完整版定语从句讲义个人精心整理
定语从句讲解最全课件
详细描述
定语从句可以用来描述人或物的特征 ，从而使读者更加具体地了解这个人 或物。例如，在描述一个人时，可以 使用定语从句来描述这个人的外貌、 性格、职业等特征。
利用定语从句表达作者的观点和态度
总结词
使观点和态度更加明确
详细描述
定语从句可以用来表达作者的观点和态度。通过使用定语从句，可以更加明确地表达自 己的观点和态度，同时使这种表达更加有力。例如，在写作中可以使用定语从句来表达
对某人或某事的看法或评价。
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根据从句在句子中的位置，定语 从句可以分为前置定语从句和后
置定语从句。
根据从句与所修饰名词或代词的 逻辑关系，定语从句可以分为限 制性定语从句和非限制性定语从
句。
02
关系代词引导的定语从句
that的用法
先行词为all, much, few, something, one, the +名词，the only +名词，the very +名词，the last等时，常用that引导定语从句。
when在从句中作时间状语，表 示动作发生的时间点或时间段
where的用法
引导定语从句，表示地点关系 先行词可以是表示地点的词，如：place, city, building等
where在从句中作地点状语，表示动作发生的地点或位置
why的用法
引导定语从句，表示原因关系 先行词是表示原因的词，如：reason, cause等
先行词被the only，the very，the same修饰时
总结词
当先行词被the only，the very，the same修饰时，定语从句通常使用that引 导。
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（完整版）定语从句讲解总结
（完整版）定语从句讲解总结定语从句讲解⼀．定语从句1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语⽆论多长都放在被修饰词的前⾯，⽽英语中的定语则不然，是⼀个词时，放在被修饰词的前⾯，如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后⾯，如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红⾐的⼥孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位⼥⼠背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的⼈。
2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句⼦缺少成分。
如上⾯第5：主句：He is the man从句：who you are looking for在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选⽤关系代词 who(whom)放置于句⾸，便是定语从句。
3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：He is the man you are looking for.⼆．定语从句（从句部分）1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先⾏词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先⾏词（1）先⾏词⼀般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先⾏词，⼈称代词也同样可作先⾏词。
（2）先⾏词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点：①先⾏词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先⾏词⽽定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句⼦中充当了成分，其意思就是先⾏词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
高中定语从句讲义(精编)
定语（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
(定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
)2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：特别提示：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。
)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。
)（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语, 不可省略。
①The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩②Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人③Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.④That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾 语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ，who ，whom ，whose ，which;关系副词有 when ，where ，why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ，whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一种在英语中非常常见且重要的语法结构。
它在句子中充当定语，用来修饰一个名词或代词，使其含义更加明确和丰富。
简单来说，定语从句就是一个句子，放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，起到描述和限定的作用。
通过定语从句，我们能够更详细、更准确地表达我们想要表达的意思。
比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“the book”，让我们清楚知道是哪一本书有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
常见的关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。
常见的关系副词有：when、where、why。
关系词在定语从句中不仅起到引导的作用，还在从句中充当一定的成分。
例如，在“The man who is standing there is my teacher”这个句子中，“who”是关系代词，在从句“who is standing there”中作主语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 和 whichthat 和 which 都可以用来指代物，但在一些情况下，只能用 that 不能用 which。
当先行词是不定代词（如 all、anything、nothing 等）、先行词被最高级、序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物时，通常用 that 而不用 which。
例如：All that glitters is not gold（发光的未必都是金子。
）This is the first book that I have read（这是我读过的第一本书。
）The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned（掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
(完整版)定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause ）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1. 结构：关系词 +主语+谓语+其它2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词： who ，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词： when ，where ，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who 。
The boy who is standingover there is Tom.He who doesn ’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选w h o m.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose. This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that 可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which ，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all 时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被 all, some, any 修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last 修饰时This is the last time that I ’ll give y oupocket m o n e y.⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
英语定语从句讲义全
定语从句（一）基本概念1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法（二）定语从句的注意点本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。
1.that与which, who, whom的用法区别2.as、which和that的区别3. where、when与why引导的定语从句4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。
先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“介词+whom/whose”, 且两个关系代词均不能省略。
介词的选择要遵循两个原则：5.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
6.定语从句与其它从句（句型）的区别此外还要注意下列两点：▲定语从句与习惯句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai．②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life．解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first／second ．．．time ＋that从句。
故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。
②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的句子结构。
简单来说，定语从句就是在一个句子中充当定语成分的从句。
它用来修饰、限定或说明先行词，即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting （“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”）二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词有：when、where、why 等。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分；关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The man that is standing there is my teacher （that 作主语，指人）The book that I bought is very useful （that 作宾语，指物）2、 which 指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The house which was built last year is very beautiful （which 作主语）The pen which you gave me is very nice （which 作宾语）3、 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：The girl who is singing is my sister （who 作主语）4、 whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：The man whom I met yesterday is very kind （whom 作宾语）5、 whose 表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。
例如：The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard （whose 作定语，修饰“father”）四、关系副词的用法1、 when 表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
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•定语从句定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why 等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句 B.代替先行词，C.在定语从句中担当一个成分.关系代词表格例如：(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分)①Do you know the pro fessor who/that will give us a sp eech next week?②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be p ublished.③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语)④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to in troduce to you.⑤The soldier whose legs were badly woun ded was op erated on without delay.三.6个关系代词的用法1 )关系代词that禾n which 的用法which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.▲但在有些情况下，只用that1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。
①This is the best way that has bee n used aga inst p olluti on.②En glish is the most difficult subject that you will lear n duri ng these years.2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。
①This is the last p lace (that) I want to visit.②It is the first America n movie of this kind that I3.先行词是all, much, little, someth ing, everyth ing, anything,nothing, non e,a ny, few, little, no, all, much, every 等不定代词时。
①You should hand in all that you have.②We haven ‘ t got much that we can ffer you.③The little money (that) he had was stole n.4.先行词前面有the on ly, the very,等修饰时。
The only thing that we can do is to give you some mon ey.5.先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talk ing about?6.主句已有疑问词which时。
避免重复使用Which is the bike that you lost?7.that在定语从句中作表语Mary is no Ion ger the girl that she used to be. （作主语）（作宾语）ve ever seen.▲不用that的情况①引导非限定性定语从句时。
例如：He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.②介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.▲有些情况只用which①引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。
Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smok ing.Tom came back late, which made his parents very an gry.②关系代词作介词的宾语。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.2）关系代词who禾n whom 的用法who指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。
Whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可省略，但在介词后面不能省略。
She has a brother who worked at that factory ten years ago.The doctor who/whom/that /x she went to the Un ited States with last month is very famous. =The doctor with whom she went to the Un ited States last month is very famous.3）关系代词whose 的用法⑴whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。
①I saw a woma n whose bag was stole n.②Please show me the book whose cover is red.⑵ 当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。
① The buildi ng whose roof you can see from here is a new restaura nt.T The buildi ng, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaura nt. 或T The buildi ng, of which the roof you can see from he re is a new restaura nt.4）关系代词as的用法先行词前有such、the same时关系代词用as I ' veever heard such stories as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same dicti onary as I lost last week.5 ）关系副词的用法含义相当于\"介词+ which'"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which'"结构交替使用关系副词引导的定语从句①whe n指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day whe n I first came to this school.The time whe n we got together fin ally arrived.②where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shan ghai is the city where I was born.The house where I lived ten years ago has bee n p ulled dow n.③why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
PI ease tell me the reason why you missed the plane. whe n=on which where=in whichreas on=for whichThe day whe n /on which I met him first was May 1st. This is the house where/i n which I lived two years ago. I don ‘ t know the reason why /for which he didn .并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when 或where 来引导相应的定语从句， 若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、 宾语等而不是状语时，需用which 或that 引导相应的定语从句。
Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 先行词 the days 表时间, 但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用 when 而应该用which 或 that 。
This is the day whe n I jo ined the p arty/which he spent read ing the books/which I still n ever forget. This is the p lace where I found the book./ which we once visited/which I will n ever forget/which I am look ing forThis is the reason why he was late /that he gave at the meeti ng for his being late.④.以the way 为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由 in which 或that 引导，而且通常可以省略。
The way (that / in which ) he an swered the questio ns was surprising. I don ‘ t e the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.四.介词+关系代词 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由介词+which (指事)介词+whom (指人)① The school (which / that) he once studied in is veryfamous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.② Tomorrow I ' bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.Tomorrow I ' bring here the magazine for which you asked.③This is the boy (whom / who / that) I p layed tennis with yesterday.This is the boy with whom I p layed tennis with yesterday.④We ll go to hear the famous sin ger (whom / who / that) we have ofte n talked about.we lgo to hear the famous sin ger about whom we have ofte n talked.⑤ The boss whose company I work in p ays much atte ntio n to improving our work ing con diti ons.The boss in whose company I work p ays much atte ntio n to improving our work ing con diti ons.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用 whom ，不可用who, that ;关系代词指物时只可用which ，不可用that 。