温上升，蒸发大（2分），易形成旱灾。
32.问题：径流量季节变化大，水旱灾害严重；随着城市化进程，林地和水域面积减少；人口、城市众多，工农业、生活用水量大，水环境污染严重，水资源短缺。
（任答二点，每点1分，共2分）措施：上游建设水库，调蓄洪水；调整土地利用，控制建设用地，增加水域面积；建设跨流域调水工程；节约用水；提高水资源的利用率；利用科技发展节水农业，调整产业结构，发展低耗水产业。